Course: B.Sc

Subject: Computations Skills

Unit-5.1

Data Communication and Networking

Definition of Network Topology

Types of Network Topology

Differentiation Between theTypes of Network Topology

CONTENT

What is a Topology ?

The physical topology of a network refers to the configuration of cables, computers and other peripherals.

DEFINITION

Bus network.

Ring network.

Star network.

TYPES OF NETWORK TOPOLOGY

All computers and devices connected to central cable or bus.

Consists of a main run of cable with a terminator at each end.

Popular on LANs because they are inexpensive and easy to install.

BUS TOPOLOGY

BUS TOPOLOGY

Cable forms closed ring or loop, with all computers and devices arranged along ring.

Data travels from device to device around entire ring, in one direction.

Primarily is used for LANs, but also is used in WANs.

RING TOPOLOGY

RING TOPOLOGY

All devices connect to acentral device, calledhub.

All data transferredfrom one computer toanother passes through hub.

STAR TOPOLOGY

STAR TOPOLOGY

WHAT IS DIFFERENTIATION BETWEEN THE THREE OF NETWORK TOPOLOGY?

SEARCH IN THE INTERNET

DIFFERENTIATION BETWEEN THE THREE TYPES OF NETWORK TOPOLOGY

ADVANTAGE DISADVANTAGE

1) Easy to connect computer or

peripheral to a linear bus.

1) Entire network shuts down if

there is a break in the main

cable.

2) Requires less cable length

than a star topology.

2) Terminators are required at both ends of the backbone cable.

3) Difficult to identify the problem if the entire network shuts down.

BUSBUS

DIFFERENTIATION BETWEEN THE THREE TYPES OF NETWORK TOPOLOGY

ADVANTAGE DISADVANTAGE

1) Data is quickly transferred. 1) Data packets must pass through every computer

between the sender and recipient therefore, this makes it slower.

2) The transmission of data is relatively simple as packets travel in one direction only.

2) If any of the nodes fail then the ring is broken and data cannot be

transmitted successfully. 3) It is difficult to troubleshoot

the ring.

RINGRING

DIFFERENTIATION BETWEEN THE THREE TYPES OF NETWORK TOPOLOGY

ADVANTAGE DISADVANTAGE

1) Easy to install and wire. 1) Requires more cable length

than a linear topology.

2) Security can be implemented

in the hub/switch.

2) If the hub or concentrator fails, nodes attached are disabled.

3) Easy to detect faults and to

remove parts.

3) More expensive than linear bus topologies because of the

cost of the concentrators.

STARSTAR

DIFFERENTIATION BETWEEN THE THREE TYPES OF NETWORK TOPOLOGY

DEFINITION

•All computers and devices

connected to central cable

DEFINITION

•All computers and devices

connected to central cable

BUS TOPOLOGY

ADVANTAGE

•Easy to connect a computer or

peripheral to a linear bus.

ADVANTAGE

•Easy to connect a computer or

peripheral to a linear bus.

•Requires less cable length than

a star topology.

•Requires less cable length than

a star topology.

DISADVANTAGE

•Entire network shuts down if

there is a break in the main cable.

DISADVANTAGE

•Entire network shuts down if

there is a break in the main cable.

•Terminators are required at both

ends of the backbone cable.

•Terminators are required at both

ends of the backbone cable.

•Difficult to identify the problem

if the entire network shuts down.

•Difficult to identify the problem

if the entire network shuts down.

SUMMARY

RING TOPOLOGY

DEFINITION

•Cable forms closed ring or loop, with all

computers and devices arranged

along ring.

DEFINITION

•Cable forms closed ring or loop, with all

computers and devices arranged

along ring.

ADVANTAGE

•Data is quickly transferred without a

‘bottle neck’.

ADVANTAGE

•Data is quickly transferred without a

‘bottle neck’.

•The transmission of data is relatively

simple as packets travel in one direction

only.

•The transmission of data is relatively

simple as packets travel in one direction

only.

DISADVANTAGE

•Data packets must pass through every computer between the sender and recipient therefore, this

makes it slower.

DISADVANTAGE

•Data packets must pass through every computer between the sender and recipient therefore, this

makes it slower.

•If any of the nodes fail then the ring is broken

and data cannot be transmitted successfully.

•If any of the nodes fail then the ring is broken

and data cannot be transmitted successfully.

•It is difficult to troubleshoot

the ring.

•It is difficult to troubleshoot

the ring.

SUMMARY

DEFINITION

•All devices connect to a

central device, called hub.

DEFINITION

•All devices connect to a

central device, called hub.

ADVANTAGE

•Easy to install and wire.

ADVANTAGE

•Easy to install and wire.

•Security can be implemented

in the hub/switch.

•Security can be implemented

in the hub/switch.

DISADVANTAGE•Requires more cable

length than a linear topology.

DISADVANTAGE•Requires more cable

length than a linear topology.

If the hub or concentrator fails,

nodes attached are disabled.

If the hub or concentrator fails,

nodes attached are disabled.

More expensive than linear bus topologies because of the cost of

the concentrators.

More expensive than linear bus topologies because of the cost of

the concentrators.

STAR TOPOLOGY

•Easy to detect faults and to

remove parts

•Easy to detect faults and to

remove parts

SUMMARY

Reference

1. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS FOR BUSINESS:

2. Dr. S.Sudalaimuthu and R. Hariharan.: Himalaya publishing house. 

3. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY FOR MANAGEMENT: B.Muthukumaran, Oxford university press Computer Fundamentals, Goyal, Anita 1st Edition, Pearson Education.

4. Introduction to Information Technology by Leon and Leon, Vikas Publishing House.

5. Information Systems Today, 2e by Leonard Jessup, Joseph Valacich, PHI

6. Management Information Systems by Laudan & Laudan, Pearson Publications Computer Network, by Andrew Tannebaum Pearson.7. Data Communication & Networking, by Forouzen TMH.8 Data Communication & Computer Networks, by Brijindra Singh PHI.9. Data & Computer Communication, by Williams Stallings PHI.