By : DR. Ir. Muhammad Firman, M.For.Sc.

Director Soil and Water Conservation

Directorate General of Watershed Management and Protected Forest

Ministry of Environment and Forestry, The Republic of Indonesia

February, 2016

PT Kelian Equatorial Mining,

East Kalimantan Province

1. Conservation of Soil and water

2. Biodiversity3. Micro climate4. Reducing carbon

emission5. Source of

germplasm6. Flora and fauna

habitat

1. Illegal logging

2. Forest fire

3. Developing of

agriculture/crop

plantation/ public

work

4. Mining5. Forest land

Occupation

FOREST IN INDONESIAFOREST RESOURCE FOREST THREATFOREST FUNCTION

FACTS

1. Critical land 24.3 million

hectares (rate 0.8 m ha

/year)

2. National terget of Forest

and Land Rehabilitation

2015-2019 : 5,5 million

hectares ( 1.1 m ha /year)

Forest Resource Potency

• wood • Non-wood Forest Product • Environmental and tourism services • Mineral • Oil and gas • Geothermal• Provide space for others development sector

Conservation Forest (17%),

21,810,000 Ha

Protected Forest (24%),

30,000,000 Ha

Production Forest (59%),

75,210,000 Ha

Indonesian State Forest : 127.030.000 Ha(67% of total area of Indonesia)

1. National Contitution of 1945: Natural resources is controlled by the state and used for the welfare of people in the country

2. Basic Forestry Regulation No. 41,1999: Utilization of state forest that effect forest degradation have obligation to conduct forest reclamation and watershed rehabilitation.

1.Utilization of forest area for

other sector development

can only available on

production forest and

protected forest.

2.Without changing the basic

function of forest.

3. Forest utilization for mining

through permit granting of

Minister of Environmental

and Forestry by considering

environmental sustainability.

4. Inside protected forest

areas is prohibited to

implement open pit mining.

REGULATION ON STATE FOREST AREA UTILIZATIONFOR MINING SECTOR

1. Each granted permit holder

is obliged to conduct forest

reclamation (government

rule no. 76, year 2008).

2. Each user state forest areas

that cause forest

degradation is obliged to

rehabilitate (government rule

No. 24, year 2010).

3. Forest reclamation is holistic

part on mining activities

(Rule of Minister of Forestry

No. 4, year 2011)

4. Each granted permit holder

have to conduct Plantation

in order to Watershed

Rehabilitation (Rule of

Minister of Forestry No. 16,

year 2014)

Forest Reclamation and Watershed Rehabilitation

CONSTITUTION AND BASIC FORESTRY REGULATION

GOVERNMENT/MINITRY REGULATION

FORESTRY POLICIY ON MINING SECTOR

Companny operate mining within forest area must applied permit to Ministry of Environment and Forestry (MOEF)

MOEF issue permit for mining Operation to comanny

Mining operation potencially Increase in area of deforestation and critical land

Mining Companny gets permitfor mining operation have to conduct

two obligations

Reclamation of mining area • Recl areas = permit areas• using indemic species• Intensif plantation • after recl, returned to Gov

Watershed Rehabilitation : • the areas = areas of maining permit • min 80 % state forest , max 20 % non state forest• the location propose by companny in Watershed

(Prod Forest, Protected forest, Conservation forest, mangrove and peat land

• complated in 3 years since permit issued• species planted; indemic wood tree, MPTS

RECLAMATION AND WATERSHED REHABILITATION

IMPACT OF MINING ACTIVITIES

• Changing landscape (increasing of

erosion and stability of soil)

• Open area due to loss of

vegetation

• Increase in area of deforestation

and critical land

• Disturbance of catchment area

• Ecosystem disturbance due to loss

of biodiversity and wildlife habitat

• Increasing of run off due to loss of

top soil and high sedimentation

PT Kideco Jaya Agung, East Kalimantan Province

FOREST RECLAMATION

Efforts to repair and restore the demaged

forest land and vegetation due to mining

activity, return to its optimum condition

and function base on the initial

management objective.

WATERSHED REHABILITATION

Efforts to restore, maintain, and improve

forest and land functions so that its carrying

capacity, producttivity and its role in

supporting the life support system is

maintained.

DEFINITION

PT. Newmont

Minahasa Raya,

North Sulawesi

Province

STEP FOR FOREST RECLAMATION ACTIVITIES

I. Land arrangement Closure ex mining hole, Landscape setting (slope

stabilitation) Management of top soil.

II. Controlling of sedimentation and erosion Build soil conservation

construction, Planting cover crops.

III. Revegetation Field preparation, Seedling/nursery, Planting, and Maintenance of plantation.

PT. Newmont Nusa TenggaraWest Nusa Tenggara Province

East Kalimantan Province

East Kalimantan Province

ASSESMENT OF SUCCESS FOREST RECLAMATIONA. Land arrangement (score 30):Replenishment of mined land Arrangement of top surface land Slope stabilitySowing top soil

B. Sedimentation and erosion control (score 20) :Soil Conservation Construction Cover cropsIncident of sedimentation and erosion

C. Revegetation (score 50) :Wide of plantation areaGrowth percentage of plantation Number of plantation per hectares Species composition of plantation Growth and health of plantation

PT. Newmont Nusa TenggaraWest Nusa Tenggara

Province

No Score Qualification Acceptence

1 > 80 Good Succes, reclamation accepted

2 > 60 – 79 < Moderate Unsecces, unaccepted and need continoulsly maintenance until reach total score minimum 80.

3 < 60 Bad Fail, cannot be accepted and need more intensively maintenance until score minimum 80.

If the limit of permit granting has run out and forest reclamation activities not yet reach score of 80, the activity should be continued until 3 years by replanting or inrichment planting and intensively maintenance to total reach total score of > 80.

ASSESMENT ON FOREST RECLAMATION

PT. Newmont Nusa Tenggara - West Nusa Tenggara Province

STEP FOR WATERSHED REHABILITATION

I. PROPOSE REHAB LOCATION TO MOEF

Location of Rehabilitation proposed by company to Gov

Forest state min 80 % ( Production forest, protected forest, conservation

forest) and max 20 % non state forest

Attacced digital map scale 1 : 50.000

The area equel to permit area of maining operation

Obligation size = IPPKH + L3 + 10% (1: 1 + L3 + 10%)

II. DEFINE THE REHAB LOCATION

DG of Watershed Management and Protected Forest, MOEFdefine the definitif rehabilitation location base on proposed area by companny

III. PREPARING PLANNING AND DETAIL DESIGN

• Prepare pnatation map, species, planting space, seedling production

IV. REVEGETATION

Field preparation,

Seedling/nursery,

Planting, and

Maintenance of plantation ( Yo, Y1, Y2)

Evaluating return to Gov

• Number of plantation after assessment > 700 trees

/ ha State Forest

•Number of plantation after assessment > 1.100 trees / ha Urban Forest

•Number of plantation after assessment > 400 trees / ha Non State

Forest

ASSESMENT ON WATERSHED REHABILITATION

• Number of plantation after assessment > 3.300 trees / ha Mangrove

Forest

•Number of plantation after assessment > 600 trees / ha Border river and

Peatland area

FOREST RECLAMATION (UNTIL DECEMBER, 2015)

IPPKH stand for forest list permit

a. Active IPPKH is 595 units with a total area of 410,087.764 ha

b. IPPKH that are already recorded the progress of reclamation :

IPPKH 195 units , consisting of : - 186 units IPPKH (mining)

- 9 units IPPKH (non mining)

1) 186 units IPPKH (mining) consist of : 9 units Oil and Gas and 177 units

mineral , coal and mine excavation C

2) from 177 units IPPKH :

a) 145 units with a total area of ( 315,991.96 ha ) has implemented :

• Disturbed area of 64.092,63 ha ; 20,28 % of the total area .

• Reclamation area of 23.939,46 hectares ; 37,35 % of the total disturbed area.

b) 32 units IPPKH there has been no progress in the reclamation because there

has been no activity forest use, are under construction or still in the early

stages of production so that there are no areas that could/ready for

reclamation.

c. Oil-gas and Non Mining will carry out reclamation activities during the use

of the forest area has been completed.

REALIZATION ON FOREST RECLAMATION AND WATERSHED REHABILITATION

Watershed Rehabilitation (2011 - Dec 2015)

Based on the existing data in the Directorate of Soil and Water

Conservation , there are 574 companies/IPPKH area of 376.98,.82 hectares

are obliged to carry out planting to rehabilitate the watershed, with

details as follows :

a. IPPKH who has obtained the location and carry out planting area as

many as 210 companies /IPPKH area 134.7574,79 Ha .

b. IPPKH are in the process of establishing as much as 6 companies

/IPPKH area of 1.817,24 ha ,

c. IPPKH verified but the planting site has not been determined due to

not meet the technical requirements as much as 7 companies / IPPKH

area of 26.457,941 ha ,

d. IPPKH who have applied but not yet verified the planting site as many

as 207 companies / holders IPPKH area of 126,901.91 ha ,

e. IPPKH which has not proposed candidates for the planting site in

order to rehabilitate the watershed as many as 134 companies / IPPKH

area of 94.150,97 hectares.

PROBLEMS IN IMPLEMNTATION OF RECLAMATION

AND WATERSHED REHABILITATION

1. In same places, precentage of the planted tree grows is low due to limitted

of top soil and acid soil

2. Implementation of reclamation and Watershed Rehabilitation mostly face

with unpredicteble climate (arid and semi arid area), forest fire and forest

land occupation by local people

3. Claim of local people to the reclamation and watershed Rehab location

4. Limitted number and qualities of experts that expertise and background

in this area

5. Seedling production in nurssery for planting, some time, limitted due to

low quality of seed supply

6. Conflict beetwen Company and local people ( lack of involving local

people to the activitiies). Need more involvement and community

empowering local people)

7. Limitted model forest to reduce social conflict ( agroforestry model etc)

POTENTIAL COOPERATION

• Sharing on good practices, information and

technologies on forest reclamation and watershed

rehabilitation.

• Joint project/joint research on developing of Forest

Reclamation Model on mining area

(in humid, arid, semi arid area, etc)

• Human resources developing; training, comparative

study

• Community Empowering people surrounding mining

area

PT. Freeport Indonesia, Papua

PT. Santan Batubara,

East Kalimantan Province