Cassava as a Subsistence and CommercialCrop in Eastern...
Transcript of Cassava as a Subsistence and CommercialCrop in Eastern...
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CassavaasaSubsistenceandCommercial CropinEasternIndonesia
UniversityofBrawijayaTeam
Suhartini,WaniHadiUtomo,TitiekIslami,ErwinIsmuWisnubroto,FransiscaEshaAngela
ResearchcollaborationbetweenUniversityofBrawijaya,Balitkabi(ILETRI),ACIAR,CIAT,UniversityofQueensland
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INTRODUCTION
• Cassavaisa rootcropcommonlyusedasafoodandasourceofstarchforvariousindustries
• Indonesiaisthirdlargestcassavaproducerbutalsoalargeimporterofstarch
• AmajorproblemishighcostoftransportationconsideringIndonesiaisalargearchipelagowith16,056islands
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INDONESIA
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INTRODUCTION
• Indonesiaisatropicalcountrywithregionaldifferences inlandconditions andenvironments
• Inthewest(e.g.,NorthSumatra) climateisequatorialwithhigherrainfall
• Intheeast(e.g.,NusaTenggaraTimur = NTT)climateismonsoonalwithwetanddryseasons
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OBJECTIVE
• Theobjectivewastoanalyzetheroleofcassavaasasubsistenceandcommercial crop ontheislandofFlores ineasternIndonesia
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RESEARCHMETHODS
• The studywasconductedinSikkaRegency,Flores,NTT,selectedtorepresentareaswherecassavaisamajorstaplefood
• Therewere 2surveys:– ValueChainSurvey, interviewinggroupsoffarmersinthreevillages,traders,andsmall-scaleprocessorsin2016
– HouseholdSurvey, interviewing114cassavafarmersselectedbysimplerandomsamplingandfieldobservationin2017
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NumberofsurveyrespondentsSub-District Village No. Total %
Nitta Tebuk 2638 33.3Bloro 11
Lusitada 1Kangae Habi 18
60 52.6Tanaduen 19Namangkewa 1Langir 22
Koting KotingA 16 16 14.0
Total 114 100
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RespondentsbyagegroupAgeGroup Number Percent
27-33 5 4.434-40 14 12.341-47 28 24.648-54 20 17.655-61 15 13.262-68 10 8.869-75 5 4.476-82 3 2.6Total 114 100.0
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RESULTANDDISCUSSION
10
NumberofRespondents (basedongender)
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Numberofrespondentsbasedongender
Status Number Percentage
Male 41 36%
Female 73 64%
Total 114 100%
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RESULTSANDDISCUSSION
• Farmssizeissmall:average0.9ha• Cassavaisoneofthemaincrops inSikka• Athigherelevationscassavaiscultivatedwithinan agroforestrycroppingpattern
• Atlowerelevationscassavaisintercroppedwithmaizeandbeans
• Farmerscultivatecassavaforsubsistenceconsumption,tosellasafoodcrop,andforlivestockfeed
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Cropping PatternsZone Cropping pattern
Higher elevation,inland
Cassavain agroforestysystemwithcoconut,cacao,cashew, tamarind,banana,lontarpalm,candlenut(kemiri),pepper,nutmeg(pala),mango,avocado,maize
Lower elevation,coastal
Cassavaintercropped withmaize andbeans
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Cassavainagroforestrysystem
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Cassavaincoastalintercroppingsystemwithmaizeandpigeonpea
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Intercroppingtrialsincoastalzone
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Cassava Production
• Theinputsusedincassavaproduction:– Stakes (frompreviousyear’scultivation)– Labour• householdlabour• mutualcooperationwithotherfarmers• hiredlabour
– Fertilizer• Mostfarmersdidnotusefertilizer• Someused subsidised fertilizerformaize
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Cassavaproduction
• Mainpestiscassavamealybug- increasing
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Cassava Utilisation
• Cassavamainlyusedasfood,whetherconsumedbyfarm-householdortradedinlocalmarkets
• Utilisationofcassava– 30%forhomeconsumption,includingfoodandlivestockfeed
– 20%solddirectlytolocalmarket– 50%soldtotraders
• Farmerssellcassavagraduallyinsmallquantities(about10-20bundles,1bundle =5-10kg)
• ThereisnostarchfactoryinSikkaRegency
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0
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TotalScore
HouseholdPreferencesforFoodSecurity
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0
20
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180Cassava
Maize
Coconu
tMun
gBe
ans
Other
Fabric
Livestock
Cacao
Chesew
Peanut
Tham
arind
Enau
Banana
Cand
lenu
tCo
pra
Pumpkin
Mango
0
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HouseholdPreferenceforIncome
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LocalTextile(Tenun)
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Conclusion• Cassavafarminghasan importantroleinfoodconsumptionandtradewithinSikka
• Farmersusecassavaforhomeconsumption,livestockfeed,andtrade
• Canimproveproductivityofcassavaasfoodcrop– improvedintercroppinginlow-elevationcoastalzone– new,high-yieldingsweetvarietiesforlocalconsumption– pestanddiseasemonitoringandcontrol(mealybug)– investigationofpossibleprocessingindustries(e.g.,MOCAF ?,livestockfeed?)
– Large-scalestarchprocessingunlikelytobeprofitable
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Here’stoaprosperousfuture
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