Can the experience of playing a shooting game be as different as chalk and cheese ?

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Can the experience of playing a shooting game be as different as chalk and cheese? Wannes Ribbens – KU Leuven Steven Malliet – UA / KHLIM

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Can the experience of playing a shooting game be as different as chalk and cheese ?. Wannes Ribbens – KU Leuven Steven Malliet – UA / KHLIM. Achtergrond. Recente kritiek op videogame-effectenstudies - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Transcript of Can the experience of playing a shooting game be as different as chalk and cheese ?

Page 1: Can  the  experience  of  playing  a  shooting  game  be  as different as  chalk and cheese ?

Can the experience of playing a shooting game be as different as chalk and cheese?

Wannes Ribbens – KU LeuvenSteven Malliet – UA / KHLIM

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Achtergrond

• Recente kritiek op videogame-effectenstudies

o Effecten van blootstelling zijn afhankelijk van individuele evaluaties van de spelers (Goldstein, 2005; Sherry, 2007)

o Spelersinterpretaties moeten beter in rekening gebracht worden (Goldstein, 1998; Klimmt, Schmid, Nosper, Hartmann, & Vorderer, 2006)

Blootstelling Focus op spelervaring en spelersbetrokkenheid

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Achtergrond• Game play als een onderhandelingsproces tussen speler

en spelo Game studies

• “Machines for a variety of expression” (Aarseth, 1997)

• Procedureel (Bogost, 2007) / simulationeel (Frasca, 2007)

o Game design• MDA framework (Hunicke, et al., 2004)

o Critical theory• “an act of appropriation by the players” (Malaby, 2007)

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In videogames heeft de speler een actieve rol in het creëren van de spelervaring en de inhoud van een spel (Juul, 2005; Simkins &

Steinkuehler, 2008).

De wijze waarop een spel gespeeld en ervaren wordt, kan een belangrijke rol spelen in het modereren of het verklaren van de mogelijke effecten van game play (Funk & Buchman, 1996; Weber,

et al., 2009).

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Overgang naar effectenstudies

• “Researchers from the social sciences and the humanities have largely talked past one another” (Williams, 2005, p.2).

• Kwantitatief <> Kwalitatief – theoretisch • Effectonderzoek gelinkt met televisiestudies

• Recent meer en meer integratie• Mediapsychologie (bv. Hartmann, 2011)

• Maar nog veel “braakliggend” terrein• Nieuwe concepten / Vertalen concepten traditionele media

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Speelstijlen

Identifying with predetermined violent strategies in video games may result in long-term desensitization to violence (Funk & Buchman, 1996)

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Speelstijlen

• Specifieke aspecten onderzocht• Social play (Gajadhar, de Kort, & Ijsselsteijn, 2008)

• Betrokkenheid (Calleja, 2007)

• Motieven: Uitdaging, competitie, … (Jansz & Tanis, 2005)

• …

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Speelstijlen• Sociale wetenschappen vooral inhoudsanalyses rond geweld

maar• Korte periode (Schmierbach, 2009)

• Verschillende spelers spelen anders (Lachlan & Maloney, 2009; Weber, 2009)

• Game design• Classificaties (Bartle, 1996; Bateman, 2009; Klug & Shell, 2006))

• Bekritiseerd omwille van beperkte empirische grondslag

• Game studies• Structurele analyses (Aarseth, 1997; Juul, 2005)

• Zegt weinig over de speler

• Culturele studies / Sociale wetenschappen• Specifieke focus op speelstijlen (Clarke & Duimering, 2006; Steinkuehler,

2005)

• Vaak rond MMORPGs

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Speelstijlen

• Vereisteno Focus op speler-spel interactieo Over voldoende tijd

• RQ1: Op welke wijze construeren spelers hun speelstijl in shooter games?

• RQ2: Worden verschillen in speelstijlen gevonden over verschillende shooter games heen?

• RQ3: Worden verschillen in speelstijlen gevonden binnen spelers van hetzelfde game?

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Methode (Ribbens & Poels, 2009)

• Drie methoden (N=26 studenten die shooter game speelden)o Kwalitatieve dagboekeno Retrospective think aloud protocolo Focusgroep interviews

• Eén analyseschema• Fictional world; game goals; game world; entities; interface; controls

• Games• GTA: San Andreas; GTAIV; Call of Duty: Modern Warfare; Half-Life 2; Medal of

Honor: European Assault; Counter-Strike.

• Inductieve analyse (Wester & Peeters, 2004)

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Speelassen

Gameplay driven

Efficiency

Reactive play

Risk-taking

Narrative driven

Exploration

Cognitive play

Prudent

Fictional world

Discovery

Strategy

Action

Verschillen tussen spelers van verschillende games maar ook binnen spelers van eenzelfde spel

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Speelstijlen

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Toekomstig effectenonderzoek?

Narratieve rechtvaardiging

Identificatie

Motivaties

Aanvallend - verdedigend

Cognitieve betrokkenheid

Experimenteren

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Beperkingen

• Steekproefo Studenten universiteito Verschillende rollen

• Gameso Beperkt aantal games

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Bedankt!

Wannes Ribbens

Institute for Media Studies – KU Leuven

[email protected]