Breast cancer awareness 13 march 2015

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Breast cancer Screening

Dr Nupur GuptaConsultant & Unit Head

Dept of Obstetrics & GynecologyParas Hospital, Gurgaon


Breast Cancer Facts

Most common cancer in urban women in India

About 1,25,000 new breast cancers are reported every year in India

40 per 1,00,000 women are affected with breast cancer every year in India

2nd most common cancer world wide

Incidence increases with age

All women are at risk


Breast Screening Program

Single most successful cancer

screening program in the world


What is Screening?

Tests to find out breast cancer early even

when there are no symptoms or lump

Helps to detect when lesion is very small &

has not yet spread

Better chances of cure

Screening Early: Better Outcome


Finds cancer early

Saves lives

Breast conserving surgery is possible

Advantages of Screening


Screening

Breast Self Examination (BSE)

Clinical Breast Examination (CBE)

Mammograms

MRI

They are combined or done alone according to need


When to do BSE?

On 5th to 7th day of menses – same day each

month

Pregnant women – same date each month

Takes about 10 minutes

Examine all breast tissue


Why don’t more women practice BSE?

Fear

Embarrassment

Youth

Lack of knowledge

Too busy, forgetfulness


Self breast examination

Do monthly exam of the breasts &

underarm area

Help to discover any changes early

Begin at age 20, continue monthly

The current thinking is that it’s more important to

know your breasts and be aware of any changes


Clinical Breast Examination

Performed by doctor

Annually for women over 40yrs

At least every 3 years for women between 20

to 40 yrs

More frequent examination for high risk

patients


To determine the presence of cysts, fluid-filled sacs that are not cancer

Ultrasound


Mammography

X-ray of the breast

Breast pressed in between two plates – tissue spread-

pictures taken

Has been shown to save lives in patients 50-69

Data mixed on usefulness for patients 40-49

Normal mammogram does not rule out possibility of

cancer completely


MRI

High risk patients along with mammography

Magnetic & radio waves used

More detailed evaluation

Disadvantage- higher rate of false positive test


BRCA 1

BRCA 2

Genetic Testing


Not cancerous

Not life threatening

Do not spread outside the

breast

Lumpectomy

Are cancerous

Can be life threatening

Can spread outside the

breast

Mastectomy

Benign Malignant

Tumors of Breast


Risk Factors for Breast Cancer

Gender: female (1% males)

Race: more common in whites

Age: increases as a woman gets older

Family history of breast or ovarian cancer: (mother or sister)

Early menarche or late menopause

No pregnancy and not breastfeeding


Risk Factors for Breast Cancer

Obesity

Diet: Fatty food

Excessive alcohol

Lack of Physical Activity ; Stress

Radiation Exposure

Hormones: estrogens & progesterones in Hormone

replacement therapy


Understanding Signs & Symptoms

Persistent lump or thickening in breast or armpit area

Changes in the color or texture of skin of breast, areola

or nipple (dimpling, puckering or scaling)

Newly retracted or inverted nipple

Blood or any unusual discharge

Change in shape & size of breast

Redness or pitting of the breast


Diagnosed with a breast lump

First, don't panic

80% of breast lumps are not cancerous Lumps

Often turn out to be harmless cysts or

Tissue changes related to your menstrual cycle

Biopsy


Treatment

Surgery

Radiation Therapy

Chemotherapy

Hormonal Therapy


Costly

If no recurrence

Angelina Jolie

Breast Reconstruction with Implant


Prevention

Maintain adequate weight

Healthy, nutritious diet

Regular exercise

Breastfeeding

Limiting exposure to estrogen

Quit or limit alcohol consumption


Myths

Touching the breasts too often will lead to cancer

Talking about cancer may cause cancer

Using illegal drugs causes cancer

Herbs cure breast cancer

An incision or bruise on breast can spread cancer

Frequent mammograms cause cancer


Myths

Breast cancer only affects older women

If at risk – surely causes breast cancer

Using antiperspirants causes breast cancer

Diagnosis of breast cancer- automatic death


Fact

BREAST CANCER IS PREVENTABLE

EARLY DIAGNOSIS

BEST OUTCOME


Thank You

Breast cancer awareness 13 march 2015

Healthcare

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