CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR. THREE MAIN CAUSES SLAVERY – main cause SECTIONALISM – favoring one...
-
Upload
agnes-boone -
Category
Documents
-
view
217 -
download
2
Transcript of CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR. THREE MAIN CAUSES SLAVERY – main cause SECTIONALISM – favoring one...
![Page 1: CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR. THREE MAIN CAUSES SLAVERY – main cause SECTIONALISM – favoring one region over the whole country SECESSION/STATES’ RIGHTS – breaking.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062515/56649cdb5503460f949a60eb/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR
![Page 2: CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR. THREE MAIN CAUSES SLAVERY – main cause SECTIONALISM – favoring one region over the whole country SECESSION/STATES’ RIGHTS – breaking.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062515/56649cdb5503460f949a60eb/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
THREE MAIN CAUSES
• SLAVERY – main cause
• SECTIONALISM – favoring one region over the whole country
• SECESSION/STATES’ RIGHTS – breaking away from the country/believing states are more important than nation
![Page 3: CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR. THREE MAIN CAUSES SLAVERY – main cause SECTIONALISM – favoring one region over the whole country SECESSION/STATES’ RIGHTS – breaking.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062515/56649cdb5503460f949a60eb/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Missouri Compromise
• Who – Henry Clay – the Great Compromiser• What – set line to divide free and slave states in
future (except Missouri); Missouri enters as a slave state, Maine as a free state
• When – 1820• Where – Missouri, Maine, Western Territory• Why – kept balance of slave and free states –
12 of each• Drew a line along the southern border of
Missouri across Louisiana Purchase. Everything North of line would be free. Everything South of line would be slave.
![Page 4: CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR. THREE MAIN CAUSES SLAVERY – main cause SECTIONALISM – favoring one region over the whole country SECESSION/STATES’ RIGHTS – breaking.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062515/56649cdb5503460f949a60eb/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Missouri Compromise
![Page 5: CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR. THREE MAIN CAUSES SLAVERY – main cause SECTIONALISM – favoring one region over the whole country SECESSION/STATES’ RIGHTS – breaking.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062515/56649cdb5503460f949a60eb/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Nat Turner’s Rebellion
• Who – Nat Turner, 17 other slaves – David Walker “An Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World”
• What – rebellion against slave owners, killed 55 white people
• When – August 21, 1831, Nat Turner hanged on November 11, 1831
• Where – Virginia (just over NC/VA border)• Why – freedom from slavery• How – 1. Kill white slave owners• 2. Capture county capital• 3. Take over Virginia
![Page 6: CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR. THREE MAIN CAUSES SLAVERY – main cause SECTIONALISM – favoring one region over the whole country SECESSION/STATES’ RIGHTS – breaking.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062515/56649cdb5503460f949a60eb/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR. THREE MAIN CAUSES SLAVERY – main cause SECTIONALISM – favoring one region over the whole country SECESSION/STATES’ RIGHTS – breaking.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062515/56649cdb5503460f949a60eb/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Abolitionists
• Who – William Lloyd Garrison, Frederick Douglass, the Grimke sisters etc.
• What – people who wanted to end slavery• When – late 1700’s until 1865• 1863 – Emancipation Proclamation• 1865 – 13th amendment abolishes slavery• Where – all over the US, mostly in the North• Why – religious and moral reasons; enslaving human
beings is wrong• How – protests, pamphlets, newspapers ( the
Liberator), Underground Railroad, “Uncle Tom’s Cabin”
![Page 8: CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR. THREE MAIN CAUSES SLAVERY – main cause SECTIONALISM – favoring one region over the whole country SECESSION/STATES’ RIGHTS – breaking.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062515/56649cdb5503460f949a60eb/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Harriet Beecher StoweHer novel had a major impact on northern Attitudes towards slavery
Uncle Tom’s CabinMost famous anti-slaverynovel published – best-selling novelOf the 19th century – 2 millioncopies
![Page 9: CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR. THREE MAIN CAUSES SLAVERY – main cause SECTIONALISM – favoring one region over the whole country SECESSION/STATES’ RIGHTS – breaking.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062515/56649cdb5503460f949a60eb/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Abolition Leaders
William Lloyd GarrisonDavid Walker
Robert Finley
Angelina andSarah Grimke
![Page 10: CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR. THREE MAIN CAUSES SLAVERY – main cause SECTIONALISM – favoring one region over the whole country SECESSION/STATES’ RIGHTS – breaking.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062515/56649cdb5503460f949a60eb/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
FrederickDouglass
![Page 11: CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR. THREE MAIN CAUSES SLAVERY – main cause SECTIONALISM – favoring one region over the whole country SECESSION/STATES’ RIGHTS – breaking.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062515/56649cdb5503460f949a60eb/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
COMPROMISE OF 1850• Who – Henry Clay, Daniel Webster, John C.
Calhoun• What – 1. Ca. admitted as free state• 2. New Mex. and Utah – people vote on slavery• 3. DC – slavery, but no slave trade• 4. Strong Fugitive Slave Law – became major
issue• When – 1850• Where – Ca., New Mex., Utah, DC• Why – no more balance of free and slave states• 1849 – 15 of each• South would never again have even numbers• How – Congress approves, keeping nation from
breaking apart
![Page 12: CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR. THREE MAIN CAUSES SLAVERY – main cause SECTIONALISM – favoring one region over the whole country SECESSION/STATES’ RIGHTS – breaking.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062515/56649cdb5503460f949a60eb/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR. THREE MAIN CAUSES SLAVERY – main cause SECTIONALISM – favoring one region over the whole country SECESSION/STATES’ RIGHTS – breaking.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062515/56649cdb5503460f949a60eb/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
KANSAS-NEBRASKA ACT
• Who – Stephen Douglas• What – repealed Missouri Compromise,
allowed people to decide slavery for themselves (popular sovereignty), “Bleeding Kansas” – violence over slavery
• When – Act is passed in 1854, Nebraska becomes free state in 1854, Kansas in 1859
• Where – Kansas, Nebraska
![Page 14: CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR. THREE MAIN CAUSES SLAVERY – main cause SECTIONALISM – favoring one region over the whole country SECESSION/STATES’ RIGHTS – breaking.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062515/56649cdb5503460f949a60eb/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Kansas-Nebraska 2
• Why – Belief that citizens of a state should decide whether it was slave or free, where to build transcontinental railroad.
• How – Act passed in Congress caused major violence in Kansas
![Page 15: CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR. THREE MAIN CAUSES SLAVERY – main cause SECTIONALISM – favoring one region over the whole country SECESSION/STATES’ RIGHTS – breaking.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062515/56649cdb5503460f949a60eb/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
![Page 16: CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR. THREE MAIN CAUSES SLAVERY – main cause SECTIONALISM – favoring one region over the whole country SECESSION/STATES’ RIGHTS – breaking.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062515/56649cdb5503460f949a60eb/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
DRED SCOTT DECISION• Who – Dred Scott, Roger
B. Taney• What – sued for his
freedom based on the fact that he had lived in a free state
• When – 1856-57• Where – Missouri, Illinois,
Wisconsin• Why – Supreme Court
ruled he could not sue since he was property, not a citizen
• How – anti-slavery lawyers helped Scott sue
![Page 17: CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR. THREE MAIN CAUSES SLAVERY – main cause SECTIONALISM – favoring one region over the whole country SECESSION/STATES’ RIGHTS – breaking.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062515/56649cdb5503460f949a60eb/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Lincoln-Douglas Debates• Who – Abraham Lincoln, Stephen Douglas• What – series of political debates – race for U.S.
Senate• When – 1858• Where – Illinois• Why – central theme became slavery. Lincoln
believed it was wrong and was opposed to it spreading to any new areas.
• Douglas wanted to leave slavery up to each state – Freeport Doctrine
• How – Douglas wins election, but debates make Lincoln famous and lead to his nomination as Republican candidate for President in 1860
![Page 18: CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR. THREE MAIN CAUSES SLAVERY – main cause SECTIONALISM – favoring one region over the whole country SECESSION/STATES’ RIGHTS – breaking.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062515/56649cdb5503460f949a60eb/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Lincoln believed that the Country would have to be allSlave or all free. “A houseDivided cannot stand.”
Abraham Lincoln
Stephen Douglas
![Page 19: CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR. THREE MAIN CAUSES SLAVERY – main cause SECTIONALISM – favoring one region over the whole country SECESSION/STATES’ RIGHTS – breaking.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062515/56649cdb5503460f949a60eb/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
RAID ON HARPER’S FERRYOCTOBER 16, 1859
• Who – John Brown, 21 whites and free blacks
• What – raid on arsenal at Harper’s Ferry, get weapons and ammo stored there, 10 of his men killed, the rest captured
• When – 10/16/1859 – attack on arsenal, John Brown and 6 others found guilty of treason and hanged on 12/2/1859
• Where – Harper’s Ferry, Virginia
![Page 20: CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR. THREE MAIN CAUSES SLAVERY – main cause SECTIONALISM – favoring one region over the whole country SECESSION/STATES’ RIGHTS – breaking.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062515/56649cdb5503460f949a60eb/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
JOHN BROWN
![Page 21: CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR. THREE MAIN CAUSES SLAVERY – main cause SECTIONALISM – favoring one region over the whole country SECESSION/STATES’ RIGHTS – breaking.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062515/56649cdb5503460f949a60eb/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Harper’s Ferry 2
• Why – was an abolitionist – hated slavery
• How – attacked arsenal with 21 followers, going to use weapons to begin slave revolt (None joined), stopped by Col. Robert E. Lee and US Marines
• This persuaded many southerners that they would have to leave the Union to preserve their rights.
![Page 22: CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR. THREE MAIN CAUSES SLAVERY – main cause SECTIONALISM – favoring one region over the whole country SECESSION/STATES’ RIGHTS – breaking.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062515/56649cdb5503460f949a60eb/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR. THREE MAIN CAUSES SLAVERY – main cause SECTIONALISM – favoring one region over the whole country SECESSION/STATES’ RIGHTS – breaking.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062515/56649cdb5503460f949a60eb/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Underground Railroad• Who - Harriet Tubman, Harriet
Jacobs, Sojourner Truth, conductors, Stationmasters, bounty hunters
• What - escape system for slaves out of the South, set up by free Blacks, escaped slaves, white abolitionists, and religious groups (Quakers)
• When – 1831 to 1850 – stopped by Fugitive Slave Law
• Where – mostly southern states to Canadian border, stations 2 to 20 miles apart
![Page 24: CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR. THREE MAIN CAUSES SLAVERY – main cause SECTIONALISM – favoring one region over the whole country SECESSION/STATES’ RIGHTS – breaking.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062515/56649cdb5503460f949a60eb/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Underground Railroad 2
• Why – Freedom for slaves, secret escape route
• How – secret routes, hid in attics, barns, cellars. Traveled by walking or in boats at night
![Page 25: CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR. THREE MAIN CAUSES SLAVERY – main cause SECTIONALISM – favoring one region over the whole country SECESSION/STATES’ RIGHTS – breaking.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062515/56649cdb5503460f949a60eb/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
ELECTION OF 1860Who – John Breckinridge –Southern DemocratStephen Douglas – Northern DemocratJohn C. Bell – Constitutional Union PartyAbraham Lincoln – RepublicanWhat – Presidential Election – Breckinridge gets
most southern states, Douglas gets Missouri, Bell gets Border States, Lincoln gets all northern states/not even on the ballot in the south
When – 11/6/1860Where – United States – South Carolina said it
would leave US (secede) if Lincoln won. SC secedes on 12/20/1860
![Page 26: CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR. THREE MAIN CAUSES SLAVERY – main cause SECTIONALISM – favoring one region over the whole country SECESSION/STATES’ RIGHTS – breaking.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062515/56649cdb5503460f949a60eb/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Election of 1860 2
• Why – to elect a President of the United States
• How – electoral college and popular vote split in the Democratic Party helped Lincoln win – he had 180 of 303 electoral votes, but only 40% of the popular vote
![Page 27: CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR. THREE MAIN CAUSES SLAVERY – main cause SECTIONALISM – favoring one region over the whole country SECESSION/STATES’ RIGHTS – breaking.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062515/56649cdb5503460f949a60eb/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
![Page 28: CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR. THREE MAIN CAUSES SLAVERY – main cause SECTIONALISM – favoring one region over the whole country SECESSION/STATES’ RIGHTS – breaking.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062515/56649cdb5503460f949a60eb/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
![Page 29: CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR. THREE MAIN CAUSES SLAVERY – main cause SECTIONALISM – favoring one region over the whole country SECESSION/STATES’ RIGHTS – breaking.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062515/56649cdb5503460f949a60eb/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
SECESSION
• SOUTH CAROLINA IS FIRST TO LEAVE THE UNION ON DECEMBER 20, 1860, FOLLOWED BY MS, FL, AL, GA, LA, AND TX.
• John J. Crittenden – proposed last plan to save the Union – Crittenden Compromise
• FEBRUARY 4, 1861 – CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA ARE FORMED
• JEFFERSON DAVIS IS ELECTED ITS FIRST PRESIDENT
• FIRST CAPITAL – MONTGOMERY, ALABAMA