C OOPERATIVE R ESEARCH IN THE R EGION, AND C APACITIES FOR E NHANCED P ARTNERSHIP Ibrahim Shaqir,...

COOPERATIVE RESEARCH IN THE REGION, AND CAPACITIES FOR

ENHANCED PARTNERSHIP

Ibrahim Shaqir, DirectorOffice of International Research Programs

November 2014

WLI 6 T H ANNUAL REGIONAL COORDINATION MEETING

TODAY

USDA Organizational Overview

USG, USDA, ARS Priorities

Researchable Issues and USG Initiatives

ARS International Research

Activity and Collaborating Countries

Programs and Bi-Lateral Cooperation

Project and Multi-lateral Collaborations

Global Partnering

Emerging Opportunities for Water Research Collaboration

USDA

USDA ORGANIZATIONUSDA

USDA and ARSARS is one of four agencies in the USDA Research, Education, and Extension mission area.

The others are: •The National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA), •The Economic Research Service (ERS), and•The National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS)

AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE

Thomas Vilsack,USDA Secretary

Dr. Cathie Woteki,Under Secretary, Research,

Education, and Extension (REE)

Dr. Chavonda Jacobs-Young,Administrator

Agricultural Research Service

Dr. Simon Liu,Acting Associate

Administrator, Operations

Dr. Steven Shafer,Associate Administrator,

National Programs

U.S. GOVERNMENT SCIENCE INITIATIVES

• STEM Enhancement• Open Data, Gov, Science• Climate Change• Scientific Advancement• Spurring Innovation• International Partnering• Harnessing US Expertise


http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&docid=ucec4--tCujBYM&tbnid=e2WIniF2NdXmWM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://eugeneflinn.blogspot.com/2012/06/today-june-14-2012-is-flag-day-special.html&ei=5D1QU4C4B67nsASb3oIo&bvm=bv.65058239,d.b2I&psig=AFQjCNG7-vIyD96cYpj1grhjYG0vJFZZ6Q&ust=1397854004614672

Rural Development

Bioeconomy

Climate Change Adaptation

Multiple Cropping Systems

GM/non-GM coexistence

Administrative Streamlining/Cost Savings

USDA Secretary Initiatives


USDA

USDA RESEARCH PRIORITIES

Local and Global Food Supply and Security

Crop & Animal Production

Crop and Animal Health

Crop and Animal Genetics, Genomics, Resources

Biotechnology

Consumer & Industry Outreach, Policy, Markets, Trade

Responding to Climate & Energy Needs

Responding to Climate Variability

Bioenergy/Biofuels and Biobased Products

Sustainable Natural Resources Use

Water Availability: Quality & Quantity

Landscape-Scale Conservation & Management

Nutrition & Childhood Obesity Food Safety Education & Science Literacy Rural Prosperity / Rural-Urban

Interdependence

USDA

ARS RESEARCH PRIORITIES

Environmental Stewardship

Crop Breeding and Protection

Animal Breeding and Protection

Food Safety

Human Nutrition

“Big Data” Management

Comparing varieties of alfalfa used for bioenergy in Minnesota.


ARS

ARS PROFILE

•2,200 scientists and post docs

•6,200 other employees

•90 laboratories

•$1.1 billion annual budget (+$107 mill in 2014)

•Partnerships/mechanisms

•NAL & National Arboretum

•Administration and stakeholder priority setting process

•USDA in-house science research (U.S. NARI)

•Farm-to-table research scope

•Information and technology transfer

•National Program Focus

•International collaborations & Overseas Labs

•800 research projects


ARS

“...we listen – and respond – to those with a stake in the outcome.”

ARS Program Dis-tributionARS Program Distribution

Nutrition, Food Safety, and Quality

27%

Natural Resources 18%

Animal Production and Protec-

tion14%

Crop Produc-tion and Protec-

tion39%

National Agricul-tural Li-brary

2%


ARS RESEARCH FACILITIES ARE IN ~90

U.S. LOCATIONS

AND IN ARGENTINA, AUSTRALIA, CHINA, AND

FRANCE

ARS Lab Locations


ARS

ARS National Programs


Animal Production and Protection

• Water Availability & • Watershed

Management • Climate Change, • Soils, & Emissions • Bioenergy • Agricultural &

Industrial Byproducts • Pasture, Forage, &

Rangeland Systems • Agricultural System

Competitiveness & Sustainability

• Plant Genetic Resources, Genomics, and Genetic Improvement

• Plant Diseases • Crop Protection and

Quarantine • Crop Production • Methyl Bromide

Alternatives

• Food Animal Production

• Animal Health• Veterinary,

Medical, and Urban Entomology

• Aquaculture

• Human Nutrition • Food Safety

(animal and plant products)

• Quality and Utilization of Agricultural Products

Nutrition, Food Safety and Quality

Natural Resources & Sustainable Agricultural

Systems

Crop Production and Protection

Food Security (including Biosecurity Engagement)

Climate Change/Natural Resources Management/Invasive Species

Bioenergy/co-products Nutrition Food Safety

ARS INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH PRIORITIES


ARS International

Memoranda of Understanding

Grants

Various cooperative agreements

CRADAs, etc.

MTAs

Informal – scientist to scientist

MECHANISMS FOR COLLABORATION

ARS International


Africa; 99; 5% Central Asia; 64; 3%

East Asia; 342; 19%

Europe; 642; 35%

MENA; 89; 5%

Oceana; 125; 7%

South Asia; 53; 3%

Western Hemisphere;

425; 23%

ARS International Collaborations-FY2013

1,842 International Research Activities; 44 Unique ARS Locations Includes 124 Projects with Brazil, 33 with Embrapa

ARS TOP 5 INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH ACTIVITIES

ARS Overseas Research

Biosecurity Engagement Program

(BEP) USDA/USAID- Feed

the Future (FtF) Bilateral Partnering Global/Multilateral

Partnerships (AgMIP, GFRA)

ARS International


European Bio Control Lab (France, with Greece satellite)

South American FUEDEI (Argentina, Foundation)

Sino-American Bio Control Lab (China, CAAS agreement)

Australian Bio Control Lab (Australia, CSIRO agreement)

Cotton Winter Nursery, Tecoman, Mexico

ARS: OVERSEAS RESEARCHBIOSECURITY


ARS supports the threat reduction mission to:

Reduce dual-use of biological technologies

Capacity Building for infectious disease surveillance, diagnostics, and control

PARTNER: STATE, DODBIOSECURITY ENGAGEMENT

BIOSECURITY


Post SARS/AI, BEP expanded focus:

SE Asia (Indonesia, Viet Nam, Philippines, Thailand

Middle East/North Africa (Yemen, Egypt, Algeria)

Sub Saharan Africa (Kenya, South Africa)

South Asia (India, Pakistan)

Zoonotic Disease Research:

FMD, Brucella, Newcastle disease, parasitology, Rift Valley Fever (RVF): Pakistan, India, Thailand, Philippines, Indonesia, Vietnam, Kenya, South Africa, Egypt, Yemen

Training Diagnostic techniques for Newcastle disease, Avian influenza: Middle East, Southeast Asia, Central Asia and Caucasus

Biological safety and security: Pakistan

International RVF workshop

2012 Brucellosis workshop – Africa

PARTNER: STATE, DODBIOSECURITY ENGAGEMENT

BIOSECURITY


Ug99 wheat stem rust

Livestock production & health

Pulse production

Mycotoxins

PARTNER: USDA/USAID NORMAN BORLAUG COMMEMORATIVE

RESEARCH PROGRAM FEED THE FUTURE

FOOD SECURITY

EMBRAPA- LABEX

Established 1998 with ARS

Brazil Scientists to ARS

Improves bi-lateral relationship and cooperation

Synergizes research efforts and resources

Enhances economic growth via tech transfer

Examples

INTERNATIONALPARTNERING


Labex US – Collaborative Work 2012-2013

6 Focus Areas/Clusters of Excellence - Long Term, 2 to 3 yrs

13 Visiting Scientists - Mid Term, 6 to 18 months

6 Visiting Scientists - Short Term, < 6 months

10 Capacity Building Activities - Short and Mid Terms

2 Courses, 1 Symposium, and 6 Workshops

10 Science Without Borders Proposals

37 Scientist Visits from Brazil

21 Scientist Visits from US to Brazil

40+ Publications in Journals

81+ International Institutional Interactions

87+ National Institucional Interactions

RDA- RAVL

Established 2004

RAVL- Virtual Lab

Korean Scientists to ARS

Research and development on plant genomics and adaptation to climate change, and GMO biosafety

Examples

INTERNATIONALPARTNERING


Complex researchable problems Address biology, physics, social, economic,

political or other human concerns that affect acceptance, implementation, and adoption of new technologies

Open, engaged culture allows ideas from engaged participants of any level

Science-driven solutions

Research Agenda for Global Research Collaboration Platforms

Global Effort

Global Foot & Mouth Research Alliance

Global Strategic Alliances for Research Coordination on Major Infectious Diseases of Animals and Zoonoses (STAR-IDAZ)

Global Research Alliance on GHGGRIN GlobalBorlaug Global Rust InitiativeInternational Research Initiative

for Wheat Improvement (G20-Paris, June 2011)

Global/Multilateral Partners= Synergy


Models: Regional Solutions Scaled for Global Impact

Examples



Examples

Agricultural Model Intercomparison and Improvement Project

AgMIP Crop Model Intercomparison Pilot Studies

• Wheat (27 models), Maize (25), and Rice Model (~15) Pilots underway• Pilots under development for sugarcane, millet/sorghum, soybean,

groundnut, potato, and livestock

= Wheat location

= Maize location

= Rice location

0˚

0˚ 90˚-90˚

45˚

-45˚= Sugarcane location

Rosenzweig et al., 2012

WLI TUNISIA – USDA LINKAGES

ARS Partner Labs: Hydrology and Remote Sensing, Vegetable and Forage Crops Production Research, Soil and Water Management Research

Three Tunisian Post Docs in USDA Labs

USAID or US State Dept. Funding for Future

Capacity building (3 Post docs): rangeland restoration, small ruminant health, marginal water use

MENA- WISP- engage USAID, NASA, USGS, and USDA

Tall Fescue Production: USDA ‘inducer system’ that promotes fodder growth

Reintroduction of Tunis sheep breed from US collection

Examples

PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE

Web site: http://www.merimis.org/

Weather stations

Weighing lysimeter

Examples

http://www.merimis.org/

http://www.merimis.org/

SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) PGA-BIOECON is the Parallel Genetic Algorithm for

Computation of Biophysical and Economic Multiobjective EPIC (Environmental Policy Integrated Climate) model WEPP is the Water Erosion Prediction Project model WEPS, the Wind Erosion Prediction System AGNPS is the AGricultural Non-Point Source Pollution CQESTR RZWQM2 (Root Zone Water Quality Model)

Global Opportunities- resource sharing and synergy, global scalability?

ARS Models: some examples



Examples

Vision to conduct scientific research leading to future advances in crop production, quality and safety

Serves as a bridge between fundamental research for basic understanding of plant function and development of safe biotech applications.

The three research components:

1. Functional utilization of plant genomes (eg, development of multiple plant model systems )

2. Biological processes that improve crop productivity and quality (eg, controlling ripening, insect resistance mechanisms)

3. Plant biotechnology risk assessment

BIOTECHNOLOGY AND TRENDS IN CROP RESEARCH


Resources

RESEARCH PIPELINE

Conventional Breeding

Biotechnology Breeding

Enhanced germplasm and varieties

Enhanced genetic, genomic, bioinformatic, genetic resource research, management, and breeding capacities

Enhanced knowledge and toolkits

Crop genetic improvement

Crop genetic and genomic resources and information management

Crop biological and molecular processes

Genetic raw materials, germplasm Genetic, genomic, bioinformatice, and breeding tools,

techniques, and analytical approaches Data and information

USDA-ARS, USDA-NIFA, FS, NSF, DOE, ARPA-E

RESEARCHCOMPONENTS OUTPUTS

CONTRIBUTIONS & PRODUCTS


Resources

SPOTLIGHT ON EMERGING SCIENCE

ARS LOCATIONS CROP ET & WUE

Bushland, TX Alfalfa, Turfgrass, Cotton, Sorghum, Corn, Soybean, Sunflower, Winter wheat

Ft. Collins, CO Wheat, Sunflower, Corn, Dry Beans, Alfalfa

Lubbock, TXDawson, GA

Cotton, Peanut, Grain Sorghum

Maricopa, AZ Cotton, Wheat, Camelina, Lesquerella

Parlier, CA Broccoli, Garlic, Lettuce, Pepper, Onion, Fruit trees

Stoneville, MS Cotton, corn, soy

ARS LOCATIONS ET RESEARCH

Bushland, Lubbock, Parlier, Maricopa

Reference Evapotranspiration Methods

Bushland, Lubbock, Maricopa

Evaporation & Transpiration Partitioning

Bushland, Lubbock, Ft. Collins, Stoneville

Tillage Effects

Bushland, Dawson, Lubbock, Ft. Collins, Parlier, Sidney, MT

Deficit Irrigation & Application Method Effects

Beltsville, Bushland, Lubbock, Maricopa, Stoneville

Spatial Evapotranspiration

Parlier, Riverside Water Table & Salinity Effects


Resources

S P OT L I G H T ON EM ER G I NG S C I ENCE

ARS LOCATIONS RESEARCH

Riverside, CAMaricopa, AZParlier, CA

Waste Water Reuse

Bushland, TXColumbia, MOFlorence, SCMaricopa, AZStoneville, MS

Site-Specific Variable Rate Irrigation with Plant & Soil Feedback Sensing

Bushland, TXColumbia, MODawson, GAFlorence, SCFort Collins, COKimberly, IDMaricopa, AZStoneville, MS

Water Use Efficiency as Affected by Cultivar, Management & Environment, including drought stress

ARS LOCATIONS RESEARCH

Beltsville, MDBushland, TXMaricopa, AZStoneville, MS

Remote sensing of Evapotranspiration and Yield - WUE

Bushland, TXEl Reno, OKFort Collins, COTemple, TX

Modeling of Evapotranspiration and Yield – Water Usage Effectiveness

Bushland, TXMaricopa, AZStoneville, MS

Plant and Soil Sensor Development


Resources

Agricultural Research: collaboratively leading America and

the world to a stronger future


C OOPERATIVE R ESEARCH IN THE R EGION, AND C APACITIES FOR E NHANCED P ARTNERSHIP Ibrahim Shaqir,...

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