Blood dopping, defination, methods, detection, pros/cons.
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Transcript of Blood dopping, defination, methods, detection, pros/cons.
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Hiba Nasir
1248129
Endocrinology Presentation
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BLOOD DOPING
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Have you ever heard???
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Doping?
• Adding impurities to something.
• Blood Doping
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Blood Doping
• Increased red blood cells
• RBCs carry O2
• Higher RBC higher aerobic capacity
• Aerobic capacity (VO2 max)
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Increment in hemoglobin mass
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METHODS
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Blood Transfusion
• 1-4 units
• centrifuged
• plasma components reinfused
• (RBCs),
refrigerated at 4◦C
frozen at −80◦C
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Blood Transfusion
• Due to storage, 40% RBCs
non- viable.
• Stored RBCs are then
reinfused,
• iron supplements for
autologous donations.
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Blood Transfusion Types
Autologous transfusion
• Own blood
Homologous transfusion
• Someone else blood
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Blood Substitutes
• Synthetic oxygen carriers
human blood unavailable
blood infection
there isn't enough time to match of blood type
• Example
HBOCs
PFCs
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HBOCs
• Resistance to dissociate when dissolved in media
• greater benefits than hemoglobin
• highly effective O2 donors in terms of tissue oxygenation
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PFCs
• dissolve 100 times more oxygen than plasma.
• Small size = flow in tiny capillaries.
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EPO Injections
• Hormone, produced by kidney.
• Regulates production of RBCs by acting on bone marrow.
• EPO injections are given to stimulate the production of RBCs to treat patients with anemia.
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Athletes using EPO to produce higher than normal amounts of red blood
cells
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DETECTION
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Detection for Homologous Blood Doping
• Fluorescent-activated cell sorting
• Examining markers on the surface of rbcs
• Determine whether blood from more than one person is present
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Detection for Autologous Blood doping
• CO rebreathing technique
• To measure the nonphysiologicincreases in hb mass
• O2-CO gas mixture inhalation for about 10-15mins
• By measuring the difference in carboxyhemoglobin concentration (hbco) before and after rebreathing total hb mass can be calculated.
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Pros Of Blood Doping
• Affects the brain of the athlete,
• Athlete’s exercise endurance level
• Improve the health of athletes
• Benefits the athlete's long exercise
• No oxygen depletion and lactic acid formation.
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Cons of blood doping
• Increased viscosity of the blood
• Risk of heart diseases
• Cerebral or pulmonary embolisms
• Weakened immune system, increases the risk of autoimmune diseases.
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• Blood clots
• Deterioration of the Mind
• Negative mental effects
• EPO addicting drug
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THANK YOU Any questions?