Body Systems, Tissues and Organs The Digestive System.

Body Systems, Body Systems, Tissues and OrgansTissues and OrgansThe Digestive SystemThe Digestive System

The Digestive SystemThe Digestive System1.1. Read the article, “The Real Deal On The Digestive System” very carefully.Read the article, “The Real Deal On The Digestive System” very carefully.2.2. Find the definition for the following terms (make sure you understand it!):Find the definition for the following terms (make sure you understand it!): SalivaSaliva BolusBolus EsophagusEsophagus EpiglottisEpiglottis3.3. Sketch a picture of your digestive system on blank paper. Sketch a picture of your digestive system on blank paper. Your sketch must fill a whole page.Your sketch must fill a whole page. It must be neatly coloured.It must be neatly coloured. Please make sure the following terms are labeled correctly: esophagus, Please make sure the following terms are labeled correctly: esophagus,

stomach, liver, gallbladder, large intestine, small intestine, appendix, rectum and stomach, liver, gallbladder, large intestine, small intestine, appendix, rectum and pancreas.pancreas.

Study this-it will be on your test.Study this-it will be on your test. Due next class-if you have it done, you will get to participate in an experiment.Due next class-if you have it done, you will get to participate in an experiment.

Brain Pop-Digestive Brain Pop-Digestive SystemSystem

Get out a piece of looseleaf and number Get out a piece of looseleaf and number from 1 to 10.from 1 to 10.

Watch Brain Pop video on the digestive Watch Brain Pop video on the digestive system.system.

Do Brain Pop quiz on the digestive Do Brain Pop quiz on the digestive system.system.

The Main Organs In The The Main Organs In The Digestive SystemDigestive System

What is an organ?What is an organ? An organ is a group of tissues that perform a An organ is a group of tissues that perform a

specific function. For example, your stomach specific function. For example, your stomach is an organ and it’s specific function is to churn is an organ and it’s specific function is to churn your food to help break it down.your food to help break it down.

The main organs in your digestive system are: The main organs in your digestive system are: esophagus, stomach, small and large intestine, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestine, liver, pancreas, rectum and gallbladder.liver, pancreas, rectum and gallbladder.

The EsophagusThe Esophagus Carefully sketch and label an esophagus Carefully sketch and label an esophagus

(should take up about half a page).(should take up about half a page). Here are some pictures to help you out.Here are some pictures to help you out.

Drawing of an esophagusDrawing of an esophagus

Another drawing of an Another drawing of an esophagusesophagus

Cool pictureCool picture

Actual photo of an Actual photo of an esophagusesophagus

Esophagus of a dogEsophagus of a dog

EsophagusEsophagus As earlier stated, sketch, colour and label an As earlier stated, sketch, colour and label an

esophagus.esophagus. Describe what happens to food from when it Describe what happens to food from when it

enters your mouth until it enters the top of your enters your mouth until it enters the top of your esophagus. (paragraph – 3 to 5 sentences)esophagus. (paragraph – 3 to 5 sentences)

Describe how food moves down your Describe how food moves down your esophagus. (paragraph)esophagus. (paragraph)

Explain what heart burn is. (paragraph)Explain what heart burn is. (paragraph) Why is the term “heartburn” misleading? Why is the term “heartburn” misleading?

(paragraph)(paragraph)

Organization Check PointOrganization Check PointThe following should be in your duotang in this exact The following should be in your duotang in this exact order:order:

1.1. 3 pages of information on the digestive system.3 pages of information on the digestive system.2.2. Sketch of your digestive systemSketch of your digestive system3.3. 4 definitions – saliva, bolus, esophagus and epiglottis4 definitions – saliva, bolus, esophagus and epiglottis4.4. Notes- “The Main Organs in the Digestive System”Notes- “The Main Organs in the Digestive System”5.5. Brain Pop Quiz on the digestive systemBrain Pop Quiz on the digestive system6.6. Sketch of an esophagusSketch of an esophagus7.7. 4 paragraph responses4 paragraph responses

Check out the photo gallery from National Check out the photo gallery from National Geographic. Geographic.

StomachStomach Sketch a drawing of a stomach (should be about the Sketch a drawing of a stomach (should be about the

size of your fist) and label it.size of your fist) and label it. What part of the body is the stomach attached to? What part of the body is the stomach attached to?

(sentence)(sentence) Describe what a stomach looks like. (paragraph)Describe what a stomach looks like. (paragraph) What are the three important jobs that the stomach What are the three important jobs that the stomach

performs? (sentence)performs? (sentence) How does a stomach churn up food? (paragraph)How does a stomach churn up food? (paragraph) What are gastric juices? (sentence)What are gastric juices? (sentence)

Small & Large IntestineSmall & Large Intestine Check out digestion on National Check out digestion on National

Geographic website.Geographic website.

Small Intestine & Large Small Intestine & Large IntestineIntestine

Draw, label and colour the large and small intestine. This Draw, label and colour the large and small intestine. This should take up a full page.should take up a full page.

1.1. Describe the small intestine.Describe the small intestine.2.2. What does the small intestine do?What does the small intestine do?3.3. What 3 organs help the small intestine break down food?What 3 organs help the small intestine break down food?4.4. What does the food in the small intestine look like after 4 hours?What does the food in the small intestine look like after 4 hours?5.5. Where do the nutrients go?Where do the nutrients go?6.6. Describe your large intestine.Describe your large intestine.7.7. What useless organ is attached to the large intestine?What useless organ is attached to the large intestine?8.8. What happens to food when it reaches the large intestine?What happens to food when it reaches the large intestine?9.9. Where does the food go when it leaves the large intestine?Where does the food go when it leaves the large intestine?

The Gallbladder, Liver The Gallbladder, Liver and Pancreasand Pancreas

Please write down the following notes:Please write down the following notes: The gallbladder is a small pouch that stores bile. It is The gallbladder is a small pouch that stores bile. It is

attached to the small intestine. Bile helps to process attached to the small intestine. Bile helps to process the fat in the food you eat.the fat in the food you eat.

The pancreas makes hormones such as insulin to help The pancreas makes hormones such as insulin to help regulate blood glucose (sugar) levels. It also makes regulate blood glucose (sugar) levels. It also makes enzymes to help break down food in your small enzymes to help break down food in your small intestine.intestine.

The liver is the body’s largest internal organ. The liver The liver is the body’s largest internal organ. The liver performs many tasks including storing energy and performs many tasks including storing energy and helping the body get rid of many toxins (poisons).helping the body get rid of many toxins (poisons).

Gallbladder PictureGallbladder Picture

Gallbladder StonesGallbladder Stones

Bet You Didn’t Know Bet You Didn’t Know This…This…

Gallstones are, oddly, a valuable by-product of meat Gallstones are, oddly, a valuable by-product of meat processing, fetching up to US$32 per gram in their use processing, fetching up to US$32 per gram in their use as a purported antipyretic and antidote in the herbal as a purported antipyretic and antidote in the herbal medicine of some cultures, particularly in China. The medicine of some cultures, particularly in China. The finest gallstones tend to be sourced from old dairy finest gallstones tend to be sourced from old dairy cows, which are called cows, which are called Niu-HuangNiu-Huang (yellow thing of (yellow thing of oxen) in Chinese. Those got from dogs, called oxen) in Chinese. Those got from dogs, called Gou-Gou-BaoBao (treasure of dogs) in Chinese, are also used today. (treasure of dogs) in Chinese, are also used today. Much as in the manner of diamond mines, Much as in the manner of diamond mines, slaughterhouses carefully scrutinize offal department slaughterhouses carefully scrutinize offal department workers for gallstone theft. workers for gallstone theft.

Bile From A GallbladderBile From A Gallbladder

Liver PictureLiver Picture

Pancreas PicturePancreas Picture

Want To See Want To See Pictures From A …Pictures From A …Rat Dissection?Rat Dissection?

HomeworkHomework1.1. Sketch, label and colour the gallbladder, Sketch, label and colour the gallbladder,

pancreas and liver. PLEASE DO EACH pancreas and liver. PLEASE DO EACH ORGAN ON A SEPARATE PIECE OF ORGAN ON A SEPARATE PIECE OF PAPER!!PAPER!!

2.2. What does bile do in the digestive process?What does bile do in the digestive process?3.3. Name 2 things your pancreas does to help Name 2 things your pancreas does to help

digest food.digest food.4.4. Name 2 things your liver does to help your Name 2 things your liver does to help your

body.body.

The ColonThe Colon The colon is another name for the large The colon is another name for the large

intestine. When chyme reaches this intestine. When chyme reaches this stage, mucus and bacteria is added and stage, mucus and bacteria is added and the waste becomes known as feces. The the waste becomes known as feces. The bacteria at this stage eat some of the bacteria at this stage eat some of the feces for their own nourishment. There is feces for their own nourishment. There is no digestion done in this stage.no digestion done in this stage.

The RectumThe Rectum The rectum is the final straight portion of the large intestine The rectum is the final straight portion of the large intestine

and ends with the anus. The average rectum is 12 cm long. and ends with the anus. The average rectum is 12 cm long. The rectum provides temporary storage for feces (poop). The rectum provides temporary storage for feces (poop).

As the rectal walls expand to fill up with feces, nerves As the rectal walls expand to fill up with feces, nerves stimulate the desire to defecate (poop). If you do not stimulate the desire to defecate (poop). If you do not defecate, the feces is often returned to the colon where defecate, the feces is often returned to the colon where more water is absorbed. If defecation is put off, more water is absorbed. If defecation is put off, constipation may occur.constipation may occur.

When the rectum becomes full, pressure forces the walls of When the rectum becomes full, pressure forces the walls of the anal canal apart allowing the feces to enter. The rectum the anal canal apart allowing the feces to enter. The rectum shortens as feces is forced into the canal and cramping shortens as feces is forced into the canal and cramping pushes the feces out of the rectum. The feces is pushed pushes the feces out of the rectum. The feces is pushed out by muscles pulling the anus up over the exiting feces. out by muscles pulling the anus up over the exiting feces.

The AnusThe Anus The anus is the external (outside) The anus is the external (outside)

opening of the rectum. When the rectum opening of the rectum. When the rectum is full, it cramps, and the anus relaxes, is full, it cramps, and the anus relaxes, allowing the feces to be pushed out.allowing the feces to be pushed out.

HomeworkHomework Draw, colour and label the colon and Draw, colour and label the colon and

the rectum. Each drawing must be on a the rectum. Each drawing must be on a separate piece of paper.separate piece of paper.

1.1. Describe the process of waste travelling Describe the process of waste travelling from the large intestine until it exits your from the large intestine until it exits your body.body.

Digestive System Digestive System ExperimentExperiment

We will act out the parts of a digestive system.We will act out the parts of a digestive system. Here are your tasks:Here are your tasks: Move the desks to the outer edges of the classroom (4 students)Move the desks to the outer edges of the classroom (4 students) Place 2 strips of masking tape about 1m apart and about 4m long. This Place 2 strips of masking tape about 1m apart and about 4m long. This

represents the digestive tract (3 students)represents the digestive tract (3 students) Next, you will be given a label that tells you what part of the system you Next, you will be given a label that tells you what part of the system you

will be (2 students)will be (2 students) Empty garbage can and place at the end of the digestive tract (1 student)Empty garbage can and place at the end of the digestive tract (1 student) Fill up spray bottles with clean water (3 students)Fill up spray bottles with clean water (3 students) Make the food particle:Make the food particle:

Do up candy in Ziploc bags (4 students)Do up candy in Ziploc bags (4 students) Wad up newspapers in lunch bags and place candy bags in them (4 students)Wad up newspapers in lunch bags and place candy bags in them (4 students) Place lunch bags in large paper bags stuffed with newspapers (4 students)Place lunch bags in large paper bags stuffed with newspapers (4 students) Place all bags in a large clear plastic bag (2 students)Place all bags in a large clear plastic bag (2 students)

After the experiment…After the experiment… Describe how food is digested in Describe how food is digested in

paragraph form.paragraph form. What part stuck out the most in your What part stuck out the most in your

mind?mind?

Celiac Disease-Part OneCeliac Disease-Part One Read the hand-out on Celiac Disease-Part One (CD).Read the hand-out on Celiac Disease-Part One (CD). Answer the following questions with full and complete Answer the following questions with full and complete

sentences:sentences:1.1. What is CD?What is CD?2.2. Why can’t you absorb nutrients in your small intestine Why can’t you absorb nutrients in your small intestine

if you have CD? Why would this affect your health?if you have CD? Why would this affect your health?3.3. What is gluten? Where is it found?What is gluten? Where is it found?4.4. How do you treat CD?How do you treat CD?5.5. What are some common symptoms of CD?What are some common symptoms of CD?6.6. Define the following 2 terms: chronic diarrhea and Define the following 2 terms: chronic diarrhea and

anemiaanemia7.7. What is dermatitis herpetiformis?What is dermatitis herpetiformis?

Celiac Disease-Part TwoCeliac Disease-Part Two Read the hand-out on CD Part TwoRead the hand-out on CD Part Two Answer the following questions with full and complete Answer the following questions with full and complete

sentences:sentences:1.1. What are the two ways that a doctor can diagnose whether a What are the two ways that a doctor can diagnose whether a

patient has CD or not?patient has CD or not?2.2. What is a biopsy?What is a biopsy?3.3. What is the only thing available to help you not feel sick if you What is the only thing available to help you not feel sick if you

have CD?have CD?4.4. What are some hidden sources of gluten?What are some hidden sources of gluten?5.5. What does autoimmune mean?What does autoimmune mean?6.6. What are two other conditions that may occur if you have CD?What are two other conditions that may occur if you have CD?7.7. What is osteoporosis?What is osteoporosis?

Celiac Disease-Part ThreeCeliac Disease-Part Three Read the hand-out on CD Part Three.Read the hand-out on CD Part Three. Answer the following questions with full and complete Answer the following questions with full and complete

sentences.sentences.1.1. What is lactose intolerance?What is lactose intolerance?2.2. What are the symptoms of lactose intolerance?What are the symptoms of lactose intolerance?3.3. What is the difference between primary and secondary lactase What is the difference between primary and secondary lactase

deficiency?deficiency?4.4. What are some tips for drinking milk?What are some tips for drinking milk?5.5. Why is yogurt usually well tolerated even though it is high in Why is yogurt usually well tolerated even though it is high in

lactose?lactose?6.6. Why are aged, natural cheeses usually well tolerated?Why are aged, natural cheeses usually well tolerated?7.7. Are processed cheese products well tolerated? Why?Are processed cheese products well tolerated? Why?

Please copy and answer Please copy and answer with full and complete with full and complete sentences.sentences.

:: Name Name Quiz on Celiac DiseaseQuiz on Celiac Disease1.1. What is Celiac Disease?What is Celiac Disease?2.2. What is gluten?What is gluten?3.3. How do you treat Celiac Disease?How do you treat Celiac Disease?4.4. What is anemia?What is anemia?5.5. What is dermatitis herpetiformis?What is dermatitis herpetiformis?6.6. What does “lactose intolerant” mean?What does “lactose intolerant” mean?

Body Systems, Tissues and Organs The Digestive System.

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