危機管理 - nacs.gov.t€¦ · 危機管理 4-1 危機管理 課程目標 危機管理(crisis...

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危機管理 4-1 危機管理 課程目標 危機管理(crisis management)自1980年代以來在公共事務學界及實 務界日益受到重視,相關的研究成果隨著個案分析及學理的討論,也有 豐碩的成果。危機管理可應用在不同的層次,例如個人、組織、社區、 政府,甚至是跨國界等。隨著環境不確定性的增加、科技的進步、民眾 權益的高漲,以及風險社會的來臨,政府在施政的過程中,經常面對各 項危機的挑戰,危機管理亦是政策執行階段成敗歸因與影響所在。如何 提升公部門及公務人員的危機管理能力相對的也成為重要的課題。本課 程從危機管理的基本概念出發,藉由危機管理架構的搭建以及實務個案 的研討,期望學員透過本課程的研習後可以達成下列的目標: 一、理解危機管理的基本概念與階段。 二、培養高階文官危機診斷能力。 三、認識危機領導與決策的重要意義與步驟。 四、學習危機應變與公關之策略。 學習指標 完成本課程的學習者,應能具備下列的危機管理知能: 一、具有診斷公部門組織及政府施政過程危機之能力。 二、發揮危機領導與有效危機決策之能力。 三、運用危機應變與公關策略之能力。 四、有效預防及因應危機事件之能力。

Transcript of 危機管理 - nacs.gov.t€¦ · 危機管理 4-1 危機管理 課程目標 危機管理(crisis...

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    crisis management1980

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    stable

    environmentlinearrational process

    risk societyBeck, 1986

    chaosturbulence

    butterfly effect

    Mintzberg, 1990; 2012

    2013

    50

    hot spot73%

    3

    The Earth Institute, 2005

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    effective crisis management

    crisis

    crimeinto decidecrisis

    dividecrucialcriticaldecisive

    turning

    point201120002004Fearn-Banks

    1996

    20002004

    Lerbingrt,

    1997

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    Coombs, 1998

    Rosenthal and Kouzmin, 19972013

    Coombs2012: 72

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    man-made crisis

    natural crisis5

    natural disastersaccidents

    technological accidents induced

    catastropheswar-related emergency

    of civilians20002004Otto Lerbinger7

    2009Seeger

    2003

    --

    -

    --

    --

    42004

    mitigation policy

    structural

    unstructural

    preparedness policy

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    response policy

    ,

    recovery policy

    4

    uncertainty

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    Hodgkinson, 1991Chenhall & Morris1986

    awareness of risk

    was not recognized

    invalidKoller,

    20071992bovine spongiform

    encephalopathy, BSE

    Ministry of Agriculture Fisheries and Food, MAFF

    1996

    3

    Beck, et al.,

    2005

    vulnerability

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    Blaikie et al., 1994; Cutter et al., 1997; Mileti,

    19992012

    organizational resilience

    resilienceDoe, 1994Horne III

    1997

    4

    4

    -

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    1

    2004

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    Boin, et al.,

    2005

    5Boin, et al., 2005

    Sense-making

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    Decision making

    1963

    Meaning making

    911

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    Terminating

    Learning

    3

    2004

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    SOPs

    Dayton2014

    urgency

    anticipated

    771

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    anticipated

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    Extended

    time

    39 cases50%

    NATA Kosovo Crisis

    Waco Disaster

    LA County Drought

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    engage others

    16 cases21%

    Gulf War Crisis 1990

    Clinton Impeachment

    Love Canal

    Contamination

    IIReflection

    be innovative

    55

    71%

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    Short time

    7 cases9%

    Hurricane Katrina

    US Airways Flight

    1549

    London Bombing 2005

    III

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    follow the plan

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    2001 Anthrax Attacks

    DC Sniper Attacks

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    Sylves,2008

    Boin,2009; Quarantelli,1988

    Hawitt and Leonard,2009,

    pp.131-136; Moynihan,2009

    2006

    command-control model

    coordination and communication

    model

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    Incident Command Systems, ICS

    ICS

    ICS

    ICS

    ICS

    ICS

    Moynihan, 2009

    2006

    Moynihan2009

    3 network

    diversityshared authority

    work relations and trust

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    ICSICS

    ICS

    ICSICS

    ICS

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    510

    Hodgkinson, 1991

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    4

    Hodgkinson, 1991

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    Coombs2007

    primarysupplemental

    3denydiminish

    rebuild

    2011

    Katrina

    Coombs2006

    3quickconsistent

    openness

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    250

    80100

    1212

    2035

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    12

    1

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    SOP

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    social media

    FacebookLine

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