BMPs for the Wheat/Soybean Double-crop System Part 2 ... · PDF fileBMPs for the Wheat/Soybean...
Transcript of BMPs for the Wheat/Soybean Double-crop System Part 2 ... · PDF fileBMPs for the Wheat/Soybean...
BMPs for the Wheat/SoybeanDouble-crop System
Part 2: Relay Soybean
Tony J. VynPurdue University
Tony Vyn, Purdue University 2003
Wider Wheat Row Widths
15” wheat 7.5” wheat
Wheat seeding options:1. Drill or row-crop planter2. From 10” to 20” rows3. Skip-row in tractor/sprayer tire tracks
Tony Vyn, Purdue University 2003
Other Wheat Management Variables:
• Fertility similar to traditional double crop except more emphasis on avoiding lodging with excessive N fertilizer
• Herbicide restrictions for broadleaf weed control
• Variety selection
Tony Vyn, Purdue University 2003
Wheat Variety Choice for Relay Cropping?Considerations:
1. Architecture2. Maturity3. Yield4. Height
Tony Vyn, Purdue University 2003
0102030405060708090
100
2000Relay
2001Variety
7.5" row
15" row
15" rowplus relay
Wheat Yields in Wide RowsY
ield
s (b
u/a
c)
2001 Relay
Tony Vyn, Purdue University 2003
Wheat seeding rate in 15” rows
010203040
5060
7080
600,000 800,000 1,200,000
Yie
lds
(bu/
A)
Seeds per acre
Tony Vyn, Purdue University 2003
Relay Soybean Management
• Variety Selection (disease resistance, stress tolerance, maturity, internodelengths?)
• Seeding rate (intermediate between full season and double-crop)
• Seed treatment beneficial• Consistent seeding depth• Weed control
Tony Vyn, Purdue University 2003
Polymer Coated Soybeans for Relay Cropping?
Tony Vyn, Purdue University 2003
Relay Soybean EmergenceFigure 1. 1999 Northern Indiana Soybean Emergence.
0
50
100
150
200
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
Days After Planting
Popu
latio
n ('0
00 P
lant
s ac-1
)
A B C Uncoated
Figure 2. 2000 Northern Indiana Soybean Emergence
0
50
100
150
200
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
Days After Planting
Popu
latio
n ('0
00 P
lant
s ac-1
)
D E Uncoated
Tony Vyn, Purdue University 2003
Soybean Heights with Relay Cropping
Tony Vyn, Purdue University 2003
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Full SeasonSoybeansCoated
Uncoated
Soybean Heights at Wheat Harvest
Romney 2000 (May 11)
Wanatah2000 (May 8)
Hei
ght
(in
.)
Tony Vyn, Purdue University 2003
Wheat Harvest Management with Relay Soybeans
Issues:
1. Timing (earlier preferred)
2. Header height
3. Header width and wheel tracks
4. Straw Management
5. Volunteer wheat control
Tony Vyn, Purdue University 2003
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
WideCombine
PlotCombine
Full SeasonSoybeansBestCoatingUncoated
DoubleCrop
2000 Soybean Yields in Central Indiana
Yie
ld (
bu/a
c)
Tony Vyn, Purdue University 2003
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
WideCombine
PlotCombine
Full SeasonSoybeansBestCoatingUncoated
DoubleCrop
2001 Soybean Yields in Central Indiana
Soyb
ean
Yie
ld (
bu/a
c)
Tony Vyn, Purdue University 2003
Soybean Yields at SEPAC(Butlerville, IN)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
2000 2001
Full SeasonSoybeansRelaySoybeansDoublecrop
Tony Vyn, Purdue University 2003
Relay or Full Season or Double-crop ?
1. Location (relative to I-70)2. Equipment/Timing Issues3. Soil Moisture Availability4. Maturity5. Relative Yield
Conclusions:1. Relay soybean superior to double-crop north of Interstate 70
2. Wide row wheat is surprisingly successful
3. Minimize damage to wheat when relay planting, and to soybeanwhen harvesting wheat
4. Variety selection critical (in both wheat and soybean).
5. More profitable than wheat alone or soybean alone?
Tony Vyn, Purdue University 2003
Polymer Coatings for Relay Soybeans ?
• Emergence delays with coated seed results in shorter and sturdier soybean plants at wheat harvest.
• Biggest advantage may be for early planting into winter wheat.
• Cost relative to benefit?
Tony Vyn, Purdue University 2003
Acknowledgements:
• Landec Ag (Monticello and Oxford, IN)• Purdue Research Foundation• Graduate student (S. McCoy), technical
assistants and farm superintendents
Tony Vyn, Purdue University 2003
References
• Kline, A.M., S.M. McCoy, T.J. Vyn, T.D. West and E. P. Christmas. 2003. Management Practices for Relay Intercropping: I. Wheat. AY-315, Purdue University Cooperative Extension Service
• McCoy, S.M., T.J. Vyn, A.M. Kline, T.D. West and E. P. Christmas. 2003. Management Practices for Relay Intercropping: II. Soybean. AY-316, Purdue University Cooperative Extension Service