Burma Independent News Agency jref ... · The Lightning N ewsletter ( 1 5- 1 - 99 )&ufae@w Gif pw...

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BINA Burma Independent News Agency

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Estate) vdktyfonfxuf aqmufvkyfjcif; (Macro Economic) tjriftay:wGiftajccHrbJ/ (Micro Economic) tjriftay:wGifom tajccHaom pdwful;wJh&mvrf;azmuf/ wHwm;aqmuf pDrHudef;rsm;a=umifh b%fvkyfief;rsm;rS &if;ESD;©ryfESHr_rsm;onf wdkif;jynfpD;yGm;a&;wdk;wufr_udk taxmuftul rðyjcif;a=umifh wdkif;jynf.pD;yGm;a&;rSm usqif;vmonf? xdk@tjyif EdkifiHwum aiGa=u;aps;uGufESifh qufpyfIr&aom yHkaoaiGvJvS,fE_ef;a=umihfvnf;aumif;/ EdkifiHwum aiGa=u;tzGJ@tpnf;rsm;. ausmaxmufaemufcHr_rsm; r&Sdaoma=umihfvnf;aumif; jrefrmEdkifiH.vuf&Sd b%fpepfrSm òyduGJysufpD;awmhrnfhbufqDodk@ OD;wnfaeayonf?

TtajctaeatmufwGif pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;rsm;/ ta&mif;t0,frsm; &yfqdkif;vsuf&Sd+yD; yk*~vduvkyfief;rsm;vnf; &yfqdkif;r_taES;tjref jzpfay:vmEdkifonf?xdkrSwqifh wdkif;&if;om;"e&Sifrsm;. tusKd;pD;yGm;tjyif ynmwwf"e&Sifaygufprsm;ESifh tvkyform;v,form;rsm;. ae@w"l0 toufarG;0rf;ausmif;vkyfief;rsm;udk xdcdkufvmrnfrSm rvGJ{uHjzpfayonf?

azmfjyygtajctaeudk a&Smifv$JEdkif&eftwGuf 1997 tm&SaiGa=u;tusyftwnf;óuHawG@pOfu xdkif;/ tif'dkeD;&Sm;/ udk;&D;,m;EdkifiHwdk@tm; EdkifiHwumaiGa=u;&efyHkaiGtzGJ@rsm;rS ‚[email protected]%ftoD;oD;udk acs;aiGrsm;yhHydk;um tmrcHaxmufulcJh&onfudk om"u,loifhonf? Ttcsufonfvnf; jrefrmEdkifiHtwGuf ¹cif;csufr[kwfay? Ttcsufudk &dyfpm;rdaom etztpdk;&onf jrefrmhta&;tm; yg0ifaqG;aEG;;&ef tar&dueftpdk;&tm; zdwfac:cJhonf? EdkifiHwumaiGa=u;tzGJ@tpnf;rsm;. aiGacs;iSm;a&;ay:vpDudk usifhoHk;EdkifcGifh&Sdaeaom r[mtiftm;}uD;EdkifiHjzpfonfh tar&duefEdkfifiHtm; jrefrmEdkifiH. vlr_a&;/ pD;yGm;a&;/ EdkifiHa&;/vlom;csif; !Smwmaxmufxm;jcif;qdkif&m wdk;wufr_rsm;&Sdvmap&eftwGuf tðyoabmaqmifonhf aqGaEG;r_rsm; ðyvkyfEdkifyga=umif;jzifh aoG;wdk;prf;zdwfac:cJhonf? odk@aomf tar&duefEdkifiHjcm;a&;Xme ajymcGifh&yk*~Kdvf &pfcswfabmufcsmu“ta&;}uD;wJh aqG;aEG;r_u ppftpdk;&ESifh a':atmifqef;pk=unf/ trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyfwdk@=um; aqG;aEG;r_omjzpfygw,f”[k wkH@jyefajymqdkcJhonf?

rSefayonf? “toD;w&m tn‡mwck” [k qdk\dk;xkH;pH&Sdonfhtwdkif; ppftpdk;&ESifha':atmifqef;pk=unf. awG@qHkaqG;aEG;r_onfom jrefrmhb%fpepfysufokOf;r_ wckvHk;omru ,ae@óuHawG@ae&aom vlr_a&;/ pD;yGm;a&;/ EdkifiHa&;jy±emt&yf&yfudkajz&Sif;Edkifrnfh wckwnf;aom enf;vrf;jzpfayonf? awG@qHkaqG;aEG;r_udk rvkyfEdkifygu jzpfay:vmrnfh qdk;usKd;rsm;onfvnf; rcef@rSef;Edkifavmufatmufyif qdk;0g;rnfjzpf+yD; trsKd;om;nD!Gwfa&;udk òyduGJoxufòyduGJapvsuf EdkifiHòyduGJysufokOf;rnfhtjzpfodk@ OD;wnfaeayonf? odk@ygI (NLD)ESifh a':atmifqef;pk=unfwdk@tpOfwpdkuf awmif;qdkvsuf&Sdaom awG@qHkaqG;aEG;a&;udk jiif;y,fvsuf&Sdonfhetzppftpdk;&onfom wdkif;jynf. qdk;0g;aom&v'frsm;tay: wm0ef,l&rnfjzpfyga=umif; twdtvif; today;vdkuf&ayonf? Ð

wdkif; jynf. qdk; 0g; aom&v'fr sm; udkppftm%m&Sifwdk@ wm0e f,l&r nf

trSwf (36)ááááowif;p O f (2)

jrefrmEdkifiH vGwfvyfonfhowif;at*sifpDrS xkwfa0onfjrefrmEdkifiH vGwfvyfonfhowif;at*sifpDrS xkwfa0onfjrefrmEdkifiH vGwfvyfonfhowif;at*sifpDrS xkwfa0onfjrefrmEdkifiH vGwfvyfonfhowif;at*sifpDrS xkwfa0onf 2003 c kE Sp f2003 c kE Sp f2003 c kE Sp f2003 c kE Sp f

azazmf0g&D/ (17) &uazazmf0g&D/ (17) &uazazmf0g&D/ (17) &uazazmf0g&D/ (17) &uf? ? ? ? (NMG)ESpfaygif;rsm;pGm oD;jcm;u&ifeDjynfe,f

xlaxmifa&;rl0g' udkifpGJvmcJhonfh u&ifeDtrsdK;om;wdk;wufa&;ygwD (KNPP)ESifhu&ifeDtpdk;&wdk@onf zuf'&,fa&;&mESD;aESmzvS,fyG Jw&yfudk (3)&uf=umusif;yðyvkyfcJhonf?

azazmf0g&D (14)rS(16) &ufae@xdusif;yðyvkyfcJhonfh ESD;aESmzvS,fyGJwGifu&ifeDacgif;aqmifrsm;u jynfaxmifpktrsdK;om;aumifpD. zuf'&,fa&;&maumfrwDudkzdwf=um;cJh+yD; tem*wf jrefrmEdkifiHa&;ESifh ywfoufonfh tawG;tjrifrsm;udk tjyeftvSef zvS,fEdkifcJh=uonf?

u&ifeDwdk;wufa&;ygwD. 'k-OuUÏvnf;jzpf/ u&ifeDtpdk;&.0ef}uD;csKyfvnf;jzpfonfh AdkvfcsKyfatmifoef;av;urdrdwdk@onf zuf'&,fa&;&m vkyfief;rsm;ESifhywfoufI tjcm;aom vlrsdK;pkrsm;ESifhvufwGJum wufºupGm yg0ifaqmif\GufoGm;rnfjzpfa=umif; xkwfazmfajymqdkcJhonf?

AdkvfcsKyfatmifoef;av;u “zuf'&,f jynfaxmifpk zGJ@pnf;jcif;omv#ifvlrsKd;wdkif; vlrsdK;wdkif;twGuf tmrcHcsuf&SdwJh/ om,m0ajymwJh EdkifiHawmfjzpfrSmjzpfwJhtwGuf u&ifeDtpdk;&a&m/ u&ifeDygwDuyg zuf'&,fjynfaxmifpk wnf

zuf'&,fta&;wGif u&ifeDtrsdK;om;rsm;wufºuGpGm yg0ifrnf

aqmufa&;udkawmh wufwufºuºutcef;u ygyghr,f” [k ajym=um;oGm;cJhonf?

u&ifeD trdsK;om;wdk;wufa&;ygwD/u&ifeDtpdk;&wdk@onf (1948)ckESpfrSpIjrefrmppftpdk;&tqufqufudk wdkufyGJ0ifcJhaomtzGJ@tpnf;jzpf+yD; ,ckvdk zuf'&,fa&;&maqG;aEG;yGJ usif;yðyvkyfcJhjcif;onfu&ifeDtzGJ@tpnf;wGif yxrqkH;t}udrfjzpfonf?

Ð Ð ÐNMG

tufpftufpfatacgif;aqmifuoHo,ESifh AdkvfcsKyf}uD;rsm;tay: =unfhhjrifxdki f; tpdk; & .u rf; vSr f; cs u f a u tJef,l ó u qdk

azazmf0g&D/ (16)&uf?azazm f0g&D/ (16)&uf?azazm f0g&D/ (16)&uf?azazm f0g&D/ (16)&uf?jrefrmjynf trsdK;om;jyefvnfoifh

jrwfa&;vkyfief;pOf taumiftxnfazmfaqmifa&;twGuf xdkif;tpdk;&u =um;0ifaqmif&Gufr_rsm; ðyvkyfay;rnfqdkonfhurf;vSrf;csuftm; u&iftrsdK;om;tpnf;t\Hk; (autJef,l)rS óudqdkcJhonf?

xdkif;0ef}uD;csKyfwyfcfpifu ‚.jrefrmjynfc&D;pOft+yD;wGif jrefrmEdkifiHYtrsdK;om;jyefvnf&if=um;apha&;twGufxdkif;EdkifiHtaejzifh =um;0ifaphpyfaqG;aEG;ol ae&mrSyg0ifaqmif&Gufvdka=umif; ajymqdkcJhr_udk autJef,lOuUÏ z'dkapmboifu óudqdka=umif; azazmf0g&D (15)&ufae@wGif xkwfazmfajymqdkcJhonf?

z'dkapmboifu rnfonfh tpdk;&t&m&SdurS rdrdwdk@ESifhqufoG,fvmr_ r&Sdao;a=umif;/ vmolrsm;rSm trwfrsm;om

jzpfa=umif;/ rdrdwdk@taejzifh yËdyuQrsm;udk+idrf;csrf;onfhenf;oHk;I nD!Gwfr_rsm;zefwD;ay;rnfh rnfol@udkrqdk wHcg;zGifhxm;yga=umif; xnfhoGif;ajymqdkoGm;cJh+yD;trsdK;om;jyefvnfoifhjrwfr_ jzpfay:vmapa&;twGuf xdkif;tpdk;&taejzifhtxl;aumfrwDzGJ@pnf;&ef vdktyfonf[kqdkcJhol xdkif; txufv$wfawmf EdkifiHjcm;a&; aumfrwDOuUÏ rpPwmu\dkifqyfcsdK[Aef. tqdkðycsufudkvnf; autJef,l OuUÏu axmufcHcJhonf?

rdrdtrsdK;om;rsm;. udk,fydkifjyÏmef;cGifhESifh wef;wlr_tcGifhta&;&&Sdr_twGufESpfaygif;(50)ausmf vufeufpGJudkif wdkufyGJ0ifaeqJjzpfaom autJef,l u&iftrsdK;om; tpnf;t\Hk;onf vuf&Sd ppftkyfpkESifhomru jrefrmtpdk;&tqufqufESif h+idrf;csrf;a&;aqG;aEG;r_rsm; t}udrf}udrfðyvkyfcJhaomfvnf; atmifjrifr_r&Sdao;yg?

tqdkygudpPESifh ywfoufI &Srf;jynfwyfrawmf tufpftufpfatacgif;aqmifAdkvfrª;}uD;,Gwfqpfu“xdkif;0ef}uD;csKyfxHurf;vSrf;w,fqdkwmuawmh trSefyg?'gayr,fh &v'fu jrefrm ppfAdkvfcsKyf}uD;awG&JŒ \dk;om;r_tay:rSmwnfrSDaeygw,f?'gudk tcsdefuyJ pum;ajymEdkifygvdrfhr,f”[k aumufcsufcs ajymqdkcJhonf?

etzppftkyfpkonf wdkif;&if;om;vufeufudkifrsm;ESifh awG@qHkaqG;aEG;a&;twGufqdkv#if vufeufcs&efESifh Oya'abmiftwGif;odk@ 0ifvm&efudkom wGifwGif

u &ifeDw dk;wu fa& ;ygw D. 'k-Ou UÏu& ifeDt p dk;& . 0e f} uD;cs Kyf

A dkv fcsKyfatm ifoe f;av ;

ajymqdkvmcJh&m Adkvfrª;}uD;,Gwfqpfu“&Srf;jynfe,f +idrf;csrf;+yD; at;csrf;om,ma&;twGuf vufeufcswJh enf;vrf;wckwnf; &Sdwmr[kwfbl;? &Srf;jynfoljynfom;awG&JŒjyif;jywJhqENudk jznfhqnf;ay;EdkifrS jzpfr,f” [kqdkvdkufonf? xdk@jyifetzppfAdkvfcsKyf}uD;rsm;onf twdkuftcHtiftm;pkrsm;ESifh wdkif;&if;om;rsm;tm;tjrpfjywfacsr_ef;ypf&efom ydkrdkpdwf0ifpm;a=umif; ajymqdkoGm;cJhonf?

e0wwjzpfvJ etzu ‚wdk@vufxuftwGif; wdkif;&if;om;vufeufudkiftzGJ@tpnf; (15)zGJ@ESifh typftcwf&yfpJum +idrf;csrf;a&;azmfaqmifcJh+yD[kajymqdkaecJhaomfvnf; vufawG@wGif EdkifiHa&;t& awG@qHkaqG;aEG; tajz&Sma&;udk,ae@tcsdeftxd taumiftxnfazmfjcif; r&Sdao;ao;acs? xdkodk@ typftcwf&yfpJxm;onfh tzGJ@tpnf;rsm;. e,fajrrsm;wGif txl;tkyfcsKyfa&;ZHkrsm; zGJ@pnf;ay;um tkyfcsKyfa&;tydkif;udk wm0ef,lapcJhjcif;om ðyvkyfay;cJhonf?

tjcm;owif;w&yfwGif vGefcJhonfhoDwif;ywfrsm;twGi f; etztm;vufeufudkif awmfvSefwdkufyGJ0ifaeonfhwdkif;&if;om;vufeufudkif tzGJ@tpnf;(5)zGJ@rS a=unmcsuf w&yfxkwfjyefcJh&mxdka=unmcsufwGif wdkif;jynfwGif; jzpfyGm;vsuf&Sdaeaom yËdyuQrsm;tm; +idrf;csrf;aomenf;vrf;jzifh ajz&Sif;&ef etzudk awmif;qdk wdkufwGef;xm;onf? Ð

trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyf (vGwfajrmufe,fajr) pwifzGJ@pnf;cJhonfh 1991azazmf0g&D (14)&ufae@rSpI uG,fvGefcsdeftxd us&mwm0eftqifhqifhwGif wufºupGmwm0efxrf;aqmifcJhol touf(64)ESpft&G,f&Sd OD;jrifhatmifonf azazmf0g&D(26)&ufae@ n(10)em&DcGJtcsdefwGifrJaqmufòrd@Y ESvkH;a&m*gjzifh b0wyg;odk@ ul;ajymif;oGm;cJh+yDjzpfonf?

OD;jrifhatmifonf 1939 ckESpf/=o*kwfv (22)&ufae@wGif tzOD;nDyk/trda':aiG&Dwdk@rS ajrmif;jròrd@wGif arG;zGm;cJhygonf? arG;csif;nDtudk (2)OD;teufti,fqHk;om;jzpfygonf? 1988 ckESpf'Drdkua&pDta&;awmfyHk}uD;wGif rEœav;òrd@ aps;csdKor*~tzGJ@wGif wufºupGmyg0if

v_yf&Sm;cJh+yD; 1988 ppfwyfrS tm%modrf;+yD;aemuf trsdK;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyfwGif rEœav;wdkif; pnf;\Hk;a&;aumfrwD0ifukefoG,f§pD;yGm; tzGJ@0iftjzpf wm0efxrf;aqmifcJhygonf? 1990 ckESpf ygwDpHk'Drdkua&pDa&G;aumufyGJtwGuf rEœav;wdkif; ygwDpkH'Drdkua&pD taxGaxGa&G;aumufyGJ atmifEdkifa&;aumfrwDtzGJ@0iftjzpf wm0efxrf;aqmifcJhonf?

1990/ 'DZifbmvY ppftpdk;&rSygwDpHk'Drdkua&pDa&G;aumufyGJwGif tEdkif&&Sdaom trsdK;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyftm;tm%mv$Jajymif;ay;&ef; rsufuG,fðycJhr_a=umifh pifòydiftpdk;& jzpfajrmufa&;óud;yrf;r_wGif wufºupGmyg0ifcJh+yD;aemufawmfvSefa&;XmecsKyf rme,fyavmodk@xGufcGmvmcJhygonf? 1991 ckESpf/ azazmf0g&D (14) &ufae@wGif trsdK;om; 'DrDkua&pD tzGJ@csKyf (vGwfajrmufe,fajr)tm; pwifzGJ@pnf;&mwGif yg0ifcJh+yD; A[dkpnf;\Hk;a&;aumfrwD(COC)tjzpf wm0efxrf;aqmifcJhygonf? 1991 ckESpf/azazmf0g&D (22) &ufae@wGif jrefrmjynf 'Drdku&ufwpf r[mrdwfrsm;tzGJ@csKyfESifhtrsdK;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyf(vGwfajrmufe,fajr)wdk@ yl;aygif;zGJ@pnf;cJhaom ppftm%m&Sifwdkufzsufa&; trsdK;om; aoG;

(NCUB) jyef=um;a&;aumfrwD0if OD;jrifhatmif-NLD(LA) uG,fvGef&Sm+yDpnf;nD!Gwfa&;aumfrwDwGif tzGJ@0iftjzpf yg0ifcJhonf? 1992 ckESpf pufwifbmvwGif jrefrmjynf 'Drdku&ufwpfr[mrdwfrsm;tzGJcsKyf/ trsdK;om; 'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyf (vGwfajrmufe,fajr)/jynfaxmifpkjrefrmEdkifiH trsdK;om;!Gef@aygif;tpdk;&ESifh trsdK;om; 'Drdkua&pDwyfaygif;pkwdk@jzifhzGJ@pnf;aom jynfaxmifpkjrefrmEdkifiH trsdK;om;aumifpDwGif trsdK;om; 'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyf (vGwfajrmufe,fajr) udk,fpm;vS,ftjzpf EdkifiHa&;wm0efrsm; xrf;aqmifcJhygonf? 1993ckESpfwGif urBmhukvor*~. wdkif;&if;om;qdkif&m *sDeDAmnDvmcHodk@ jrefrmEdkifiH.udk,fpm;vS,ftjzpf wufa&mufcJhygonf?

uG,fvGefcsdefwGif jynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdkifiH trsdK;om;aumifpD jyef=um;a&;aumfrwD 'ktzGJ@acgif;aqmiftjzpfvnf;aumif;/ trsdK;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyf(vGwfajrmufe,fajr) r[mrdwfqufqHa&;vkyfief;tzGJ@ 'kwm0efcHtjzpfvnf;aumif;/ vGwfvyfaom uavmif&Sifrsm;toif;(jrefrmEdkifiH) tzGJ@0iftjzpf vnf;aumif;/ aA'gvrf;*sme,f t,f'DwmtzGJ@0iftjzpfvnf;aumif; wm0efxrf;aqmifaepOf uG,fvGeftedpPa&mufjcif; jzpfygonf? Ð

OD;jrifhatmif

au tJef, lO u UÏ z'dka p mb o i f

azazmf0g&D/ (21)&uf?azazm f0g&D/ (21)&uf?azazm f0g&D/ (21)&uf?azazm f0g&D/ (21)&uf?xdkif;EdkifiHu =um;0ifaphpyfay;r_ESifh

ðyvkyfvmEdkifonfh aqG;aEG;yGJrsm;twGufetzppftkyfpkudk vufeufudkifwkdufyGJ0ifae=uaom ppfa&;r[mrdwf tzGJ@tpnf;rsm;tm;vkH; óudwifjyifqifonfhtaeESifhta&;ay:tpnf;ta0;w&yfudk e,fpyfwae&mwGif azazmf0g&D (20) &ufae@uðykvkkkyfcJh=uonf?

xdktpnf;ta0;odk@ ppfa&;r[mrdwftzGJ@rsm;jzpf=uonfh u&ifeDtrsdK;om;wdk;wufa&;ygwD(KNPP)/ &Srf;jynfwyfrawmf(SSA)/ u&ifhtrsdK;om;tpnf;t\kH;(KNU)/ &cdkifjynfvGwfajrmufa&; wyfrawmf(ALP)/ csif;trs dK;om;wyfOD;(CNF)wdk@rS acgif;aqmif(17)OD;wdk@ wufa&mufcJh=u+yD; oabmwlqkH;jzwfcsufrsm;csrSwfcJh=uonf?

qkH;jzwfcsufrsm; csrSwfcJh&mwGif t"du tm;jzifh awG@qkHaqG;aEG;yGJjzpfvm&ef

twGuf yxrqkH;taejzifh wwdkif;wjynfvkH;twdkif;twmaqmifonfh typftcwf&yfpJa&;vkyf&ef/ jynfwGif;&Sd wdkif;&if;om;EdkifiHa&;tiftm;pkrsm;tm;vkH;ESifh vGwfvyfpGm awG@qkHaqG;aEG;cGifhðy&ef/ awG@qkHaqG;aEG;onfh ae&mwGif EdkifiHa&;tESpfom&&Sdonfh ppfrSefaomawG@qkHaqG;aEG;r_jzpf&ef ponfh t"dutcsuf (3)&yfyg0if+yD;tqdkygtcsufrsm;tm; etzucGifhðy&efvdktyfum jrefrmjynf tem*wfa&;aqG;aEG;Edkifonfh EdkifiHa&;aqG;aEG;r_rsdK;jzpfvmapa&;twGufvnf; etzu cGifhðy&rnfjzpfa=umif; qkH;jzwfcJh=uonf?

xdk@jyif tu,fI aphpyfaqG;aEG;yGJðyvkyfjzpfygu wdkif;&if;om; ppfa&;r[mrdwftzGJ@rsm; wzGJ@csif;pDcGJI ðyvkyfjcif;rsdK;udk vufcHrnfr[kwfa=umif;ESifh =um;aeEdkifiHwEdkifiHwGif ðyvkyfa&;udk ydkrdkvdkvm;a=umif; tqdkygtzGJ@0if wdkif;&if;om;acgif;aqmifwOD;u ajym=um;cJhonf? Ð

xdkif;tpdk;&rS -um;0ifaphpyfa&;vkyfvsif wzGJ@csif;cGJIaqG;aEG;rnfr[kwf

p pfrSefI EdkifiHa& ;t& t "dym, fj yn fh0 aom aw G@qHk

aqG;aEG; yGJay:ayg u fa& ;r So n f tr s Kd; o m; ao G;p n f;

n D! Gwfr _& Sdo n fh zuf'& ,fj yn fax mifp k ay:ayg ufv m

o n ft xd j yn fo lw &y fv Hk; y g0ifó u ;y rf; = u ?

ááááowif;pOf ( 3)trSwf (36)


Zefe0g&D/ (31) &uf/ 2003?Zefe0g&D/ (31) &uf/ 2003?Zefe0g&D/ (31) &uf/ 2003?Zefe0g&D/ (31) &uf/ 2003?¡FRONTLINE¢

ukd&D;,m;wdk@u a=uat;&efóud;yrf;tm;xkwfaeaomfvnf; bk&Sf. tkyfcsKyfa&; ,EW&m;onf ajrmufukd&D;,m;tay: wkdufckdufa&;udk vdkvm;ae+yD;ta&S@tm&Stm&SwckvkH;tm; ppfE_wfcrf;0ESifh vufeufòydifyJGxJokd@ qGJoGif;aeonf?

udk&D;,m;wdk@u yvlwkdeD,H "mwfaygif;zkd jyefvnf vnfywfa&;twGuftjynfjynfqk dif&m tEkjrLpGr f;tifat*sifpDrS apmifh=unfholrsm;tm; tcsdefudkuf armif;xkwfvkduf+yD; 0g&Sifwef.+cdrf;ajcmufr_onf wkdif;jynfudk csKd;ESdrfI&vdrfhrnf r[kwfa=umif;ESifh urBmhtokdif;t0kdif;wckvkH;tay: udk&D;,m;[email protected];tm;udk tcsufjyr_w&yftaejzifht"dym,fzGifhjyvdkufonf? xkd@jyif EsLuvD;,m; rjyef@yGm;a&;pmcsKyfrS oydwfarSmufEkwfxGufoGm;rnf[k udk&D;,m;wdk@u+cdrf;ajcmufvkdufonf?

2002 ckESpf apmapmykdif;umvubk&S fonf ajrmufuk d&D;,m;Ed kifiHud krdp>m0if\kd;wef;EkdifiHrsm;pm&if;wGif xnfhoGif;cJh+yD; xdkEkdifiHrsm;tay: vufOD;r_&Sdaom ppfyGJqifE$J&ef +cdrf;ajcmufcJhonf?“udk&D;,m;wdk@taejzifh EsLuvD;,m;vufeufrjyef@y Gm;a&; pmcsKy fud koabmwl vufrSwfa&;xdk;xm;cJhaomfvnf; tar&dueftpdk;&taejzifh ,if;tm%m&Sifwdk@. pum;udk t,Hkt=unfr&Sda=umif;” orwbk&Sfu ajym=um;cJhonf? EdkifiHwEdkifiHtaejzifh EsLuvD;,m;rjyef@yGm;a&;pmcsKyfrS EkwfxGufrnfqdkyguokH;vóudwiftoday;&efom vkdtyfonf?

tu,fI xdkpmcsKyfrS ajrmufukd&D;,m;wdk@ EkwfxGufcJhv#if EsLuvD;,m;rjyef@yGm;a&;pmcsKyfwHykd;rS w&m;0ifvGwfajrmufEdkifrnfjzpf+yD; oabmw&m;t&qkdv#if tqdkygvufeufrsm; xkwfvkyfa&;udk vkyfaqmifEkdifrnf jzpfonf?TqkH;jzwfcsufonf tar&duefuajrmufuk d&D;,m;tm; ESpfpO fa&eHrufx&pfwefcsdef (500000) ig;odef;a&mif;csay;r_tm; qkdif;iHhxm;rnf[ka=unmcJh+yD; aemufykdif;rS ajrmufukd&D;,m;u qkH;jzwfvkdufjcif; jzpfonf? a&eHa&mif;csay;jcif;onf òyH,rf;ESifh 0g&Sifweft=um; 1994 ckESpfoabmwlnDcsuf. tpdwftykdif;jzpfonf?

ToabmwlnDcsufwGif (5)rD*g0yf

tm;&Sdonfh &kH¹Aef;"mwfaygif;zkd ydwfypfa&;vnf; yg0ifonf? tar&duefrS a&eHwifykd@r_tm; qkdif;iH hvkdufjcif;ESifhtwlajrmufukd&D;,m;onf 1994 ckESpf oabmwlnDcsuftm; rjzpfraevkdufem vkyfaqmif&ef aemufxyfrvkdtyfawmhacs?&kH¹Aef;wGif v#yfppftwGuf (50) rD*g0yfESifh (200)rD*g0yftm;&Sd EsLuvD;,m;"mwfaygif;zkdrsm; wnfaqmufaeonf?1994 ckESpf oabmwlnDcsufatmufwGifawmifukd&D;,m;/ *syefwkd@ESifhtwl tar&duefonf EsLuvD;,m; "mwftm;ay;puf\kHtopfESpfvkH;ukd ajrmufukd&D;,m;twGuf t+yD;aqmufvkyfay;&ef oabmwlxm;+yD; jzpfonf?

2003 ckESpfwGif yxrwvkH; t+yD;owf&ef aemufqkH; owfrSwfxm;onf?okd@aomf tpDtpOfa&;qJGxm;onfh aemufykdif; ESpfaygif;rsm;pGm =umae+yDjzpfonf?

u 0g&SifwefwGif tar&duef/ *syefESifhawmifukd&D;,m; xdyfwef;t&m&Sdrsm;t=um; tpnf;ta0;+yD; aemufykdif;wGiftar&duef. oHwrefa&;&m oabmxm;rSm tenf;i,f xl;jcm;r_&Sdvmonf?orwbk&Sfu“ol@taeESifh awG@qkHaqG;aEG;a&;tm; wHcg;zGifhxm;a=umif;” ajymqkdcJhonf? okd@aomf tdrfjzLt&m&Sdrsm;uajrmufukd&D;,m;taejzifh ‚. EsLuvD;,m; pDrHudef;tm; t&ifpGef@v$wf&rnfjzpfa=umif; tckdiftrm ajymqkdaeonf?

tjcm;wzufwGif ajrmufukd&D;,m;. tdrfeD;csif;rsm;u ykdrkdwm0efodpGmwkH@jyefcJh=uonf? awmifukd&D;,m;/ *syef/w\kwfESifh \k&Sm;wkd@u òyH,rf;udpPtm;ajz&Skif;&mwGif awG@qkHaqG;aEG;a&; jzpfpOf. ta&;}uD;r_tm; tav;teufajymqkdcJh=uonf? EkwfxGufoGm;+yDjzpfaomawmifukd&D;,m;orw uifa';,kHuajrmufukd&D;,m;tay:wGifxm;&Sdaomtar&duef. ay:vpDtm; a0zefvkdufonf? ‚u 'DZifbmv aemufqkH;ywfwGif ðyvkyfcJhaom uufbdeuf tpnf;ta0;wckwGif 0g&Sifwef.ay:vpDonfxda&mufr_&SdrSm r[kwfa=umif; oufaojyygvdrfhrnf[k ajym=um;cJhonf? “orkdif;rSm uGefjrLepfEkdifiHawGtay: vkyfaqmifcJhwJh xdef;csKyfa&;eJ@ txD;usefjzpfa&;qkdwJh b,fay:vpDrS ratmifjrifygbl;/ppfat;umvrSmawmifrS ratmifjrifcJhygbl;” [k olu ajym=um;cJhonf? oluajrmufukd&D;,m;tay: ol. aEG;axG;aom ay:vpDukd qufvufvkyfaqmif&eftmrcHcJhonf?

‚. orwae&mwGif qufcHcJhaom Edk¹ref[l;onf tar&duefqef@usifa&; &yfwnfcsufjzifh a&G;aumufyJGwGiftEkdif&cJhjcif; jzpfonf?

bk&Sf,EW&m;u ajrmufukd&D;,m;tay: pD;yGm;a&;ydwfqkd@&ef awmif;qkdaeaomfjim;vnf; ta&;}uD;aomESpfEkdifiH &xm;vrf;qufoG,fa&;vkyfief;tm; rlvtpDtpOftwkdif; qufvufvkyfaqmifaeonf? wif;rmr_avsmhyg;ap&ef Zefe0g&D yxrywfwGif uufbdeuftqifh awG@qkHaqG;aEG;yGJðyvkyf&ef awmifukd&D;,m;u urf;vSrf;cJhonf? \k&SESifhw\kwfuvnf; ajrmufukd&D;,m;tay:xm;&Sdaom tar&duef. ay:vpDtm;tjypfjrifaeonf?

òyH,rf;tm; pD;yGm;a&;t& txD;usef&ef tm;xkwfjcif;onf tusKd;&Sdvdrfhrnfr[kwfbJ wif;rmr_qDukdom wpwpa&muf&Sdapvdrfhrnf[k \k&Sm;EkdifiHjcm;a&;0ef}uD; tD*gtDAefaemhu ajym=um;cJhonf?“‚wkd@. EsLuvD;,m;pDrHudef;tay:y dw fqk d @ta&;,ljci f;onf pp fuk d

uk d&D;,m;u|ef;qG,fta&;ESifhhtar&duef. r[mAsL[m ajcvSrf;rsm;

a j r mu fu kd&D; , m; or w u i f*s KHtD;

& wu fr at ;b G, f u dk&D;, m;u | ef;qG, f

ajrmufukd&D;,m;onf tjcm;EkdifiHrsm;uJhokd@yif tar&duef. r[mAsL[mopftm; pkd;&drfaeonf? ‚rSm tar&duefu ‚. &efolEkdifiHtjzpf \_jrifxm;aom EkdifiHrsm;tm; óudwifvufOD;r_,l+yD;wkdufckduf&ef cGif hðyxm;jcif;jzpfonf?1950 ckESpfapmapmykdif; ukd&D;,m;ppfyJGumvwGif tar&duefonf EsLuvD;,m;vufeufokH;vkqJqJ jzpfonfukd ajrmufukd&D;,m;taejzifh rarhacs?

tapmykdif;Y tar&duefonf tD&efta&;wckukdom tm\kHxm;vkH;yrf;ae&mukd&D;,m;u|ef;qG,fta&;tm; rSdefxm;&ef óud;yrf;cJhonf? bk&Sf,EW&m;tm;aphpyfa&; pm;yJGay:okd@qJG&ef ajrmufukd&D;,m;. oHwrefa&;&m upm;yJGtm;tar&duef EkdifiHjcm;a&;&mXme t&m&Sdrsm;u tapmykdif;u y,fcscJhonf? EkdifiHjcm;a&;0ef}uD; aumvif;yg0,fuòyH,rf;rS ol. EsLuvD;,m;pDrHudef;tm;rpGef@rcsif; pum;ajymqkdr_ukd y,fxm;cJhonf?

okd@aomf Zefe0g&D 'kwd,ywftwGif;

trSwf (36)ááááowif;p O f (4 )


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twGuf tar&duefESifh qufqHa&;onfta&;}uD;a=umif;/ okd@&mwGif ajrmufudk;&D;,m;ESifh qufqH&mY tar&duef.v$rf;rdk;r_ avsmhyg;oGm;apa&;udk vdkvm;a=umif; azazmf0g&D (25)&ufae@wGifusrf;opPmusdefqdkcJhol awmifudk;&D;,m;orwopfu ajym=um;vdkufonf?

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a wm ifudk;& D;,m;o rw op f usrf;op Pm usde fqdkp O fa j rm ufudk;& D;,m ;wdk@ 'kH;usnfp rf;o yf

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usrf;opPmusdefqdkyGJ t+yD;wGif orwopfonf tar&dduefEdkifiHjcm;a&;0ef}uD;aumvfvif;yg0,fvfESifh ajrmufudk;&D;,m; EdkifiH. EsLuvD;,m; &nfrSef;csufpGef@v$wfa&;udpPudk aqG;aEG;cJh=ua=umif;od&onf? xdkaqG;aEG;yGJwGif awmifudk&D;,m; orwopfu tar&duef. &yfwnfr_rsm;tay: ,Hk=unfr_jycJha=umif; tar&duefoHwrefrsm;u ajym=um;cJhonf?

Edk¹ref[l;u ajrmufudk;&D;,m;wkd@taejzifh EsLuvD;,m;udpPwGif xdyfwdkuf&ifqdkifr_udk ra&G;cs,f&ef wdkufwGef;oGm;rnf[k ajym=um;cJhonf?

awmifudk;&D;,m;orwopf usrf;opPmusdefqdkyGJ rusif;ycif em&Dydkif;tvdkwGifajrmufudk;&D;,m;wdk@u EdkifiHwuma&ydkifeufjzpfonfh udk;&D;,m;u|ef;qG,fESifh *syefEdkifiH=um;&Sd yifv,fjyifwGif oabFmzsuf'kH;wpif; ypfv$wfprf;oyfcJh=uonf? Ð

awmifudk;&D;,m; orwopfEdk¹rGef[l; (Roh Moo-Hyun)

r&yfwefŒEdki fao;onfh uav;ppfom;rsm;ta&;r&yfwefŒEdki fao;onfh uav;ppfom;rsm;ta&;r&yfwefŒEdki fao;onfh uav;ppfom;rsm;ta&;r&yfwefŒEdki fao;onfh uav;ppfom;rsm;ta&;

azazmf0g&Dv/ (24) &uf?azazmf0g&Dv/ (24) &uf?azazmf0g&Dv/ (24) &uf?azazmf0g&Dv/ (24) &uf?¡e,l;p f0 dc f ¢¡e,l;p f0 dc f ¢¡e,l;p f0 dc f ¢¡e,l;p f0 dc f ¢

uav;ppfom;rsm; tokH;ðyjcif;udkwm;jrpfonfh tjynfjynfqkdif&m pmcsKyf. yxrESpfywfvnfae@jzpfonfh azazmf0g&D/ 19 &ufae@onf urBmw0Srf;vkH;&Sduav;rsm;twGuf upm;yJGae@wae@jzpfoifha=umif; azazmf0g&D (24)&ufae@xkwf e,l;pf0dcfr*~Zif;wGif aqmif;yg;&Sifr,fvfuGef;abhofu a&;om;xm;onf?

okd@aomf uav;rsm;tm; ppfom;tjzpf toHk;ðyaeonfh tpOftvmrsm;udkqef@usifwkdufckduf&ef urBmhjynfolrsm;uoEMdÏmefcsxm;+yD;jzpfaomfvnf; uav;axmifaygif; rsm;pGmwkd@onf ppfyJGrsm;wGif,cktxd yg0ifae=u&qJjzpfonf?

jrefrmppfwyfwGif uav;ppfom;(70000)cef@ ppfr_xrf;ae&onf[k vl@tcGifhta&;v_yf&Sm;olrsm;u cef@rSef;=u+yD;/ uarBm'D;,m;wGif (10) ESpft&G,fa,musfm;av;ESifh rdef;uav; (14000)

cef@txd t+rJwef;wyfrawmfr[kwfonfhvufeufukdiftzJG@rsm;okd@ qJGoGif;cH=u&a=umif; azmfjyxm;onf?

xdk@twl ,if;pmcsKyfonf tif*kdvmEdkifiH&Sd tpOftvmudk &yfqkdif;jcif; rðyEkdif\k Hr#ru/ uav;ppfom;rsm;tm;EkwfxGufcGifhay;rnfh oabmwlnDr_udkvnf;rvdkufemEdkifao;ay? tif*dkvmEdkifiHonf,cktcsdeftxd uav;ppfom; (10000)cef@udkom ppfwyfrSxGufcGifhðyEdkifao;onf?

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o@dk&mwGif csKyfqdkxm;onfh ,if;pmcsKyfrsm;tm; EdkifiHaygif; (46)EkdifiHuom ,ae@txd taumiftxnfazmfvdkufemaqmif&GufEdkifao;a=umif; r,fvfuGef;abhofu a&;om;xm;onf? Ðp mrs u fESm (9 )/ aum fv H(1) o dk@ -

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ááááowif;p Of ( 5)trSwf (36)


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azazmf0g&D/ (16)&uf?azazm f0g&D/ (16)&uf?azazm f0g&D/ (16)&uf?azazm f0g&D/ (16)&uf?¡e,l;a,muf-¡e,l;a,muf-¡e,l;a,muf-¡e,l;a,muf-CNN¢¢¢¢

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tvufpum; ponfhòrd@av;rsm; tygt0iftar&duef w0Srf;vkH;wGifpka0;cJh=uonf?

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(1)“bmtr_vJ”“EdkifiHa&;r_”“a[haumif æ? EkdifiHa&;r_qdkwm

r&dSbl;? EdkifiHa&;orm;udk zrf;xm;wmvnf; r&dSbl;? rif; yk'frajym”

“(505§c)”“(505§c)u bmtr_vJuG”“tpdk;&udk t=unf!dkysufatmif

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(2)“cifAsm;wdk@ ra&mufcif udkA[def;

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(3)tif;pdefaxmifudk a&mufa&mufcsif;

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(5)“axmifxJrSmwkef;u eifighudk owd

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wm rjzpfEdkifygbl;[,f”“[kwfygw,f? owd&ygw,f?

usaemf ajymjyr,f? axmif0ifpmrSm”“[Jh æ igrS axmif0ifpmvmrawG@

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wyfr[m(7)c\k diwyfr[m(7)c\k diwyfr[m(7)c\k diwyfr[m(7)c\k di ff ff2-1-03? 2-1-03? 2-1-03? 2-1-03? rdrdwyfrS jrywdkif\Gm\Sd

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3-1-03? 3-1-03? 3-1-03? 3-1-03? rdrdwdk@wyfrS ausmf'av;ckd@ vrf;ray:rS &efoludk ajymufusm;0ifypf? &efol (2)a,muf'%f&m&?

4-1-03? 4-1-03? 4-1-03? 4-1-03? 20;00-tcsdef rdrdwyf&if;(21)rS &Srf;&Gmopf&Sd &efoludkajymufusm;0ifypf? &efol (7)a,muf'%f&m&?

xdkae@ 11;35 tcsdef aemifudkif;&Gm

ááááowif;pO f (1 1)trSwf (36)


xdk@aemuf OD;pdk;atmifonf ‚.qENtwdkif; aetdrfrS xGufcGmoGm;cJhaomfvnf; (4/ 7/ 2002)ae@wGif aetdrf+cH0if;twGif;odk@ 0ifcGifhðy&ef oufqdkif&mvkHòcHa&;wm0ef,lxm;olrsm;xH ajymqdkcJh&m a':atmifqef;pk=unfu 0ifcGifhrðycJha=umif; OD;pdk;atmifu (5/ 7/ 2002)ae@wGif A[ef;w&m;\kH;odk@ wdkif=um;cJhonf?

A[ef;òrd@e,fw&m;\kH;u(8/ 5/ 2002)ae@wGif a':atmifqef;pk=unfwdkif=um;cJhonfhtr_udk tr_trSwf296§2002 tjzpf \kH;wifcJh+yD;/ (5/ 7/ 2002)ae@YOD;pdk;atmif wdkif=um;onfhtr_udk tr_trSwf283§2002 jzifh vufcHcJhonf?Tvkyf&yfonf a':atmifqef;pk=unf. wdkif=um;r_udk aESmifhaES;=uef@=umatmifðyvkyfI wriftuGufqifum w&m;vdkukd w&m;cHjzpfatmif zefwD;pGJqdkxm;onf[ka=unmcsufY azmfjyxm;onf?

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awmif;qkdvdkufjcif;jzpf+yD; EdkifiHwumAk'<bmomtzGJ@jzpfonfh International

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Ð Ð Ð

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Ð Ð Ð

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2 OD;oef;xGef; twGif;a&;rª; awmifomòrd@e,f (2) trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyf

3 OD;at;omatmif twGif;a&;rª; &cdkiftrsKd;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyf

4 OD;wifOD; tzGJ@0if trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyf

5 a':atmifqef;pk=unf tzGJ@0if trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyf

6 OD;vGif tzGJ@0if oHk;cGòrd@e,f (1) trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyf

7 OD;vSaz tzGJ@0if armfvòrdifu|ef; (1) trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyf

8 OD;pdk;jrifh tzGJ@0if awmifOuUvmy (1) trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyf

9 OD;vGef;wif tzGJ@0if armfvòrdifòrd@e,f (1) trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyf

10 OD;!Gef@a0 tzGJ@0if awmifilòrd@e,f (2) trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyf

11 OD;EdkifxGef;odef; tzGJ@0if oHjzLZ&yfòrd@e,f (1) rGeftrsKd;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyf

12 OD;ylusifh&Sifhxef tzGJ@0if wD;wdef (2) ZkdrD;trsKd;om; uGef*&uf

13 OD;cGefxGef;OD; tzGJ@0if oDaygòrd@e,f (1) &Srf;wdkif;&if;om;rsm; 'Drkdua&pDtzGJ@csKyf

14 OD;vSarmif tzGJ@0if =umtif;qdyf}uD; (1) rsKd;cspf&Jabmfa[mif;rsm;tzGJ@

15 OD;pdk;0if; tzGJ@0if yJcl;òrd@e,f (1) trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pDygwD

16 OD;odef;az tzGJ@0if uef@bvl (1) woD;yk*~v

17 OD;ausmfrif; tzGJ@0if bl;oD;awmif (1) NDPHR

18 OD;axmifcdkxef@ tzGJ@0if wrl;òrd@e,f UNLD

Ð ajrmufOD;òrd@e,f/ rJqENe,f (2) rS jynfol@v$wfawmfudk,fpm;vS,f &cdkiftrsKd;om;'Drkdua&pDtzGJ@csKyf OuUÏ a'gufwmapmjratmiftm; jynfol@v$wfawmfudk,fpm;ðyaumfrwDrS jynfol@v$wfawmfOuUÏtjzpf a&G;aumufwifajrSmufcJhonf?

Burma Independent News Agency jref ... · The Lightning N ewsletter ( 1 5- 1 - 99 )&ufae@w Gif pw...

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Transcript of Burma Independent News Agency jref ... · The Lightning N ewsletter ( 1 5- 1 - 99 )&ufae@w Gif pw...