BiomoleculesForm = Function Review inquiry activity from previous

class.

BIOMOLECULESMACROMOLECULESmade by polymerization-large

compounds built by joining smaller ones together.

Smaller units (subunits) are called monomers.

4 major molecules important to life. Carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic

acids and proteins.

BIO BUILDING BLOCKS

CARBOHYDRATES 1:2:1 RATIO

1 Carbon: 2 Hydrogen: 1 Oxygen Example: the sugar glucose - C6H12O6

Monomer – Monosaccharide Polymer - Polysaccharide Main source of energy for living things Also has structural purpose for living things.

1. Plant cells have cell walls made of cellulose

2. Animal cells store excess sugars as glycogen

CARBOHYDRATES

CARBOHYDRATES

CARBOHYDRATES

CarbohydratePolymer

Monomer(subunit)

LIPIDS Made of Carbon and Hydrogen NOT soluble in water (hydrophobic)

doesn’t mix with water Used to store energy, as chemical

messengers (hormones, steroids) Part of the cell membrane (phospholipids). Saturated-Solid at room temperature.

No double bonds Unsaturated-liquid at room temperature.

Double bonds between Carbons.

LIPIDS

LIPIDS - triglyceride

Phospholipids – cell membrane component

Phospholipids: fatty acids bound to glycerol, a phosphate group replaces one fatty acid.

Phosphate group is hydrophilic—”water loving head”

“Water fearing tails” are fatty acid chains—hydrophobic

LipidCell walls

PROTEINS

Composed of Nitrogen, Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen.

Monomers are called amino acidsControl rate of reactionsFunction in transport and formation of

bone and muscle cells.Folded shape is important in enzyme

recognition process.

ProteinsMonomers

Polymers

PROTEINS –amino acids

NUCLEIC ACIDSComposed of Hydrogen, Oxygen,

Nitrogen, Carbon and Phosphorus.Subunits (monomers) are called

nucleotides. Store and transmit hereditary

information.Ex. DNA , RNA

NUCLEIC ACIDS - nucleotides

Nucleic Acids

Monomer

Polymer

NUCLEIC ACIDS

RNA—ribose DNA—deoxyribose

Video Review over Biomolecules

http://youtu.be/PYH63o10iTE

http://youtu.be/n9eWhSbjSFI

Dehydration Synthesishttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZMTeqZLXBSo

Difference in using energy fast or slow:

Fast Chemical Reaction:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V9dhtre_HgUSlow Chemical Reaction:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l-mK3RUtZGs