Cerebral Palsy, Spina Bifida, Spinal Cord Injury and Traumatic Brain Injury
-
Upload
russelle-mae-balones -
Category
Education
-
view
263 -
download
0
description
Transcript of Cerebral Palsy, Spina Bifida, Spinal Cord Injury and Traumatic Brain Injury
![Page 1: Cerebral Palsy, Spina Bifida, Spinal Cord Injury and Traumatic Brain Injury](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062708/558b9815d8b42abe378b4794/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Physical Disabilities, Health Impairment and
Severe Disabilities
By:Russelle Mae L. Balones
![Page 2: Cerebral Palsy, Spina Bifida, Spinal Cord Injury and Traumatic Brain Injury](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062708/558b9815d8b42abe378b4794/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
CEREBRAL PALSY
• The disturbance of voluntary motor functions that may include paralysis, extreme weakness, lack of coordination, involuntary convulsions and other motor disorders.
• A long term condition resulting from a lesion to the brain or an abnormality of brain growth.
![Page 3: Cerebral Palsy, Spina Bifida, Spinal Cord Injury and Traumatic Brain Injury](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062708/558b9815d8b42abe378b4794/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Specific Types of CEREBRAL PALSY
• Hypertonia• Hypotonia• Athetosis• Ataxia• Rigidity• Tremor• Mixed type
![Page 4: Cerebral Palsy, Spina Bifida, Spinal Cord Injury and Traumatic Brain Injury](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062708/558b9815d8b42abe378b4794/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
HYPERTONIA(spasticity)
This is characterized by tense,
contracted muscles and the
movements mat be jerky,
exaggerated and poorly
coordinated.
Deformities of the spine, hip
dislocation and contractures of
the hand, elbow, foot, and
knee are common.
![Page 5: Cerebral Palsy, Spina Bifida, Spinal Cord Injury and Traumatic Brain Injury](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062708/558b9815d8b42abe378b4794/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
HYPERTONIA(SPASTICITY)
![Page 6: Cerebral Palsy, Spina Bifida, Spinal Cord Injury and Traumatic Brain Injury](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062708/558b9815d8b42abe378b4794/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
HYPOTONIA(floppy muscle
syndrome)
• poor muscle tone particularly
in the neck and trunk
• usually detected at birth or
during infancy
• a child with hypotonia has
low level of motor activity,
slow to make balancing
responses and may not walk
until 30 months of age.
![Page 7: Cerebral Palsy, Spina Bifida, Spinal Cord Injury and Traumatic Brain Injury](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062708/558b9815d8b42abe378b4794/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
ATHETOSIS
• slow, worm-like involuntary,
uncontrollable and purposeless
movements
• a child with this condition
may not be able to control the
muscles of the tongue, throat,
and may drool so there is
difficulty in oral language.
![Page 8: Cerebral Palsy, Spina Bifida, Spinal Cord Injury and Traumatic Brain Injury](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062708/558b9815d8b42abe378b4794/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
ATHETOSIS
![Page 9: Cerebral Palsy, Spina Bifida, Spinal Cord Injury and Traumatic Brain Injury](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062708/558b9815d8b42abe378b4794/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
ATAXIA
Poor coordination and
unsteadiness due to the brain's
failure to regulate the body's
posture and regulate the
strength and direction of limb
movements.
It is a disturbance of balance
and equilibrium resulting in a
gait like that of a drunken
person when walking and may
fall easily if not supported.
![Page 10: Cerebral Palsy, Spina Bifida, Spinal Cord Injury and Traumatic Brain Injury](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062708/558b9815d8b42abe378b4794/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
CEREBRAL PALSY
RIGIDITY TREMOR
• The quality or
state of stiffness
or inflexibility.
• The marked
resistance of the
muscles to passive
motion and display
extreme stiffness
in affected limbs.
• Uncontrollable
shaking, interfering
with coordination.
• Marked by rythmic,
uncontrollable
movements or
trembling of the
body or limbs.
• A child’s impairments
can fall into both
categories, spastic and
non-spastic, referred to
as mixed cerebral
palsy. The most
common form of mixed
cerebral palsy involves
some limbs affected by
spasticity and others
by athetosis..
MIXED TYPE
![Page 11: Cerebral Palsy, Spina Bifida, Spinal Cord Injury and Traumatic Brain Injury](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062708/558b9815d8b42abe378b4794/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
SPINA BIFIDA
A type of birth defect called a
neural tube defect. It occurs
when the bones of the spine
(vertebrae) don't form properly
around part of the baby's
spinal cord.
As a result, a portion of the
spinal cord and the nerves that
normally control muscles and
feeling in the lower part of the
body fail to develop.
Spina bifida can be mild or
severe.
![Page 12: Cerebral Palsy, Spina Bifida, Spinal Cord Injury and Traumatic Brain Injury](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062708/558b9815d8b42abe378b4794/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
SPINAL CORD INJURIES
• These are results of
accidents.
• Injury in the spinal
column is generally
described by letters
and numbers
indicating the site of
the damage.
TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY
• This is commonly caused by
injuries to the head as results
from automobile, motorcycle and
bicycle accidents, falls, assaults,
gunshots, wounds and child
abuse.
• Temporary or lasting symptoms
may include cognitive and
language deficits, memory loss,
seizures and perceptual
disorders.
![Page 13: Cerebral Palsy, Spina Bifida, Spinal Cord Injury and Traumatic Brain Injury](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062708/558b9815d8b42abe378b4794/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)