R.S.M. TITANICR.S.M. TITANIC CENTENARY 2012CENTENARY 2012

. THE OLYMPIC CLASS

»The RMSThe RMS Titanic was the second of a TRIO OF was the second of a TRIO OF LINERS,LINERS, the Olympic class, the Olympic class, which was which was intended to dominate the transatlantic intended to dominate the transatlantic voyage market in the early 20th centuryvoyage market in the early 20th century..

LET’S LEARN A LITTLE LET’S LEARN A LITTLE BIT ABOUT ITS STORYBIT ABOUT ITS STORY …

THE IDEA• The story of Titanic and its two twin ships The story of Titanic and its two twin ships

began one night in began one night in 1907 in London1907 in London. . • Lord James PirriLord James Pirri, senior partner of one of , senior partner of one of

the largest shipyards in the world, the largest shipyards in the world, ((Harland and Wolf of BelfastHarland and Wolf of Belfast) invited J. ) invited J. Bruce IsmayBruce Ismay, Managing Director of White , Managing Director of White Star Line shipping company to dinner at Star Line shipping company to dinner at his mansion. his mansion.

THE SHIPS

• They decided to construct They decided to construct three of three most three of three most impressive ships in the impressive ships in the world. The first would be world. The first would be called called The OlympicThe Olympic, the , the second second The TitanicThe Titanic and the and the third third The GiganticThe Gigantic (after (after the tragedy of the Titanic the tragedy of the Titanic the name was changed to the name was changed to The Britannic)The Britannic)

– The RMS Olympic was launched in 1911, The Titanic in 1912, and the Britannic (previously the RMS Gigantic) in 1915, but the breakout of the First World War turned it into a hospital ship.

UNSINKABLE»These steamers would be superior in size, luxury and capacity to any of the liners built before and they would be so safe that could be declared “unsinkable”

THE BUILDERTHE BUILDER

• The ships were The ships were designed by designed by Thomas Thomas AndrewsAndrews and and were the were the property of The property of The White Star LineWhite Star Line

THE SHIP YARDSTHE SHIP YARDS»The three liners were built at The three liners were built at Harland Harland

and Wolffand Wolff ship yard ship yard in Belfastin Belfast (North (North Ireland, United Kingdom)Ireland, United Kingdom)

THE CONSTRUCTIONTHE CONSTRUCTION : Two years of hard work y £1.5 million

(€306.2 today)

HARLAND and WOLFF HARLAND and WOLFF ship yard in Belfastship yard in Belfast

• 12 HORSES PULLING A 16 TONNE ANCHOR12 HORSES PULLING A 16 TONNE ANCHOR

THE HULLTHE HULL

THE PROPELLERSTHE PROPELLERS

THE AIR VENT AND BOILERTHE AIR VENT AND BOILER

THE KEEL AND THE THE KEEL AND THE ANCHORANCHOR

THE BRIDGE

INSIDE THE SHIPINSIDE THE SHIP

THE GRAND STAIRCASETHE GRAND STAIRCASE

THE BIG GLASS DOMETHE BIG GLASS DOME

ONE OF THE LOUNGESONE OF THE LOUNGES

THE GYM

ANOTHER OF THE MAIN ANOTHER OF THE MAIN LOUNGESLOUNGES

FIRST CLASS DINING FIRST CLASS DINING ROOMROOM

FIRST CLASS CABINFIRST CLASS CABIN

SECOND CLASS DINING SECOND CLASS DINING ROOMROOM

SECOND CLASS SECOND CLASS CABINCABIN

THIRD CLASS DINING THIRD CLASS DINING ROOMROOM

THE DEPARTURETHE DEPARTURE • The morning of Wednesday The morning of Wednesday 1010thth of April of April

1912 1912 was bright and breezy … was bright and breezy …

• …

GREAT EXPECTATION GREAT EXPECTATION COULD BE FELT IN THE AIRCOULD BE FELT IN THE AIR

THE TITANIC WOULD FOLLOW THE THE TITANIC WOULD FOLLOW THE ROUTE FROM SOUTHAMPTON TO NEW ROUTE FROM SOUTHAMPTON TO NEW

YORKYORK• The liner set off from The liner set off from SouthamptonSouthampton, on its , on its

maiden voyage on 10maiden voyage on 10thth of April 1912 at of April 1912 at midday. It arrived at midday. It arrived at Cherbourg Cherbourg in France at in France at 6:30 AM, and came back to 6:30 AM, and came back to QueenstownQueenstown, in , in Ireland on 11Ireland on 11thth of April 1912 at 11:30 AM of April 1912 at 11:30 AM to to pick up third class passengerspick up third class passengers. .

CAPTAIN SMITH ARRIVED AT 7:00 AM

• The Titanic´s maiden voyage was going to be his last journey before retiring at the age of 62.

THE CREW

• Shortly afterwards Shortly afterwards the other the other membersmembers arrived. arrived.

HENRY WILDEHENRY WILDE and WILLIAM MURDOCH and WILLIAM MURDOCH

• HENRY WILDE was the was the Chief Chief CommanderCommander..

• WILLIAM WILLIAM MURDOCH was MURDOCH was the First Officer.the First Officer.

THE FIRST PASSENGERS THE FIRST PASSENGERS ARRIVED AT 9:00AMARRIVED AT 9:00AM

• Thomas Thomas AndrewsAndrews the the architect of the architect of the Titanic, was the Titanic, was the first passenger first passenger to board the to board the ship at ship at Southampton.Southampton.

THE PRESIDENTTHE PRESIDENT

• J. Bruce IsmayJ. Bruce Ismay, , chairman of chairman of White Star Line, White Star Line, embarked a little embarked a little later.later.

OTHER 1st CLASS OTHER 1st CLASS PASSENGERSPASSENGERS

• Isidor Straus and Isidor Straus and wife wife , owners of the , owners of the important important department store department store Macy’sMacy’s in New York in New York

JACOB ASTOR AND WIFEJACOB ASTOR AND WIFE

• Jacob AstorJacob Astor a a millionaire millionaire businessman, businessman, considered the considered the richest richest passenger passenger aboard.aboard.

BENJAMIN GUGGENHEIM

• Benjamin Benjamin Guggenheim,Guggenheim, copper industry copper industry magnate, magnate, who who travelled with travelled with his lover.his lover.

SECOND CLASSSECOND CLASS• The second class was The second class was

composed by composed by teachers, teachers, businessmen, businessmen, professionalsprofessionals with with moderate incomes, who moderate incomes, who constituted the middle constituted the middle class of the time.class of the time.

• Examples of them are the Examples of them are the Pierre RousseauPierre Rousseau and his and his assistant or assistant or Leontine P. Leontine P. AubartAubart, a cabaret singer., a cabaret singer.

THIRD CLASSTHIRD CLASS • The majority of the third class passengers were The majority of the third class passengers were IrishIrish, who , who

boarded at boarded at Queenstown (Ireland) Queenstown (Ireland) and were mostly modest and were mostly modest people who were emigrating to the US in search of a new life.people who were emigrating to the US in search of a new life.

THE NUMBER OF PASSENGERS

At that time there were about At that time there were about 2,227 passengers2,227 passengers on board the on board the Titanic. However, it is impossible Titanic. However, it is impossible to determine exactly the number to determine exactly the number of people aboard because of the of people aboard because of the presence of some presence of some clandestine clandestine passengerspassengers. So the exact . So the exact number of victims can´t benumber of victims can´t be

known.known.

THE SHIP DEPARTED THE SHIP DEPARTED AT NOON…AT NOON… …

TOWARDS ITS DOOMTOWARDS ITS DOOM

• Despite receiving three Despite receiving three messages warning of the messages warning of the presence of icepresence of ice ,neither of ,neither of the two most important men the two most important men on the boat: on the boat: Captain SmithCaptain Smith and the President of White and the President of White Star Line, Star Line, Bruce IsmayBruce Ismay did did anything about it.anything about it.

SUNDAY 14 th April 1912SUNDAY 14 th April 1912On this day the Titanic saw the light On this day the Titanic saw the light

for the last time.for the last time.

THE ICEBERGTHE ICEBERG • At 11:40 PM At 11:40 PM

the giant was the giant was sailing acrosssailing across a a calm sea when calm sea when a huge chunk a huge chunk of iceof ice floating floating in the waters, in the waters, about 600 about 600 miles from miles from Newfoundland Newfoundland got in its way.got in its way.

THE SINKINGTHE SINKING• 2 hours and 40 minutes2 hours and 40 minutes after impact after impact

against the iceberg, against the iceberg, at 2:20AM on at 2:20AM on Monday April 15thMonday April 15th, the Titanic sank, , the Titanic sank, split into two halvessplit into two halves..

More than More than 1500 people 1500 people PERISHEDPERISHED in the worst in the worst

maritime disaster in historymaritime disaster in history. .  

.

Most Most including the captain

including the captain, , went down with the ship or

went down with the ship or died by hypothermia

died by hypothermia because because

of the low water temperature in

of the low water temperature in the Atlantic.the Atlantic.

  .

THE ORCHESTRATHE ORCHESTRA

• It is said that the It is said that the orchestra continued, orchestra continued, playing the tune"playing the tune"Nearer, my God, to Thee"" ( (Mas Cerca, Oh Dios de ti)) until until the ship the ship completely completely disappeareddisappeared under under water.water.

THE BOATS AND THE THE BOATS AND THE CARPATHIACARPATHIA

• Only a few lucky Only a few lucky passengers passengers (mostly first (mostly first class) survived in class) survived in the few lifeboats the few lifeboats which were which were carried by the carried by the ship, and they ship, and they were picked up by were picked up by another ship, another ship, the the CARPATHIA.CARPATHIA.

CAUSES OF SHIPWRECK• The Titanic was The Titanic was

divided divided by 16 doors by 16 doors into 15 watertight into 15 watertight compartmentscompartments

• The boat was The boat was designed designed to survive if to survive if the first three the first three compartments compartments floodedflooded, and perhaps , and perhaps even the fourth, even the fourth, but but notnot if the first five if the first five became inundated.became inundated.

WHAT WOULD HAVE HAPPENED IF IT HAD COLLIDED HEAD ON …?

- Perhaps two or three compartments would have flooded, but the ship wouldn’t have sunk.

• What made the Titanic sink was a series of little cracks along the first six compartments.

THE NEWS ABOUT THE DISASTER

• The disaster caused a sensation at the time. But people were involved in the disaster to realise that it meant the end of an era and the beginning of another.

• As time passed by the shipwreck came to symbolise, the precise moment in that century when the human race lost its innocence and its feeling of safety.

THE SEARCH

• From the very first moment it disappeared in the cold waters of the North Atlantic, its discovery became the aim of oceanographers, historians, treasure hunters….

ROBERT BALLARD

• Robert Ballard was, together with the French Institute for maritime Investigation (IFREMER) the man who found the ship on 1st September 1985 at 1:05 AM in its ocean grave .

THE PLACE OF THE SHIPWRECK

• The liner was found at nearly 4,000 metres deep in the North Atlantic, 625 KM southeast Newfoundland.

THE GRAVETHE GRAVE

• There the ship There the ship has lain since has lain since the disaster, like the disaster, like a a monumentmonument to to human ambition.human ambition.

EXPEDITIONSEXPEDITIONS

• After its After its location the location the first first investigation investigation expeditions expeditions began and began and the the remains of the remains of the shipwreckshipwreck were rescued.were rescued.

THE REMAINS

• Thanks to these Thanks to these expeditions expeditions they they could recover and could recover and preserve most of the preserve most of the original objectsoriginal objects and and put them on display put them on display to the general public.to the general public.

SOME EXAMPLES

TITANIC: THE EXHIBITION

• We are going to see most of these We are going to see most of these objets on our next trip to objets on our next trip to BarcelonaBarcelona because they will on display at because they will on display at this this travelling exhibition.travelling exhibition.

MILVINA DEAN• Millvina DeanMillvina Dean

was the last was the last survivor of survivor of The Titanic. The Titanic. She died on She died on 2nd June 20092nd June 2009

•She was just a She was just a babybaby when she when she

embarked.embarked.

THE LEGEND

• With her death legend and reality will merge forever, in the story of one of the giants of the 20th century.

THE TRAGEDY THAT CHANGED OUR LIVES

• The sinking of the Titanic brought about a strict regulation of many safety measures on board ships, the development of X rays, the increased use of the radio frequency and electronic systems, and as a consequence wider use of TV, telephony, computers and communications systems that we have in society today.

FIN

POWERPOINT TRANSLATED BY

TOURISM STUDENTS FROM IES MONASTIL IN COMMEMORATION OF THE CENTENARY OF

THE TITANIC

1912- 2012

GRUPO DE TRABAJO• CARRANZA ALVES ,ESTHER• DOMENE PRATS, FRANCISCO• FELIPE MENOR, Mª JOSÉ• FERNÁNDEZ DOMINGUEZ, JESÚS• GARCIA ABRIL, Mª CARMEN• GUARINOS CABRERA RODOLFO• HERNÁNDEZ VIDAL, GEMMA • JIMÉNEZ PERICÁS, JESÚS • JUAN GONZÁLEZ, CLEMENTE• PLANELLES GALIANO, REMEI• SABUCO, ALBA• SALVADOR MORÁN, EMILIA

WHAT HAVE YOU LEARNT?

• 1. What were the shipyards where the Titanic was built called?

• 2. Who was its builder?• 3. What city did it set off from?• 4.How many stopovers did she make?• 5. On which day did it sink?• 6. When were its remains found?• 7. Who found them?• 8. What is the tavelling exhibition in

Barcelona called?• 9. Who was the last survivor?• 10.When did she die?