MEMORY AND STORAGE

CANETE, Jivan RayGOMEZ, Edgar Jr.JITO, Louisan Veth

STORE UNIT- saves data and instructions to make them readily available for initial or additional processing whenever required. Storage may refer to the computer’s hard disk and holds the following:

-Data and instructions for processing-Intermediate results of processing-Final results of processing

• MEMORY- is required to store files

MEMORY TERMINOLOGY

BIT- from the words binary digit, smallest unit of information in a computer. Bit is represented by numbers 1 and 0

BYTE- built from bits. A byte is composed of 8 bits. It provides enough possible patterns to represent a character

1 byte(B) 1 character or 8 bits pattern

1 Kilobyte(KB) 1024 bytes

1 Megabyte(MB)

1024 Kilobytes

1,048,576 bytes

1 Gigabyte(GB)

1024 Megabytes

1,073,741,824 bytes

1 Terabyte(TB)

1024 Gigabytes

1,099,511,627,776 bytes

EQUIVALENCE

TYPES OF STORAGE• A. PRIMARY STORAGE- is where data are

stored while processing is done. It is volatile and temporary

RAM- computer memory used to store given instructions which can later be changed or erased. It involves reading and writing

ROM-contains stored instructions that a computer requires to be able to do its basic routine operations

BIOS- set of routines that work closely with hardware to support transfer of information

Caching- storing of frequently used data in extremely fast RAM that connects directly to the CPU

Virtual memory- space on a hard disk used to temporarily store data and swap it in and out of RAM as needed

• B. SECONDARY STORAGE- where data are stored permanently. It provides cheap , non-volatile high capacity storage

DIRECT ACCESS MEDIA- supports sequential or random access where data can be accessed directly. Examples are floppy disk, hard disk and flash drive

SEQUENTIAL ACCESS MEDIA-where data are accessed in a specific order. An example of this is a magnetic tape

Secondary Storage Devices

Sequential Access Direct Access DevicesDevice

Magnetic Tape Magnetic Disks Optical Disks Memory Storage

-CD-ROM Devices -CD-RW -Flash Drive

Floppy Disk Hard Disk -DVD -Memory Card

-MOD

Commonly Used Mass Secondary Storage DevicesMagnetic Tape- sequential access storage

where blocks of data are stored serially along the length of the tape

.

Magnetic Disk- is a direct access storage media which is divided into tracks and sectors

a. hard disk-is often used as an extension of RAM

b. Floppy disk- much slower than

the hard disks. Examples of this are diskettes and ZIP disk

DISKETTE ZIP DISK

Optical Disk- rigid disk of plastic in which date are recorded by special lasers that physically burn into the disk(same technology as the CD)

a. Compact Disk>CD-ROM-non-erasable disk that stores computer data and can write data on the disk only once>CD-Rewritable- can erase and

rewrite data on the disk up to 1,000 times

Compact Disk

b. DVD-contains digitized and compressed video information as well as large volumes of other digital data. (e.g. DVD,DVD-R,DVD-RW)

c. MOD-a hybrid between magnetic disk and optical disk. It uses optical technology for read and magnetic recording technique with optical focusing.

DIGITAL VERSATILE DISC

MAGNETO-OPTICAL DISC

Memory Storage DevicesFlash Drive- data storage that includes flash

memory with an integrated Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface.

Memory Card-SD/MMC/CF/MSD- an electronic flash memory data storage device used for storing digital information

SOURCES:http://www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia/term/

63352/storage-vs-memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB_flash_drivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_cardhttp://www.technick.net