AOPA Cardinal 177 Pilot's Guide

8/13/2019 AOPA Cardinal 177 Pilot's Guide

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2007 FLIGHT1 SOFTWARE. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. FOR FLIGHT SIMULATION USE ONLY.

Page 1

FOR FL IGHT S IM UL AT ION ON LY


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Page 2

TAB LE OF CONT ENT S / CRED ITS

Jerry Beckwith (AOPA #05557957) ..............................................................................Flight Dynami

Terry Gaff ...........................................................................................................Aircraft Model and V

Henning van Rensburg (AOPA #5345938) ............................................................. Gauge Programmin

Matt Kaprocki ...................................................................................................... Gauge Programmin

Todd Nicholson ...........................................................................................................Documentatio

Jim Rhoads (AOPA #01270723) ..................................Panel and Gauge Graphics / Project Manageme

Credits ...........................................................................................................................................

Introduction ....................................................................................................................................

Important Information .....................................................................................................................

Aircraft Data ...................................................................................................................................

Symbols and Abbreviations ..............................................................................................................

Selecting Your Aircraft .....................................................................................................................

Main Panel .................................................................................................................................... 8

Pop-Up Panels ............................................................................................................................10-

Click Spots .................................................................................................................................13-

Gauges and Instruments .............................................................................................................17-

Limitations ......................................................................................................................................

Normal Procedures .....................................................................................................................20-2

Performance Charts ....................................................................................................................26-4


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Page 3

I NTRODUCT ION

AOPA "Catch-A-Cardinal" Cessna 177 Cardinal

Being a member of the AOPA has countless benets, but in many cases it offers rewards as well...

For several years now, AOPA has been offering its sweepstakes aircraft to one of its lucky members. Thyear one lucky person will receive a completely refurbished 1977 177B Cessna Cardinal aircraft.

But even if you don't win it, Flight1 Software and AOPA have arranged the opportunity for you to N778RD in Microsoft's Flight Simulator X series.

Cardinals are considered desirable aircraft to own because of their large doors, easy entry, and the aircraftreasonable performance and attractive looks. The 177 offers much better upwards visibility than a 172 anthe absence of an obstructing wing strut makes the aircraft an excellent platform for aerial photography

On behalf of AOPA and Flight1 Software, I invite you to experience the AOPA Cardinal for Microsoft's FligSimulator X, and we look forward for the opportunity to serve you in the future.

Jim RhoadsFlight1 Softwarewww.ight1.com


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Page 4

IM PORTAN T INFORMAT ION

No part of this document may be reproduced in any form or by any means without the express writteconsent of Flight1 Software.

2007 Flight1 Software. All rights reserved.

Visit our Web Site at: www.ight1.com

DISCLAIMER

This software is designed for entertainment purposes only. Although we have designed the AOPACessna 177 Cardinal to resemble and function as closely as possible to the real aircraft, it is not designedas a training device. Not all avionics systems have been simulated, and some of those that have beensimulated may not be entirely functional or simulated to 100%.

About This Pilot's Guide

Please take some time to read through this Pilot's Guide to become familiar with the AOPA Cessna 17Cardinal for Flight Simulator X. The AOPA Cessna 177 Cardinal includes many avionics and features thyou will want to familiarize yourself with. This will allow you to get the most enjoyment out of your neAOPA Cessna 177 Cardinal.

Please note that separate Pilot's Guides have been installed with your software for various gauges, sucas the Garmin GNS430 GPS, the Meggit S-TEC 55X autopilot and the Garmin MX200 Color Multi-FunctioDisplay. Make sure that you reference these Pilot's Guides to familiarize yourself with these gauges.

This Pilot's Guide is not intended to be a guide for basic ight instruction or a training manual and shounot be used as one. It is not a substitute for adequate and competent ight instruction, knowledge current air-worthiness directives, applicable federal air regulations or advisory circulars.

IMPORTANT

Even though this Pilot's Guide is designed in color with black text to make it easily readable on youcomputer screen, if you wish to print this Pilot's Guide and save ink at the same time, please choose toprint in Grayscale, via your computers print dialog screen.


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Page 5

A IRCRA FT DATA

Engine

Engine Manufacturer and Type: Avco Lycoming Normally-Aspirated, Air-Cooled, Carbureted Four-Cylinde

Engine Model Number: O-360-A1F6D

Horsepower Rating and Engine Speed

Maximum Power: 180 BHP

Maximum Engine Speed: 2700 RPM

Propeller

Propeller Manufacturer: McCauley

Number of Blades: Two

Fuel

Approved Fuels: 100LL Grade Aviation Fuel (Blue) / 100 Grade Aviation Fuel (Green)

Total Capacity: 50 Gallons

Usable Fuel: 49 Gallons

Oil

Oil Capacity: 9 Quarts

Maximum Weights

Maximum Ramp Weight: 2500 Pounds

Maximum Takeoff Weight: 2500 Pounds (Normal Category)

Maximum Landing Weight: 2500 Pounds (Normal Category)

Maximum Cargo WeightTotal Area: 120 Pounds

Typical Aircraft Weights

Empty Weight: 1533 Pounds

Useful Load: 967 Pounds (Normal Category)


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Page 6

SYM BOLS AND AB BREV IAT IONS

V-Speed Symbols

VSO Stalling Speed or the minimum steady ight speed at which the aircraft is controllable in the landin

conguration at maximum gross weight.

VS Stalling Speed or the minimum steady ight speed at which the airplane is controllable.

VFE Maximum Flap Extended Speed is the highest speed permissible with wing aps in a prescribe

extended position.

VA Maneuvering Speed is the maximum speed at which you may use abrupt control travel.

VNO Maximum Structural Cruising Speed is the speed that should not be exceeded except in smooth a

and then only with caution.

VNE Never Exceed Speed is the speed limit that may not be exceeded at any time.

VX Best Angle of Climb Speed provides the best altitude gain per unit of horizontal distance, and

usually used for clearing obstacles during takeoff.

VY Best Rate of Climb Speed provides the best altitude gain in the shortest amount of time.

VG Best Rate of Glide Speed provides the best glide distance in an engine-out scenario.

Airspeed Terminology

KCAS Knots Calibrated Airspeed is indicated airspeed corrected for position and instrument error anexpressed in knots. Knots calibrated airspeed is equal to KTAS in standard atmosphere at sea leve

KIAS Indicated Airspeed in Knots.

KTAS True Airspeed is the speed of an aircraft relative to undisturbed air which is the CAS corrected faltitude, temperature and compressibility.

Meteorological Terminology

OAT Outside Air Temperature is the free air static temperature obtained either from in-flig

temperature indications or ground meteorological sources, adjusted for instrument error ancompressibility effects.

ISA Standard Temperature is 15C at sea level pressure altitude and decreases by 2C for each 100feet of altitude.

PA Pressure Altitude is altitude measured from the standard sealevel pressure of 29.92 in Hg bypressure of barometric altimeter.


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Page 7

SELECT IN G YOUR A IRCRA FT

The AOPA Cessna 177 Cardinal is located under AOPA in the Flight Simulator Aircraft Manufactur

drop-down box. It is not located under Cessna.

IMPORTANT

If there is a problem loading the AOPA Cessna 177 Cardinal into Flight Simulator, rst load the defaultFlight Simulator ight, move the aircraft to the active runway, then save the ight as the new default

ight. Load the default ight, then SWITCH to the AOPA Cessna 177 Cardinal (using the Aircraftdrop-down selection in the Flight Simulator Menu Bar) and set up your ight parameters, such as locationtime, weather, etc.

We strongly advise against loading the AOPA Cessna 177 Cardinal over a previously saved ight, otherthan the Default ight. This will ensure that previously saved settings will not carry over and interferewith the AOPA Cessna 177 Cardinal.


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Page 8

MA IN PAN EL

Main Panel Layout

Panel Manager Pop-Up

Autopilot Pop-Up

Radio Stack Pop-Up

Panel Manager Pop-Up- Toggles the Panel Manager Pop-Up on and off.

Auto Pilot Pop-Up- Toggles the Auto Pilot Pop-Up on and off.

Landing View Panel- Toggles the Landing View Panel.

GPS 1 Pop-Up- Toggles the GPS 1 Pop-Up on and off.

Radio Stack Pop-Up- Toggles the Radio Stack Pop-Up on and off.

All click-spots are activated using left mouse clicks. Some click-spots (such as some rotary knobs) can b

activated using your mouse's scroll wheel. Scroll forward to turn knobs to the right and scroll backward

turn knobs to the left.

CONT INUED ON N EXT PAG

Landing View Panel

GPS 1 Pop-Up


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Page 9

B

A

C

D

E

FI

H

G

J

K

L

I O R

N Q

V

U

T

PM

S

A) Vacuum Gauge

B) Digital Clock

C) Gyro Slaving Unit (Not Modeled)

D) Fuel Pressure Gauge

E) JPI EDM-800 Digital EGT Gauge

F) Carburetor Temperature Gauge

G) Airspeed Indicator Gauge

H) Turn Coordinator Gauge

I) Engine Gauges

J) Annunciators

K) Attitude Indicator Gauge

L) Horizontal Situation Indicator Gauge

M) Altimeter Gauge

N) Vertical Speed Indicator Gauge

O) Manifold Pressure Gauge

P) Nav 1 Indicator Gauge

Q) Standby Attitude Indicator Gauge

R) Propeller RPM Gauge

S) Garmin Audio Panel

T) Garmin MX200 Color MFD

U) Garmin GNS430 GPS 1

V) Garmin GNS430 GPS 2

Main Panel Layout, Continued

MA IN PAN EL


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Page 10

Panel Manager

POP-U P PANELS

Use the Panel Manager to toggle the pop-up panels on and off using your mouse. Clicking on eac

separate panel box will toggle the specied panel to pop up. Clicking on the panel box a second time w

close the specied pop-up panel.

l Auto Pilot and Transponder

l Radio Stack - Includes Audio Panel, MFD, GPS 1 and GPS 2

l Lower Panel - Includes Ignition, Lighting, Trim and Engine Controls

l Flaps - Includes Flap Lever and Position Indicator

l Fuel Selector

Multiple pop-up panels can be selected at any given tim

CONT INUED ON N EXT PAG


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Page 11

Radio Stack

Keyboard Shortcuts, Pop-Up Panels and Landing View Panel

POP-U P PANELS

Pop-up panels can be toggled on and off using keyboard shortcuts.

l (Shift+2) Landing View Panell (Shift+3) Radio Stackl (Shift+4) Auto Pilot and Transponderl (Shift+5) Panel Manager - Not Shown

Lower Panel Flaps

l (Shift+6) Lower Panell (Shift+7) Flapsl (Shift+8) Fuel Selectorl (Shift+9) GPS 1

Auto Pilot and Transponder

CONT INUED ON N EXT PA


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Page 12

POP-U P PANELS

Fuel Selector

Keyboard Shortcuts, Pop-Up Panels and Landing View Panel, Continued

GPS 1

Landing View Panel


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Page 13

CL I CK -SPOTS

Main Panel

1) Toggle Panel Manager Pop-Up

2) EGT Step Button

3) EGT Lean Find Button

4) EGT RPM/Power Percent Swap Button

5) Clock Start/Stop Button

6) Clock Step Button7) Clock Reset Button

8) Toggle Landing View Panel

9) ADI Adjust Left (Scroll Backward)

10) ADI Adjust Right (Scroll Forward)

11) Course Adjust Left (Scroll Backward)

12) Course Adjust Right (Scroll Forward)

13) Heading Adjust Left (Scroll Backward)

14) Heading Adjust Right (Scroll Forward)

15) Toggle Auto Pilot and Transponder Pop-Up

16) Altimeter Calibration Decrease (Scroll Backward)

17) Altimeter Calibration Increase (Scroll Forward)

18) Toggle GPS 1 Pop-Up19) OBS Knob Left (Scroll Backward)

20) OBS Knob Right (Scroll Forward)

21) Attitude Bars Decrease (Scroll Backward)

22) Attitude Bars Increase (Scroll Forward)

23) Quick Erect Knob

24) Toggle Radio Stack Pop-Up

12 13 14

15

1

2 3

5 6 7

9 16 1719 20

21 22 23

24

24

24

4

11

CONT INUED ON NEXT PAG

10

188


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Page 14

CL I CK -SPOTS

Transponder and Auto Pilot Panel

1) Ident Button

2) VFR Button

3) Standby Button

4) On Button

5) Altitude Mode Button (A & C)

6) Off Button

7) Toggle Transponder/Auto Pilot Pop-Up

8) Function Button

9) Start/Stop Button

10) Cursor Button

11) Clear Button

12) Numerical Buttons 1 - 9

13) Toggle Transponder/Auto Pilot Pop-U

14) Heading Button

15) NAV Button

16) Approach Button17) Reverse Approach Button

18) Altitude Hold Button

19) Altitude Capture Button

20) Vertical Speed Button

21) Vertical Speed Decrease (Scroll Backwar

22) Vertical Speed Increase (Scroll Forwar

23) Auto Pilot Toggle On/Off

Fuel Selector Panel

1) Toggle Left Tank

2) Toggle Both Tanks3) Toggle Right Tank

4) Fuel Cutoff

5) Close Fuel Selector Pop-Up

1

2 3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12

13

14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

23

1

2

3

4

5

CONT INUED ON NEXT PAG


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Page 15

CL I CK -SPOTS

Lower Panel

1) Alternator On

2) Alternator Off

3) Battery On

4) Battery Off

5) Fuel Pump Toggle On/Off

6) Key Turn Left (Scroll Backward)

7) Key Turn Right (Scroll Forward)

8) Panel Flood Lights Toggle On/Off

9) Panel Flood Lights Toggle On/Off

10) Auto Pilot On/Off

11) Trim On/Off (Not Modeled)

12) Avionics Master On/Off

13) ESS Bus On/Off (Not Modeled)

14) HSI On/Off

15) Pitot Heat On/Off

16) Navigation Lights On/Off

17) Beacon Light On/Off

18) Strobe Lights On/Off

19) Taxi Lights On/Off

20) Landing Lights On/Off

21) Pulse Lights On/Off (Not Modeled)

22) Elevator Trim Down (Scroll Forward)

23) Elevator Trim Up (Scroll Backward)

24) Carb Heat On/Off

25) Throttle Control (Click, Hold and Drag)

26) Propeller Pitch Control (Click, Hold and Drag)

27) Mixture Control (Click, Hold and Drag)

28) Close Lower Panel Pop-Up

Flaps Panel

1) Flaps Up

2) Flaps Down

3) Close Flaps Panel Pop-Up

1

2

3

4

5 6 7

8

9

10

11

12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

22

23

24

25

26 27

28

1

2

3

CONT INUED ON NEXT PA


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CL I CK -SPOTS

Audio Panel

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8 9 10 11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

1) Power On/Off

2) Marker Mute Button

3) Marker Sensitivity Button4) Comm 1 Selection Button

5) Comm 1 MIC Button

6) Comm 2 Selection Button

7) Comm 2 MIC Button

8) NAV 1 Audio Button

9) NAV 2 Audio Button

10) DME Audio Button

11) ADF Audio Button

12) Comm 1/2 Selection Button13) Speaker Audio Button

14) PA Audio Button

15) Pilot Audio Button

16) Crew Audio Button

17) Test Button

18) Power On/Off

MX200 Color MFD and GNS430 GPS

IMPORTANT

Click-spots for the Garmin MX200 Color MFD and the Garmin GNS430 GPS can be found in specic Pilot'Guides installed separately with your software. These Pilot's Guides can be found in your Start Menu.

From the desktop - Start - All Programs - AOPA - 177 Cardinal


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Page 17

GAUGES AN D INSTRUM ENTS

JPI EDM-800 Digital EGT Gauge

1) Toggle Between Percent of HP and RPM

2) Cylinder Number Display

3) Cylinder Graphical Display

4) Data Display

5) Step Button (Press to Advance Data Types)

6) Toggle Between Fahrenheit and Celcius Data Display

7) LeanFind Button

1

2

3

4

5

6

4

Step Button

Used to cycle through individual cylinder CHT/EGT displays as well as additional data including:

l Turbine Inlet Temperaturel Oil Temperaturel Battery Voltagel Outside/Free Air Temperaturel RPM (Prop) and Manifold Pressurel Total Remaining Fuel (Gallons)l Fuel Flow (Gallons Per Hour)

An illuminated dot appears above the graphic display columns to indicate the currently active data. A

temperature readings in the graphic display are in degrees Fahrenheit regardless of temperature mod

selected.

LeanFind Button

Starts the LeanFind Mode. Upon initializing LeanFind, "LEAN R" (designating rich of peak method)

displayed in the lower digital readout for two seconds. After two seconds, EGT in degrees Fahrenheit the hottest cylinder and fuel ow in gallons per hour is displayed for LeanFind monitoring. A ashing d

also appears above the cylinder with the hottest EGT. (This will always be cylinder 4 due to FS limitations

After leaning the mixture to the desired EGT, LeanFind can be deactivated by clicking the LeanFind butto

Clicking LeanFind or STEP at any point when LeanFind Mode is active will deactivate it.

Recommendations for leaning: lean to approximately peak EGT for best economy and approximately 100

rich of peak for best power (at the cost of reduced fuel economy).

Most gauges and instruments featured are standard, so most users should already be familiar with the

different functions and uses. This section describes gauges and instruments we feel may need more explanation.

7



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Page 18

GAUGES AN D INSTRUM ENTS

Garmin MX200 Color MFD, Garmin GNS430 GPS and Meggit S-TEC 55X Autopi-

Multifunction Clock Display

1) Digital Display

2) Active Display Type (Illuminated Green)

3) Start/Stop Button

4) Step Button (Press to Advance Data Display Types)

5) Reset Button

1

2

3

Step Button

Used to cycle through individual data display types including:

l Current Barometerl Current Altitudel Current Outside Air Temperature in Celciusl Timer Functionl Clock Function

An illuminated green LED indicates the currently active data display type.

Start/Stop and Reset Buttons

The Start/Stop button works only when in TIMER mode. Press Start/Stop once to begin the timer an

press Start/Stop again to stop the timer. Press Reset to clear the timer and reset it to zero.

In CLOCK mode, pressing the Reset button changes the clock display value.

5

4

IMPORTANT

Due to the complexity of these instruments, we have provided a separate Pilot's Guide for each of these

three instruments. These Pilot's Guides can be found in your Start Menu.

From the desktop - Start - All Programs - AOPA - 177 Cardinal


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Page 19

L IM I TAT IONS

Airspeed Limitations

SPEED KCAS KIAS

VNE Never Exceed Speed 161 167

VNO Maximum Structural Cruising Speed 134 138

VA Maneuvering Speed:

2500 Pounds 101 102

2100 Pounds 93 93

1700 Pounds 84 83

VFE Maximum Flap Extended Speed

To 10 Flaps 113 115

10 - 30 Flaps 90 90

Power Plant Limitations

Engine Manufacturer: Avco Lycoming

Engine Model Number: O-360-A1F6D

Maximum Power: 180 BHP

Maximum Engine Speed: 2700 RPM

Maximum Cylinder Head Temperature: 260C (500F)

Maximum Oil Temperature: 118C (245F)

Minimum Oil Pressure 25 psi

Maximum Oil Pressure 100 psi

Minimum Fuel Pressure 2 psi

Maximum Fuel Pressure 8 psi

Propeller Manufacturer: McCauley Accessory Division

Propeller Operating Limits: Avoid continuous operation between 1700 and 1900 RPM with less than 10 MP


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Page 20

NORMA L PROCEDURES

Speeds for Normal Operation and Cruise Performance Table

Takeoff:

Normal Climb Out ................................................................................................................. 65-75 KIA Short Field Takeoff, Flaps 15, Speed at 50 Feet........................................................................57 KIA

Enroute Climb, Flaps Up:

Normal................................................................................................................................... 75-85 KIA Best Rate of Climb, Sea Level ....................................................................................................79 KIA Best Rate of Climb, 10,000 Feet .................................................................................................70 KIA Best Angle of Climb, Sea Level ...................................................................................................65 KIA Best Angle of Climb, 10,000 Feet................................................................................................65 KIA

Landing Approach:

Normal Approach, Flaps Up .................................................................................................. 70-80 KIA Normal Approach, Flaps 30 ................................................................................................. 60-70 KIA Short Field Approach, Flaps 30 .................................................................................................61 KIA

Balked Landing:

Maximum Power, Flaps 20 ........................................................................................................65 KIA

Maximum Recommended Turbulent Air Penetration Speed:

2500 Pounds .............................................................................................................................102 KIA 2100 Pounds ...............................................................................................................................93 KIA 1700 Pounds ...............................................................................................................................83 KIA

Maximum Demonstrated Crosswind Velocity:

Takeoff or Landing .................................................................................................................. 16 KNOT

IMPORTANT

The procedures listed in this section are taken directly from the actual Cessna 177 Cardinal PilotsOperating Handbook. Although we have designed the AOPA Cessna 177 Cardinal to resemble andfunction as closely as possible to the real aircraft, it is not designed as a training device. Its possiblethat some checklist procedures listed may not be accomplished in this simulation.



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Page 21

Before Starting Engine

[ ] Preight Inspection .........................................................................................................COMPLET

[ ] Seats, Belts, Shoulder Harnesses .....................................................................ADJUST AND LOC

[ ] Fuel Selector Valve .............................................................................................................BOTH O

[ ] Fuel Shutoff Valve ......................................................................................................................... O

[ ] Radios, Autopilot, Electrical Equipment .......................................................................................OF

[ ] Brakes.........................................................................................................................TEST and SE

[ ] Cowl Flaps ................................................................................................................................OPE

[ ] Circuit Breakers .................................................................................................................CHECK

Starting Engine

[ ] Mixture .......................................................................................................................................RIC

[ ] Propeller...........................................................................................................................HIGH RP

[ ] Carburetor Heat ........................................................................................................................COL

[ ] Master Switch ............................................................................................................................... O

[ ] Prime .........................................................................................................................AS REQUIRE

[ ] Throttle......................................................................................................................OPEN 1/2 INC

[ ] Propeller Area .........................................................................................................................CLE[ ] Ignition Switch......................................................................................................................... STAR

[ ] Oil Pressure ........................................................................................................................... CHE

Before Takeoff

[ ] Parking Brake ..............................................................................................................................SE

[ ] Cabin Doors .................................................................................................. CLOSED and LOCKE

[ ] Flight Controls..................................................................................................FREE and CORREC

[ ] Flight Instruments ..................................................................................................................CHEC

[ ] Fuel Shutoff Valve ............................................................................................................CHECK O


[ ] Mixture .........................................................................................................RICH (Below 3000 Fee

[ ] Auxiliary Fuel Pump ............................................................................................ CHECK THEN OF

[ ] Stabilator and Rudder Trim .................................................................................................TAKEOF

NORMA L PROCEDURES



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Page 22

Short Field Takeoff

[ ] Wing Flaps .....................................................................................................................................


[ ] Brakes......................................................................................................................................APPL

[ ] Power............................................................................................ FULL THROTTLE and 2700 RP

[ ] Mixture ..............................................................FULL RICH (Lean for Max Power Above 3000 Fee

[ ] Brakes................................................................................................................................ RELEAS

[ ] Stabilator Control ............................................................................. LIFT NOSE WHEEL at 50 KIA

[ ] Climb Speed ......................................................................57 KIAS (Until all Obstacles are Cleare

[ ] Wing Flaps......................................................................... RETRACT (After Obstacles are Cleare

NORMA L PROCEDURES

[ ] Throttle...............................................................................................................................1800 RP

A) Magnetos........................CHECK (RPM Drop Should Not Exceed 150 RPM on Either Magnet

B) Propeller.................................................CYCLE (From High to Low RPM; Return to High RPM

C)Carburetor Heat ......................................................................................... CHECK for RPM Dro

D)Engine Instruments and Ammeter .................................................................................... CHEC

E) Suction Gauge ..................................................................................................................CHEC

[ ] Radios..........................................................................................................................................SE

[ ] Lights .........................................................................................................................AS REQUIRE

Before Takeoff, Continued....

Normal Takeoff

[ ] Wing Flaps....................................................................................................... 0-10 (10 Preferre



[ ] Stabilator Control ............................................................................. LIFT NOSE WHEEL at 50 KIA

[ ] Climb Speed .................................................................................................................... 65-75 KIA

[ ] Wing Flaps .........................................................................................................................RETRA

Prior to takeoff from elds above 3000 feet elevation, the mixture should be leaned to give maximum poweSmooth and uniform throttle application should be used to ensure best engine acceleration. The preferreap setting for normal takeoff is 10.



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Page 23

NORMA L PROCEDURES

Normal Enroute Climb

[ ] Airspeed........................................................................................................................... 75-85 KIA

[ ] Power......................................................24 INCHES Hg or FULL THROTTLE and 2500-2700 RP

[ ] Mixture ........................................................ FULL RICH (Mixture May be Leaned above 3000 Fee

[ ] Cowl Flaps ......................................................................................................OPEN AS REQUIRE

Maximum Performance Climb Enroute Climb

[ ] Airspeed...............................................................79 KIAS (at Sea Level to 70 KIAS at 10,000 Fee


[ ] Mixture ........................................................ FULL RICH (Mixture May be Leaned above 3000 Fee

[ ] Cowl Flaps ......................................................................................................................FULL OPE

Power should be reduced to 24 inches of manifold pressure and 2500 RPM for increased passenger comfodue to lower noise level.

Cruise

[ ] Power............................................15-24 INCHES Hg, 2100-2700 RPM (No More than 75% Powe

[ ] Stabilator and Rudder Trim ...................................................................................................ADJUS

[ ] Mixture ...................................................................................................................................... LEA

[ ] Cowl Flaps ...........................................................................................................................CLOSE

Recommended Lean ................................................................................................50F Rich of Peak EG

Best Economy .............................................................................................................................. Peak EG

75% POWER 65% POWER 55% POWER

ALTITUDE KTAS NMPG KTAS NMPG KTAS NMPG

Sea Level 120 11.9 112 13.0 103 14.1

5000 Feet 125 12.4 117 13.6 106 14.5

10,000 Feet 130 12.9 121 14.1 109 14.9

Standard Conditions Zero Wind

The cruise performance table illustrates the true airspeed and nautical miles per gallon during cruise fovarious altitudes and percent power.



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Page 24

NORMA L PROCEDURES

Descent

[ ] Power...AS DESIRED (Avoid Continuous Operation Between 1700 and 1900 RPM Below 10 Inches H

[ ] Mixture ......................................................................... RICH or LEAN FOR SMOOTH OPERATIO

[ ] Carburetor Heat .........................................................................................................AS REQUIRE

[ ] Cowl Flaps ...........................................................................................................................CLOSE

Before Landing

[ ] Seats, Belts and Shoulder Harnesses .................................................................................SECUR


[ ] Mixture .......................................................................................................................................RIC

[ ] Carburetor Heat ...........................................................ON (Apply Full Heat Before Closing Thrott

[ ] Propeller..............................................................................................................HIGH RPM (Full I

Normal Landing

[ ] Airspeed......................................................................................................... 70-80 KIAS (Flaps U

[ ] Wing Flaps..................................... AS DESIRED (0-10 Below 115 KIAS, 10-30 Below 90 KIA

[ ] Airspeed...................................................................................................60-70 KIAS (Flaps DOW


[ ] Touchdown..................................................................................................... MAIN WHEELS FIRS

[ ] Landing Roll ...................................................................................LOWER NOSE WHEEL GENTL

[ ] Braking............................................................................................................MINIMUM REQUIRE

Normal landing approaches can be made with power on or power off and at any ap setting. Surface winand air turbulence are usually the primary factors in determining the most comfortable approach speedSlips are permitted with any desired ap setting. Actual touchdown should be made with power off and othe main wheels rst. The nose wheel should be lowered smoothly to the runway as speed is diminished

Full down stabilator (control wheel positioned full forward) should not be used during the ground roll. Threduces the weight on the main wheels which causes poor braking and increases the possibility of slidinthe tires.

When landing in a strong crosswind, use the minimum ap setting required for the eld length.



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Page 25

Short Field Landing

[ ] Airspeed......................................................................................................... 70-80 KIAS (Flaps U

[ ] Wing Flaps.........................................................................................................30 (Below 90 KIA

[ ] Airspeed...............................................................................................................MAINTAIN 61 KIA


[ ] Power............................................................................ REDUCE TO IDLE (as Obstacle is Cleare

[ ] Touchdown..................................................................................................... MAIN WHEELS FIRS

[ ] Braking..................................................................................................................... APPLY HEAVIL

[ ] Wing Flaps...............................................................RETRACT (For Maximum Brake Effectivenes

Balked Landing



[ ] Wing Flaps.............................................................................................................RETRACT TO 2

[ ] Airspeed.................................................................................................................................65 KIA

[ ] Wing Flaps ...........................................................................................................RETRACT (Slow

[ ] Cowl Flaps ................................................................................................................................OPE

After Landing

[ ] Wing Flaps .........................................................................................................................RETRA


[ ] Cowl Flaps ................................................................................................................................OPE

Securing Airplane

[ ] Parking Brake ..............................................................................................................................SE

[ ] Radios, Electrical Equipment, Autopilot OF

[ ] Mixture ................................................................................................ IDLE CUT-OFF (Pull Full Ou

[ ] Ignition Switch..............................................................................................................................OF

[ ] Master Switch ..............................................................................................................................OF

[ ] Fuel Selector Valve ..................................................................................................................RIGH

NORMA L PROCEDURES


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Page 26

PERFORM ANCE CHARTS

IMPORTANT

The performance charts listed in this section are taken directly from the actual Cessna 177 CardinaPilots Operating Handbook. Although we have taken great pains to ensure that our AOPA Cessna 177Cardinal ies as closely to the real thing as possible, in some cases performance of the sim aircraft maynot match exactly the performance of the real aircraft due to programming limitations in Flight Simulator.



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AOPA Cardinal 177 Pilot's Guide

Documents

Transcript of AOPA Cardinal 177 Pilot's Guide