Cell Study Guide. 1. Define Cell Basic Unit of Life.
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Transcript of Cell Study Guide. 1. Define Cell Basic Unit of Life.
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Cell Study Guide
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1. Define Cell
•Basic Unit of Life
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2. What are the 3 parts of the cell theory
•All cells arise from existing cells•Cells are the basic unit of life•All organisms are made of one
or more cellsSchleiden, Schwann and
Virchow
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3. Describe the difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic
cells and give an example of each
• Prokaryotic cells (bacteria cells) are simple cells that lack a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
• Eukaryotic cells (animal and plant cells) are complex cells with nuclei and organelles – eukaryotic cells all have cell membrane, cytoplasm ad nucleus.
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4. Compare and contrast plant cells and animal cell
• Plant Cells contain cell walls, chloroplasts and a large central vacuole
• Animal Cells contain centriole• Both plant and animal cells contain:
cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus and many organelles
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5. Define ORGANELLE
•Any tiny structure that performs a specialized function or job in the cell
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6.A: Cell Membrane
• Gatekeeper-allows only certain things to enter or leave the cell
• Made of a Phospholipid Bilayer• Fluid mosaic theory describes
the modern view of the cell
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6.B: Cytoplasm
• Jelly-like substance between cell membrane and the nucleus.
• All organelles are suspended in this substance
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6.C: Chromosomes
•Contain genetic blueprints/DNA that control all of a cell’s activities
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6.D: Ribosomes
•Found free floating OR on the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
•Produces proteins
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6.E: Chloroplast
• Uses photosynthesis to make food/sugar
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6.F: Vacuole
• Store water, ions and waste products
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6.G: Mitochondria
• ENERGY• Cells that require MORE energy
contain MORE mitochondria
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6.h: Golgi Apparatus
•Packages substances up for shipment out of the cell
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6.I: Nucleus
• Control center of the cell – all of the cells activities are directed by this organelle
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6.J: Nuclelous
• Inside nucleus-Makes Ribosomes!
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6.K: Endoplasmic Reticulum
•Smooth ER: Transports and processes lipids
•Rough ER: Transports and processes lipids
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6.L: Centriole
•Helps organize spindle fibers during cell division
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7.A: How do you carry a microscope?
•1 hand on the arm and the other on the base
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7.B: When do you use the coarse adjustment?
•Use while scanning or on low power to locate the object you are trying to observe. Never use on high power!!!
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7.C: How do you find the total magnification of a microscope?
•Multiply the magnification of the eyepiece times the magnification of the objective lens you are using.
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7.D: Why do we stain items we observe with a microscope
•Stains darken light objects making them easier to observe
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7.E: How does the “field of view” change when you change the
magnification?•The higher the magnification,
the smaller the field of view
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7.f: What is the difference between a compound light microscope and a
stereoscope?
• Compound light looks at smaller objects, shows images in 2D and shows the image backwards
• Stereoscope looks at larger objects, shows images in 3D and show the image the way that it truly is.
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