Careers work in schools: Careers work in schools: what are our options?what are our options?

David AndrewsDavid Andrews

Tuesday 30 October 2012, LondonTuesday 30 October 2012, London

ESRC Seminar SeriesESRC Seminar Series

““We don’t need no We don’t need no [careers] education[careers] education””

(in England)(in England)

Aims of careers work in schoolsAims of careers work in schools

to help students develop the skills and to help students develop the skills and confidence to make confidence to make realisticrealistic and and informed informed decisionsdecisions about their futures, for themselves, about their futures, for themselves, and to manage the and to manage the transitionstransitions from one stage of from one stage of their education, training and work to the nexttheir education, training and work to the next

to help students develop knowledge and to help students develop knowledge and understanding of learning, work understanding of learning, work and careerand career

Students’ needsStudents’ needs Careers InformationCareers Information

on post-13/14 (KS4) options, post-16 options,on post-13/14 (KS4) options, post-16 options, post-17 and post-18 options post-17 and post-18 options

on progression routeson progression routes comprehensive, up to date, accessiblecomprehensive, up to date, accessible

Careers Advice & GuidanceCareers Advice & Guidance linked to tutoring and mentoringlinked to tutoring and mentoring effective recording and referraleffective recording and referral impartialimpartial

(based on the needs of the learner, not the institution)(based on the needs of the learner, not the institution) Careers EducationCareers Education

how to use information and guidancehow to use information and guidance career management skillscareer management skills employability skillsemployability skills

The partnership approach (1973 - )The partnership approach (1973 - )

Schools Schools careers informationcareers information careers educationcareers education initial advice and guidance, and referrals to initial advice and guidance, and referrals to

external careers guidance serviceexternal careers guidance service External careers guidance serviceExternal careers guidance service careers guidance:careers guidance:

in context of IAG on wider range of wellbeing in context of IAG on wider range of wellbeing matters matters

support for careers informationsupport for careers information support for careers educationsupport for careers education

National Careers ServiceNational Careers ServiceFor adults (BIS) - £84.4M in 2012-13For adults (BIS) - £84.4M in 2012-13 online and telephone helpline servicesonline and telephone helpline services face-to-face careers guidanceface-to-face careers guidance

(free to priority groups) (free to priority groups)

For young people (DfE) - £4.7M in 2012-13For young people (DfE) - £4.7M in 2012-13 online and telephone helpline servicesonline and telephone helpline services

www.nationalcareersservice.direct.gov.uk 0800 100 9000800 100 900

[face-to-face careers guidance services on the open [face-to-face careers guidance services on the open market, if the local provider decides to offer such market, if the local provider decides to offer such services to schools, but not to be branded ‘NCS’]services to schools, but not to be branded ‘NCS’]

Education Act 2011: CEGEducation Act 2011: CEG Schools have a new statutory duty* to secure access to Schools have a new statutory duty* to secure access to

independentindependent careers guidance for pupils in Years 9-11 careers guidance for pupils in Years 9-11 (consultation on extending the duty down to Year 8 and (consultation on extending the duty down to Year 8 and up to age 18 in schools, sixth form colleges and FE**) up to age 18 in schools, sixth form colleges and FE**) ‘‘careers guidance’ must be presented as careers guidance’ must be presented as impartialimpartial, ,

include include informationinformation on all options in 16-18 learning, on all options in 16-18 learning, and promote the best interests of the pupilsand promote the best interests of the pupils

‘‘independent’ is defined as provided by persons other independent’ is defined as provided by persons other than those employed at/by the schoolthan those employed at/by the school

[[the duty applies to academies and free schools through the duty applies to academies and free schools through their funding agreements, but not to independent their funding agreements, but not to independent schoolsschools]]

The statutory duty to teach careers education has been The statutory duty to teach careers education has been repealedrepealed

** from September 2012 from September 2012** from September 2013** from September 2013

From September 2012From September 2012

Decisions about the careers education, and Decisions about the careers education, and careers guidance, young people receive will be careers guidance, young people receive will be made by schoolsmade by schools

There is a range of providers of careers There is a range of providers of careers guidance (local authority services, private guidance (local authority services, private providers, individuals, etc.)providers, individuals, etc.)

LAs retain responsibility for the targeted support LAs retain responsibility for the targeted support for the more vulnerable young people, including for the more vulnerable young people, including those who are NEET and those with SEN/LDD those who are NEET and those with SEN/LDD (e.g. Section 139a assessments) (e.g. Section 139a assessments)

Careers education and work-related learning, Careers education and work-related learning, including enterprise: including enterprise: school autonomyschool autonomy

Schools were already free to determine:Schools were already free to determine: the amount of time allocatedthe amount of time allocated what was taughtwhat was taught how it was taughthow it was taught where in the curriculum it was taughtwhere in the curriculum it was taughtThe only additional freedom that repealing The only additional freedom that repealing

the statutory duties gives schools is the the statutory duties gives schools is the freedom to drop these areas from the freedom to drop these areas from the curriculumcurriculum

school - external guidance service school - external guidance service partnershippartnership

Careers Service service level agreementsCareers Service service level agreements

Connexions partnership agreements Connexions partnership agreements

School-commissioned contracts with School-commissioned contracts with providers of careers guidanceproviders of careers guidance

Careers guidance from 2012: Careers guidance from 2012: external modelsexternal models

from the/a local authorityfrom the/a local authority from a careers guidance company from a careers guidance company from a sole trader/individual CAfrom a sole trader/individual CA from a social enterprise formed by several CAsfrom a social enterprise formed by several CAs from an EBPfrom an EBP from an FE college student services departmentfrom an FE college student services department from a local partnership of schools + sixth form from a local partnership of schools + sixth form

collegecollege from a university careers servicefrom a university careers service

Careers guidance from 2012: Careers guidance from 2012: internal modelsinternal models

employing a professionally qualified careers employing a professionally qualified careers adviseradviser

training a teacher, or member of the non-training a teacher, or member of the non-teaching staff, to provide career guidanceteaching staff, to provide career guidance

giving the job to someone not qualified or trainedgiving the job to someone not qualified or trained

Will it work?Will it work? ConcernsConcerns

no entitlement for studentsno entitlement for students inconsistent qualityinconsistent quality of service of service ““postcode lottery”postcode lottery” ““squeezed middle”squeezed middle”

ReviewsReviews Education Select Committee inquiryEducation Select Committee inquiry Ofsted theme inspectionOfsted theme inspection

Underlying problemsUnderlying problems no fundingno funding very limited supportvery limited support no monitoringno monitoring no sanctionsno sanctions

Other parts of the UK and the Other parts of the UK and the Republic of Ireland Republic of Ireland

WalesWales Single, public sector-funded, all-age careers serviceSingle, public sector-funded, all-age careers service Careers education statutory 13-19Careers education statutory 13-19

ScotlandScotland Skills Development ScotlandSkills Development Scotland Career Management Skills Framework for ScotlandCareer Management Skills Framework for Scotland

Northern IrelandNorthern Ireland Assembly Committee for Employment and Learning inquiry into Assembly Committee for Employment and Learning inquiry into

CEIAG strategyCEIAG strategy Republic of IrelandRepublic of Ireland

School-based guidance counsellorsSchool-based guidance counsellors Work with individuals (counselling) plus work on self-Work with individuals (counselling) plus work on self-

management skills to make choices (guidance)management skills to make choices (guidance) Concern re. funding allocations to schoolsConcern re. funding allocations to schools

Careers education and work-related learning, Careers education and work-related learning, including enterprise: including enterprise: schools’ responsibilitiesschools’ responsibilities

equipping young people to make effective use of equipping young people to make effective use of information, advice and guidanceinformation, advice and guidance

making cost-effective use of the career guidance making cost-effective use of the career guidance that schools will have to pay for in the futurethat schools will have to pay for in the future

developing young people’s career management developing young people’s career management and employability skillsand employability skills

New ACEG Framework for careers and work-New ACEG Framework for careers and work-related education 7-19related education 7-19

Quality in CareersQuality in Careers standard standardProfessional development for careers education Professional development for careers education

subject leaders?subject leaders?

Options for the future: 1Options for the future: 1Keep Calm and Carry OnKeep Calm and Carry On

FundingFunding DfEDfE

Support and sharing good practiceSupport and sharing good practice Local authorities and individualsLocal authorities and individuals National Careers ServiceNational Careers Service Career Development InstituteCareer Development Institute

Challenge and monitoringChallenge and monitoring National Careers ServiceNational Careers Service

Options for the future: 2Options for the future: 2Forward to the pastForward to the past

Re-visit the partnership modelRe-visit the partnership model Change the remit and funding for the Change the remit and funding for the

National Careers Service to make it a truly National Careers Service to make it a truly all-age careers guidance service for all-age careers guidance service for England, with partnership agreements with England, with partnership agreements with schools schools

Options for the future: 3Options for the future: 3a fresh start?a fresh start?

Develop a world-class, school-based modelDevelop a world-class, school-based model Career development professionals Career development professionals

employed by schoolsemployed by schools Responsible for providing careers Responsible for providing careers

information, advice and guidance and for information, advice and guidance and for leading on careers educationleading on careers education

Builds on current trends …Builds on current trends …

School autonomySchool autonomy Emerging practice in a significant minority Emerging practice in a significant minority

of schools not complying with the new of schools not complying with the new statutory dutystatutory duty

Blurring of roles between external careers Blurring of roles between external careers advisers and careers leaders in schoolsadvisers and careers leaders in schools

Established practice in FE colleges, HE Established practice in FE colleges, HE and many independent schoolsand many independent schools

Challenges …Challenges … Impartiality Impartiality

Bigger problem which careers guidance cannot solveBigger problem which careers guidance cannot solve

LMILMI Role for National Careers ServiceRole for National Careers Service Role for employers (I and A, but not G)Role for employers (I and A, but not G)

Professional Development and SupportProfessional Development and Support Role for National Careers Service and Career Role for National Careers Service and Career

Development Institute working togetherDevelopment Institute working together

FundingFunding Include an allocation in direct school grantInclude an allocation in direct school grant

Transition plan … Transition plan …

Where would the careers staff in schools come from?Where would the careers staff in schools come from? some careers coordinators in schools, more careers some careers coordinators in schools, more careers

advisers advisers Professional qualifications for the new roleProfessional qualifications for the new role QCG, plus modules on careers educationQCG, plus modules on careers education new Level 6 Diploma in Career Guidance and new Level 6 Diploma in Career Guidance and

Development, with new units on careers educationDevelopment, with new units on careers educationWhat would happen to the existing careers companies?What would happen to the existing careers companies? Regional providers of LMI and professional support Regional providers of LMI and professional support

services, commissioned by NCS and CDIservices, commissioned by NCS and CDI

So what next?So what next?

A discussion paperA discussion paper Consultations with interested partiesConsultations with interested parties Research of models in Ireland, USA, Research of models in Ireland, USA,

Australia, etc.Australia, etc.

Anyone interested in working further on this Anyone interested in working further on this please contact me:please contact me:

davidandrews_ceg@hotmail.comdavidandrews_ceg@hotmail.com