Boosting Recycling in Tennessee
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Transcript of Boosting Recycling in Tennessee
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Boosting Recycling in Tennessee
August 13, 14, & 15, 2012
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SERDC.org
SERDC Sponsor members
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SERDC.org
What is recycling?
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SERDC.org
How Does Recycling Work?a. Generator separation
i. We have tried the dirty MRF method, doesn’t work.b.Public collection
i. Here the material is at its lowest point in the value chain.ii.Today we will discuss how to keep these programs efficient
c. Initial processing, the MRFd.Marketing
i. Intermediate processorii.End user
e. End userf. Retailerg. Consumer/generator
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SERDC.org
Part of the manufacturing process
Step one in material management.1. In the mines we separate the ore from the overburden 2. In recycling we separate the material from the waste
Only those items that we truly need get recycledIf there is a market, someone is willing to pay. They wouldn’t
pay unless they had a real reason to do so. Meaning, they intend to sell it at a profit. This may be after improving it or working with it, but the point is that it has value because it has a/many use(s).
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SERDC.org
Recycling Provides the Manufacturer
Energy savingsTransportation savings
Competitive edge
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SERDC.org
Recycling Saves Energy
• Aluminum 95%• Paper 64%• Plastic 50%• Steel 75%• Glass 50%
What do we expect energy prices to do in the next twenty years?
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SERDC.org
Regional Collaboration = Increased Access to Markets
Summary of Region Wide Findings:• 206 manufacturers • 47,525 employees• $29.4 Billion sales revenue
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SERDC.org
Tennessee Manufacturing
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SERDC.org
Tennessee30 Manufacturing Facilities$4.3 Billion in yearly sales
6,500 Tennessee Jobs
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SERDC.org
Material Recovery FacilitiesMRFs
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SERDC.org
Recycling Provides the Community
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JobsPersonal incomeTax revenue
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SERDC.org
Jobs4TN
Current capture 1.9 million tons
Potential 5.7 million tons
Potential increase
6,384 jobs
$300,200,000Personal income
$13,680,000State Tax Revenue
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SERDC.org
How do we do it?
• Resources• Real Estate• Resolve
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SERDC.org
Possible Steps to Take• Declare commodity status • Disposal restrictions• Tip fee surcharges• Mandate waste metering (PAYT)• Hub and spoke infrastructure development• Required participation
• Select industries (ABC permits)• General
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SERDC.org
NC Plastic Bottle Recovery (tons)
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SERDC.org
NC Plastic Bottle Recycling Rate
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SERDC.org
States with Tip Fee Surcharges
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“Pay-as-you-throw (PAYT) programs, also called unit-based or variable rate pricing, provide a direct economic incentive for residents to reduce waste. Under PAYT, households are charged for waste collection based on the amount of waste they throw away, in the same way they are charged for electricity, gas, and other utilities.”
Pay-As-You-ThrowWhat Is PAYT?
According to the EPA,
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SERDC.org
Possible Steps to Take• Declare commodity status • Disposal restrictions• Tip fee surcharges• Mandate waste metering (PAYT)• Hub and spoke infrastructure development• Required participation
• Select industries (ABC permits)• General
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SERDC.org
Today’s agenda
a.Hear from Industryb.Have lunchc. Look as cost efficiencies and some effective Tenn
programs
d.Discuss next steps
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Afternoon Session
Design for Success
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SERDC.org
What is recycling?
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SERDC.org
Efficiency/Cost Effectiveness
• Participation• PAYT• Total cost accounting.• Avoided disposal cost.
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SERDC.org
Participation
• Key element in cost effectiveness• How much outreach is enough?• Voluntary vs mandatory• Incentives• EPA Toolkit• Earth 911
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SERDC.org
Outreach by Design
• Design the program– Multifaceted– Targeted audiences
• Measure results– Radio Frequency Identification, RFID tags– What sectors perform?
• Web Site– Keep it current
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SERDC.org
Strategies for Behavior Change• Mandatory Recycling• Disposal Ban• Disposal Surcharge• Grants • Bottle Bills• Recycling Goals• PAYT (Unit-Based Pricing)• Product Stewardship (e.g. Producer/Manufacturer
Takeback)• Advance Disposal Fees• Environmentally Preferable Purchasing Programs
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SERDC.org
Mandatory RecyclingEffectiveness: Good to Great
Cost: Varies with enforcement methods
Pros: Communicates a strong message
Cons: Requires an infrastructure and can be difficult to enforce.
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SERDC.org
Disposal Bans
Effectiveness: Good
Cost: Low to medium
Pros: Proven results
Cons: Difficult to enforce
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SERDC.org
Disposal SurchargeEffectiveness: Good
Cost: Low to implement
Pros: Provides funding for infrastructure development, negligible impact on households.
Cons: Opposition from waste industry
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SERDC.org
GrantsEffectiveness: Varies
Cost: Requires funding source, ie disposal surcharge
Pros: Can provide infrastructure development, also can target certain state wide initiatives
Cons: Requires indirect funding source
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SERDC.org
Bottle BillsEffectiveness: Good to Great
Cost: Low for local government
Pros: High recovery of included containers
Cons: Costs transferred to different groups, can result in reduced recycling of other materials, very difficult to implement
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SERDC.org
Recycling GoalsEffectiveness: Low
Cost: Low
Pros: States a clear mission
Cons: Generally ineffective
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SERDC.org
Advance Disposal FeesEffectiveness: Good
Cost: Low administration expense
Pros: Provides program funding
Cons: Limited materials effected
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SERDC.org
Preferred Purchasing PolicyEffectiveness: Fair
Cost: Low
Pros: Increases market demand for recycling materials, increases awareness for recycling participation
Cons: Little impact on diversion, markets have matured leaving lower need for development
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SERDC.org
Extended Producer ResponsibilityEffectiveness: Varies
Cost: Born by Manufacturers
Pros: Removes burden from local government
Cons: Free riders. Unlikely to happen on the state or local level
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SERDC.org
PATYEffectiveness: Good to very good, depends on unit of measurement
Cost: Low for select systems, high for subscription programs
Pros: Strong results, more material recycled, less waste to dispose, equitable and fair, easy to enforce
Cons: Resistance to change, theft of service, single stream contamination
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SERDC.org
PAYT
WasteZero, a company that provides support for PAYT programs has
recorded recycling increases from 40% to 400% after implementation.
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Pay-As-You-ThrowProgram Variations
Measuring via: Variable rate
carts
Overflow containers
Tag affixed to bag
Specialized bag
PAYT Options
Collection at curbside or convenience center by:Municipalities
Private waste haulers
Recycling companies
Across Different Systems
Employing: Differing pricing
methods
Differing approaches to measuring results
Various means of sharing benefits with residents
Pricing and Benefit-Sharing
Options
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SERDC.org
Feedback
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SERDC.org
Contact Information
Will SagarExecutive [email protected](828) 507-0123
Jenn CooperCommunications [email protected](864) 214-5955