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Cartographic Representation: Examples from the 2008 Election
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Cartographic Representation: Examples from the 2008 Election
Anthony C. RobinsonGeoVISTA Center / John A. Dutton e-Education Institute
The Pennsylvania State University
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How many ways can you map an election?
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Electoral Vote Winners, 2008
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Population Cartogram – Areas Resized by Population
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Electoral Vote Cartogram – Areas Resized By # of Electoral Votes
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County Choropleth – Winners (2 Classes)
Choropleth = Color-Filled Areas
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County Cartogram – Winners, Areas Resized by Population
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County Choropleth – Percentages of Votes
Unclassed Choropleth = Uses Continuous Color Ramp, Not Set # of Color Classes
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County Cartogram – Percentages of Votes
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Do maps always tell the truth?
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Red / Blue Dichotomy In Use, 2000
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Red / Blue (?) Dichotomy In Use, 2000
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Red / Blue, Extending Beyond Our Borders
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Shifts in Voting, Original – NY Times
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Shifts in Voting, Manipulated Color Saturation – Huffington Post
Saturation = Intensity of Color
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“The Past Isn’t Dead”, Allen Gathman, SE Missouri State University
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10 States of American Politics, beyondredandblue.org
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The View from 10.2006, surveyusa.com
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Polling Place Equipment, Verified Voting Foundation
Color Connotation = The Cultural Meaning of a Color
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Reported Voting Problems, ourvotelive.org
Choropleth Maps = Not Useful to Map Totals, Should Map Rates Instead
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Obamaland and McCainland, kottke.org
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What other ways can we look at this?
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3D Perspective, Washington Post
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Voters per Electoral Vote, NY Times
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Reaction to “The Fish”, Seneca Doane from DailyKos
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Voting and Population Density, from AxisMaps
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Words in Campaign Speeches, from AxisMaps
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Google Earth Mashup, Kenton Ngo of DailyKos
Map Mashup = Custom Map Created by Mixing Data From Multiple Web Sources
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Election maps = entertaining?
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Informal Real-Time Mapping, from a BeenUp2 Post
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Poking Fun, The Crikey Electoral College-O-Meter
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The Election Represented by The Onion
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What does the rest of the world think?
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Le Monde, France
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Global Electoral College, The Economist
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What these maps have in common…
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Every design has its purpose (often more than one)
Many are designed by people who have no cartographic training
The point of view of election maps is often highly opinionated
All of them are worth thinking about!
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Some closing thoughts…
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There is no “best” way to design a map
Every map simplifies reality to communicate an idea
Most people see maps as facts
Take it upon yourself to make responsible maps
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Thank you…