Braced Barrel Vaults

8/18/2019 Braced Barrel Vaults

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BRACED BARREL VAULTS&

BRACED DOME


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•A barrel vault, also known as a tunnel vault or a wagon vault,

is an ar!itetural ele"ent #or"e$ b% t!e etrusion o# a single urve'or (air o# urves, in t!e ase o# a (ointe$ barrel vault) along a given $istan

• T!e urves are t%(iall% irular in s!a(e, len$ing a se"i+%lin$rial

a((earane to t!e total $esign*

•

T!e barrel vault is t!e si"(lest #or" o# a vault e-etivel% a series o# ar!es(lae$ si$e b% si$e, i*e*, one a#ter anot!er*

•.t is a #or" o# barrel roo#*

•Barrel vaults are known #ro" Anient Eg%(t, an$ were use$ etensivel%

in Ro"an ar!iteture*•Earl% barrel vault $esigns was an i"(ortant ele"ent o# stone onstrution i

tower !ouses an$ ot!er strutures* T!is #or" o# $esign is observe$ in

ellars, r%(ts, long !allwa%s, loisters an$ even great !alls*

BARREL VAULTS


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Brae$ barrel vaults•/ave a si"ilar s!a(e to rein#ore$ onrete s!ell

•But it is obtaine$ b% 0ar!ing0 a gri$ along one$iretion*• T!e result is** a %lin$rial #or" t!at "a% involve one,two or "ore la%ers o# ele"ents• T!e gri$ are atuall% an asse"bl% o# bars known as

lamellas• T!ese lamellas an be arrange$ to #ollow eatl% t!elines o# "ai"u" stresses•.n (ratie several t%(es o# braing are use$, ea! o#w!i! results in a $i-erent t%(e o# strutural be!avior*

T%(es o# barrel vaults1* 1) Single la%er2* 2) Double la%er4* 4) Co"(oun$ barrel vaults


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single la%er barrel vault t!at is obtaine$ b% ar!inga $iagonal 5at gri$* A barrel vault wit! a $iagonal(attern is o#ten re#erre$ to as a 0la"ella barrelvault0*

si"ilar to t!e one but t!is t%(e got t!ree+wa%(attern*

$ouble la%er barrel vault wit! bot! t!e to( an$botto" la%ers !aving a two+wa% (attern*

La"ella '$iagonal) barrel vaults

T!ree wa% barrel vaults

Two wa% on two wa% $ouble la%er barrelvaults


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barrel vault !as a to( la%er an$ a botto" la%erwit! interonneting web ele"ents* /owever, int!is ase t!e $is(osition o# t!e ele"ents resultsin a 0truss barrel vault0* T!at is, a barrel vaultt!at onsists o# interseting urve$ trusses

T!e sur#ae o# t!e la"ella barrel vault is a (arto# a !%(erboloi$ o# revolution*

T!e sur#ae o# t!e barrel vault is a (art o# anelli(soi$ o# revolution*

La"ella '$iagonal) truss barrel vaults

/%(erboloi$al la"ella barrel vaults

Elli(soi$al la"ella barrel vaults


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A o"(oun$ barrel vault onsists o# two or"ore barrel vaults t!at are onnete$toget!er along t!eir si$es*

Co"(oun$ t!ree+wa% barrel vaults


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T!e Lamella s%ste" is a urve$ gri$ s%ste" t!at utili6es a largenu"ber o# i$ential "e"bers alle$ la"ellas*

T!ere are two t%(es o# "aterial (ossible #or barrel vaults1) Ti"ber2) Steel an$ Alu"inu"

Ti"ber Brae$ Barrel Vaults

T!e gri$ is arrange$ in a $ia"on$ orr!o"bus (attern, an$ one "e"ber isontinuous t!roug! ea! 7oint* Ea!la"ella is twie t!e lengt! o# t!e si$e o#t!e $ia"on$* T!ese are 7oine$ b% a single

bolt*


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8igure s!ows ti"ber la"ellaonstrution w!ere t!e la"ellasare 7oine$ wit! bolte$onnetion* T!e en$s o# t!e two

o((osite la"ellas butt on to t!eontinuous la"ellas at t!e 7oint,being slig!tl% staggere$ to(er"it t!e 9ing bolt to (asst!roug! t!e entral !ole an$ (iku( t!e en$s o# t!e la"ellas*

Deking or (urlins are use$ totriangulate t!e $ia"on$ to "ake t!e

struture "ore stable in t!e (lane o#t!e sur#ae* A "o$i9e$ #or" 'alsos!own) !as a "ore o"(liate$ 7ointinvolving steel (lates but w!i!(reserves t!e visual ontinuit% o# t!eribs*


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STEEL A:D ALUM.:.UM BRACED BARREL VAULTS

•Brae$ barrel vaults are onstrute$ in "etals on t!e lines $esribe$#or ot!er gri$ s%ste"s*

• T!e "et!o$s #or overing are si"ilar as #or lattie (lates*

•Steel an$ alu"iniu" la"ella onstrution an also be use$;inor(orating ol$ #or"e$ or etru$e$ setions #or t!e la"ellas*


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ADVA:TAero ben$ing "o"ent sine t!e loation o# strutural o"(onents

reeive$ eit!er $iret tension or $iret o"(ression*

• Allows large buil$ing s(an, w!i! is s(aiousness

•An interesting ar!iteture #eatures an$ be able to at as sk%lig!t

• T!e struture is ver% stable* .t oul$ stan$+alone eit!er on groun$ or to

be (lae$ on (osts 'i# t!e s(ae nee$e$ is large)


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D.SADVA:TA


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The mid-1950s terminal was designed by the firm of Hellmuth, Yamasaki and

Leinweber. inoru Yamasaki !191"-19#$% was res&onsible for its design. 'hen(om&leted, his building was hailed as a mar)el. *t was, indeed, the first air&ort

building to make a formal statement about a)iation and aerodynami(s. +)er the

years, it has been added onto with mied results, but in s&ite of )arious im&ro)ements

and mistreatments, the original building and the essen(e of Yamasakis )ision for it

stand &roudly. +riginally (om&osed of three )aults, an identi(al fourth was added in

19$5.

LAMBERT 8.ELD 'LAMBERT A.R?ORT)


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C/E::A. RA.L@A STAT.O:


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•Typical example of a synclastic surface in which the

curvature of any point is of the same sign in all direction.

•The synclastic surfaces are also called surfaces of positiveGaussian curvature and are not developable, i.e. the domicsurfaces cannot be attened into a plane without stretchingor shrinking it.

•This property is one of the reasons why domes cannot bebuilt from members of the same length even geodesic domesre!uire members of di"erent lengths.

BRACED DOME

?R.:C.?LE T?ES

•Ribbe$ $o"es•S!we$ler $o"es•La"ella $o"es• T!ree+wa% $o"es

•


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• #onsist of a number ofidentical radial trussed orsolid ribs, interconnectedat the crown and usuallysti"ened by a tension ring

at the foundation.

• $or ribbed domes whichmaking up of timber canspan for over %&m and iscovered with wood woolslabs • 'maller, lighter ribbeddomes may be constructedwith laminated ribs

covered with plywood or

R.BBED DOMES


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• consists of meridional ribsconnected together to a

number of hori)ontalpolygonal rings.

• To sti"en the resultingstructure so that it will beable to take asymmetric

loads, each trape)iumformed by intersectingmeridional ribs withhori)ontal rings issubdivided into twotriangles by the introduction

of a diagonal member.

• 'chwedler*type steeldomes used to cover largecolumn* free areas. Thecircular shape leads to veryeconomic structure. +adial

SC/@EDLER DOMES


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• #onsists of a large number ofsimilar units, called lamellas,

arranged in a diamond or rhombuspattern.

• +oof covering or purlins used totriangulate the diamond completesthe stability re!uirement of the

surface of the dome.

• n timber lamella domes, the -ointsare simply made with bolts andplates

• xceptionally good behaviourunder excessive wind loadings , aswell as in /re and seismicdisturbances.

•producing typical diamond or

lo)enge shaped pattern as for bracedbarrel vaults

LAMELLA DOMES


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T/REE+@A DOMES

• $ormed by an inter*connecting grid of parabolic orcircular arches.

• 0s the rise of the arches isgenerally !uite small in

relation to the span, griddomes are shallow domes andare also sometimes referred toas 1'pace Grids2.

• The feet of the dome may be

either pinned or /xed.

• 3inned feet are generallypreferred as they simplify theanalysis considerably.


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T63' 7$ 80T+0L'

•Timber 9ome

•'teel 9ome

•0luminium 9ome

•0luminium 9ome :Triodetic 9ome

• Ti"ber an (ro$ue a ver% eientan$ low+ost overing*

•@oo$en $o"es are ver% (o(ular ins!ool onstrution*

• T!e ost (rove$ to be ver%o"(etitive*

•Ma% be onstrute$ using la"ellaonstrution or triangulate$ sti-ene$

(l% or #ra"e$ (anels si"ilar to t!oseuse$ #or ti"ber #ol$e$ slab

T8;+ 978


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• Tubular steel gri$ $o"es "a% beonstrute$ wit! no$e onnetors

into w!i! t!e tubes are inserte$an$ wel$e$, si"ilar to t!ose use$#or $ouble la%er gri$s but using si+wa% instea$ o# eig!t wa% onnetorsto #or" a t!ree wa% gri$*

'TL 978

0L


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+#>'T0G 978

+eichstag dome is a glass $o"e, onstrute$ on to( o# t!e rebuiltRei!stag buil$ing in Berlin* .t was $esigne$ b% ar!itet :or"an 8oster

an$ built to s%"boli6e t!e reuni9ation o#


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Braced Barrel Vaults

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