PA

GE

1

Dr Robert Corish

Global Scientific Ambassador amp Medical Advisor The AstaReal Group

Breaking the Glass Ceiling on Nootropics amp Cognitive Health

PA

GE

2

Neuroscience

Neuro - psychology psychiatry

Neuroimmunology

Neurogenomics proteomics metabolomicshellip

Neuropharmacology

Neuropathology

Behavioral - Neurology

PA

GE

3

Neuopathology Psychopathology

Anxiety depression mood disorders

Stress disorders ndash emotional work related PTSD

Addictions ndash chemical physical technology gaming

Cerebral vascular disease stroke

Cognitive impairment

Alzheimeracutes Dementia

Parkinsonacutes Huntingtonacutes ALS

PA

GE

4

Nootropics Evolution

Healthy Normal

Cognition

Rx

Pathology

(Disease)

Rx

Enhanced (Super

Cognition)

bullInsomnia

bullAnhedonia (lack of joy)

bullMood Disturbance

bullIrritability

bullPsychosis

Side Effects

PA

GE

5

ldquoSmart Drugsrdquo - Nootropics

PA

GE

2

Neuroscience

Neuro - psychology psychiatry

Neuroimmunology

Neurogenomics proteomics metabolomicshellip

Neuropharmacology

Neuropathology

Behavioral - Neurology

PA

GE

3

Neuopathology Psychopathology

Anxiety depression mood disorders

Stress disorders ndash emotional work related PTSD

Addictions ndash chemical physical technology gaming

Cerebral vascular disease stroke

Cognitive impairment

Alzheimeracutes Dementia

Parkinsonacutes Huntingtonacutes ALS

PA

GE

4

Nootropics Evolution

Healthy Normal

Cognition

Rx

Pathology

(Disease)

Rx

Enhanced (Super

Cognition)

bullInsomnia

bullAnhedonia (lack of joy)

bullMood Disturbance

bullIrritability

bullPsychosis

Side Effects

PA

GE

5

ldquoSmart Drugsrdquo - Nootropics

PA

GE

3

Neuopathology Psychopathology

Anxiety depression mood disorders

Stress disorders ndash emotional work related PTSD

Addictions ndash chemical physical technology gaming

Cerebral vascular disease stroke

Cognitive impairment

Alzheimeracutes Dementia

Parkinsonacutes Huntingtonacutes ALS

PA

GE

4

Nootropics Evolution

Healthy Normal

Cognition

Rx

Pathology

(Disease)

Rx

Enhanced (Super

Cognition)

bullInsomnia

bullAnhedonia (lack of joy)

bullMood Disturbance

bullIrritability

bullPsychosis

Side Effects

PA

GE

5

ldquoSmart Drugsrdquo - Nootropics

PA

GE

4

Nootropics Evolution

Healthy Normal

Cognition

Rx

Pathology

(Disease)

Rx

Enhanced (Super

Cognition)

bullInsomnia

bullAnhedonia (lack of joy)

bullMood Disturbance

bullIrritability

bullPsychosis

Side Effects

PA

GE

5

ldquoSmart Drugsrdquo - Nootropics

PA

GE

5

ldquoSmart Drugsrdquo - Nootropics

PA

GE

6

PA

GE

7

Millennials Gen X Boomers

PA

GE

8

Nootropics (Drugs)

Ritalin ndash Methylphenidate ndash ADHD

Provigil - Modafanil ndash Narcolepsy

Adderall - Amphetamine ndash ADHD Narcolepsy

Aricept ndash Donepezil ndash AchE Inhibitor

Exelon ndash Rivastigmine ndash AchE Inhibitor

Namenda ndash Memantamine ndash NMDA blocker

PA

GE

9

Nootropics (Supplements)

Astaxanthin - Carotenoid

DHA (Omega-3)

Curcumin ndash (Turmeric) Polyphenol

Citicoline ndash CDP- choline

L- Theanine ndash Amino acid

Ginkgo Biloba - Diterpenoid -trilactone

Hupericine A - Alkaloid

Vinpocetine - Alkaloid

PA

GE

10

Fatigue lowering by Astaxanthin supplementation Journal of Clinical Therapeutics amp Medicines 327 (2016) 277-91

Subdivision of mental and physical fatigue

After Week 8 +

Lower better

uarr

darr Worse

Am

ount

of

change fr

om

st

art

0

+plt01 and plt005

Thinking speed Concentration

Placebo Astaxanthin

PA

GE

11

Anterior half (15 min)

Latter half (15 min)

0

2

4

6

8

10

Placebo

Mental Fatigue Reduction

The Astaxanthin group demonstrated greater mental endurance and results vs placebo

Errors during the continuous

calculating task

0

1

2

3

4

5

Placebo Astaxanthin

plt005

Ax

Placebo experienced significant increase in errors during the latter half darr

Journal of Clinical Therapeutics amp Medicines 327 (2016) 277-91

PA

GE

12

Conclusions

As of todayhellipthe evidence suggests that ldquoNootropicsrdquo increase attention and focus but there is insufficient amp compelling data to make claims of enhanced cognition more long term studies of safety and efficacy required

However there is growing evidence demonstrating risk reduction amp prevention from cognitive decline and degenerative pathologies Research continues to emerge with irrefutable data demonstrating benefits

PA

GE

13

Exercise

Increase BDNF

IncreasesPreserves Hippocampus volume

Improves Memory

Increase Mitochondria Biogenesis

Reduces Inflammation

Improves Insulin sensitivity

Increases Neuronal connectivity (plasticity)

Resists Neuro-degeneration

PA

GE

14

Exercise Diversity

bull Aerobic

bull Resistance

bull Motor Coordination

bull Sports

PA

GE

15

Exercise training increases size of hippocampus and improves memory Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011 Feb 15108(7)3017-22 Erickson KI et al

PA

GE

7

Millennials Gen X Boomers

PA

GE

8

Nootropics (Drugs)

Ritalin ndash Methylphenidate ndash ADHD

Provigil - Modafanil ndash Narcolepsy

Adderall - Amphetamine ndash ADHD Narcolepsy

Aricept ndash Donepezil ndash AchE Inhibitor

Exelon ndash Rivastigmine ndash AchE Inhibitor

Namenda ndash Memantamine ndash NMDA blocker

PA

GE

9

Nootropics (Supplements)

Astaxanthin - Carotenoid

DHA (Omega-3)

Curcumin ndash (Turmeric) Polyphenol

Citicoline ndash CDP- choline

L- Theanine ndash Amino acid

Ginkgo Biloba - Diterpenoid -trilactone

Hupericine A - Alkaloid

Vinpocetine - Alkaloid

PA

GE

10

Fatigue lowering by Astaxanthin supplementation Journal of Clinical Therapeutics amp Medicines 327 (2016) 277-91

Subdivision of mental and physical fatigue

After Week 8 +

Lower better

uarr

darr Worse

Am

ount

of

change fr

om

st

art

0

+plt01 and plt005

Thinking speed Concentration

Placebo Astaxanthin

PA

GE

11

Anterior half (15 min)

Latter half (15 min)

0

2

4

6

8

10

Placebo

Mental Fatigue Reduction

The Astaxanthin group demonstrated greater mental endurance and results vs placebo

Errors during the continuous

calculating task

0

1

2

3

4

5

Placebo Astaxanthin

plt005

Ax

Placebo experienced significant increase in errors during the latter half darr

Journal of Clinical Therapeutics amp Medicines 327 (2016) 277-91

PA

GE

12

Conclusions

As of todayhellipthe evidence suggests that ldquoNootropicsrdquo increase attention and focus but there is insufficient amp compelling data to make claims of enhanced cognition more long term studies of safety and efficacy required

However there is growing evidence demonstrating risk reduction amp prevention from cognitive decline and degenerative pathologies Research continues to emerge with irrefutable data demonstrating benefits

PA

GE

13

Exercise

Increase BDNF

IncreasesPreserves Hippocampus volume

Improves Memory

Increase Mitochondria Biogenesis

Reduces Inflammation

Improves Insulin sensitivity

Increases Neuronal connectivity (plasticity)

Resists Neuro-degeneration

PA

GE

14

Exercise Diversity

bull Aerobic

bull Resistance

bull Motor Coordination

bull Sports

PA

GE

15

Exercise training increases size of hippocampus and improves memory Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011 Feb 15108(7)3017-22 Erickson KI et al

PA

GE

8

Nootropics (Drugs)

Ritalin ndash Methylphenidate ndash ADHD

Provigil - Modafanil ndash Narcolepsy

Adderall - Amphetamine ndash ADHD Narcolepsy

Aricept ndash Donepezil ndash AchE Inhibitor

Exelon ndash Rivastigmine ndash AchE Inhibitor

Namenda ndash Memantamine ndash NMDA blocker

PA

GE

9

Nootropics (Supplements)

Astaxanthin - Carotenoid

DHA (Omega-3)

Curcumin ndash (Turmeric) Polyphenol

Citicoline ndash CDP- choline

L- Theanine ndash Amino acid

Ginkgo Biloba - Diterpenoid -trilactone

Hupericine A - Alkaloid

Vinpocetine - Alkaloid

PA

GE

10

Fatigue lowering by Astaxanthin supplementation Journal of Clinical Therapeutics amp Medicines 327 (2016) 277-91

Subdivision of mental and physical fatigue

After Week 8 +

Lower better

uarr

darr Worse

Am

ount

of

change fr

om

st

art

0

+plt01 and plt005

Thinking speed Concentration

Placebo Astaxanthin

PA

GE

11

Anterior half (15 min)

Latter half (15 min)

0

2

4

6

8

10

Placebo

Mental Fatigue Reduction

The Astaxanthin group demonstrated greater mental endurance and results vs placebo

Errors during the continuous

calculating task

0

1

2

3

4

5

Placebo Astaxanthin

plt005

Ax

Placebo experienced significant increase in errors during the latter half darr

Journal of Clinical Therapeutics amp Medicines 327 (2016) 277-91

PA

GE

12

Conclusions

As of todayhellipthe evidence suggests that ldquoNootropicsrdquo increase attention and focus but there is insufficient amp compelling data to make claims of enhanced cognition more long term studies of safety and efficacy required

However there is growing evidence demonstrating risk reduction amp prevention from cognitive decline and degenerative pathologies Research continues to emerge with irrefutable data demonstrating benefits

PA

GE

13

Exercise

Increase BDNF

IncreasesPreserves Hippocampus volume

Improves Memory

Increase Mitochondria Biogenesis

Reduces Inflammation

Improves Insulin sensitivity

Increases Neuronal connectivity (plasticity)

Resists Neuro-degeneration

PA

GE

14

Exercise Diversity

bull Aerobic

bull Resistance

bull Motor Coordination

bull Sports

PA

GE

15

Exercise training increases size of hippocampus and improves memory Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011 Feb 15108(7)3017-22 Erickson KI et al

PA

GE

9

Nootropics (Supplements)

Astaxanthin - Carotenoid

DHA (Omega-3)

Curcumin ndash (Turmeric) Polyphenol

Citicoline ndash CDP- choline

L- Theanine ndash Amino acid

Ginkgo Biloba - Diterpenoid -trilactone

Hupericine A - Alkaloid

Vinpocetine - Alkaloid

PA

GE

10

Fatigue lowering by Astaxanthin supplementation Journal of Clinical Therapeutics amp Medicines 327 (2016) 277-91

Subdivision of mental and physical fatigue

After Week 8 +

Lower better

uarr

darr Worse

Am

ount

of

change fr

om

st

art

0

+plt01 and plt005

Thinking speed Concentration

Placebo Astaxanthin

PA

GE

11

Anterior half (15 min)

Latter half (15 min)

0

2

4

6

8

10

Placebo

Mental Fatigue Reduction

The Astaxanthin group demonstrated greater mental endurance and results vs placebo

Errors during the continuous

calculating task

0

1

2

3

4

5

Placebo Astaxanthin

plt005

Ax

Placebo experienced significant increase in errors during the latter half darr

Journal of Clinical Therapeutics amp Medicines 327 (2016) 277-91

PA

GE

12

Conclusions

As of todayhellipthe evidence suggests that ldquoNootropicsrdquo increase attention and focus but there is insufficient amp compelling data to make claims of enhanced cognition more long term studies of safety and efficacy required

However there is growing evidence demonstrating risk reduction amp prevention from cognitive decline and degenerative pathologies Research continues to emerge with irrefutable data demonstrating benefits

PA

GE

13

Exercise

Increase BDNF

IncreasesPreserves Hippocampus volume

Improves Memory

Increase Mitochondria Biogenesis

Reduces Inflammation

Improves Insulin sensitivity

Increases Neuronal connectivity (plasticity)

Resists Neuro-degeneration

PA

GE

14

Exercise Diversity

bull Aerobic

bull Resistance

bull Motor Coordination

bull Sports

PA

GE

15

Exercise training increases size of hippocampus and improves memory Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011 Feb 15108(7)3017-22 Erickson KI et al

PA

GE

10

Fatigue lowering by Astaxanthin supplementation Journal of Clinical Therapeutics amp Medicines 327 (2016) 277-91

Subdivision of mental and physical fatigue

After Week 8 +

Lower better

uarr

darr Worse

Am

ount

of

change fr

om

st

art

0

+plt01 and plt005

Thinking speed Concentration

Placebo Astaxanthin

PA

GE

11

Anterior half (15 min)

Latter half (15 min)

0

2

4

6

8

10

Placebo

Mental Fatigue Reduction

The Astaxanthin group demonstrated greater mental endurance and results vs placebo

Errors during the continuous

calculating task

0

1

2

3

4

5

Placebo Astaxanthin

plt005

Ax

Placebo experienced significant increase in errors during the latter half darr

Journal of Clinical Therapeutics amp Medicines 327 (2016) 277-91

PA

GE

12

Conclusions

As of todayhellipthe evidence suggests that ldquoNootropicsrdquo increase attention and focus but there is insufficient amp compelling data to make claims of enhanced cognition more long term studies of safety and efficacy required

However there is growing evidence demonstrating risk reduction amp prevention from cognitive decline and degenerative pathologies Research continues to emerge with irrefutable data demonstrating benefits

PA

GE

13

Exercise

Increase BDNF

IncreasesPreserves Hippocampus volume

Improves Memory

Increase Mitochondria Biogenesis

Reduces Inflammation

Improves Insulin sensitivity

Increases Neuronal connectivity (plasticity)

Resists Neuro-degeneration

PA

GE

14

Exercise Diversity

bull Aerobic

bull Resistance

bull Motor Coordination

bull Sports

PA

GE

15

Exercise training increases size of hippocampus and improves memory Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011 Feb 15108(7)3017-22 Erickson KI et al

PA

GE

11

Anterior half (15 min)

Latter half (15 min)

0

2

4

6

8

10

Placebo

Mental Fatigue Reduction

The Astaxanthin group demonstrated greater mental endurance and results vs placebo

Errors during the continuous

calculating task

0

1

2

3

4

5

Placebo Astaxanthin

plt005

Ax

Placebo experienced significant increase in errors during the latter half darr

Journal of Clinical Therapeutics amp Medicines 327 (2016) 277-91

PA

GE

12

Conclusions

As of todayhellipthe evidence suggests that ldquoNootropicsrdquo increase attention and focus but there is insufficient amp compelling data to make claims of enhanced cognition more long term studies of safety and efficacy required

However there is growing evidence demonstrating risk reduction amp prevention from cognitive decline and degenerative pathologies Research continues to emerge with irrefutable data demonstrating benefits

PA

GE

13

Exercise

Increase BDNF

IncreasesPreserves Hippocampus volume

Improves Memory

Increase Mitochondria Biogenesis

Reduces Inflammation

Improves Insulin sensitivity

Increases Neuronal connectivity (plasticity)

Resists Neuro-degeneration

PA

GE

14

Exercise Diversity

bull Aerobic

bull Resistance

bull Motor Coordination

bull Sports

PA

GE

15

Exercise training increases size of hippocampus and improves memory Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011 Feb 15108(7)3017-22 Erickson KI et al

PA

GE

12

Conclusions

As of todayhellipthe evidence suggests that ldquoNootropicsrdquo increase attention and focus but there is insufficient amp compelling data to make claims of enhanced cognition more long term studies of safety and efficacy required

However there is growing evidence demonstrating risk reduction amp prevention from cognitive decline and degenerative pathologies Research continues to emerge with irrefutable data demonstrating benefits

PA

GE

13

Exercise

Increase BDNF

IncreasesPreserves Hippocampus volume

Improves Memory

Increase Mitochondria Biogenesis

Reduces Inflammation

Improves Insulin sensitivity

Increases Neuronal connectivity (plasticity)

Resists Neuro-degeneration

PA

GE

14

Exercise Diversity

bull Aerobic

bull Resistance

bull Motor Coordination

bull Sports

PA

GE

15

Exercise training increases size of hippocampus and improves memory Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011 Feb 15108(7)3017-22 Erickson KI et al

PA

GE

13

Exercise

Increase BDNF

IncreasesPreserves Hippocampus volume

Improves Memory

Increase Mitochondria Biogenesis

Reduces Inflammation

Improves Insulin sensitivity

Increases Neuronal connectivity (plasticity)

Resists Neuro-degeneration

PA

GE

14

Exercise Diversity

bull Aerobic

bull Resistance

bull Motor Coordination

bull Sports

PA

GE

15

Exercise training increases size of hippocampus and improves memory Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011 Feb 15108(7)3017-22 Erickson KI et al

PA

GE

14

Exercise Diversity

bull Aerobic

bull Resistance

bull Motor Coordination

bull Sports

PA

GE

15

Exercise training increases size of hippocampus and improves memory Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011 Feb 15108(7)3017-22 Erickson KI et al

PA

GE

15

Exercise training increases size of hippocampus and improves memory Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011 Feb 15108(7)3017-22 Erickson KI et al

PA

GE

16

Caloric Restriction ndash Intermittent Fasting

Increase BDNF

Promotes Ketosis

Reduces Amyloid Beta accumulation

Increase Adiponectin

Stimulates Sirtuins

Promotes DNA repair

Reduces Oxidative Stress (inflammation)

PA

GE

17

Brain Activity

bull Languages

bull Lumosity

bull Fluid intelligence

bull Neurobics

bull Social Interaction

PA

GE

18

Race to the Future

Genotyping

Pharmaco-genomics

Nutragenomics

Transcranial electrical stimulation

Neuroprosthesis (Cyber kinetics)

BCI ( AI Brain Computer interface) BMISL Berkley

PA

GE

19

PA

GE

20

PA

GE

21

Finding the Right Balance

PA

GE

22

Thank You

ldquoThe Hallmarks of Agingrdquo Cell 2013 June 6 153(6) 1194ndash1217 Carlos Loacutepez-Otiacuten Maria A Blasco5 Prescription Stimulants Effects on Healthy Inhibitory Control Working Memory and Episodic Memory A Meta-analysis J Cogn Neurosci 1ndash21 Ilieva IP Hook CJ Farah MJ (January 2015)

ldquoThe Cognition-Enhancing Effects of Psychostimulants Involve Direct Action in the Prefrontal Cortex Biol Psychiatry 77 (11) 940ndash950 Spencer RC Devilbiss DM Berridge CW (June 2015) ldquoImprovements in Attention and Decision-Making Following Combined Behavioral Training and Brain Stimulationrdquo Cereb Cortex 2016 Jul 19 Filmer HL1 Varghese E1 Hawkins GE2 Mattingley JB3

ldquoBrain stimulation mathematical and numerical training Contribution of core and noncore skillsrdquo Prog Brain Res 2016227353-88Looi CY1 Cohen Kadosh R

ldquoUncovering the genetic underpinnings of cognitionrdquo Trends in Cognitive Sciences September 2011 Vol 15 No 9 Trevor W Robbins1 and Stavroula Kousta

ldquoCombined omega-3 fatty acids aerobic exercise and cognitive stimulation prevents decline in gray matter volume of the frontal parietal and cingulate cortex in

patients with mild cognitive impairmentrdquo Neuroimage 2016 May 1131226-38Koumlbe T1 Witte AV2 Schnelle A3 Lesemann A3 Fabian S3 Tesky VA4 Pantel J4 Floumlel A

ldquoThe Study of Mental and Resistance Training (SMART) StudymdashResistance Training andor Cognitive Training in Mild Cognitive Impairment A Randomized Double-Blind Double-Sham Controlled Trialrdquo J Am Med Dir Assoc 2014 Dec15(12)873-80Maria A Fiatarone Singh (Resistance training significantly improved global cognitive function with maintenance of executive and global benefits over 18 months)

ldquoAssociation between intake of B vitamins and cognitive function in elderly Koreans with cognitive impairmentrdquo Nutr J 2014 Dec 1713(1)118Kim H Kim G Jang

W Kim SY Chang N1

ldquoCerefolin-NAC Therapy of Hyper-homocysteinemia Delays Cortical and White Matter Atrophy in Alzheimers Disease and Cerebrovascular Diseaserdquo J Alzheimerrsquos Dis 2016 Oct 454(3)1073-1084 Shankle WR1234 Hara J12 Barrentine LW5 Curole MV (CFLN was associated with significantly slowed hippocampal and cortical atrophy rates in ADRD patients with HHcy and forebrain parenchymal

atrophy rates in CVD patients with HHcy) ldquoSarcopenia as a Predictor of Future Cognitive Impairment in Older Adultsrdquo J Nutr Health Aging 201620(5)496-502 Moon JH1 Moon JH Kim KM Choi SH Lim S

Park KS Kim KW Jang HC ldquoNot only cardiovascular but also coordinative exercise increases hippocampal volume in older adultsrdquo Frontiers Aging Neurosci ldquo 2014 6 170 ldquoNeuroinflammation negatively affects adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognition can exercise compensaterdquo 2 Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2016 Feb61121-31 Ryan SM1 Nolan YM

ldquoA Periodic Diet that Mimics Fasting Promotes Multi- System Regeneration Enhanced Cognitive Performance and Healthspanrdquo 2015 Cell Metabolism 22 86ndash99 Brandhorst et al ldquo Postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors facilitate excitation of developing CA1 pyramidal neuronsrdquo J Neurophysiol 2016 Nov 1116(5)2043-2055 Chung BY1 Bignell W1

Thank You

ldquoExamining the potential clinical value of curcumin in the prevention and diagnosis of Alzheimerrsquos diseaserdquo Br J Nutr Volume 115 Issue 3 February 2016 pp

449-465 K G Goozee (a1) (a2) (a3) T M Shah (a2) (a4) H R Sohrabi (a2) (a4) S R Rainey-Smith

ldquoAntioxidant effect of astaxanthin on phospholipid peroxidation in human erythrocytesrdquo Br J Nutr 2011 Jun105(111563-71Nakagawa K1 Kiko T Miyazawa

T Carpentero Burdeos G Kimura F Satoh A Miyazawa T

ldquoThe role of citicoline in cognitive impairment pharmacological characteristics possible advantages and doubts for an old drug with new perspectivesrdquo Clin Interv Aging 2015 10 1421ndash1429 Pietro Gareri

1 Alberto Castagna

PA

GE

17

Brain Activity

bull Languages

bull Lumosity

bull Fluid intelligence

bull Neurobics

bull Social Interaction

PA

GE

18

Race to the Future

Genotyping

Pharmaco-genomics

Nutragenomics

Transcranial electrical stimulation

Neuroprosthesis (Cyber kinetics)

BCI ( AI Brain Computer interface) BMISL Berkley

PA

GE

19

PA

GE

20

PA

GE

21

Finding the Right Balance

PA

GE

22

Thank You

ldquoThe Hallmarks of Agingrdquo Cell 2013 June 6 153(6) 1194ndash1217 Carlos Loacutepez-Otiacuten Maria A Blasco5 Prescription Stimulants Effects on Healthy Inhibitory Control Working Memory and Episodic Memory A Meta-analysis J Cogn Neurosci 1ndash21 Ilieva IP Hook CJ Farah MJ (January 2015)

ldquoThe Cognition-Enhancing Effects of Psychostimulants Involve Direct Action in the Prefrontal Cortex Biol Psychiatry 77 (11) 940ndash950 Spencer RC Devilbiss DM Berridge CW (June 2015) ldquoImprovements in Attention and Decision-Making Following Combined Behavioral Training and Brain Stimulationrdquo Cereb Cortex 2016 Jul 19 Filmer HL1 Varghese E1 Hawkins GE2 Mattingley JB3

ldquoBrain stimulation mathematical and numerical training Contribution of core and noncore skillsrdquo Prog Brain Res 2016227353-88Looi CY1 Cohen Kadosh R

ldquoUncovering the genetic underpinnings of cognitionrdquo Trends in Cognitive Sciences September 2011 Vol 15 No 9 Trevor W Robbins1 and Stavroula Kousta

ldquoCombined omega-3 fatty acids aerobic exercise and cognitive stimulation prevents decline in gray matter volume of the frontal parietal and cingulate cortex in

patients with mild cognitive impairmentrdquo Neuroimage 2016 May 1131226-38Koumlbe T1 Witte AV2 Schnelle A3 Lesemann A3 Fabian S3 Tesky VA4 Pantel J4 Floumlel A

ldquoThe Study of Mental and Resistance Training (SMART) StudymdashResistance Training andor Cognitive Training in Mild Cognitive Impairment A Randomized Double-Blind Double-Sham Controlled Trialrdquo J Am Med Dir Assoc 2014 Dec15(12)873-80Maria A Fiatarone Singh (Resistance training significantly improved global cognitive function with maintenance of executive and global benefits over 18 months)

ldquoAssociation between intake of B vitamins and cognitive function in elderly Koreans with cognitive impairmentrdquo Nutr J 2014 Dec 1713(1)118Kim H Kim G Jang

W Kim SY Chang N1

ldquoCerefolin-NAC Therapy of Hyper-homocysteinemia Delays Cortical and White Matter Atrophy in Alzheimers Disease and Cerebrovascular Diseaserdquo J Alzheimerrsquos Dis 2016 Oct 454(3)1073-1084 Shankle WR1234 Hara J12 Barrentine LW5 Curole MV (CFLN was associated with significantly slowed hippocampal and cortical atrophy rates in ADRD patients with HHcy and forebrain parenchymal

atrophy rates in CVD patients with HHcy) ldquoSarcopenia as a Predictor of Future Cognitive Impairment in Older Adultsrdquo J Nutr Health Aging 201620(5)496-502 Moon JH1 Moon JH Kim KM Choi SH Lim S

Park KS Kim KW Jang HC ldquoNot only cardiovascular but also coordinative exercise increases hippocampal volume in older adultsrdquo Frontiers Aging Neurosci ldquo 2014 6 170 ldquoNeuroinflammation negatively affects adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognition can exercise compensaterdquo 2 Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2016 Feb61121-31 Ryan SM1 Nolan YM

ldquoA Periodic Diet that Mimics Fasting Promotes Multi- System Regeneration Enhanced Cognitive Performance and Healthspanrdquo 2015 Cell Metabolism 22 86ndash99 Brandhorst et al ldquo Postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors facilitate excitation of developing CA1 pyramidal neuronsrdquo J Neurophysiol 2016 Nov 1116(5)2043-2055 Chung BY1 Bignell W1

Thank You

ldquoExamining the potential clinical value of curcumin in the prevention and diagnosis of Alzheimerrsquos diseaserdquo Br J Nutr Volume 115 Issue 3 February 2016 pp

449-465 K G Goozee (a1) (a2) (a3) T M Shah (a2) (a4) H R Sohrabi (a2) (a4) S R Rainey-Smith

ldquoAntioxidant effect of astaxanthin on phospholipid peroxidation in human erythrocytesrdquo Br J Nutr 2011 Jun105(111563-71Nakagawa K1 Kiko T Miyazawa

T Carpentero Burdeos G Kimura F Satoh A Miyazawa T

ldquoThe role of citicoline in cognitive impairment pharmacological characteristics possible advantages and doubts for an old drug with new perspectivesrdquo Clin Interv Aging 2015 10 1421ndash1429 Pietro Gareri

1 Alberto Castagna

PA

GE

18

Race to the Future

Genotyping

Pharmaco-genomics

Nutragenomics

Transcranial electrical stimulation

Neuroprosthesis (Cyber kinetics)

BCI ( AI Brain Computer interface) BMISL Berkley

PA

GE

19

PA

GE

20

PA

GE

21

Finding the Right Balance

PA

GE

22

Thank You

ldquoThe Hallmarks of Agingrdquo Cell 2013 June 6 153(6) 1194ndash1217 Carlos Loacutepez-Otiacuten Maria A Blasco5 Prescription Stimulants Effects on Healthy Inhibitory Control Working Memory and Episodic Memory A Meta-analysis J Cogn Neurosci 1ndash21 Ilieva IP Hook CJ Farah MJ (January 2015)

ldquoThe Cognition-Enhancing Effects of Psychostimulants Involve Direct Action in the Prefrontal Cortex Biol Psychiatry 77 (11) 940ndash950 Spencer RC Devilbiss DM Berridge CW (June 2015) ldquoImprovements in Attention and Decision-Making Following Combined Behavioral Training and Brain Stimulationrdquo Cereb Cortex 2016 Jul 19 Filmer HL1 Varghese E1 Hawkins GE2 Mattingley JB3

ldquoBrain stimulation mathematical and numerical training Contribution of core and noncore skillsrdquo Prog Brain Res 2016227353-88Looi CY1 Cohen Kadosh R

ldquoUncovering the genetic underpinnings of cognitionrdquo Trends in Cognitive Sciences September 2011 Vol 15 No 9 Trevor W Robbins1 and Stavroula Kousta

ldquoCombined omega-3 fatty acids aerobic exercise and cognitive stimulation prevents decline in gray matter volume of the frontal parietal and cingulate cortex in

patients with mild cognitive impairmentrdquo Neuroimage 2016 May 1131226-38Koumlbe T1 Witte AV2 Schnelle A3 Lesemann A3 Fabian S3 Tesky VA4 Pantel J4 Floumlel A

ldquoThe Study of Mental and Resistance Training (SMART) StudymdashResistance Training andor Cognitive Training in Mild Cognitive Impairment A Randomized Double-Blind Double-Sham Controlled Trialrdquo J Am Med Dir Assoc 2014 Dec15(12)873-80Maria A Fiatarone Singh (Resistance training significantly improved global cognitive function with maintenance of executive and global benefits over 18 months)

ldquoAssociation between intake of B vitamins and cognitive function in elderly Koreans with cognitive impairmentrdquo Nutr J 2014 Dec 1713(1)118Kim H Kim G Jang

W Kim SY Chang N1

ldquoCerefolin-NAC Therapy of Hyper-homocysteinemia Delays Cortical and White Matter Atrophy in Alzheimers Disease and Cerebrovascular Diseaserdquo J Alzheimerrsquos Dis 2016 Oct 454(3)1073-1084 Shankle WR1234 Hara J12 Barrentine LW5 Curole MV (CFLN was associated with significantly slowed hippocampal and cortical atrophy rates in ADRD patients with HHcy and forebrain parenchymal

atrophy rates in CVD patients with HHcy) ldquoSarcopenia as a Predictor of Future Cognitive Impairment in Older Adultsrdquo J Nutr Health Aging 201620(5)496-502 Moon JH1 Moon JH Kim KM Choi SH Lim S

Park KS Kim KW Jang HC ldquoNot only cardiovascular but also coordinative exercise increases hippocampal volume in older adultsrdquo Frontiers Aging Neurosci ldquo 2014 6 170 ldquoNeuroinflammation negatively affects adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognition can exercise compensaterdquo 2 Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2016 Feb61121-31 Ryan SM1 Nolan YM

ldquoA Periodic Diet that Mimics Fasting Promotes Multi- System Regeneration Enhanced Cognitive Performance and Healthspanrdquo 2015 Cell Metabolism 22 86ndash99 Brandhorst et al ldquo Postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors facilitate excitation of developing CA1 pyramidal neuronsrdquo J Neurophysiol 2016 Nov 1116(5)2043-2055 Chung BY1 Bignell W1

Thank You

ldquoExamining the potential clinical value of curcumin in the prevention and diagnosis of Alzheimerrsquos diseaserdquo Br J Nutr Volume 115 Issue 3 February 2016 pp

449-465 K G Goozee (a1) (a2) (a3) T M Shah (a2) (a4) H R Sohrabi (a2) (a4) S R Rainey-Smith

ldquoAntioxidant effect of astaxanthin on phospholipid peroxidation in human erythrocytesrdquo Br J Nutr 2011 Jun105(111563-71Nakagawa K1 Kiko T Miyazawa

T Carpentero Burdeos G Kimura F Satoh A Miyazawa T

ldquoThe role of citicoline in cognitive impairment pharmacological characteristics possible advantages and doubts for an old drug with new perspectivesrdquo Clin Interv Aging 2015 10 1421ndash1429 Pietro Gareri

1 Alberto Castagna

PA

GE

19

PA

GE

20

PA

GE

21

Finding the Right Balance

PA

GE

22

Thank You

ldquoThe Hallmarks of Agingrdquo Cell 2013 June 6 153(6) 1194ndash1217 Carlos Loacutepez-Otiacuten Maria A Blasco5 Prescription Stimulants Effects on Healthy Inhibitory Control Working Memory and Episodic Memory A Meta-analysis J Cogn Neurosci 1ndash21 Ilieva IP Hook CJ Farah MJ (January 2015)

ldquoThe Cognition-Enhancing Effects of Psychostimulants Involve Direct Action in the Prefrontal Cortex Biol Psychiatry 77 (11) 940ndash950 Spencer RC Devilbiss DM Berridge CW (June 2015) ldquoImprovements in Attention and Decision-Making Following Combined Behavioral Training and Brain Stimulationrdquo Cereb Cortex 2016 Jul 19 Filmer HL1 Varghese E1 Hawkins GE2 Mattingley JB3

ldquoBrain stimulation mathematical and numerical training Contribution of core and noncore skillsrdquo Prog Brain Res 2016227353-88Looi CY1 Cohen Kadosh R

ldquoUncovering the genetic underpinnings of cognitionrdquo Trends in Cognitive Sciences September 2011 Vol 15 No 9 Trevor W Robbins1 and Stavroula Kousta

ldquoCombined omega-3 fatty acids aerobic exercise and cognitive stimulation prevents decline in gray matter volume of the frontal parietal and cingulate cortex in

patients with mild cognitive impairmentrdquo Neuroimage 2016 May 1131226-38Koumlbe T1 Witte AV2 Schnelle A3 Lesemann A3 Fabian S3 Tesky VA4 Pantel J4 Floumlel A

ldquoThe Study of Mental and Resistance Training (SMART) StudymdashResistance Training andor Cognitive Training in Mild Cognitive Impairment A Randomized Double-Blind Double-Sham Controlled Trialrdquo J Am Med Dir Assoc 2014 Dec15(12)873-80Maria A Fiatarone Singh (Resistance training significantly improved global cognitive function with maintenance of executive and global benefits over 18 months)

ldquoAssociation between intake of B vitamins and cognitive function in elderly Koreans with cognitive impairmentrdquo Nutr J 2014 Dec 1713(1)118Kim H Kim G Jang

W Kim SY Chang N1

ldquoCerefolin-NAC Therapy of Hyper-homocysteinemia Delays Cortical and White Matter Atrophy in Alzheimers Disease and Cerebrovascular Diseaserdquo J Alzheimerrsquos Dis 2016 Oct 454(3)1073-1084 Shankle WR1234 Hara J12 Barrentine LW5 Curole MV (CFLN was associated with significantly slowed hippocampal and cortical atrophy rates in ADRD patients with HHcy and forebrain parenchymal

atrophy rates in CVD patients with HHcy) ldquoSarcopenia as a Predictor of Future Cognitive Impairment in Older Adultsrdquo J Nutr Health Aging 201620(5)496-502 Moon JH1 Moon JH Kim KM Choi SH Lim S

Park KS Kim KW Jang HC ldquoNot only cardiovascular but also coordinative exercise increases hippocampal volume in older adultsrdquo Frontiers Aging Neurosci ldquo 2014 6 170 ldquoNeuroinflammation negatively affects adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognition can exercise compensaterdquo 2 Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2016 Feb61121-31 Ryan SM1 Nolan YM

ldquoA Periodic Diet that Mimics Fasting Promotes Multi- System Regeneration Enhanced Cognitive Performance and Healthspanrdquo 2015 Cell Metabolism 22 86ndash99 Brandhorst et al ldquo Postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors facilitate excitation of developing CA1 pyramidal neuronsrdquo J Neurophysiol 2016 Nov 1116(5)2043-2055 Chung BY1 Bignell W1

Thank You

ldquoExamining the potential clinical value of curcumin in the prevention and diagnosis of Alzheimerrsquos diseaserdquo Br J Nutr Volume 115 Issue 3 February 2016 pp

449-465 K G Goozee (a1) (a2) (a3) T M Shah (a2) (a4) H R Sohrabi (a2) (a4) S R Rainey-Smith

ldquoAntioxidant effect of astaxanthin on phospholipid peroxidation in human erythrocytesrdquo Br J Nutr 2011 Jun105(111563-71Nakagawa K1 Kiko T Miyazawa

T Carpentero Burdeos G Kimura F Satoh A Miyazawa T

ldquoThe role of citicoline in cognitive impairment pharmacological characteristics possible advantages and doubts for an old drug with new perspectivesrdquo Clin Interv Aging 2015 10 1421ndash1429 Pietro Gareri

1 Alberto Castagna

PA

GE

20

PA

GE

21

Finding the Right Balance

PA

GE

22

Thank You

ldquoThe Hallmarks of Agingrdquo Cell 2013 June 6 153(6) 1194ndash1217 Carlos Loacutepez-Otiacuten Maria A Blasco5 Prescription Stimulants Effects on Healthy Inhibitory Control Working Memory and Episodic Memory A Meta-analysis J Cogn Neurosci 1ndash21 Ilieva IP Hook CJ Farah MJ (January 2015)

ldquoThe Cognition-Enhancing Effects of Psychostimulants Involve Direct Action in the Prefrontal Cortex Biol Psychiatry 77 (11) 940ndash950 Spencer RC Devilbiss DM Berridge CW (June 2015) ldquoImprovements in Attention and Decision-Making Following Combined Behavioral Training and Brain Stimulationrdquo Cereb Cortex 2016 Jul 19 Filmer HL1 Varghese E1 Hawkins GE2 Mattingley JB3

ldquoBrain stimulation mathematical and numerical training Contribution of core and noncore skillsrdquo Prog Brain Res 2016227353-88Looi CY1 Cohen Kadosh R

ldquoUncovering the genetic underpinnings of cognitionrdquo Trends in Cognitive Sciences September 2011 Vol 15 No 9 Trevor W Robbins1 and Stavroula Kousta

ldquoCombined omega-3 fatty acids aerobic exercise and cognitive stimulation prevents decline in gray matter volume of the frontal parietal and cingulate cortex in

patients with mild cognitive impairmentrdquo Neuroimage 2016 May 1131226-38Koumlbe T1 Witte AV2 Schnelle A3 Lesemann A3 Fabian S3 Tesky VA4 Pantel J4 Floumlel A

ldquoThe Study of Mental and Resistance Training (SMART) StudymdashResistance Training andor Cognitive Training in Mild Cognitive Impairment A Randomized Double-Blind Double-Sham Controlled Trialrdquo J Am Med Dir Assoc 2014 Dec15(12)873-80Maria A Fiatarone Singh (Resistance training significantly improved global cognitive function with maintenance of executive and global benefits over 18 months)

ldquoAssociation between intake of B vitamins and cognitive function in elderly Koreans with cognitive impairmentrdquo Nutr J 2014 Dec 1713(1)118Kim H Kim G Jang

W Kim SY Chang N1

ldquoCerefolin-NAC Therapy of Hyper-homocysteinemia Delays Cortical and White Matter Atrophy in Alzheimers Disease and Cerebrovascular Diseaserdquo J Alzheimerrsquos Dis 2016 Oct 454(3)1073-1084 Shankle WR1234 Hara J12 Barrentine LW5 Curole MV (CFLN was associated with significantly slowed hippocampal and cortical atrophy rates in ADRD patients with HHcy and forebrain parenchymal

atrophy rates in CVD patients with HHcy) ldquoSarcopenia as a Predictor of Future Cognitive Impairment in Older Adultsrdquo J Nutr Health Aging 201620(5)496-502 Moon JH1 Moon JH Kim KM Choi SH Lim S

Park KS Kim KW Jang HC ldquoNot only cardiovascular but also coordinative exercise increases hippocampal volume in older adultsrdquo Frontiers Aging Neurosci ldquo 2014 6 170 ldquoNeuroinflammation negatively affects adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognition can exercise compensaterdquo 2 Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2016 Feb61121-31 Ryan SM1 Nolan YM

ldquoA Periodic Diet that Mimics Fasting Promotes Multi- System Regeneration Enhanced Cognitive Performance and Healthspanrdquo 2015 Cell Metabolism 22 86ndash99 Brandhorst et al ldquo Postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors facilitate excitation of developing CA1 pyramidal neuronsrdquo J Neurophysiol 2016 Nov 1116(5)2043-2055 Chung BY1 Bignell W1

Thank You

ldquoExamining the potential clinical value of curcumin in the prevention and diagnosis of Alzheimerrsquos diseaserdquo Br J Nutr Volume 115 Issue 3 February 2016 pp

449-465 K G Goozee (a1) (a2) (a3) T M Shah (a2) (a4) H R Sohrabi (a2) (a4) S R Rainey-Smith

ldquoAntioxidant effect of astaxanthin on phospholipid peroxidation in human erythrocytesrdquo Br J Nutr 2011 Jun105(111563-71Nakagawa K1 Kiko T Miyazawa

T Carpentero Burdeos G Kimura F Satoh A Miyazawa T

ldquoThe role of citicoline in cognitive impairment pharmacological characteristics possible advantages and doubts for an old drug with new perspectivesrdquo Clin Interv Aging 2015 10 1421ndash1429 Pietro Gareri

1 Alberto Castagna

PA

GE

21

Finding the Right Balance

PA

GE

22

Thank You

ldquoThe Hallmarks of Agingrdquo Cell 2013 June 6 153(6) 1194ndash1217 Carlos Loacutepez-Otiacuten Maria A Blasco5 Prescription Stimulants Effects on Healthy Inhibitory Control Working Memory and Episodic Memory A Meta-analysis J Cogn Neurosci 1ndash21 Ilieva IP Hook CJ Farah MJ (January 2015)

ldquoThe Cognition-Enhancing Effects of Psychostimulants Involve Direct Action in the Prefrontal Cortex Biol Psychiatry 77 (11) 940ndash950 Spencer RC Devilbiss DM Berridge CW (June 2015) ldquoImprovements in Attention and Decision-Making Following Combined Behavioral Training and Brain Stimulationrdquo Cereb Cortex 2016 Jul 19 Filmer HL1 Varghese E1 Hawkins GE2 Mattingley JB3

ldquoBrain stimulation mathematical and numerical training Contribution of core and noncore skillsrdquo Prog Brain Res 2016227353-88Looi CY1 Cohen Kadosh R

ldquoUncovering the genetic underpinnings of cognitionrdquo Trends in Cognitive Sciences September 2011 Vol 15 No 9 Trevor W Robbins1 and Stavroula Kousta

ldquoCombined omega-3 fatty acids aerobic exercise and cognitive stimulation prevents decline in gray matter volume of the frontal parietal and cingulate cortex in

patients with mild cognitive impairmentrdquo Neuroimage 2016 May 1131226-38Koumlbe T1 Witte AV2 Schnelle A3 Lesemann A3 Fabian S3 Tesky VA4 Pantel J4 Floumlel A

ldquoThe Study of Mental and Resistance Training (SMART) StudymdashResistance Training andor Cognitive Training in Mild Cognitive Impairment A Randomized Double-Blind Double-Sham Controlled Trialrdquo J Am Med Dir Assoc 2014 Dec15(12)873-80Maria A Fiatarone Singh (Resistance training significantly improved global cognitive function with maintenance of executive and global benefits over 18 months)

ldquoAssociation between intake of B vitamins and cognitive function in elderly Koreans with cognitive impairmentrdquo Nutr J 2014 Dec 1713(1)118Kim H Kim G Jang

W Kim SY Chang N1

ldquoCerefolin-NAC Therapy of Hyper-homocysteinemia Delays Cortical and White Matter Atrophy in Alzheimers Disease and Cerebrovascular Diseaserdquo J Alzheimerrsquos Dis 2016 Oct 454(3)1073-1084 Shankle WR1234 Hara J12 Barrentine LW5 Curole MV (CFLN was associated with significantly slowed hippocampal and cortical atrophy rates in ADRD patients with HHcy and forebrain parenchymal

atrophy rates in CVD patients with HHcy) ldquoSarcopenia as a Predictor of Future Cognitive Impairment in Older Adultsrdquo J Nutr Health Aging 201620(5)496-502 Moon JH1 Moon JH Kim KM Choi SH Lim S

Park KS Kim KW Jang HC ldquoNot only cardiovascular but also coordinative exercise increases hippocampal volume in older adultsrdquo Frontiers Aging Neurosci ldquo 2014 6 170 ldquoNeuroinflammation negatively affects adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognition can exercise compensaterdquo 2 Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2016 Feb61121-31 Ryan SM1 Nolan YM

ldquoA Periodic Diet that Mimics Fasting Promotes Multi- System Regeneration Enhanced Cognitive Performance and Healthspanrdquo 2015 Cell Metabolism 22 86ndash99 Brandhorst et al ldquo Postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors facilitate excitation of developing CA1 pyramidal neuronsrdquo J Neurophysiol 2016 Nov 1116(5)2043-2055 Chung BY1 Bignell W1

Thank You

ldquoExamining the potential clinical value of curcumin in the prevention and diagnosis of Alzheimerrsquos diseaserdquo Br J Nutr Volume 115 Issue 3 February 2016 pp

449-465 K G Goozee (a1) (a2) (a3) T M Shah (a2) (a4) H R Sohrabi (a2) (a4) S R Rainey-Smith

ldquoAntioxidant effect of astaxanthin on phospholipid peroxidation in human erythrocytesrdquo Br J Nutr 2011 Jun105(111563-71Nakagawa K1 Kiko T Miyazawa

T Carpentero Burdeos G Kimura F Satoh A Miyazawa T

ldquoThe role of citicoline in cognitive impairment pharmacological characteristics possible advantages and doubts for an old drug with new perspectivesrdquo Clin Interv Aging 2015 10 1421ndash1429 Pietro Gareri

1 Alberto Castagna

PA

GE

22

Thank You

ldquoThe Hallmarks of Agingrdquo Cell 2013 June 6 153(6) 1194ndash1217 Carlos Loacutepez-Otiacuten Maria A Blasco5 Prescription Stimulants Effects on Healthy Inhibitory Control Working Memory and Episodic Memory A Meta-analysis J Cogn Neurosci 1ndash21 Ilieva IP Hook CJ Farah MJ (January 2015)

ldquoThe Cognition-Enhancing Effects of Psychostimulants Involve Direct Action in the Prefrontal Cortex Biol Psychiatry 77 (11) 940ndash950 Spencer RC Devilbiss DM Berridge CW (June 2015) ldquoImprovements in Attention and Decision-Making Following Combined Behavioral Training and Brain Stimulationrdquo Cereb Cortex 2016 Jul 19 Filmer HL1 Varghese E1 Hawkins GE2 Mattingley JB3

ldquoBrain stimulation mathematical and numerical training Contribution of core and noncore skillsrdquo Prog Brain Res 2016227353-88Looi CY1 Cohen Kadosh R

ldquoUncovering the genetic underpinnings of cognitionrdquo Trends in Cognitive Sciences September 2011 Vol 15 No 9 Trevor W Robbins1 and Stavroula Kousta

ldquoCombined omega-3 fatty acids aerobic exercise and cognitive stimulation prevents decline in gray matter volume of the frontal parietal and cingulate cortex in

patients with mild cognitive impairmentrdquo Neuroimage 2016 May 1131226-38Koumlbe T1 Witte AV2 Schnelle A3 Lesemann A3 Fabian S3 Tesky VA4 Pantel J4 Floumlel A

ldquoThe Study of Mental and Resistance Training (SMART) StudymdashResistance Training andor Cognitive Training in Mild Cognitive Impairment A Randomized Double-Blind Double-Sham Controlled Trialrdquo J Am Med Dir Assoc 2014 Dec15(12)873-80Maria A Fiatarone Singh (Resistance training significantly improved global cognitive function with maintenance of executive and global benefits over 18 months)

ldquoAssociation between intake of B vitamins and cognitive function in elderly Koreans with cognitive impairmentrdquo Nutr J 2014 Dec 1713(1)118Kim H Kim G Jang

W Kim SY Chang N1

ldquoCerefolin-NAC Therapy of Hyper-homocysteinemia Delays Cortical and White Matter Atrophy in Alzheimers Disease and Cerebrovascular Diseaserdquo J Alzheimerrsquos Dis 2016 Oct 454(3)1073-1084 Shankle WR1234 Hara J12 Barrentine LW5 Curole MV (CFLN was associated with significantly slowed hippocampal and cortical atrophy rates in ADRD patients with HHcy and forebrain parenchymal

atrophy rates in CVD patients with HHcy) ldquoSarcopenia as a Predictor of Future Cognitive Impairment in Older Adultsrdquo J Nutr Health Aging 201620(5)496-502 Moon JH1 Moon JH Kim KM Choi SH Lim S

Park KS Kim KW Jang HC ldquoNot only cardiovascular but also coordinative exercise increases hippocampal volume in older adultsrdquo Frontiers Aging Neurosci ldquo 2014 6 170 ldquoNeuroinflammation negatively affects adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognition can exercise compensaterdquo 2 Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2016 Feb61121-31 Ryan SM1 Nolan YM

ldquoA Periodic Diet that Mimics Fasting Promotes Multi- System Regeneration Enhanced Cognitive Performance and Healthspanrdquo 2015 Cell Metabolism 22 86ndash99 Brandhorst et al ldquo Postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors facilitate excitation of developing CA1 pyramidal neuronsrdquo J Neurophysiol 2016 Nov 1116(5)2043-2055 Chung BY1 Bignell W1

Thank You

ldquoExamining the potential clinical value of curcumin in the prevention and diagnosis of Alzheimerrsquos diseaserdquo Br J Nutr Volume 115 Issue 3 February 2016 pp

449-465 K G Goozee (a1) (a2) (a3) T M Shah (a2) (a4) H R Sohrabi (a2) (a4) S R Rainey-Smith

ldquoAntioxidant effect of astaxanthin on phospholipid peroxidation in human erythrocytesrdquo Br J Nutr 2011 Jun105(111563-71Nakagawa K1 Kiko T Miyazawa

T Carpentero Burdeos G Kimura F Satoh A Miyazawa T

ldquoThe role of citicoline in cognitive impairment pharmacological characteristics possible advantages and doubts for an old drug with new perspectivesrdquo Clin Interv Aging 2015 10 1421ndash1429 Pietro Gareri

1 Alberto Castagna