Carbon Neutral Energy from Waste Gasification
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Transcript of Carbon Neutral Energy from Waste Gasification
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Carbon Neutral Energy from Waste GasificationPresented by Allen Medearis and Trip DacusApril 14, 2010University of Tennessee at Chattanooga
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Outline Gasification UTC Natural Gas Replacement Design
-Background-Material and Energy Balance-Cost Analysis -Conclusions
Garbage Gasification Design-Basis-ChemCAD-Material Balance-Power Production-Economic Analysis-Conclusion
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Gasification
Extracting Energy From Organic Materials Converts Carbonaceous
Materials Into Carbon Monoxide and Hydrogen
Uses High Temperatures (>700°C) and Controlled Oxygen Content
Result is Syngas
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Replacing UTC’s Natural Gas Usage
Use Wood and Paper Gasify to Make Fuel to Use in Furnaces Replace UTC’s Natural Gas Usage +20% with
Syngas
Assumptions -Wood and Paper Are Viewed as Cellulose- Syngas Can Be Sufficiently Burned to Power the Furnaces
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UTC CO2 Footprint
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Process Flow Diagram
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Material and Energy Balance ResultsReplacing 120% of Natural Gas Usage Material Composition of Feed
- 70% Cellulose- 20% Water- 10 % Ash
Feed Stream: 22.7 Tons/Day of Wood and Paper Exit Stream: 17 Tons/Day of Syngas
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Cost Analysis
Capital Costs-Grinder $60,000-Cleaner $350,000-Gasifier $330,000
Lang Factor (3.63) Labor Cost $300,000/year Annual Power Cost $10,000/year
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Cost Analysis (cont’d)
Total Capital Cost: $2.7 Million
Time to Payoff: 3.6 Years
Total Savings Per Year: $770,000
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Conclusions About UTC Design
Great Way for University to Save Money Fast Payoff Reduces Carbon Footprint of University
Recommend University Fund Further Research
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Outline Gasification UTC Natural Gas Replacement Design
-Background-Material and Energy Balances-Cost Analysis -Conclusions
Garbage Gasification Design-Basis-ChemCAD-Material Balance-Power Production-Economic Analysis-Conclusion
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Introduction
Gasify Chattanooga Waste for Production of Syngas
Burn Syngas in Combined Cycle Gas Turbine for Power Production
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Basis - Assumptions
4.4 lbs of trash per person per day Chattanooga population - 300,000 Use existing trash collection infrastructure
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BasisChattanooga Trash Output – 660 tons/day of trash
Material Formula Percentage Tons/Day
Paper C6H10O5 63% 420
PET Plastic C10O8H4 20% 130
Water H2O 7% 45
Ash - 10% 65
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Plant Design Schematic
Air
Air
Waste
Filter
Gasifier
Grinder
Combustion Turbine
Exhaust
Power
Ash/Slag
Power
Steam TurbineCondenser
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Material Balance
RPM Gasifier System
Waste,660 tons/day
Air,3100 tons/day
CO2
840 tons/day
H2O690 tons/day
Ash/Slag65 tons/day
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Power Generation
Power (MW)Combustion Turbine 71Steam Turbine 3Total 74
Cooling Utility 13
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Capital Cost Analysis
Capital Cost of the Plant = $27M per year
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Capital Cost Analysis
ipLangTM CFC ,
CTM – Capital cost of the plant
Cp,i – Purchased cost for major equipment units
FLang – Lang Factor (3.63 for solid-fluid processing)
Total Capital Cost = $120 M
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Economic Analysis
Income (per year) CHANGE74MW sold at $0.05 per kW·hr = $31M
Expenses (per year)10% of electricity for plant usage = $3M10 employees at $100,000 per year = $1M
Net Income = $27M per year
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Cash Flow Diagram
4 ¼ Years to pay off capital investment-140
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
20
40
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Years
$M
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Recommendation
Based on this design, we recommend that the city should fund a detailed design study
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Thank you for listening!
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