BÜCHI Labortechnik AG Loadability...Competitor C, C18 15 µm 11 mg/mL Competitor B, C18 10 µm 7...

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20140710_Company_Presentation BUCHI For internal use only page 1 10.07.2014 Loadability BÜCHI Labortechnik AG

Transcript of BÜCHI Labortechnik AG Loadability...Competitor C, C18 15 µm 11 mg/mL Competitor B, C18 10 µm 7...

Page 1: BÜCHI Labortechnik AG Loadability...Competitor C, C18 15 µm 11 mg/mL Competitor B, C18 10 µm 7 mg/mL Competitor A, C18 15-20 µm 13 mg/mL 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28

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Loadability

BÜCHI Labortechnik AG

Page 2: BÜCHI Labortechnik AG Loadability...Competitor C, C18 15 µm 11 mg/mL Competitor B, C18 10 µm 7 mg/mL Competitor A, C18 15-20 µm 13 mg/mL 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28

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Load ability

� Loading Capacity

� Resolution

� Sample Solubility (injection)

� Conclusion

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Vancomycin Frontal Loading

ColumnLoading Capacity

Competitor D, C18 10 µm 31 mg/mL

Competitor C, C18 15µm 11 mg/mL

Competitor B, C18 10µm 7 mg/mL

Competitor A, C18 15-20µm 13 mg/mL0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 45

4321

Competitor CCompetitor B

Competitor A

BreakthroughPoint

Time (min.)

Abs

orba

nce

at 2

76 n

m

Competitor D

The capacity of each material is calculated from the following equation:

CCapacity = ([T (at 50%) – t0(uracil) ] x C vancomycin x F)

VColumnT (at 50%) = Frontal breakthrough time measured at 50% peak height minus 1 minute.

Cvancomycin = 1 mg/mL

VColumn = 0.173 mL

F (flow rate) = 0.2 mL/min

t0uracil determined from an injection of uracil with mobile phase A at 0.2mL/min.

Loading Capacity (active sites/sample affinity)

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Loading capacity (Surface Area)

Effect on chromatography

High surface area generally provides greater retention, capacity and resolution for separating complex, multi-component samples.

Low surface area packings generally equilibrate quickly, especially important in gradient analyses.

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0.0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 12.5 15.0 17.5 20.0 22.5 25.0 27.5 30.0

25 µg50 µg100 µg250 µg1000 µg

Time (min.)

Vydac ® 150HC C18 20µm

Sample Load (µg) Vydac® 150HC C18 20µm

Efficiency (plates)

25 2132

50 2149

100 1578

250 1118

1000 365

Loading Capacity (active sites saturation)

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2-fold increase in column inner diameter

4 to 5-fold increase in capacity

C4, 300Å, 4.6 x 250 mm, 5 µm24-95% ACN in 0.1% TFA over 30 min.

Loading capacity (Scaling Up)

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Loading capacity (Particle Sizes)

� Peak widths much narrower with small particle materials at low sample loads.

� However, little difference in peak widths at high loads.

� Allows usage of larger particle sizes resulting in lower cost.

C424-95% ACN in 0.1% TFA over 30 min. at 1.5 mL/min.

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ResolutionRelation between resolution and loadability

When ΔRf increases the sample loadabilityincreases

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Resolution (choices)

• Column packing material

• pH of eluens

• Temperature

• Selectivity triangle

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H-

Acceptor

DipoleH-

Donor

TolueneVII

VDichloro-methane

I Diethyl-ether

II

Ethanol

IVAceticacid

III Tetra-

hydrofuranVIII

ChloroformVI

Ethylacetate

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Injection(Analytical)

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Injection(Overload)

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Injection(Overload types)

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Injection(test)

In this part of the comparison 2 types of tests are performed :Loading capacity by volume of injectionLoading capacity by mass of sample

A standard Reveleris® system was used with the following conditions :Solvent : Gradient heptane / ethyl acetate 0 to 25 % in 15 CV.Flow : 36ml/min for all other cartridgesDetection : ELSD + UV1 (254nm) + UV2 (280nm)Sample: Phtalate test mix in Heptane

toluene (5g) dimethylphtalate (10g)diethylphtalate (15g)dibutylphtalate (20g)

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Loading capacity by injection volume

Mass of sample Injection Volume

1.4g 2ml

1.4g 4ml

1.4g 8ml

0

0,2

0,4

0,6

0,8

1

1,2

1,4

1,6

2 4 6

Res

olu

tio

n

volume Injection (ml)

Resolution as function from injection volume

Peak 2-3 Peak 3-4

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Loading capacity by injection volume (solvent strength)

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0

0,2

0,4

0,6

0,8

1

1,2

1,4

1,6

1,8

2

0,7 1,4 2,1 2,8

Res

olu

tio

n

Sample load (gram)

Resolution as function from sample mass

Peak 2-3 Peak 3-4

Loading capacity by sample mass

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Solutions to overcome injection limitation

o Direct injection on column.

o The injection valves are bypassed.

o Sandwich injection method

o Solid loading

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Sandwich Injection (precipitation)

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Solid loading

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Solid loading (example)

500mg mix of a mono saccharide and glycosylated peptides.Coated on 3 gram celite

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Conclusion

• Load abilities limitation are physical• Solubility• Affinity• Selectivity• Resolution• Precipitation

No controlable : It is impossible to overcome Physical limitation

controlable: There are a lot of parameters to play with-Solvents (pH, selectivity triangle)-packing material (selectivity, service area, particle, active sites etc.)-injection method