BSAD 104Navigating the Internet

What is protocol?Communication between networks

or data transfer between networks and computers along internet

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TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol)

TCP/IP is set of communication protocols used by Internet to coordinate transfer of data that both the sending and receiving devices understandTypes of TCP/IP

HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) When page has http:// then has HTTP protocol

HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol over Secure Sockets Layer) Data will transfer securely (see green light) Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) encodes data with encryption key so if data

tampered will know (data summation before and after same minus encryption key)

FTP (File Transfer Protocol)

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What is SSL?Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)

Has Public and Private Key Public key used to encrypt data Private Key used to decipher key

Handshake Use Public key (encrypting data) Data goes between client (personal computer) and

web server Use private key Data goes back from web server to client

Encryption uses algorithm (complex math formula)

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How does Web work?

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Web server (holds website)

Personal Computer (client)

Database

Security Problem Here if not SSL

(Different TypesOf Databases: CustomerOrder, Sales,Payment)

Why is SSL important to us?Secure information is important in the

following areas:Credit card transactionsCustomer informationMedical records

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Is it ok to do a commercial transaction on a unsecure network?NOPossible Problems

Identity theftCredit card problems

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BrowsersBrowsers use hyperlinks (colored links that

lead through page)Types of Browsers

Internet ExplorerMozilla FirefoxGoogle ChromeOperaSafari

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Internet terms Uniform Resource Locator—www.crowder.edu Domain name—crowder.edu

Need to register Domain name so unique for business Domain name can be important for marketing purposes

Internet Protocol (IP)—digits of domain name (198.209.44.251=crowder.edu)

Top-level domain—end part of domain name .com .net .org .edu .gov .mil .info (unrestricted (for any purpose)) .tv (video or animation)

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How to look up IP addressCan look up IP address by:

Whois database (http://www.whois.net/)nslookup crowder.edu at command prompt

Whois database will tell: Tell at whois if name is being used Ping through whois website tells IP address Can ping and tell IP address through going to Start

Run at bottom of screen/type CMD to bring DOS window then type ping wikihow.com as example

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Internet termsSpyware type of software that is downloaded with game or

legitimate program that tracks browser habits or records keystrokes for userid and password

Cookies—small text files that remember your shopping preferences or login information (e.g. Hello, Mary Jones)

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Generations of the Web?Web 1.0 (“read-only” format)Web 2.0 (Websites are interactive like

Facebook, YouTube)Web 3.0 (2015 happened maybe) (Browsers

will be able to preview sites and give more accurate searching based on a learning curve of your preferences so searches direct you to more accurately to what you like)

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Internet Communication WordsKbps (kilobytes per second)Mbps (megabits/megabytes per second)—

how fast information travels; usually determine by ping test

Broadband—refers to speed and used in cable, satellite, and wireless; can handle both voice and data over channel

Bandwidth is rate of speed a signal travels over through medium like cable or DSL

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Types of Internet Connection Dial-up (56 kbs) Satellite (500Kbps)

Suffers from “rain fade” and latency (time it takes to bounce data off satellite and returned) Wireless (cell phone) or Wi-Fi Wireless Broadband Tier Carrier (T-1, T-2, T-3, T-4, T-5) (each channel can carry both voice and data)

T-1 has 26 individual channels each carrying 64Kbps T-3 has 672 individual channels at 64 Kbps therefore 43Mbps T-5 is capable of 400 Mbps

DSL (128 Kbps to 8Mbps) two copper wires (1 talk 1 internet) Cable Optical Cable (Fiber Optic) (1Gbps) Internet2 (100Gbps) for research and education*** http://www.computertooslow.com/internet-connections.asp

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Terms of WebUpload (e.g. taking file up to SkyDrive)Download (take file from website to

downloads directory on your own computer)

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Download SafetyDownloads can be source of many viruses or

spywareMake sure have Windows Firewall on O/S onKeep up on updatesUse anti-virus software that has spyware in it

or separate spywareSpam filter on unwanted email

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Selecting ISP (Internet Service Provider)Good service and support (reliable service)Contract Terms

Promotional rate and what after promotionPrice after contractService calls and cost if equipment fails

SecuritySpam filter and antivirus protection

Email (need multiple emails for different family members)Download and Upload Speeds

Any restrictions due to time of day of data uploads/downloads or receive slowing down after downloading so much (e.g. AT&T)

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Internet Search (Subject Directory or Search Engine)Subject Directory has links that are organized by

subject and is used in academic research Infomine—manage subjects chosen by academic

librarians from University of CaliforniaYahoo—commercial subject directory portal

Search Engine used for more narrow or obscure topics Each search has a different top 10 usually because each

company indexes information of web pages differentlyPartially secretive of how pages are index and how to

get to coveted Top 10 (important for marketing purposes)

You will get different search results on different search engines

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Internet Search EnginesTypes of Search Engine

GoogleAltaVistaAskBingDogpile

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Key Search WordsMost companies use web crawlers, robots,

spiders to crawl through web pages looking for key search words

Key search words are indexed in table (complex programs/systems doing this)

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Tips for Internet SearchingCheck spellingUse more than one word but not more than eight wordsUse quotation marks to force search to look for both words

as opposed to one or the other e.g. “Monarch Butterfly” has to have both words together as

opposed to separately if monarch (Kings/Queens) butterfly (all types of butterflies)

Boolean Search or Advanced Search in Google Use operators like AND, OR, and NOT to give specific searches

like “Paris” AND “Eiffel Tower” AND NOT “Louvre Museum” so searches only with Paris and Eiffel Tower and no Louvre Museum

If need video or image then select from Google sidebar for video/image or can type video: cpr or image: eiffel tower

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