Birth of a Volcano. What Causes Volcanoes? Effects of Plate Tectonics Forces from Within the Earth.
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Transcript of Birth of a Volcano. What Causes Volcanoes? Effects of Plate Tectonics Forces from Within the Earth.
Birth of a Volcano
What Causes Volcanoes?
• Effects of Plate Tectonics
• Forces from Within the Earth
Plate Tectonics
Plate Tectonics, theory that the outer shell of the earth is made up of thin, rigid plates that move relative to each other.
Tectonic plates are made of either oceanic or continental crust and the very top part of the mantle, a layer of rock inside the earth.
Tectonic Plates
As the plates move, weak areas in the crust are created allowing molten rock, or magma, to well up to the earth’s surface.
Forces from Within the Earth
Anatomy of a Volcano
Where Volcanoes Occur
Changes Caused by Volcanoes
• Physical Changes to the Earth
• Environmental Changes
Physical Changes
• New Land• Islands in the Ocean• Mountains and Plains
Environmental Changes
• Initial impact• destroys living
environment
Long-term effectsslow recovery
new ecosystem
Important Terms
• Plate Tectonics
• Tectonic Plates
• Continental Crust
• Ocean Crust
• Lithosphere
• Mantle
• “Ring of Fire”
Volcano Quiz
• 1. What are tectonic plates?
• 2. Where do most volcanoes occur?
• 3. What is magma?
• 4. What is a “hot spot”?
• 5. Name one physical change and one environmental caused by volcanoes.
References• http://pubs.usgs.gov/publications/text/dynamic.html
• This dynamic earth; example and sources
• http://encarta.msn.com/find/Concise.asp?ti=00C48000
• Encarta – brief descriptions of tectonics, plates and related
• http://library.thinkquest.org/17457/english.html
• Volcanoes web page
• http://www.thinkquest.org/library/lib/site_sum_outside.html?tname=17457&url=17457/
• Thinkquest activities, volcanoes