Byzantine Empire (330-1453)
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Byzantine Empire (330-1453)
AIM: Why was the Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantine Empire) successful while the Western Roman Empire, was not?
Do Now: List at least three (3) causes of the fall of the Roman Empire?
AD or BC?
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What were three (3) Causes of the fall of the Roman Empire?
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Split of Roman Empire
• The Byzantine Empire with territory in the Balkans, the Middle East, and the eastern Mediterranean, maintained very high levels of political, economic, and cultural life between 500 and 1450 C.E.
• The Byzantine Empire, once part of the grater Roman Empire continued flourishing from an eastern Mediterranean base after Roman decline
• The empire continued many Roman patterns and spread its Orthodox Christian civilization through most off eastern Europe.
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The Origins• 292: Diocletian
divides the Roman empire into two.
• 324: Constantine reunites the two parts
• 330: Constantine builds a new capital in the location of ancient Byzantium
• 337: The death of Constantine results in division between east and west.
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Constantinople Successive emperors build strong walls, palaces,
churches, gardens, aquaducts and made the city the biggest, strongest and most enlightened city of medieval Christendom
The Walls of Theodosius
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Cistern Basilica
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Hippodrome (Circus Maximus)
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Emperor Justinian
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The Age of Justinian (527-575)• 536: Re-conquest of Rome
and much of Italy took many years.
• North Africa and the Spanish coast were easily conquered.
• Victories over Persia in the east consolidate the borders
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Hagia Sophia, Church of the Holy Wisdom, 6th c.
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Byzantine Art: Mosaicsand Illuminated Manuscripts
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Justinian’s Legacy
• Built Hagia Sophia Church which remained the seat of Eastern Christianity until the Fall of Constantinople.
• Rebuilt the Hippodrome (chariot race track)
• 552: Byzantine monks sneak silkworms and mulberry out of China.
• Justinian orders the codification of Roman Christian law know known as the Justinian Code
• Destroyed the last stronghold of paganism (non-believers in Christianity)
• Ruled as an Autocrat with help from wife Theodora.
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The Byzantine empire in 565, at its largest expansion ever.
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The End of the Byzantine Empire• The Byzantine empire drew
to a close in 1453 when forces from the Muslim Ottoman Empire which surrounded and conquered Constantinople.
• The ancient Christian city was renamed Istanbul and became the capital of the Ottoman Empire.
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The Timeline of the Byzantine Empire
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The Contributions/Achievements of the Byzantine Empire