Cessna 177 Cardinal Pilot's Guide

7/21/2019 Cessna 177 Cardinal Pilot's Guide

1/58Flight1SoftwareCessna177BCardinalIIPilot'sGuide | www.flight1.com

CESSNA 177B Cardinal IIfor Flight Simulator XCESSNA

177B CARDINAL II



CESSNA 177B Cardinal IIfor Flight Simulator X

table of contents

ntroduction............................................................................................................................................................................................................

mportantInformation......................................................................................................................................................................................

PCPerformance...................................................................................................................................................................................................

ReinstallingYourSoftware..............................................................................................................................................................................

AircraftData...........................................................................................................................................................................................................

SymbolsandAbbreviations...........................................................................................................................................................................

FlightPlanning......................................................................................................................................................................................................

SelectingYourAircraft......................................................................................................................................................................................

CreatingaNewDefaultFlight......................................................................................................................................................................

BeginningWithaColdandDarkCockpit..............................................................................................................................................

ControlSetupandRealismSettings.........................................................................................................................................................

AuxiliaryControlPanel.....................................................................................................................................................................................

VirtualCockpit......................................................................................................................................................................................................

Pilot'sPanel-FlightInstruments.................................................................................................................................................................

Pilot'sPanel-EngineandSystemsGauges.........................................................................................................................................SwitchPanels,EngineControlPanelandCenterPedestal...........................................................................................................

Co-Pilot'sPanelandRadioStack...............................................................................................................................................................

Autopilot..................................................................................................................................................................................................................

Limitations..............................................................................................................................................................................................................

NormalProcedures...........................................................................................................................................................................................

PerformanceCharts..........................................................................................................................................................................................




Jim RhoadsFlight1Software

ntRoDUctIon

TheCessna177BCardinalIIisalightweight,high-wingGeneralAviationaircraftthatwasintendedtoreplaceCesnna172Skyhawk.Firstannouncedin1967,theCardinalwasproducedfrom1968through1978.

WhenCessnaengineer'sbegandesigningtheCardinal,notonlydidtheywantareplacementfortheSkyhaheywantedto implementnewtechnologiesintothedesign.Theresultingdesignincludedacantileverw

withalaminarflowairfoil-theonlyproductionhigh-wingsingle-enginedCessnasincethe190and195seohavebothfixedlandinggearandacantileverwingwithoutstrutbracing.Toimprovevisibilityandsituatioawareness,thepilotwasmovedforwardaheadofthewingleadingedge.Inaddition,apowerfulyetlightweigenginewasusedtoimproveperformance.

TheCessna177BCardinalIImodeledinthissoftwarepackagefeaturesaLycoming4-cylinder,air-cooledengwithaconstantspeedpropeller.Itcansafelyandefficientlyflyuptofourpeopleapproximately600nauticalmatacruisespeedofapproximately130knots.

Theinstrumentpanelfeaturesthestandardassortmentofflightandenginegauges,inadditiontodualGarGNS430GPSs,anS-TEC55Xautopilot,aGarminGMA340audiopanelandaGarminGTX327transponder.

AnAuxiliaryControlPanelallowsyoutochoosecustomoptionsforyouraircraft,includingtheabilitytochoanoptionthatallowstheuseofRealityXPradiostackgauges,shouldyouchoosetodoso.

OnbehalfofFlight1Softwareandthedevelopmentteammembers,IinviteyoutoexperiencetheFlight1SoftwCessna177BCardinalIIforFlightSimulatorXandthankyouforyourcontinuedpatronage.

Manyhappylandings!




AboutthisPilot'sGuide

PleasenotethattheSupportTicketSystemshouldnotbeusedfortechnicalproductsupport.

Thissoftwareisdesignedforentertainmentpurposesonly.AlthoughwehavedesignedtheCessna177CardinalIIforFlightSimulatorXtoresembleandfunctionascloselyaspossibletherealfull-scaleaircraft,isnotdesignedasatrainingdevice.Notallsystemshavebeensimulated,andsomeofthosethathavebesimulatedmaynotbeentirelyfunctionalorsimulatedto100%accuracy.

Flight1SoftwareisnotresponsibleforerrorsduetodifferencesinfunctionalitybetweenanypartsoftheCess177BCardinalIIforFlightSimulatorXandtherealfull-scaleaircraft.Thisincludes,butisnotlimitedto,aircraftmodel,flightperformance,itsinstrumentsandlimitationscausedbyFlightSimulator.

mpoRtant InfoRmatIon

PleasereadthroughthisPilot'sGuidetobecomefamiliarwiththeFlight1SoftwareCessna177BCardinalII.aircraftincludesmanyfeaturesthatyouwillwanttofamiliarizeyourselfwith.Takingthetimetodothisnowallowyoutogetthemostenjoymentoutofyournewsoftware.

TheFlight1SoftwareCessna177BCardinal IIrequiresMicrosoftFlightSimulatorXSP2,AccelerationorGedition.ThissoftwareisNOTcompatiblewithFlightSimulatorXSP1.Formoreinformation,andtodownlServicePack(SP2)forFlightSimulatorX,pleasevisittheMicrosoftFSInsiderwebsiteatwww.fsinsider.com

ToensurethattheentirePilot'sGuideprints,makesuretochooseReducetoPrinterMarginsandAuto-RotateandCenterinyourAdobeAcrobatReaderprintdialogbox.

EventhoughthisPilot'sGuideisdesignedincolortomakeiteasytoeadonyourcomputerscreen,if youwishtoprint thisPilot'sGuideandsaveinkatthesametime,pleasechoosetoprintinGrayscale,viayourcomputersprintdialogscreen.

Flight1Softwarestrivestoprovidetimely,reliablesupport.Thefollowingsupportoptionsareavailable:

Forsupportrelatedtopasswords,ordernumbers,andkeyfiles,pleasevisitourAutomatedSupportSysatwww.flight1.com/view.asp?page=service

Ifyouneedfurthersupportrelatedtooneormoreofitemsabove,pleaseuseourSupportTicketSystemwww.flight1.com/ticket.asp

FortechnicalproductsupportrelatedspecificallytotheCessna177BCardinalIIsoftwarepackage,pleavisitourTechnicalSupportForumatwww.simforums.com/forums/

FliGhtsimulAtorX sP2 requirements

PrintinGthisPilot'sGuide

CustomersuPPort

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1) AUTOPILOT-ClicktoturntheautopilotONandOFF.

2) HEADING BUG-Theheadingbugisusedforheadingselectmodelateralnavigationwiththeautopiloritcanbeusedasaheadingreferencewhenyou'renotusingtheautopilot.

3) HEADING ADJUSTMENT KNOB-Usedtoadjusttheheadingbug.Turningtheknobtotherightrotatetheheadingbugclockwiseandturningtheknobtotheleftrotatestheheadingbugcounter-clockwise

Mostaircraftsystemfeaturesaredetailedandexplainedintheassociatedpanelsection.Ifanyaircsystemsrequiremoredetailedexplanations,theywillfeaturetheirownseparatesections.

Feature / FunctionDescriptions

mpoRtant InfoRmatIon

Itemsthatdon'thaveaclick-spotorfunctionreferenceassociatedwiththemarenotmodeledinthissimulatio

ThisPilot'sGuideislayedoutinsuchawaytomakeitaseasyaspossibleforyoutobecomefamiliarwithCessna177BCardinalIIsoftwarepackage.ThisPilot'sGuidecoversmanyaspectsoftheaircraft,including,notlimitedto,thevirtualcockpit,gauges,click-spots,aircraftsystems,aircraftlimitations,checklistsa

performancecharts.

Nearlyeveryknob,switch,button,keyandleverintheCessna177BCardinalIIcanbeclickedonandhasassociatedfunction.ThedifferentsectionsofthisPilot'sGuidedetaileachofthemainpanelsectionsandassociaircraftfunctions.

temsthatcanbeclickedonarereferencedinredanditemsthatcannotbeclickedon,buthaveafeatureassociawithitarereferencedinorange.Knobs,leversandswitchesthathavemultipleclick-spotsassociatedwiththeatureyellowboxesthatsurroundthespecificclick-spot.Itemssuchaskeys,buttonsandtwo-positionswitccanbeturnedONandOFFbysimplyclickingonthem,therefore,noseparateyellowboxisdisplayed.

Eachfeaturethatisreferencedhasacorrespondingnumberwithadescriptionofthespecificfeatureandunction.Seetheexamplebelow:

FunctionWithout Click-Spot

Rotary Knob withSeparate Click-Spots

2

3

AseparatePilot'sGuideisinstalledwiththissoftwarethatdetailstheuseoftheGarminGNS430Gincludedinthissimulation.It'slocatedintheFlightOneSoftware/177CardinalfolderinyourStartMen

Switch withSingle Click-Spot

1

Pilot'sGuideoverview

Pilot'sGuidelAyouteXAmPle




ngeneral,FlightSimulatorXismoredemandingonsystemresourcesthananypastversionofFlightSimulodate.Thisismostlyduetotheaddedcomplexityofthescenerybeingdisplayed.Thesceneryisdisplayeamuchhigherresolutionandthereismuchmoreautogen,morehighly-detailed3Dmodels,movingtraetc.After-marketaircraftliketheCessna177BCardinalIIaremuchmorecomplexthanthestockaircraftevenmoredemandisplacedonyoursystem-muchmoresothanifyou'reusingoneofthedefaultaircBecauseofthis,it'simportantthatyouoptimizeyoursystemtogetthebestperformanceoutofit.

fyourPCisatthehighendoftherecommendedsystemspecifications,youshouldbeabletoruntheCes177BCardinalIIwithoutissue.If,however,yourPCisnearthebottomofthesystemrecommendationsyoumneedtoreducesomeofyourFlightSimulatorsettingstoincreasesystemperformance.Therearealsochanhatyoucanmaketoyourvideocardsettingstoimprovesystemperformance.

We'velistedsomerecommendationstohelpimprovesystemperformance.Sincecomputersystemsarewidelyvaried,thesearegeneralrecommendationsandmayormaynothelpinallcases.Itwillbeuptoyoexperimentwithdifferentsettingsuntilyouaresatisfiedwiththeresults.

EnsurethatyouhaveinstalledthelatestupdatesforbothyourWindowsandFlightSimulatorXinstallat

anddefragmentyourharddriveregularly.

ManyPCshaveprogramsrunninginthebackgroundthatarenotnecessaryforuseduringgaming.ManthesebackgroundtaskscanbetemporarilyshutdowntofreeupmoreprocessingpowerforFlightSimulatoBeforelaunchingFlightSimulatorX,makesuretoshutdownanynon-essentialbackgroundtasks.

AdjustthesettingsforyourvideocarddirectlythroughyourvideocardandnotthroughFlightSimulatoInmostcases,allowingyourvideocardtocontrolAnti-AliasingandAnisiotropicFilteringispreferableallowingFlightSimulatorXtocontrolthesesettings.KeepinmindthatalthoughhigherAnti-AliasingAnisiotropicFilteringsettingsresultinsuperiorvisuals,thesesettingscannegativelyaffectFlightSimulatperformance.Youmayneedtolowerthesesettingstofindabalancebetweenhigh-qualityvisualsacceptableperformance.ForATIusers,werecommendusingATITrayTools.ForNVidiausers,werecomme

usingNVidiaInspector.

SomeofthesettingsinFlightSimulatorXthataffectperformanceareautogen,AIaircraft,roadtraffic,scecomplexityandwatereffects.ThesesettingscancauseevenmoreofaperformancehitifyouareusingaddsoftwarethatenhancetheseaspectsofFlightSimulatorX.Youmayneedtoloweroneormoreofthesesettto findabalancebetweenhigh-qualityvisualsandacceptableperformance.Again,itwillbeuptoyoexperimentwithsettingsuntilyouaresatisfiedwiththeresults.

pc peRfoRmance

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DonotbackuptheExtractedProgramFilethat'slocatedinyourC:\FlightOneSoftwarefolder.Inmostcasthisfilecannotbeusedtoreinstalltheproduct.Ifyoureinstalltheproductusingthisfile,youwillmostlikreceivealicenseerrorwhenyourunthesoftware.Alwaysbesuretobackupandreinstallfromtheoriginalfithatyoudownloadedwhenyoufirstmadeyourpurchase.

EnsurethatyourPCisconnectedtotheInternet,thenfollowtheon-screenpromptstoselectyourkeyfileaenteryourpassword(orenteryourFlight1loginandpassword).Onceyourpurchasinginformationisvalidahesoftwarewillbeextractedtoyourharddiscandtheinstallationwillstartautomatically.

Aftertheinstallationcompletes,rebootyourcomputerbeforerunningthesoftwareforthefirsttime.ThisensurethatanyDLLs,fonts,etc.,registerwithWindowsandwillensuretrouble-freeuse.

Ifyou'reusingtheWindowsVistaortheWindows7operatingsystemandarehavingtroublereinstallingysoftware,pleasevisittheFlight1WindowsVistaOnlineFAQhere: http://www.flight1.com/view.asp?page=vis

IfyourPCisNOTconnectedtotheInternet,choosetheLicenseTransferoptionandfollowtheon-screenpromp

Onthemaininstallationwrapperscreen,presstheClickHeretoReinstallbutton,orpresstheOptionalFligLoginifyouoriginallychosethekeylessinstallationmethod.

ClickHeretoReinstall

ReInstallIng yoUR softwaRe

Afteryou'veinstalledyoursoftware,pleasetakeamomenttobackupyouroriginaldownloadfile(thefileydownloadedwhenyoupurchasedtheproduct-ithasaredairplaneiconandislabeledFlightOnePurchaModule)andyourkeyfile,bothofwhicharesavedtoyourharddiscinthefolderthatyouspecifiedbefore

downloadprocess.BothofthesefilesshouldbebackeduptoaCD-ROMoraDVD-ROMsothatyoucanreinheproductinthefuturewithoutneedingtoredownloadit.

Temporarilyturnoffanyanti-virussoftwareandanyotherdiscutilitiesthatmayberunninginthebackgrounDouble-clicktheoriginaldownloadfile(theFlightOnePurchasingModule)toruntheinstallationwrapper.

bACkinGuPyouroriGinAldownloAdFileAndyourkeyFile

reinstAllinGyoursoFtwAre




WingLoading.................................................................................................................................................14.4PoundsPerSquareF

PowerLoading..............................................................................................................................................13.9PoundsPerHorsePo

Manufacturer..........................................................................................................................................................................TextronLycom

Model....................................................................................................................................................................................................O-360-A1

EngineType....................................................................................................................NormallyAspirated,Direct-Drive,Carbure

NumberofCylinders........................................................................................................................... 4-Cylinder,HorizontallyOppo

Horsepower.....................................................................................................................................................................180BHPat2700R

Manufacturer...................................................................................................................................................McCauleyPropellerSyste

NumberofBlades..............................................................................................................................................................................................

Diameter......................................................................................................................................................................................................76Inc

Type.................................................................................................................................................................................................ConstantSp

ApprovedFuelGrades...............................................100LLGradeAviationFuel(Blue)/100GradeAviationFuel(Gre

TotalFuelCapacity.............................................................................................................................................................. 50.00U.S.Gal

TotalUsableFuel..................................................................................................................................................................49.00U.S.Gal

TotalOilCapacity...................................................................................................................................................................................9.0Qu

OverallLength............................................................................................................................................................................27Feet8Inc

OverallHeight...............................................................................................................................................................................8Feet7Inc

WingSpan....................................................................................................................................................................................35Feet6Inc

aIRcRaft Data

MaximumTakeoffWeight...........................................................................................................................................................2500Pou

StandardEmptyWeight...............................................................................................................................................................1560Pou

UsefulLoad...........................................................................................................................................................................................940Pou

MaximumBaggageWeight......................................................................................................................................................... 120Pou

enGine

ProPeller

Fuel

oil

eXteriordimensions

winGAndPowerloAdinGs

weiGhts

PAyloAd

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aIRcRaft Data

StallSpeed

Clean(VS)................................................................................................................................................................................................55K

LandingConfiguration(VSO)......................................................................................................................................................... 46K

MaximumFlapExtendedSpeed(VFE)

Flaps-10.............................................................................................................................................................................................113K

Flaps-10to30................................................................................................................................................................................. 91K

ManeuveringSpeed(VA)

2500Pounds........................................................................................................................................................................................102K

2100Pounds..........................................................................................................................................................................................93K

1700Pounds..........................................................................................................................................................................................84K

NeverExceedSpeed(VNE).................................................................................................................................................................161K

MaximumStructuralCruisingSpeed(VNO)................................................................................................................................135K

ServiceCeiling......................................................................................................................................................................................14,600

TopSpeed,SeaLevel.............................................................................................................................................................................139K

CruiseSpeed,75%Powerat10,000Feet.....................................................................................................................................130K

CruiseRangeat10,000Feet(75%Power,49Gallons,NoReserve).............................735Miles/4.9Hours/130K

RateofClimb,SeaLevel.......................................................................................................................................................................840F

MaximumRangeat10,000Feet(49Gallons,NoReserve)................................................820Miles/6.5Hours/109K

TakeoffDistance,SeaLevel,GroundRoll.....................................................................................................................................750F

TakeoffDistance,SeaLevel,DistanceOver50FootObstacle.......................................................................................1400F

LandingDistance,GroundRoll...........................................................................................................................................................600F

LandingDistance,DistanceOver50FootObstacle.............................................................................................................1220F

Altitudes

bAsiCPerFormAnCe

AirsPeedlimitAtions

VSO StallingSpeedortheminimumsteadyflightspeedatwhichtheaircraftiscontrollableinthelandconfigurationatmaximumgrossweight.

VS StallingSpeedortheminimumsteadyflightspeedatwhichtheaircraftiscontrollable.

VFE MaximumFlapExtendedSpeedisthehighestspeedpermissiblewithwingflapsinaprescribedextenposition.

VA ManeuveringSpeedisthemaximumspeedatwhichyoumayuseabruptcontroltravel.

symbols anD abbRevIatIons

v-sPeedsymbols

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VNO MaximumStructuralCruisingSpeedisthespeedthatshouldnotbeexceededexceptinsmoothair,thenonlywithcaution.

VNE NeverExceedSpeedisthespeedlimitthatmaynotbeexceededatanytime.

VX BestAngleofClimbSpeedprovidesthebestaltitudegainperunitofhorizontaldistance,andisusuusedforclearingobstaclesduringtakeoff.

VY BestRateofClimbSpeedprovidesthebestaltitudegainintheshortestamountoftime.

VG BestRateofGlideSpeedprovidesthebestglidedistanceinanengine-outscenario.

VR RotationSpeed.Thespeedatwhichtheaircraft'snosewheelleavestheground.

VMC MinimumControlSpeedinanengineoutsituation.

VREF ReferenceSpeed.Thelandingreferencespeedorthresholdcrossingspeed.

VSW StallWarningSpeed.Speedatwhichthestallwarningalarmwilloccur.

OAT OutsideAirTemperatureisthefreeairstatictemperatureobtainedeitherfromin-flighttemperaindicationsorgroundmeteorologicalsources,adjustedforinstrumenterrorandcompressibilityeffe

SA StandardTemperatureis15Catsealevelpressurealtitudeanddecreasesby2Cforeach1000feealtitude.

PA PressureAltitudeisaltitudemeasuredfromthestandardsealevelpressureof29.92inHgbyapressofbarometricaltimeter.

symbols anD abbRevIatIons

KCAS KnotsCalibratedAirspeedisindicatedairspeedcorrectedforpositionandinstrumenterrorexpressedinknots.KnotscalibratedairspeedisequaltoKTASinstandardatmosphereatsealevel

KIAS IndicatedAirspeedinKnots.

KTAS TrueAirspeedisthespeedofanaircraftrelativetoundisturbedairwhichistheCAScorrected

altitude,temperatureandcompressibility.

v-sPeedsymbols, Continued....

AirsPeedterminoloGy

meteoroloGiCAlterminoloGy

flIght plannIng

AflightplancanbecreatedandmodifieddirectlythroughtheGPSoraflightplancanbecreatedpriortoyightthroughtheFlightSimulatorflightplanner.

OncetheFlightSimulatorflightplanissavedandyouloadtheaircraft,thesavedflightplanwillbeautomaticadisplayedontheGPSwhentheaircraftisloaded.

fcreatingaflightplandirectlythroughtheGPS,pleaserefertotheseparateGNS430User'sGuideinstalledwhissoftware.It'slocatedintheFlightOneSoftware/177CardinalfolderinyourStartMenu.




TheFlight1SoftwareCessna177BCardinalIIislocatedunderCessnaintheFlightSimulatorAircraftManufactdrop-downboxandunderFlight One SoftwareintheFlightSimulatorPublisherdrop-downbox.

Threedifferentstockliveriesareavailabletochoosefrom:

G-BEBNWhite|Blue

N30597White|DarkBlue

Inordertoseeallavailableliveries,makesurethat'ShowallVariations'isselectedintheFlightSimulaircraftselectionscreen.

selectIng yoUR aIRcRaft

begInnIng wIth a colD anD DaRk cockpIt

nthedefaultconfiguration,whenyouloadtheCessna177BCardinalIIintoFlightSimulator,allaircraftsysteareupandrunning.IfyouwouldprefertostartoutwiththeaircraftColdandDarkinstead,followtheprocedubelow:

CreateandloadthedefaultFlightSimulatorflightasdescribedabove.

Manuallyshutdownalloftheaircraftsystemsandsavetheflightas'ColdandDark'.Youalsohavetheoptionmakingityournewdefaultflight.Ifyoudothis,allsubsequentflightswillbeColdandDark.

SwitchtotheCessna177BCardinalIIusingtheFlightSimulatorAircraftdrop-downmenu.TheaircraftshonowloadintoFlightSimulatorColdandDark.

IfyoumaketheColdandDarkflightyourdefaultflight,allaircraftyouloadintoFlightSimulatorwillloadinColdandDarkstate.

TopreventproblemswithpanelinitializationandaircraftperformanceuponloadingtheCessna177BCardinaintoFlightSimulatorX,westronglyadvisethatyoufirstloadtheFlightSimulatorXDefaultFlight,thenswitchtheCessna177BCardinalII.Thiswillensurethatpreviouslysavedpanelsettingsfrompreviousaircraftwillninterferewiththeoperationoftheaircraft.Justsomeoftheproblemsyoumightencounterifyoudon'tloadthCessna177BCardinalIIassuggestedarefueldrawimbalanceissues,unusualautopilotbehaviorandfligtrimmingissues.

cReatIng a new DefaUlt flIght

WhenyouloadtheDefaultFlightinFlightSimulatorX,youwillbeflyingoutoverwater.Thisisnotthebestsituationoadingyouraircraft,sowerecommendcreatinganewdefaultflighttoloadyourCessna177BCardinalIIfr

Tocreateanewdefaultflight,firstloadthedefaultFlightSimulatorflight,movetheaircrafttotheactiverunwayourchoice,thensavetheflightasthenewdefaultflight.Loadthenewdefaultflight,thenSWITCHtotheCes177BCardinalII(usingtheAircraftdrop-downselectionintheFlightSimulatorMenuBar)andsetupyourfparameters,suchaslocation,time,weather,etc.

Asanalternativetotheproceduresabove,Flight1SoftwareoffersaFlightSimulatorXSafeStartupwhichcanbedownloadedandinstalledintoFlightSimulatorX.Thistakestheguess-workoutofcrea

hedefaultflight.Thisfilecreatesadefaultflightthathelpsensurethattheaircraft'spanelwillinitializepropensuringtrouble-freeperformance.Itcanbedownloadedfromwww.flight1software.com/files/FSXSafeStartup

C-GZSFWhite|Green




contRol setUp anD RealIsm settIngs

WerecommendusingtheFlightSimulatorControlSettingsandRealismSettingstoensurethemostaccurenditionof theCardinal's flightdynamics inyour FlightSimulator setup.TheCardinal's flightdynamicsprogrammedusingthesesettingsasastartingpoint,sousingthesesamesettingswillgenerallyresultinntendedflightdynamics'feeling'acrossmanydifferentuser'ssystems.

ControlsettinGs

Tochangeyourinputdevice'scontrolsettings,usetheFlightSimulatorSettings-Controlsmenu.ChoOptions|Settings|ControlsfromtheFlightSimulatorMenuBar,thenchoosetheCalibrationtab.

reAlismsettinGs

Tochangeyourrealismsettings,usetheFlightSimulatorSettings-Realismmenu.ChooseAircraft|ReaSettingsfromtheFlightSimulatorMenuBar.

ForSensitivityandNullZonewerecommendutheDefaultValues.WealsorecommendusingDefaultValuesforKeyboardSensitivity.

Wesuggestthefollowingsettings:

FlightModel:AllsettoRealistic(fullright)

FlightControls:DoNOTcheckAutorudder

Engine:DoNOTcheckEnableAutomixture

InstrumentsandLights:ChooseDisplayIndicaAirspeed.

Allotheroptionscanbesettothelevelofreayouprefer.

Wedon'trecommendEnablingGyroDrift.




Pilot & Co-Pilot:

PilotisVisible-WhenEnabled,thepilotisvisibleinsidethecockpitintheexternalview.WhenDisabled,pilotisnotvisibleinsidethecockpitintheexternalview.

PilotShades-WhenEnabled,thepilotiswearingsunglassesintheexternalview.WhenDisabled,thepiisnotwearingsunglassesintheexternalview.

Co-PilotisVisible-WhenEnabled,theco-pilotisvisibleinsidethecockpitintheexternalview.WhenDisabtheco-pilotisnotvisibleinsidethecockpitintheexternalview.

Co-PilotShades-WhenEnabled,theco-pilotiswearingsunglassesintheexternalview.WhenDisabtheco-pilotisnotwearingsunglassesintheexternalview.

aUxIlIaRy contRol panel

TheAuxiliaryControlPanelallowstheusertochangedifferentoptionsrelatedtotheaircraft.Inaddition,aircervicesandtheaircraftQuickReferenceGuidearealsoaccessedthroughtheAuxiliaryControlPanel.

TheAuxiliaryControlPanelcanbeaccessedanytimetheCessna177BCardinalIIisloadedintoFlightSimulaegardlessofthecurrentview.Forexample,youcanopentheAuxiliaryControlPanelwhentheVirtualCockpitvisActiveorwhentheExternalviewisActive.

ToOpentheAuxiliaryControlPanel,press'Shift+2'.

ToClosetheAuxiliaryControlPanel,eitherpress'Shift+2'asecondtimeorclicktheRed'X'intheupperrightcorn

TheoptionsthatcanbechosenwithintheAuxiliaryControlPanelareseparatedintotabs-Pilot&Co-Pilot,VirCockpit,Exterior,Fuel&ServiceandQuickReference.Clickingonatabwilldisplaytheoptionsavailablewhatgroup.Whenanoptionhasacheckmarkdisplayed,thatoptionisEnabled.Ifthereisnocheckmarknexanoption,thatoptionisDisabled.ClicktheselectionboxwithyourmousetoEnableorDisableanoption.

TheAuxiliaryControlPanelcanalsobeaccessedbychoosingtheViews|InstrumentPanel|AuxiliaryConPaneloptionfromtheFlightSimulatorMenuBarorbyclickingontheN-numberplacardontheinstrumentpan

AuXiliAryControlPAneloverview

oPeninGAndClosinGtheAuXiliAryControlPAnel

AuXiliAryControlPAnelFunCtions

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Fuel & Service:

CallFuelTruck-Whenpressed,initiatesthedefaultFlightSimulatorfueltrucktocometoyouraircraftrefueling.NotallFlightSimulatorairportsfeatureafueltruck.


Exterior:

LeftDoorOpen-WhenEnabled,openstheleftcabindoor.WhenDisabled,closestheleftcabindoor.

RightDoorOpen-WhenEnabled,openstherightcabindoor.WhenDisabled,closestherightcabind

BaggageDoorOpen-WhenEnabled,opensthebaggagedoorontheleftsideoftheaircraft.WhenDisabclosesthebaggagedoor.

WheelsChocked*-WhenEnabled,displaysthemaingearwheelchocks.WhenDisabled,removesmaingearwheelchocks.

PitotCover*-WhenEnabled,displaysthepitotcoveroverthepitottube.WhenDisabled,removesthepcoverfromthepitottube.

EngineInletCovers*-WhenEnabled,displaystheengineintakecoversinsidetheengineintakes.WhDisabled,removestheengineintakecoversfrominsidetheengineintakes.

CabinSunReflector*-WhenEnabled,displaysthecabinsun reflector insidethewindshield.WDisabled,removesthecabinsunreflectorfrominsidethewindshield.

*ThefollowingoptionscanONLYbeEnabledwhentheengineisOFF-WheelsChocked,PitotCover,EngInletCoversandCabinSunReflector.TheseoptionscannotbeEnablediftheengineisrunning.

AuXiliAryControlPAnelFunCtions, Continued....

Virtual Cockpit:

2XFlight1GNS430-WhenEnabled,thestockdualGNS430swillbeinstalledintotheradiostack.

1XRXPGNS430-WhenEnabled,oneRealityXPGNS430willbeinstalledintothetopoftheradiostackathestockGNS430willremaininthebottomoftheradiostack*.AlsoreplacestheaudiopanelandtransponwithRealityXPunits.

2XRXPGNS430-WhenEnabled,twoRealityXPGNS430swillbeinstalledintotheradiostack,replacingtwostockGNS430s**.AlsoreplacestheaudiopanelandtransponderwithRealityXPunits.

RequiresthatasingleRealityXPGNS430gaugepackbepurchasedseparatelyandinstalled.

*RequiresthattheRealityXPUltimateExpansionPackbepurchasedseparatelyandinstalled.

WhenyouselectadifferentVirtualCockpitconfiguration,theaircraftwillautomaticallyreload,soi

recommendedthatyouchoosethedesiredconfigurationontheground,priortosettingupaflight.Inadditiobecausetheconfigurationchangeisdirectlywrittentotheaircraft.cfgfile,it'simportantthatWindowsUACdisabledorpermissionsbegiven,otherwisetheconfigurationmaynotchangeasdesired.

Whenthe1XRXPGNS430optionisEnabled,theRealityXPGNS430andstockGNS430willnotsupcross-talkinteraction.InorderforbothGNS430stocross-talk,youmustchooseeitherthe2XFlig

GNS430orthe2XRXPGNS430option**.

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vIRtUal cockpIt

TheVirtualCockpitisanimmersive3Denvironmentthatfeaturesmanydifferentanimationsandmultiplelighoptions,inadditiontothenearfully-clickableinstrumentpanel.Allflightinstruments,switches,etc.,includingtdualGNS430GPSsandotherradiostackfunctionsarecontrolledfromwithintheVirtualCockpit.

PressF9atanytimeonyourkeyboardtodisplaythevirtualcockpit.

UsethestandardFlightSimulatorviewcommandstomovearoundwithintheVirtualCockpit.Usekeystroktomoveyourviewbackandforthandupanddown,andholddownthespacebarwhileyoumoveyourmotopivotyourview.DefaultFlightSimulatorviewcommandscanbefoundbychoosingOptions|SettingControls|Buttons/Keys|ViewsfromtheFlightSimulatorMenuBar.

ThisaircraftisdesignedtobeflownfromwithintheVirtualCockpit. Itdoesn'tincludea 2Dcockpinstrumentpanel.

virtuAlCoCkPitoverview


AuXiliAryControlPAnelFunCtions, Continued....

ReloadAircraft-Whenpressed,clearsanyfailures,refreshesthegauges,thendisplaystheinstrumpanel.ThisisusefulafterinitiatingfailuresfromwithinFlightSimulator.

Quick Reference:

Displaysaircraftreferenceinformation,suchasspecifications,take-offdistances,cruisespeed,etc.

We'veincludeda2Dpop-uppaneloftheradiostack,whichsomeuser'smayfindmoreuser-friendly.

2d rAdiostACkPoP-uPPAnel

ToOpenandClosethe2Dradiostackpop-uppanel,clickaGPSscreenorthetransponderscreen,orpShift+3'.

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Tomakeiteasiertoaccessswitchesandviewgaugesthatarebehindthecontrolyokes,thecontrolyokesbehidden.ClickthebaseofthecontrolyokestoHideorShowthem.

hidinGtheControlyokes

vIRtUal cockpIt

nadditiontothemainVirtualCockpitview,pressing'A'or'Shift-A'onyourkeyboardwillcycleforwardorbackwahroughthefollowingcustomviews:LeftSeatLookLeft>LeftSeatObliqueLeft>LeftSeatObliqueRight>SeatLookRight>RightSeat>RightSeatObliqueLeft>Levers>PilotsSidePanel.

DuetothewayFlightSimulatorviewswork,whenyoucyclethroughtheavailableviews,therewillbeablaview(noVirtualCockpitdisplayed).ToreturntotheVirtualCockpit,pressthe'A'keyor'Shift-A'again.

Two-Position Switches-Fortwo-positionswitches,suchastheautopilotswitch,CDIsourceswitcha

lightingswitches,clickontheswitchtoflipitorrotateit.

Multi-Position Switches-Formulti-positionswitches,suchasthemagnetosswitch,clickineitherdirecenoughtimestomovetheswitchintothedesiredposition.Forexample,toturnthemagnetosswitchfOFFtoSTART,hoveryourmouseovertherightsideoftheswitchandclickfourtimes.

Rotary Knobs-Forrotaryknobs,suchasthemulti-functionknobsontheGNS430GPSortheheadbugcontrolknob,theclick-spotlocationswillvary.Ingeneral,clickontheleftsideoftheknobtorotatcounter-clockwiseandclickontherightsideoftheknobtorotateitclockwise.Youwillnoticethatwhenhoveryourmouseovertheclick-spotsontheseknobs,a'+'or'- 'signwil lappearinthehand,indicathedirectionofswitchtravel,'+'forclockwiseand'-'forcounter-clockwise.

Levers and Wheels-Forleversandwheels,suchasthethrottle,propellerandmixturecontrols,ort

elevatorandruddertrimwheels,usetheclick-and-dragmethodtocontrolthem.ClickandHOLD,tmovethemouseinthedesireddirectionoftravel.

nteractionwithVCfunctions,suchasswitches,knobs,levers,etc.,isdoneusingleftmouseclicksand/orymouse'srotaryknob.Ifafunctioncanbeclickedon,yourmousepointerwillturnintoahandwhenyouhoovertheswitch,knob,lever,etc.

Mostfunctionscanalsobecontrolledusingyourmouse'sscrollwheel.Scrollforwardtorotateaknobtotright,rotateawheelforward,orpushaleverin.Scrollbackwardtorotateaknobtotheleft,rotateawhebackwardorpullaleverout.Usingthescrollwheelisespeciallyconvenientwhenusedwithrotaryknobs.

virtuAlCoCkPitviews

virtuAlCoCkPitinterACtion- CliCk-sPots

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vIRtUal cockpIt

Pilot'sPanelLayout:

Thepilot'spanelfeaturesallthestandardflightinstrumentsandnavigationandsystemsgaugesyouwoexpecttofind,allmountedinanarrangementthatmakesiteasytofindwhatyou'relookingforinaquickaafemanner.

1) AirspeedIndicator

2) AutopilotAnnunciator

3) AttitudeIndicator(ArtificialHorizon)

4) AutopilotOn/OffSwitch

5) CDISourceSwitch

6) N-NumberPlacard-ClicktoOpenAuxiliaryPanel

7) NAV2VORGauge

8) Altimeter

9) RPMIndicator

10) VerticalSpeedIndicator

11) ManifoldPressureGauge

12) FuelGauge(RightTank)

13) OilTemperatureGauge

14) HorizontalSituationIndicator(NAV1)

15) OilPressureGauge

16) FuelGauge(LeftTank)

17) CylinderHeadTemperatureGauge

18) AmperesGauge

19) CarburetorInletTemperatureGauge

20) FuelPressureGauge

21) VacuumSuctionGauge

22) TurnCoordinator

23) StandbyAttitudeIndicator(ArtificialHorizon)

24) Clock

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Theinstrumentpanelconsistsoffivemainsections.Theseincludethepilot'spanel,theleftswitchpanelenginecontrolpanelandrightswitchpanel,theco-pilot'spanelandthecenterpedestal.

instrumentPAnellAyout

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vIRtUal cockpIt

instrumentPAnellAyout, Continued....

4) WingFlapsControlLeverwithPositionIndicator5) GarminGTX327Transponder

6) GarminGMA340AudioPanel

Co-Pilot'sPanelLayout:

Theco-pilot'spanelfeaturestheradiostackandthewingflapscontrollever.TheradiostackincludesanS-

55Xautopilot,twoGarminGNS430GPSs,aGarminGMA340audiopanelandaGarminGTX327transponde

1) S-TEC55XAutopilot2) GarminGNS430(GPS1)

3) GarminGNS430(GPS2)

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CenterPedestalLayout:

1) RudderTrimWheel

2) FuelSelectorValveHandle

The center pedestal features the rudder trim wheel. In additmountedonthefloornearthebaseofthecenterpedestal,istheselectorvalvehandle.

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vIRtUal cockpIt

nadditiontothestandardanimations,suchasknobs,switches,levers,controlyokes,rudderpedals,etc.,tectionliststheothercustomuser-controlledanimationsthatareavailableintheVirtualCockpit.

SunVisors-Clickoneachsunvisortoraiseorlowerthem.

VentWindows-Clicktheventwindowhandlestoopenorcloseeitherventwindow.CabinDoors-Clickthedoorhandlestoopenorcloseeithercabindoor.

virtuAlCoCkPitAnimAtions

pIlot's panel - flIght InstRUments

Thissectionprovidesinformationabouttheaircraft'sflightinstruments.Manyofthestandardflightinstrumgaugesyouwouldexpecttofindaremountedinanarrangementthatmakesiteasytofindwhatyou'relooorinaquickandsafemanner.

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FliGhtinstrumentsoverview

1)WING INDICATOR ADJUSTMENT KNOB-Thisknobisusedtoadjustthewingindicatortoalignwithhorizonbar.Thisallowsadjustmenttotheheightofthepilot.Preferably,theadjustmentshouldbemwhenlevelontheground,priortotakeoff.Turningtheknobtotherightraisesthewingindicatorandturntheknobtotheleftlowersthewingindicator.InFlightSimulator,bothadjustmentknobsaresyncedtogethAdjustingoneautomaticallyadjuststheother.

FliGhtinstrumentsCliCk-sPotsAndFunCtions

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2) HORIZON BAR-Separatesthetop(sky)andbottom(ground)halvesoftheattitudeindicatorball.Whthehorizonbarmovesdown,theaircraftispitchingupandwhenthehorizonbarmovesup,theaircrapitchingdown.Hashmarksbothaboveandbelowthehorizonbarareprintedat10and20.

3) BANK INDICATOR-Thebankindicatorisusedinconjunctionwiththebankanglehashmarkstodetermthecurrentbankangleoftheaircraft.Bankanglehashmarksareprintedstartingin10incrementfollows:10,20,30,45and90.

4) WING INDICATOR-Indicatesthecurrentpositionoftheaircraft'swing.Thispartoftheinstrumentisstationandisalwaysparallelwiththewingoftheaircraft.

5) AIRSPEED SCALE-Indicatestheaircraft'scurrentspeedinknots.Thecoloredbandsindicatetheaircraairspeedrangesasfollows:RedLine(MaximumSpeed),YellowBand(HighCruiseCautionRange),GreBand(NormalOperatingRange),WhiteBand(FullWingFlapOperatingRange).

6) MPH SCALE-Indicatestheaircraft'scurrentspeedinmilesperhour.

7) BAROMETER ADJUSTMENT KNOB-Thisknobisusedtoadjustthebarometersettingtomatchthecurlocalaltimetersetting.Turningtheknobtotherightincreasesthebarometervalueandturningtheknobtheleftdecreasesthebarometervalue.

8) MILLIBARS KOLLSMAN WINDOW-Displaysthebarometricscaleinmillibars.Thescalecanbeadjusted

turningthebarometeradjustmentknobtomatchthecurrentlocalaltimetersetting.

9) CROSSHATCH FLAG-Indicatesthattheaircraftisbeloworabove10,000feet.Whentheaircraftisbe10,000feet,thecrosshatchflagisvisible.Thecrosshatchflagwillslowlydisappearastheaircraftclimbsaapproaches10,000feet.Over10,000feet,thecrosshatchflagwillnolongerbevisible.

10) HG KOLLSMAN WINDOW-DisplaysthebarometricscaleinInchesofMercury(Hg).Thescalecanadjustedbyturningthebarometeradjustmentknobtomatchthecurrentlocalaltimetersetting.

11) OBS ADJUSTMENT KNOB-UsedtoadjusttheVOR2compassring.Turntheknobtotherighttorotthecompassringcounter-clockwiseandturntheknobtothelefttorotatethecompassringclockwise.TcompassringisgenerallysettotheVORradialcourseasindicatedbytheyellowtriangleatthetopofthega

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FliGhtinstrumentsCliCk-sPotsAndFunCtions, Continued....

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12) GLIDESLOPE DEVIATION INDICATOR NAV2-Indicateswhethertheaircrafthasdeviatedaboveorbeitsintendedglideslopepath.Whenthedeviationindicatorisabovethecenterline,thisindicatestheaircisbelowtheglideslopeandwhenthedeviationindicatorisbelowthecenterline,thisindicatestheaircrafabovetheglideslope.

13) TO/FROM INDICATOR NAV2-IndicatesthecurrentpositionoftheaircraftrelativetotheNAV2navigasource.Whenthetriangleispointedup,theaircrafthasnotyetreachedthenavigationsource(TO).Wthetriangleispointeddown,theaircrafthaspassedthenavigationsource(FROM).

14) SOURCE INDICATOR FLAG NAV2-IndicateswhethertheNAV2navigationsourceisActiveornot.AredindicatesInactiveandnoflagindicatesActive.

15) LATERAL DEVIATION INDICATOR NAV2-Indicateswhethertheaircrafthasdeviatedrightorleftofselectedcourse.Whenthedeviationindicatorisleftthecenterline,thisindicatestheaircraftisrightofselectedcourseandwhenthedeviationindicatorisrightofthecenterline,thisindicatestheaircraftislefttheselectedcourse.

16) GLIDESLOPE DEVIATION INDICATOR NAV1-Indicateswhethertheaircrafthasdeviatedaboveorbeitsintendedglideslopepath.ThisindicatorispresentonlywhenavalidNAV1approachfrequencyistuandActive.Whenthetriangleisabovethecenterline,thisindicatestheaircraftisbelowtheglideslopewhenthetriangleisbelowthecenterline,thisindicatestheaircraftisabovetheglideslope.

17) HEADING ADJUSTMENT KNOB-Usedtoadjusttheheadingbug.Turningtheknobtotherightrotatesheadingbugclockwiseandturningtheknobtotheleftrotatestheheadingbugcounter-clockwise.

18) TO/FROM INDICATOR NAV1-IndicatesthecurrentpositionoftheaircraftrelativetotheNAV1navigasource.Whenthetriangleispointedup,theaircrafthasnotyetreachedthenavigationsource(TO).Wthetriangleispointeddown,theaircrafthaspassedthenavigationsource(FROM).

19) LATERAL DEVIATION INDICATOR NAV1-Indicateswhethertheaircrafthasdeviatedrightorleftofselectedcourse.Whenthedeviationindicatorisleftthecenterline,thisindicatestheaircraftisrightofselectedcourseandwhenthedeviationindicatorisrightofthecenterline,thisindicatestheaircraftislefttheselectedcourse.



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20) COURSE ADJUSTMENT KNOB-Usedtoadjustthecoursepointer.Turningtheknobtotherightrotthecoursepointerclockwiseandturningtheknobtotheleftrotatesthecoursepointercounter-clockwWhenaVORorILSfrequencyistunedtoNAV1andtheHSICDIswitchissettoNAV,thecoursepoishouldbeadjustedtomatchthedesiredcourseradial.WhentheHSICDIswitchissettoGPS,thecoupointershouldbeadjustedtomatchthecurrentGPScourselegheading.

21) HEADING BUG-Theheadingbugisusedforheadingselectmodelateralnavigationwiththeautopilotheitcanbeusedasaheadingreferencewhenyou'renotusingtheautopilot.Theheadingbutisadjus

usingtheheadingadjustmentknob.22) SLIP/SKID INDICATOR-Theturncoordinatorfeaturesaslip/skidindicatorballwhichindicateswhether

aircraftisslipping,skiddingorinbalancedflight.Whentheballiscentered,theaircraftisinbalancedflWhentheballisontheinside(wingdownside)ofaturn,theaircraftisslipping.Whentheballisonoutside(wingupside)ofaturn,theaircraftisskidding.Therudderisusedtokeeptheballcentered.

23) TURN COORDINATOR-Indicatestheaircraft'scurrentturnrate.'L'and'R'hash-marksindicateRightaLeftstandardturnrates.Astandardturnmeanstheaircraftwillcompletea360turnin2minutes.



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pIlot's panel - engIne anD systems gaUges

Thissectionprovidesinformationabouttheaircraft'sengineandsystemsgauges.Thesegaugesaremounteanarrangementthatmakesiteasytofindwhatyou'relookingforinaquickandsafemanner.Whileallgauareimportant,thegaugesmainlyusedduringflightaretheRPMgauge,themanifoldpressuregaugeanduelgauges.

Mostgaugesfeaturecoloredbandstoindicatedifferentoperatingranges.Redlinesindicatethemaximumminimumoperatingvalue.Greenbandsindicatethenormaloperatingrangeandyellowbandsindicatecautionaryoperatingrange.Operatingwithindicationsintheredrangeisprohibited.Operatingwithindicatntheyellowrangeshouldbeavoided.

enGineAndsystemsGAuGesoverview

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Remember,tomakeiteasiertoreadthelowerengineandsystemgauges,clickthebaseof theconyoketohideit.

1) RPM SCALE-IndicatesthecurrentpropellerRPMinRPMx100.

2) HOBBS METER-Recordsanddisplaysengineoperatingtime(inhours).

3) MANIFOLD PRESSURE-IndicatesthecurrentenginemanifoldpressureinInHgfrom10to50InHg.

4) OIL TEMP-IndicatesthecurrentengineoiltemperatureinCelciusfrom0to245C.

5) L.FUEL/R.FUEL-IndicatestheamountoffuelfromE(Empty)toF(Full)intheleftandrightwingfueltan

6) OIL PRESS-IndicatesthecurrentengineoilpressureinPSIfrom0to100PSI.

7) AMPERES-IndicatesthecurrentDIS/CHG(Discharge/Charge)statusoftheaircraft'sbattery.

8) CYL HEAD TEMP-Indicatestheengine'scurrentcylinderheadtemperatureinCelciusfrom200to500

9) CARB TEMP-Indicatestheengine'scurrentcarburetortemperatureinCelciusfrom-20to20C.

10) SUCTION-Indicatesthecurrentvacuumsuctionpressure.Ifavacuumfailureoccurs,anyvacuumgaugsuchastheAttitudeIndicator,willceasetofunction.Torestorevacuumgaugeoperation,pulltheStanVacuumcontrolknobON.

11) FUEL PRESS-IndicatesthecurrentfuelpressureinPSIfrom0to10PSI.Fuelpressureshouldstayrelativstablewiththenormaloperatingrange,however,fuelpressurecanbeincreasedinspecificsituationsturningtheFuelPumpON.

12) CLOCK-Displaysthecurrentsimulatortimeina12hourformat.Theclockfeaturesasweepsecondhthatcanbeusedasavisualtimerforuseduringprocedureturns,etc.

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pIlot's panel - engIne anD systems gaUges

enGineAndsystemsGAuGesoverview, Continued....

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WhenthemagnetosswitchismovedtotheSTARTpositionduringenginestart,thenreleased,itautomaticallyreturntotheBOTHposition.

swItch panels, engIne contRol panel anD centeR peDestal

Theleftswitchpanelisinstalledbelowthepilot'spaneltotheleftofthecenterpedestal.Itconsistsofmasterswitch,themagnetosswitch,theavionicsmasterswitch,theinteriorandexteriorlightingswitches,parkingbrake,thefuelcutoffcontrolknob,theelevatortrimwheelandmore.RockerswitchesareONinthepositionandOFFinthedownposition.

1) PRIMER-Theprimercontrolknoboperatestheengineprimer.Theengineshouldbeprimedpriortoastart.It'snotnecessarytoprimeawarmengine.Inwarmweather,primetheenginewithoneortwostro

andincoldweather,primetheenginewithsixstrokes.

2) MASTER ALT-Controlstheaircraft'salternatorsystem.WhenintheONposition,electricalpowerisdelivefromthealternator.WhenintheOFFposition,electricalpowerisprovidedbythebattery.ThisswitchshobeleftintheALTposition,exceptduringshutdownandstartupprocedures.

3) MASTER BAT-Controlstheaircraft'sbatterysystem.ThisswitchshouldbeleftintheBATposition,exceduringshutdownandstartupprocedures.

4) FUEL PUMP-Controlstheauxiliaryfuelpump.Theauxiliaryfuelpumpiselectrically-drivenandisuseenginedrivenfuelpumppressureshouldfallbelow2PSI

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Itisnotnecessarytooperatetheauxiliaryfuelpumpduringnormaltakeoffandlanding,sincegravityandengine-drivenfuelpumpwillsupplyadequatefuelflow.

5) MAGNETOS -Themagnetosand the startermotorare controlledbythemagnetosswitch. Theengshouldbeoperatedonbothmagnetos(BOTHposition)exceptduringmagnetochecks(seenextpagemoreinformation).Themagnetosswitchfeaturesfivepositions-OFF,R,L,BOTHandSTART.TheRanpositionsareusedformagnetochecks.Tocontrolthemagnetosswitch,clicktheleft-sideclickspottoturnmagnetosswitchleftandclicktheright-sideclick-spottoturnthemagnetosswitchright.Oneclickwillmovemagnetosswitchonestepinthedesireddirection.

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leFtswitChPAneloverview

leFtswitChPAnelCliCk-sPotsAndFunCtions

Thissectiondetailsthefunctionsofthevariouscontrolsthataremountedontheleftswitchpanel,theengicontrolpanel,therightswitchpanelandthecenterpedestal.

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6) INSTRUMENT LIGHTS-Controlstheinstrumentpanel'sgaugebacklighting.

7) PANEL FLOOD LIGHTS-Controlstheinstrumentpanelfloodlights.

8) AVIONICS MASTER-Controlstheaircraft'savionicsbus.WhenON,powerissuppliedtotheavionicsb

whichpowerstheaircraft'savionics,suchastheautopilot,GPSs,audiopanelandtransponder.TheavionbusswitchshouldbeplacedintheOFFpositionbeforeturningtheMASTERswitchONorOFF,orbestartingtheengine.

9) PITOT HEAT-Controlsthepitotheatsystem.PitotheatshouldbeturnedONiferroneousinstrumentreadaresuspectedduetoicingconditions.

Pitotheatshouldnotbeusedforprolongedperiodsundernon-icingconditionsastheheatingelementmoverheatandbedamaged.ThisaircraftshouldNOTbeflownintoknowicingconditions.

10) EXTERIOR LIGHTS-Controlstheaircraft'sexteriorlights.

NAV-Controlsthenavigationlights.ThenavigationlightsaregenerallyturnedONafterenginestart.

BCN-Controlsthebeaconontopofthetail.ThebeaconlightisgenerallyturnedONpriortoengines

STROBE-Controlsthestrobelights.ThestrobelightsaregenerallyturnedONwhenturningontotherunw

TAXI-Controlsthetaxilight.ThetaxilightisgenerallyturnedONpriortotaxiandleftONduringflightenhancedvisibilityoftheaircraft.

LDG-Controlsthelandinglight.ThelandinglightisgenerallyturnedONwhenturningontotherunwthenturnedOFFshortlyaftertakeoff.ItisthenturnedONpriortolanding.

11) AVIONICS LIGHTS-Controlstheradiostackbacklighting.

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Amagnetoscheckisusuallydoneinthedesignatedrun-uparea.Withtheparkingbrakeset,increasepowto1800RPM.TurnthemagnetosswitchtoR.YoushouldnoticeaslightdropinRPM.Turnthemagnetosswitch

BOTHandtheRPMshouldincreasebackto1800RPM.NowturnthemagnetosswitchtoL.Again,youshounoticeaslightdropinRPM.TurnthemagnetosswitchtoBOTHandtheRPMshouldincreasebackto18RPMoncemore.Thiscompletesthemagnetoscheck.


leFtswitChPAnelCliCk-sPotsAndFunCtions, Continued....

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Theenginecontrolpanelisinstalleddirectlyabovethecenterpedestal,betweentheleftandrightswpanels,andfeaturesthecarburetorheat,throttle,propellerandmixturecontrolknobs.Therightswitchpaslocatedbelowtheco-pilot'spanelandfeaturesthecabincontrolknobs,inadditiontothestandbyvacuucontrolknob.

enGineControlPAnelAndriGhtswitChPAneloverview

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12) ELEVATOR TRIM WHEEL-Theelevatortrimwheelisusedtomanuallyadjustelevatortrimduringfltoneutralizecontrolyokeforces.MovethetrimwheelforwardtotrimthenoseDOWNandmovethetr

wheelbackwardtotrimthenoseUP.

13) DOME LIGHTS-Controlstheaircraft'soverheaddomelight.

14) PARK BRAKE-Controlstheparkingbrake.Itisusedtohelppreventtheaircraftfromrolling,eitherwparked,or ifdesired,duringthemagnetoscheck/enginerun-uptestpriortotakeoff.PullOUTtoeng(handlehorizontal)andpushINtorelease(handlevertical).

15) FUEL CUTOFF-Controlstheflowoffueltotheengine.PullOUTtoClosethefuelshutoffvalveandpustoOpenthefuelshutoffvalve.WhenpulledOUTfuelcannotflowtotheengineandtheenginewillnotsorrun.

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leFtswitChPAnelCliCk-sPotsAndFunCtions, Continued....

enGineControlPAnelAndriGhtswitChPAnelCliCk-sPotsAndFunCtions

1) CARB HEAT-Controlsthecarburetorheatfunction.WhenpulledON,anyaccumulatedcarburetoricewilremoved.

Afterstartingtheengine,avoidtheuseofcarburetorheatunlessicingconditionsprevail.NEVERflyintoknowicingconditions.

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enGineControlPAnelAndriGhtswitChPAnelCliCk-sPotsAndFunCtions, Continued....

2) THROTTLE-Thethrottlecontrolknobcontrolstheengine'smanifoldpressure.PushthethrottlecontrolknobINincreasethrottleandpullthethrottlecontrolknobOUTtodecreasethrottle.Themanifoldpressuregaugedisptheengine'scurrentmanifoldpressureinInHg.

3) PROP RPM-Thepropellercontrolknobcontrolstheengine'sspeedbychangingthepitchofthepropePushthepropellercontrolknobINtodecreasepropellerpitchandincreaseRPM.PullthepropellerconknobOUTtoincreasepropellerpitchanddecreaseRPM.TheRPMgaugedisplaysthecurrentpropellerR

4) MIXTURE-Themixturecontrolknobcontrolsfuelflowtotheengine.PushthemixturecontrolknobINtorichthemixtureandpullthemixturecontrolknobOUTtoleanthemixture.

Forgeneralinformationaboutwheretosetthethrottle,propellerandmixturesettingsfordifferentphasesofflighseethePerformanceChartsonpages44through57.

5) DEFROSTER-Thedefrostercontrolknobcontrolsthewindshielddefroster.Windshielddefrostairissuppbyductsfromthecabinmanifoldoutletontopoftheglareshield.

6) STBY VAC-Thestandbyvacuumcontrolknobisusedtoprovideastandbyvacuumsourceintheeventtthevacuumsystemfailsforanyreason.Thesuctiongaugeshouldbecheckedregularlyduringflightensuretheneedledoesnotfalloutofthegreenband.

Thecenterpedestalfeaturestheruddertrimwheel.Inaddition,mountedonthefloornearthebaseofthecenpedestal,isthefuelselectorvalvehandle.

CenterPedestAloverview

7) CABIN AIR/HEAT-Controlsthecabinheatingandventilatingsystem.WhenpulledON,warmairfromarotheengine'sexhaustheatshroudisductedintothecabin.WhenpushedOFF,preheatedairisredirecteditheenginecompartment.

Ifthevacuumsystemfails,pullthestandbyvacuumcontrolknobOUTtorestoreoperationofvacuum-controlgauges,otherwisethevacuumcontrolknobshouldbepushedINallothertimes.

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CenterPedestAlCliCk-sPotsAndFunCtions


1) RUDDER TRIM WHEEL -The rudder trimwheel is usedmanually adjust rudder trim during flight to neutra

rudderpedalforces.MovethetrimwheelrighttotrimthenRIGHT andmove the trimwheel left to trim the noseLRuddertrimisgenerallyusedduringthecruiseanddescphasesofflighttokeepthenosestraight.

2) FUEL SELECTOR HANDLE -The fuel selectorhandlethree-position selector valve with RIGHT, BOTH ONLEFTpositions.When set toBOTH, fuel is drawnfrombwingtanksequally.WhensettoRIGHT,fuelisdrawnonlyftherightwingtankandwhensettoLEFT,fuelisdrawnofromtheleftwingtank.

ToreducetheexaggeratedfuelimbalancescausedbyFligSimulator,werecommendleavingthefuelselectorintheBOTONposition.

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co-pIlot's panel anD RaDIo stack

Thissectionprovidesinformationabouttheco-pilot'spanelandtheradiostack.Theco-pilot'spanel featuheradiostackandthewingflapscontrollever.TheradiostackincludesanS-TEC55Xautopilot,twoGar

GNS430GPSs,aGarminGMA340audiopanelandaGarminGTX327transponder.

Co-Pilot'sPAnelAndrAdiostACkoverview

winGFlAPsControlleverCliCk-sPotsAndFunCtions

Forinformationaboutusingtheautopilot,seetheAutopilotsectiononpages33through35.

ForinformationaboutusingtheGarminGNS340GPSs,seetheseparateGNS430GPSUser'sGuideinstalwiththissoftware.It'slocatedintheFlightOneSoftware/177CardinalfolderinyourStartMenu.

Thewingflapsareelectric-poweredandareextendedandretractedusingthewingflapscontrollever.Thewapscontrolleverfeaturesfivepositions:0,10,15,20and30.Apositionindicatortotheleftofthele

ndicatesthecurrentwingflapsposition.

1) POSITION POINTER-Thepositionpointerindicatesthecurrentpositofthewingflaps,either0(FullUp),10,15,20or30(FullDown).

2) WING FLAPS CONTROL LEVER-ControlsthepositionofthewingflLowerthecontrollevertolowerthewingflapsandraisethecontrolletoraisetheflaps.

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AGarminGMA340audiopanelisinstalledintheradiostack,directlyabovethetransponder.Itfeaturesamarkbeaconreceiverandcontrolsforselectingandmanagingdifferentaudiosources,includingtwoCOMreceiveandtwoNAVreceivers.

AudioPAneloverview

AudioPAnelCliCk-sPotsAndFunCtions

InordertohearCOMaudioandNAVidentaudio,avalidfrequencymustbetunedandtheaircraftmustwithinreceivingrange.

1) MARKER BEACON LAMPS-Themarkerbeaconlampswillilluminatewhenpassingoveramarkerbeatoindicatetheaircraft'slateralpositionontherunwayapproach.Unlessmuted,audiblesoundswillalsobehe

2) ON/OFF-PresstoturntheaudiopanelOFFandON.

3) MKR MUTE-PresstoturnaudiblemarkerbeaconsoundsONandOFF.Whenpassingoveramarkerbeatoindicatetheaircraft'slateralpositionontherunwayapproach,audiblesoundswillbeheard.

Theaudiopanelfunctionsarecontrolledusingthevariousfunctionkeys.AgreenannunciatorindicateshecurrentfunctionisActive.

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4) COM1-PresstoturnCOM1audioOFFandON.

5) COM2-PresstoturnCOM2audioOFFandON.

6) NAV1-PresstoturnNAV1receiveridentaudioONandOFF.

7) NAV2-PresstoturnNAV2receiveridentaudioONandOFF.

8) TEST-Pressandholdtotestthefunctionannunciatorstoensureallannunciatorsilluminate.ReleaseTESTkeytoextinguishInactiveannunciators.

9) COM 1/2-PressthehearbothCOM1andCOM2audiosimultaneously.

WhentheMKRMUTEannunciatorisilluminated,markerbeaconsoundswillbeheard.Tomutemarkbeaconsounds,presstheMKRMUTEkeytoextinguishtheannunciator.

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TheGarminGTX327transponderprovidesaltitudeandlocationreportingfunctions,inaddition toapressaltitudedisplay,aflighttimedisplay,analtitudemonitor,outsideairtemperatureanddensityaltitudedisplacountuptimerandacountdowntimer.

TheGTX327iscapableofbothModeAandModeCoperationandautomaticallyswitchesbetweenALTGNDmodeswhenyoutakeoffandland.

trAnsPonderoverview

trAnsPonderCliCk-sPotsAndFunCtions

ThedifferentfeaturesincludedintheGarminGTX327transponderarecontrolledbypressingthevariouskeForexample,pressingtheFUNCkeywillallowyoutochoosefunctionssuchasthecountuptimerandaltitmonitor.Transpondercodesarefastandeasytoinputusingthenumericalkeys.

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1) VFR-Presstosetthetranspondercodeto1200.Whenpressedagain,thepreviouscodeisrestored.

2) IDENT-PresstoactivatetheSpecialPositionIdentificationpulse,identifyingthetransponderreturnfothersontheairtrafficcontroller'sscreen.

3) STBY-Presstoplacethetransponderinstandbymode.Instandbymode,theReplyIndicator(R)wextinguishandthetransponderwilldisplaythelastactiveidentificationcode.

4) ON-PresstoturnthetransponderON.ThePowerOnSelfTestscreenstaysvisiblefor5secondsafterturthetransponderON.Duringthistimenootherkeysonthetransponderwillfunction.

5) ALT-PresstoswitchbetweenModeAonlyandModeAandC.AltitudeinformationinFlightSimulatorisgautomatically,regardlessofthetranspondermodetypeselected.

6)OFF-PresstoturnthetransponderOFF.

7) DISPLAY-WhenpoweredON,displaysthecurrentstatus,identificationcodeandfunctionselected.

8) FUNC-Presstoswitchbetweenthevariousfunctionsthatthetranspondersupports.ThefollowingfunctioareavailablebypressingtheFUNCkey:

Pressure Altitude-Displaysthepressurealtitudeinhundredsoffeet.

AltitudeinformationinFlightSimulatorisgivenautomatically,regardlessofthetranspondermodetyselected.

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trAnsPonderCliCk-sPotsAndFunCtions, Continued....

Flight Time-Automaticallyrecordstheaircraft'scurrentflighttimeinhours,minutesandseconds.Ttimerstartswhenyouliftoffandstopswhenyoutouchdown.

FlightTimeisaccumulatedregardlessofthenumberoftake-offsandlandingsperFlightSimulasession.ToresettheFlightTime,turnthetransponderOFF,thenbackON.

Altitude Monitor-Displayswhetheryouareaboveorbelowthealtitudeselectedbypressingthenumbornumber9numericalkeys.Analtitudevaluebetween100feetand900feetin100footincrementsbeselected.ThealtitudemonitorwilldisplayyourpositioneitherABOVEorBELOWtheselectedaltitu

OAT/Density Altitude-DisplaysthecurrentoutsideairtemperatureinCandthecurrentdensityaltitu

Count Up Timer-Usedtocountupfrom00:00:00(hours,minutesandseconds).Tostartandstop

CountUpTimer,presstheSTART/STOPkey.PresstheCLRkeytoresetthetimerto00:00:00.Count Down Timer-Usedtocountdownfromapresettime(hours,minutesandseconds).RepeatpresstheCRSRkeytohighlightthedesiredfield,thenenterthedesireddigitusingthenumericalkRepeattoentertheremainingdigits.Forexample,tocountdownfromtenminutes,presstheCRSRandusethenumericalkeystoenter00:10:00.TostartandstoptheCountDownTimer,pressSTART/STOPkey.PresstheCLRkeytoresetthetimerto00:00:00.WhentheCountDownTimerreac00:00:00,EXPIREDwillbedisplayedandtheCountDownTimerwillbegintocountup.

9) CRSR-Presstocanceltranspondercodeentrypriortoenteringthelastdigit.

10) CLR-Presstomovethecodeentrycursorbackonedigitduringcodeentry.IfthecursorisreturnedtofirstcodedigitandtheCLRkeyispressedagain,codeentryiscancelledcompletely.Inaddition,press

resetthecountupandcountdowntimersto00:00:00.

Thecountupandcountdowntimersmustbestoppedpriortoresettingthemto00:00:00.

11) START/STOP-Presstostartandstopthecountupandcountdowntimers.

12) NUMERICAL KEYS -Pressnumericalkeys0to7 toenter transpondercodes.Whenanumerical kepressed,thenumberwillbeinputandthecursorwillmoveonedigittotheright.Afterthelastnumbeentered,thetranspondercodewillbeactive.Pressnumericalkeys8and9todecreaseorincreasethealtitumonitorin100footincrementswhenusingthealtitudemonitorfunction.Thenumericalkeysarealsoutoinputacountdowntime.

8 9

10

11

12




aUtopIlot

TheS-TEC55Xautopilot,mountedatthetopoftheradiostack,providesautomatedlateralandverticalaircightcontrol.ThesystemconsistsoftheS-TEC55Xautopilot,anautopilotannunciatorpanelmountedaboveAttitudeIndicator,anautopilotON/OFFswitchandaCDIsourceswitch.

Operationconsistsofpressingthedesiredmodeselectorkey,causingtheappropriateannunciatortoilluminaTherollcomputerreceivessignalinputsfromtheHSIlateraldeviationindicatorandtheturncoordinatocomputesrollservocommandsforturns,radiointerceptsandtracking.Thepitchcomputerreceivessignputsfromthealtitudepressuretransducer,glideslopedeviationindicatorandverticalspeedselector.Itcomputpitchservocommandsforverticalspeed,altitudeholdandglideslopeinterceptandtracking.

AutoPilotoverview

1) TEST-Pressandholdtotestthemodeannunciatorstoensureallannunciatorsilluminate.ReleasetheTE

buttontoextinguishInactiveannunciators.

2) AUTOPILOT ANNUNCIATOR-DisplayswhethertheautopilotisturnedONorOFFanddisplaysthecurAcitveautopilotmodeinGreen.WhentheautopilotisturnedON,APwillbedisplayedinWhite.

3) AUTOPILOT ON/OFF SWITCH-TurnstheautopilotONandOFF.Theautopilotcanalsobeturnedbypressingamodeselectorkeyontheautopilot.

4) CDI SOURCE SWITCH-SwitchesthenavigationsourcebetweenNAVandGPS.WhenNAVisselecttheautopilotwillbedrivenbytheNAV1source(VOR,LOC,etc.).WhenGPSisselected,theautopilotwidrivenbytheGPS(GPSSteering).

5) S-TEC 55X AUTOPILOT-Providesautomatedlateralandverticalaircraftflightcontrol.

2 3 4 51

AutoPilothorizontAlAndvertiCAlmodes

TheS-TEC55Xautopilotprovidesautomatedlateralandverticalaircraftflightcontrol.Thefollowinglateralverticalmodesaresupported:

TheseLateralmodesaresupported:

HeadingSelect(HDG)

Navigation-(GPSS)/(VOR)/(LOC)/(BC)

Approach-(VOR)/(LOC)

TheseVerticalmodesaresupported:

AltitudeHold(ALT)

VerticalSpeed(VS)

Glideslope(GS)

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AutoPilotCliCk-sPotsAndFunCtions

aUtopIlot

TheautopilotiscontrolledusingthemodeselectorkeysalongthebottomandtheDECR/INCRrotaryknobherightside.TheautopilotstatusscreenindicatesthestatusofActiveandArmedflightmodes.

DonotEngagetheautopilotwhileontheground.Inadditiontobeingincorrectoperation,FlightSimulafeaturesabugthatmovestheelevatorpitchtrimtooneextremeresultinginelevatortrimproblems.

31 2 4

1) HDG-PresstheHDGkeytoEngageorDisengageHeadingSelectmode.HDGmodeisalateralmodecommandstheaircrafttoflythecurrentheadingindicatedbytheHeadingBugontheHSI.

2) NAV-PresstheNAVkeytoEngageorDisengageNavigationmode.NAVmodeisalateralmodetcommandstheaircrafttoflythecurrentVOR,LOCorGPScourse.

VOR/LOC Tracking -To trackaVORradialorthelocalizer,press theNAVkeyonce.TheCDIsou

switchwillswitchtoNAVandNAVwillbedisplayedonboththeautopilotannunciatorandtheautostatusscreen.Whentheaircraft iswithin interceptcapturerange,theaircraftwillturntowardtheVradialorlocalizer,interceptitandfollowit.

GPS Tracking-TotrackaGPScourse,presstheNAVkeytwice.TheCDIsourceswitchwillswitcGPS,NAVwillbedisplayedontheautopilotannunciatorandNAVGPSSwillbedisplayedontheautopstatusscreen.TheaircraftwillturntowardtheGPSflightpath,interceptitandfollowit.

ToensurecorrectILStrackingduringapproach,useAPRmode.Inaddition,tofunctioncorrectly,thelocaliinterceptangleshouldbe30orlessandyoumustcapturetheglideslopefrombelow,notabove.

Activeflightmodesaredisplayedontheautopilotstatusscreenassolid.Armedflightmodesaredisplayasflashing.ToclearanActiveorArmedflightmode,pressthatflightmode'skeyagain.

3) AUTOPILOT STATUS SCREEN-Displaysthecurrentstatusof theautopilotandwhichautopilotmodeany,areActive(solid)orArmed(flashing).

4) APR-PresstheAPRkeytoEngageorDisengageApproachmode.APRmodeisbothaverticalandalatmodethatcommandstheaircrafttocaptureandtracktheILSglideslopeonapproach.Theaircraftisableflyfully-coupledILSapproacheswithglideslopetracking.

It'spossibletohavebothHDGmodeandNAVmodeActiveatthesametime.OncetheNAVsourcebecomActive,HDGmodewillautomaticallybedisengaged.Forexample,youcanflyaVORradialinterceptangleHDGmodewithNAVmodeActive(HDGandNAVwillbothbedisplayedontheautopilotstatusscreen)andontheaircraftiswithininterceptrange,HDGmodewillautomaticallybedisengaged,theautopilotwillswitchtoNA

modeandtheaircraftwillturntointercepttheVORradial.

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5) REV-PresstheREVkeytoEngageorDisengageBackcoursemode.Whenselected,backcoursemocapturesandtracksthelocalizerinthebackcoursedirection.

6) ALT-PresstheALTkeytoEngageorDisengageAltitudeHoldmode.ALTmodeisaverticalmodecommandstheaircrafttoholdthecurrentaltitudeatthetimetheselectionismade.

7) VS-PresstheVSkeytoEngageorDisengageVerticalSpeedmode.VSmodeisaverticalmodethcommandstheaircrafttoclimbordescendatthespecificrateselectedusingtheDECR/INCRrotaryknWhileinVSmode,theaircraftwillattempttoholdthecurrentlyselectedVSsettingregardlessofpowerset

AutoPilotCliCk-sPotsAndFunCtions, Continued....

aUtopIlot

WhileinVSmode,it'simportanttowatchyourairspeedcloselytopreventstalling,particularlyathigheraltitudItwillbenecessarytoloweryourverticalspeedathigheraltitudestomaintaintheproperclimbspeed.

8) DECR/INCR ROTARY KNOB-WhileinVSmode,rotatetheDECR/INCRknobtochangetheselectedvertspeed rate in100 foot increments.Rotate theDECR/INCR rotaryknobclockwise to increase theverspeedrateandrotatetheDECR/INCRrotaryknobcounter-clockwisetodecreasetheverticalspeedPositivevalueswillcommandtheaircrafttoclimbandnegativevalueswillcommandtheaircrafttodesce

WhenVSmodeisActive,TRIMsorTRIMt willbedisplayedontheautopilotstatusscreentoindicatetheautopilotpitchtrimservoisoperatingandinwhichdirection.

Thisaircraftdoesnotfeatureanaltitudepreselector.Youmustmanuallyleveloffatthedesiredaltitude,thEngageALTmodetoholdyourcurrentaltitude.

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THIS SPACE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK




MARKING

RedLine

YellowArc

GreenArc

WhiteArc

KIAS VALUE

161

135to161

57to135

49to91

SIGNIFICANCE

MaximumSpeedforallOperations

NormalOperatingRangeinSmoothAirOnly-UseCaution

NormalOperatingRange

FlapOperatingRange(10to30)

lImItatIons

Shownbelowaretheaircraft'sairspeedlimitationsshowninKnots(KIAS).

Thetablebelowshowstheairspeedmarkingsandtheircolorcodesignificance.

EngineManufacturer..........................................................................................................................................................TextronLycom

EngineModelNumber................................................................................................................................................................O-360-A1

MaximumPower.......................................................................................................................................................................................180B

EngineOperatingLimitsforTakeoffandContinuousOperations

MaximumEngineSpeed............................................................................................................................................................2700R

MaximumOilTemperature.......................................................................................................................................................................24

OilPressure,Minimum................................................................................................................................................................................25

OilPressure,Maximum............................................................................................................................................................................100

StallSpeed

Clean(VS)................................................................................................................................................................................................55K

LandingConfiguration(VSO)......................................................................................................................................................... 46K

MaximumFlapExtendedSpeed(VFE)*

Flaps-10.............................................................................................................................................................................................113K

Flaps-10to30................................................................................................................................................................................. 91K

ManeuveringSpeed(VA)**

2500Pounds........................................................................................................................................................................................102K

2100Pounds..........................................................................................................................................................................................93K

1700Pounds..........................................................................................................................................................................................84K

NeverExceedSpeed(VNE)***...........................................................................................................................................................161K

MaximumStructuralCruisingSpeed(VNO)****........................................................................................................................135K

DoNOTexceedthisspeedwithflapsdown.

*DoNOTmakefullorabruptcontrolmovementsabovethisspeed.

**DoNOTexceedthisspeedinanyoperation.

***DoNOTexceedthisspeedexceptinsmoothair,andthenonlywithcaution.

AirsPeedlimitAtions

PowerPlAntlimitAtions

AirsPeedindiCAtormArkinGs

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INSTRUMENT

Tachometer(RPM)

OilTemperature(F)

OilPressure(PSI)

ManifoldPressure(InHg)

CylinderHeadTemperature(F)

FuelQuantity(Gallons)

RED(LOWER WARNING)

____

____

25PSI

____

____

E*

YELLOW(LOWER CAUTION)

1700

____

____

____

____

____

GREEN(NORMAL RANGE)

2100to2700

____

60to90PSI

15to24InHg

200to500F

____

YELLOW(UPPER CAUTION)

1900

____

____

____

____

____

RED(UPPER WARNI

2700

245F

100PSI

____

500F

____

0.5gallonsunusableeachtank.

lImItatIons

Thetablebelowshowsthepowerplantmarkingsandtheircolorcodesignificance.Operatingwithindicationsheredrangeisprohibited.Operatingwithindicationsintheyellowrangeshouldbeavoided.

MaximumTakeoffWeight............................................................................................................................................................2500Pou

MaximumBaggageWeight......................................................................................................................................................... 120Pou

ServiceCeiling...................................................................................................................................................................................... 14,600

ThisaircraftisapprovedunderASTMstandardF2245andis intendedforrecreationalandinstructionalfloperations.Intheacquisitionofvariouspilotcertificatescertainmaneuversarerequiredandthesemaneuvarepermittedinthisaircraft.

Maneuvers and Recommended Entry Speed

Chandelles....................................................................................................................................................................................101K

LazyEights....................................................................................................................................................................................101K SteepTurns..................................................................................................................................................................................101K

Stalls(ExceptWhipStalls)...............................................................................................................................SlowDecelera

Spins(FlapsRetracted).....................................................................................................................................SlowDecelera

FlightLoadFactors(GrossWeight-2500Pounds)

FlapsUP.....................................................................................................................................................................................+3.8gto-1

FlapsDOWN...............................................................................................................................................................................................+

PowerPlAntinstrumentmArkinGs

weiGhtlimitAtions

serviCeCeilinG

mAneuverlimits

loAdFACtors




noRmal pRoceDURes

AlthoughwehavedesignedtheFlight1SoftwareCessna177BCardinalIItoresembleandfunctionascloselypossibletherealaircraft,itisnotdesignedasatrainingdevice.Notallsystemshavebeensimulated,andsoofthosethathavebeensimulatedmaynotbeentirelyfunctionalorsimulatedto100%.AlthoughthesproceduresarederivedfromtheactualCessna177BCardinalIIPilot'sOperatingHandbook,onlyprocedu

thatcanbeaccomplishedinthissimulationarelisted.

Takeoff:

NormalClimb.............................................................................................................................................................................65to75K

ShortFieldTakeoff,Flaps15,Speedat50Feet................................................................................................................. 57K

EnrouteClimb,FlapsUP:

Normal...........................................................................................................................................................................................75to85K

BestRateofClimb,SeaLevel....................................................................................................................................................... 79K

BestRateofClimb,10,000Feet.................................................................................................................................................... 70K

BestAngleofClimb,SeaLevel.................................................................................................................................................... 65K

BestAngleofClimb,10,000Feet.................................................................................................................................................65K

LandingApproach:

NormalApproach,FlapsUP...............................................................................................................................................70to80K

NormalApproach,Flaps30..............................................................................................................................................60to70K

ShortFieldApproach,Flaps30.................................................................................................................................................. 61K

BalkedLanding:

MaximumPower,Flaps20........................................................................................................................................................... 65K

MaximumRecommendedTurbulentAirPenetrationSpeed:

2500Pounds........................................................................................................................................................................................102K

2100Pounds..........................................................................................................................................................................................93K

1700Pounds..........................................................................................................................................................................................84K

MaximumDemonstratedCrosswindVelocity:

TakeofforLanding.............................................................................................................................................................................. 16K

ThissectioncontainsinformationandflightprofileslikelytobeencounteredduringmostdailyflightoperatiTheflightprofilesinthissectionshowdetailedNormalOperatingProcedures.Theyaregeneralinnature.Actun-flightproceduresmaydifferduetoaircraftconfiguration,weight,weather,traffic,ATCinstructions,etc.

Unlessotherwisenoted,thefollowingspeedsarebasedonamaximumweightof2500poundsandmayusedforanylesserweight.

ApprovedTakeoffRange........................................................................................................................ UPto15(10Recommend

ApprovedLandingRange................................................................................................................................................................UPtoF

normAlProCeduresoverview

FlAPsettinGs

AirsPeedsFornormAloPerAtion

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[ ] ParkingBrake.....................................................................................................................................................SET(PullFullOU

[ ] WingFlaps.............................................................................................................................................................................................

[ ] FuelSelectorValveHandle.............................................................................................................................................BOTH[ ] MAGNETOSSwitch........................................................................................................................................................................O

[ ] AVIONICSMASTERSwitch.........................................................................................................................................................O

[ ] MASTERSwitch(ALTandBAT)................................................................................................................................................O

[ ] Tiedowns....................................................................................................................

Cessna 177 Cardinal Pilot's Guide

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