Carbon Neutral Energy from Waste Gasification
description
Transcript of Carbon Neutral Energy from Waste Gasification
![Page 1: Carbon Neutral Energy from Waste Gasification](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56814e2f550346895dbb9354/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Carbon Neutral Energy from Waste GasificationPresented by
Allen Medearis and Trip Dacus
April 14, 2010
University of Tennessee at Chattanooga
![Page 2: Carbon Neutral Energy from Waste Gasification](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56814e2f550346895dbb9354/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Outline Gasification UTC Natural Gas Replacement Design
-Background-Material and Energy Balance-Cost Analysis -Conclusions
Garbage Gasification Design-Basis
-ChemCAD
-Material Balance
-Power Production
-Economic Analysis
-Conclusion
![Page 3: Carbon Neutral Energy from Waste Gasification](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56814e2f550346895dbb9354/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Gasification Extracting Energy From Organic Materials Converts Carbonaceous Material Into
Carbon Monoxide and Hydrogen Uses High Temperatures (>700°C) and
Controlled Oxygen Content Result is Syngas (CO and H2)
GasifierWaste Syngas
![Page 4: Carbon Neutral Energy from Waste Gasification](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56814e2f550346895dbb9354/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Replacing UTC’s Natural Gas Usage
Use Wood and Paper Gasify to Make Fuel to Use in Furnaces Replace UTC’s Natural Gas Usage +20% with
Syngas
Assumptions -Wood and Paper Are Viewed as Cellulose- Syngas Can Be Sufficiently Burned to Power
the Furnaces
![Page 5: Carbon Neutral Energy from Waste Gasification](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56814e2f550346895dbb9354/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
UTC CO2 Footprint
![Page 6: Carbon Neutral Energy from Waste Gasification](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56814e2f550346895dbb9354/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Process Flow Diagram
![Page 7: Carbon Neutral Energy from Waste Gasification](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56814e2f550346895dbb9354/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Material and Energy Balance ResultsReplacing 120% of Natural Gas Usage
Material Composition of Feed
- 70% Cellulose
- 20% Water
- 10 % Ash
Feed Stream: 22.7 Tons/Day of Wood and Paper
Exit Stream: 17 Tons/Day of Syngas
![Page 8: Carbon Neutral Energy from Waste Gasification](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56814e2f550346895dbb9354/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Cost Analysis
Capital Costs-Grinder $60,000-Cleaner $350,000-Gasifier $330,000
Lang Factor (3.63) Labor Cost $300,000/year Annual Power Cost $10,000/year
![Page 9: Carbon Neutral Energy from Waste Gasification](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56814e2f550346895dbb9354/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Cost Analysis (cont’d)
Total Capital Cost: $2.7 Million
Time to Payoff: 3.6 Years
Total Savings Per Year: $770,000
![Page 10: Carbon Neutral Energy from Waste Gasification](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56814e2f550346895dbb9354/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Conclusions About UTC Design
Great Way for University to Save Money Fast Payoff Reduces Carbon Footprint of University
Recommend University Fund Further Research
![Page 11: Carbon Neutral Energy from Waste Gasification](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56814e2f550346895dbb9354/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Outline Gasification UTC Natural Gas Replacement Design
-Background-Material and Energy Balances
-Cost Analysis -Conclusions
Garbage Gasification Design-Basis
-ChemCAD
-Material Balance
-Power Production
-Economic Analysis
-Conclusion
![Page 12: Carbon Neutral Energy from Waste Gasification](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56814e2f550346895dbb9354/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Introduction
Gasify Chattanooga Waste for Production of Syngas
Burn Syngas in Combined Cycle Gas Turbine for Power Production
GasifierWaste Syngas Combined
Cycle Gas Turbine
Electricity
![Page 13: Carbon Neutral Energy from Waste Gasification](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56814e2f550346895dbb9354/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Basis - Assumptions
4.4 lbs of trash per person per day Chattanooga population - 300,000 Use existing trash collection infrastructure
![Page 14: Carbon Neutral Energy from Waste Gasification](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56814e2f550346895dbb9354/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Basis - RepresentativeChattanooga Trash Output –
660 tons/day of trash
Material Formula Percentage Tons/Day
Paper C6H10O5 63% 420
PET Plastic C10O8H4 20% 130
Water H2O 7% 45
Ash - 10% 65
![Page 15: Carbon Neutral Energy from Waste Gasification](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56814e2f550346895dbb9354/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Plant Design Schematic
Air
Air
Waste
Filter
Gasifier
Grinder
Combustion Turbine
Exhaust
Power
Ash/Slag
Power
Steam TurbineCondenser
![Page 16: Carbon Neutral Energy from Waste Gasification](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56814e2f550346895dbb9354/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Material Balance
RPM Gasifier System
Waste,660 tons/day
Air,3080 tons/day
Non-Fossil CO2
980 tons/day
H2O340 tons/day
Ash/Slag70 tons/day
N2
2350 tons/day
![Page 17: Carbon Neutral Energy from Waste Gasification](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56814e2f550346895dbb9354/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Power Generation
Power (MW)
Combustion Turbine 71
Steam Turbine 3
Total 74
Cooling Utility 13
![Page 18: Carbon Neutral Energy from Waste Gasification](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56814e2f550346895dbb9354/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Capital Cost Analysis
Capital Cost of Equipment = $27M
![Page 19: Carbon Neutral Energy from Waste Gasification](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56814e2f550346895dbb9354/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Capital Cost Analysis
ipLangTM CFC ,
CTM – Capital cost of the plant
Cp,i – Purchased cost for major equipment units
FLang – Lang Factor (3.63 for solid-fluid processing)
Total Capital Cost = $120 M
![Page 20: Carbon Neutral Energy from Waste Gasification](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56814e2f550346895dbb9354/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Economic Analysis
Displaced Expenses74MW sold at $0.05 per kW·hr = $31M
Expenses 10% of electricity for plant usage = $3M10 employees at $100,000 per year = $1M
Net Income = $27M
![Page 21: Carbon Neutral Energy from Waste Gasification](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56814e2f550346895dbb9354/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Cash Flow Diagram
4 ¼ Years to pay off capital investment
-140
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
20
40
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Years
$M
![Page 22: Carbon Neutral Energy from Waste Gasification](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56814e2f550346895dbb9354/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Recommendation
Based on this design, we recommend that the city should fund a detailed design study
![Page 23: Carbon Neutral Energy from Waste Gasification](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081506/56814e2f550346895dbb9354/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Thank you for listening!
Are there any questions?