Biology 218 – Human Anatomy - RIDDELL 105 S...11. What is the unifying principle of the biological...

Biology 105 – Human Biology

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of 123 BIO 105 S 2015 Practice Final Exam Q Abbreviated 150523

Sections

1. General Anatomy

2. Histology

3. Anatomical Lexicon

4. Cardiovascular

5. Digestive

6. Endocrine

7. Integumentary

8. Lymphatic / Immune

9. Muscular

10. Nervous

11. Reproductive

12. Development

13. Respiratory

14. Skeletal

15. Urinary


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General Anatomy

Chapter 1 Exploring Life and Science

1. The scientific study of life is called:

A. biology B. ecology C. anatomy D. biochemistry E. limnology

2. A complex individual that consists of organ systems is known as a/an A. community. B. population. C. organism. D. tissue. E. species. 3. All of the ecosystems on the planet together are called the A. atmosphere. B. hydrosphere. C. biosphere. D. lithosphere. E. stratosphere. 4. In a swamp, all of the alligators would represent a/an A. organism. B. population. C. community. D. ecosystem. E. biosphere. 5. All of the changes that occur from the time an egg is fertilized through childhood, adolescence and

adulthood are called A. metabolism. B. evolution. C. homeostasis. D. reproduction. E. development. 6. Which of the following is not a basic characteristic of all living things? A. Living things are organized. B. Living things acquire materials and energy. C. Living things contain a nucleus and organelles. D. Living things reproduce. E. Living things grow and develop.


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7. The process of change that produces the diversity of life on Earth is called A. evolution. B. homeostasis. C. levels of organization. D. biological classification. E. molecular diversification. 8. Traditions, beliefs, and values are considered what aspect of human life? A. communicative B. cultural C. instructional D. biological E. chemical 9. Which organisms are most closely related to humans? A. spiders B. earthworms C. parakeets D. meerkats E. snakes 10. A species has been discovered that is able to live in boiling hot springs. This organism most likely

belongs to the domain A. Archaea. B. Bacteria. C. Eukarya. 11. What is the unifying principle of the biological sciences? A. Technology B. Anatomy C. Biochemistry D. Taxonomy E. Evolution 12. Which of the following is not a basic theory of biology? A. Theory of ecosystems B. Cell theory C. Gene theory D. Theory of evolution E. Theory of gravity


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Chapter 2 Chemistry of Life

13. The smallest unit of an element that still retains the chemical and physical properties of that element

is called A. an isotope. B. a nucleus. C. an atom. D. a molecular bond. E. a neutrino. 14. In an atom, the number of protons always equals the number A. of electrons. B. of neutrons. C. of neutron and protons. D. of quarks. E. of neutrinos. How many elements occur naturally? A. 112 B. 92 C. 64 D. 32 E. 6 15. An element cannot be broken down by chemical means. A. True B. False 16. A combination of two or more atoms of the same type is called A. an atomic unit. B. a molecule. C. a compound. D. an isotope. E. an ion. 17. Hydrogen bonds A. result from the loss of neutrons by an atom. B. result in the formation of salts. C. involve the loss and gain of electrons. D. involve the sharing of electrons. E. are relatively weak and can be broken rather easily.


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18. The reason water is polar is because A. in polar molecules atoms share electrons evenly. B. the oxygen atom is larger than the hydrogen atom. C. hydrophilic molecules interact with water. D. hydrophobic molecules do not interact with water. E. there is a transfer of electrons from the hydrogen to the oxygen. 19. Sugars with three to seven carbon atoms are called A. monosaccharides. B. disaccharides. C. trisaccharides. D. polysaccharides. E. steroids. 20. A fatty acid that contains only single bonds between the carbon atoms is considered A. saturated. B. unsaturated. C. trans unsaturated. 21. Fats are usually of animal origin while oils are usually of plant origin. A. True B. False 22. The sex hormones belong to which category of lipids? A. steroids B. fats C. oils D. triglycerides E. phospholipids 23. The membranes of cells are composed of A. phospholipids. B. fats. C. oils. D. steroids. E. triglycerides. 24. The monomer unit of a protein is A. fatty acids. B. amino acids. C. monosaccharides. D. polysaccharides. E. nucleic acids.


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Which of the following is not a function of proteins? A. quick energy B. support C. transport D. enzymes E. motion

Chapter 3 Cell Structure and Function

25. ________ are the fundamental units that make up all living things. A. Compartments B. Cells C. Chromosomes D. Coelom E. Cristae 26. The size of a metabolizing cell is limited by its A. extracellular matrix. B. function. C. nuclear size. D. surface area-to-volume ratio. E. genome size. 27. The reason that metabolizing cells are small in size is because A. cells influence nearby cells to divide. B. the surface area of a cell must be able to accomplish nutrient/waste exchange. C. cells need to dissipate heat effectively. D. mitosis occurs before cells reach a certain size. E. cells need to communicate with adjacent cells. 28. What is the name of the semifluid medium inside the cell? A. nucleolus B. cytoplasm C. organelle D. cytoskeleton E. mitochondrion 29. The diffusion of water across a semi-permeable membrane is called A. denaturation. B. osmosis. C. dispersion. D. dissociation. E. reconstitution.


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30. If a cell lacked ribosomes, it would not be able to A. form a spindle apparatus. B. synthesize proteins. C. respire oxidatively. D. break down fats. E. produce ATP.

Chapter 4 Organization and Regulation of Body Systems

31. Specialized cells that work together to perform a common function are called A. membranes. B. organs. C. tissues. D. glands. E. organisms. 32. Which of the following is not considered a basic tissue type? A. epithelial B. connective C. muscle D. nervous E. fat 33. Which type of tissue covers body surfaces and lines body cavities? A. epithelial tissue B. connective tissue C. muscular tissue D. nervous tissue E. vascular tissue 34. What protein provides flexibility and strength to connective tissues? A. actin B. collagen C. keratin D. fibrinogen E. myosin 35. What are the two forms of fibrous connective tissue? A. bone and blood B. fibroblasts and matrix C. hyaline cartilage and elastic cartilage D. adipose and cartilage E. loose fibrous and dense fibrous


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36. There is no matrix in blood because it is a liquid. A. True B. False 37. The two components of blood are A. red blood cells and plasma. B. platelets and plasma. C. white blood cells and red blood cells. D. formed elements and plasma. E. formed elements and platelets. . C. intercalated discs. D. the branching of the cells. E. tendons connecting the muscle to bone. 38. What type of tissue receives sensory input, integrates data, and conducts impulses? A. Epithelial tissue B. Connective tissue C. Muscular tissue D. Nervous tissue E. Vascular tissue

Chapter 11 Skeletal System

39. Which function of the skeleton do the rib cage, vertebral column, and skull represent? A. support the body B. protect soft body parts C. produce blood cells D. store minerals and fats E. permit flexible body movement 40. Which function of the skeletal system requires that the leg bones be the strongest in the body? A. They support the entire body. B. They protect soft body parts. C. They produce blood cells. D. They store minerals and fat. E. They permit flexible body movement. 41. Where, besides adipose tissue, is fat stored? A. matrix of bone B. yellow bone marrow C. red bone marrow D. periosteum E. articular cartilage 42. In bone the cells are called _________________ and in cartilage they are called ________________.


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A. osteocytes, osteoblasts B. lacunae, osteocytes C. chondrocytes, lacunae D. osteoblasts, chondrocytes E. osteocytes, chondrocytes 43. What criterion is used to categorize the skeleton into axial and appendicular? A. whether the bones are weight bearing or not B. whether the bones lie on the midline or on a girdle C. whether the bones are flat or long D. whether the bones contain red bone marrow or yellow bone marrow E. whether the bones articulate with the pelvis or not 44. Which of the following is not part of the axial skeleton? A. clavicle B. hyoid C. temporal D. rib E. vertebrae 45. Jill broke her cheekbone in an ice skating accident. Which bone did she break? A. temporal bone B. mandible C. maxilla D. zygomatic bone E. frontal bone 46. How many vertebrae are there? A. 5 B. 10 C. 18 D. 24 E. 33 47. The thoracic vertebrae are named that because the ribs attach there. A. True B. False 48. The name of the "tailbone" is the A. lumbar. B. sacrum. C. coccyx. D. sphinoid. E. axis. 49. All 12 pairs of ribs connect directly to the thoracic vertebrae in the back and the sternum in the front. A. True B. False


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50. Which of the following bones is not part of the pectoral girdle and attached limbs? A. clavicle B. sternum C. scapula D. ulna E. humerus 51. How many bones are present in the pelvic girdle? A. one B. two C. three D. four E. five 52. Which of the following is not part of the coxal bone? A. patella B. ilium C. ischium D. pubis 53. The head of the radius is located at the A. elbow. B. wrist. C. shoulder. 54. When you hit your "funny bone", what are you hitting? A. olecranon process B. deltoid tuberosity C. acromion process D. head of ulna E. glenoid cavity 55. Which bone is the longest and strongest bone in the body? A. humerus B. pelvis C. tibia D. fibula E. femur 56. There are phalanges in both the lower limb and upper limb. A. True B. False 57. A ligament connects A. cartilage to bone. B. muscle to bone.


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C. bone to bone. 58. When you kick your foot out in front of you, what type of movement are you using? A. adduction and abduction B. flexion and extension C. rotation D. eversion E. inversion Match the Term with its indicated structure

TERM TERM

59. Ribosomes

60. Golgi

61. Plasma membrane

62. Endoplasmic reticulum

63. DNA


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Use this TABLE of Choices to FILL IN the Tissue Classification on the following 2 Pages. USE Alphabetical formatting for each group and subgroup

CODE MAIN SUBTYPE SHAPE FORM

A

B

C

D

E

AB

AC

AD

AE

BC

BD

BE

CD

CE

DE

ABC

ABD

ABE

ACD

ACE

ADE

Connective

Epithelial

Muscular

nervous

Adipose

Areolar

Blood

Bone

Cardiac

Cartilage

Cells

Fibrous / Fibro

Fluid

Hyaline

Lymph

Neuroglia

Neuron

Plasma

Pseudostratified

Simple

Skeletal

Smooth

Stratified

Supportive

Transitional

Columnar

Cuboidal

Squamous

Compact

Dense

Elastic

Irregular

Loose

Regular

Reticular

Spongy


Tissue / Cell Types

Main Sub Type Sub Type Sub Type

CLASS MAIN DIVISION FEATURES

64. ____ Fibrous 65. __ 66. __

Irregular

Regular

Loose Adipose

67. __

Reticular

Fluid Blood Formed Elements / Cells

68. __

Lymph

69. __ Bone Compact

70. __

Cartilage Elastic

Fibro

Hyaline


Tissue / Cell Types

Main Sub Type Sub Type

Epithelial Columnar Simple

71. ______

Cuboidal Simple

Stratified

Squamous 72. ____

73. ____

74. ____ Cardiac

75. _____

Smooth

76. ____ 77. _____

Neurons

15 of 123 BIO 105 S 2015 Practice Final Exam Q Abbreviated 150523BIO 105 S 2013 Practice Fina527}

*Arabic 123 BIO 105 S 2015 Practice Final Exam Q Abbreviated 150523BIO 105 S 2013 Practice Fina527}

Using this Table of Choices, identify the indicated bones on the following Illustrations

NUMBER BONE NUNBER BONE

78. __

79. __

80. __

81. __

82. __

Carpals

Coccyx

Costals

Clavicle

Coxal

Digits

Ethmoid

Femur

Fibula

Frontal

Humerus

Hyoid

Incus

Ilium

ischium

83. __

84. __

85. __

86. __

87. __

88. __

89. __

90. __

91. __

92. __

93. __

94. __

95. __

Mandible

Maxillae

Metacarpals

Metatarsals

Parietal

Patella

Radius

Sacrum

Scapula

Sternum

Tarsals

Temporal

Tibia

Ulna

Vertebrae

Zygomatic



Illustration

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Ch 5 and 6 Cardiovascular System

1. Which of the following is not classified as a type of blood vessel?

A) capillaries

B) arteries

C) vein

D) lymph nodes

2. The _____ are considered small arteries just visible to the naked eye.

A) venules

B) arterioles

C) veins

D) capillaries

3. _______ are considered small veins that drain blood from the capillaries

A) Arterioles

B) Venules

C) Veins

D) Lymphatic vessels

4. In veins of the lower extremities, ______ serve to help circulating blood defy gravity and travel upward to the heart.

A) arterioles

B) venules

C) valves

D) synapses

5. The left ventricle sends oxygenated blood into the ______ to be distributed throughout the body.

A) vena cava

B) pulmonary artery

C) aorta

D) pulmonary vein

Classify the following terms. Mark all that apply

Erythrocytes

A

Leukocytes

B

Lymphocytes

C

Formed Elements

D

Cell Fragments

E

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6. Red Blood Cell

7. Platelet

__

__

__

__

__ __

__ __

__ __

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Identify each term with its appropriate structure in the illustration

Illustration TERM

8. Descending Aorta

9. Pumonary vein

10. Superior vena cava

11. Hepatic Portal vein

12. Renal Artery

13. Hepatic vein

14. Pulmonary Artery

15. Carotid Artery

16. Inverior vena cava

17. Gastric Artery

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TERM Illustration

18. Tricuspid Valve

19. Bicuspid Valve

20. Pulmonary Valve

21. Aortic Valve

22. Pulmonary Arteries

23. L Pulmonary Veins

24. Aortic Arch

25. Right Ventricle

26. Left Atrium

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Ch 7 Lymphoid System and Immunity

27. The lymphoid system is composed of

A) lymphatic vessels.

B) lymph nodes.

C) the spleen.

D) A and B only

E) all of the above

28. A foreign invader that may cause disease is called a(n)

A) pathogen.

B) antigen.

C) antibody.

D) virus.

E) bacteria.

29. The primary function of the lymphoid system is

A) circulation of nutrients.

B) transport of hormones.

C) production, maintenance, and distribution of lymphocytes.

D) production, maintenance, and distribution of plasma proteins.

E) all of the above

30. Flow through lymph vessels resembles flow through

A) elastic arteries.

B) arterioles.

C) the vena cava.

D) veins.

E) muscular arteries.

31. Lymph nodes

A) produce antibodies from specialized T cells.

B) monitor the contents of lymph by removing debris and pathogens.

C) act as a "check station" for cancer cells.

D) B and C only

E) all of the above

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32. In general, lymphocytes

A) spend little time in the blood.

B) have a relatively long life span.

C) are not evenly distributed in the lymphoid tissues.

D) B and C only

E) all of the above

33. The spleen

A) is the largest lymphoid organ.

B) contains nodules similar to other lymphoid nodules.

C) contains lymphocytes.

D) is located in the left upper quadrant.

E) all of the above

34. The first line of cellular defense against pathogens is

A) T cells.

B) B cells.

C) NK cells.

D) phagocytes.

E) plasma cells.

35. The cells primarily responsible for immunity are

A) lymphocytes and macrophages.

B) neutrophils and macrophages.

C) monocytes and macrophages.

D) eosinophils and lymphocytes.

E) basophils and monocytes.

36. Which of the following is a specific body defense?

A) hair

B) epithelium

C) secretions

D) immunity

E) basement membranes

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37. Humoral immunity, antibody formation, is the responsibility of the

A) cytotoxic T cells.

B) helper T cells.

C) suppressor T cells.

D) B cells.

E) plasma cells.

38. With advancing age, the immune system

A) becomes more effective at combating disease.

B) remains the same and is not affected by the aging process.

C) has alternating periods of efficacy.

D) becomes less effective at combating disease.

E) becomes more responsive to antigens.

Ch 9 Respiratory System


Structure Illustration

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39. Bronchus

40. Larynx

41. Mouth

42. Nasal Cavity

43. Pharynx

44. Functions of the respiratory system include

A) protecting respiratory surfaces from dehydration, temperature changes, or other environmental variations.

B) defending the respiratory system and other tissues from pathogenic invasion.

C) providing an extensive area for gas exchange between air and circulating blood.

D) A and C only

E) all of the above

45. Air entering the body is filtered, warmed, and humidified by the

A) upper respiratory tract.

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B) lower respiratory tract.

C) lungs.

D) alveoli.

E) all of the above

46. Microorganisms removed from incoming air by the sticky mucus of the respiratory tract are most likely destroyed by

A) toxins in the mucus.

B) the cilia.

C) gastric juice.

D) a lack of nutrients.

E) all of the above

47. The common passageway shared by the respiratory and digestive systems is the

A) larynx.

B) glottis.

C) vestibule.

D) pharynx.

E) trachea.

48. The pitch of a vocal sound is controlled by changing the

A) force of air.

B) tension in the vocal cords.

C) size of the laryngeal cartilage.

D) shape of the laryngeal cartilage.

E) nasal cavity.

Place the following structures in order from the perspective of a CO2 molecule arriving in the lungs from the systemic circulation

Structure Order CODE Structure

Pulmonary Capillary

49. __

50. __

51. __

52. __

53. __

54. __

55. __

A

B

C

D

E

AC

AD

AE

alveolar ducts

alveoli

bronchioles

nasal cavity

pharynx

larynx

primary bronchi

secondary bronchi

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56. __

57. __

Outside / External Environment

BC

BD

terminal bronchioles

trachea

58. Pulmonary ventilation refers to

A) the movement of air into and out of the lungs.

B) the movement of dissolved gases from the alveoli to the blood.

C) the movement of dissolved gases from the blood to the interstitial space.

D) the movement of dissolved gases from the interstitial space to the cells.

E) the utilization of oxygen.

59. The process by which dissolved gases are exchanged between the blood and lungs is

A) pulmonary ventilation.

B) external respiration.

C) internal respiration.

D) cellular respiration.

E) breathing.

60. Internal respiration involves the

A) movement of air into and out of the lungs.

B) diffusion of gases between the cells and the circulating blood.

C) exchange of dissolved gases between the blood and the interstitial fluid.

D) binding of oxygen by hemoglobin.

E) utilization of oxygen by tissues to support metabolism.

Ch 8 Digestive System

61. Which of the following is an accessory organ of digestion?

A) stomach

B) liver

C) spleen

D) colon

E) esophagus

62. Ingestion refers to the

A) progressive dehydration of indigestible residue.

B) input of food into the digestive tract.

C) chemical breakdown of food.

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D) absorption of nutrients in the gut.

E) mixing of nutrients with digestive enzymes.

63. The beginning and end of the digestive tract is lined by

A) pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium.

B) cuboidal epithelium.

C) stratified squamous epithelium.

D) simple epithelium.

E) simple columnar epithelium.

64. Chewing is called

A) segmentation.

B) pendulum movements.

C) peristalsis.

D) churning movements.

E) mastication.

65. Functions of the tongue include

A) mechanical processing of food.

B) manipulation of food.

C) sensory analysis of food.

D) A and B only

E) all of the above

66. The first place mechanical digestion takes place is the

A) oral cavity.

B) esophagus.

C) stomach.

D) pancreas.

E) small intestine.

67. The first portion of the stomach that food enters is the

A) body.

B) antrum.

C) pylorus.

D) cardia.

E) fundus.

68. Absorptive effectiveness of the small intestine is enhanced by

A) plicae.

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B) villi.

C) microvilli.

D) intestinal movements.

E) all of the above

69. The portion of the small intestine that is attached to the pylorus of the stomach is the

A) ileum.

B) colon.

C) cecum.

D) jejunum.

E) duodenum.

70. The portion of the small intestine that performs most absorption is the

A) ileum.

B) duodenum.

C) jejunum.

D) pylorus.

E) cecum.

71. The longest portion of the small intestine is the

A) cecum.

B) appendix.

C) ileum.

D) jejunum.

E) duodenum.

72. The liver functions to

A) form glucose from non-carbohydrates.

B) store vitamins.

C) destroy damaged RBC.

D) produce bile.

E) all of the above

73. Bile is produced in the

A) liver.

B) duodenum.

C) pancreas.

D) gall bladder.

E) appendix.

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74. Which of the following is a major action of the large intestine?

A) secrete enzymes

B) reabsorb water

C) regulate the release of bile

D) secrete digestive enzymes

E) produce hormones

75. Major regions of the large intestine include the

A) cecum, colon, and duodenum.

B) duodenum, ileum, and jejunum.

C) cecum, colon, and duodenum.

D) ascending colon, descending colon, and ileum.

E) cecum, colon, and rectum.

Ch 8 Nutrition and Metabolism

76. The sum of all of the biochemical processes going on within the human body at any given instant is called

A) glycolysis.

B) oxidation.

C) catabolism.

D) anabolism.

E) metabolism.

77. The cells that are most dependent upon a continual supply of glucose are those of the

A) muscular system.

B) nervous system.

C) respiratory system.

D) digestive system.

E) integumentary system.

78. Muscles store metabolic reserves as

A) carbohydrates.

B) glycogen.

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C) amino acids.

D) triglycerides.

E) fatty acids.

79. During lipolysis,

A) triglycerides are converted into molecules of acetyl CoA.

B) triglycerides are broken down into glycerol and fatty acids.

C) lipids are converted into glucose molecules.

D) lipids are formed from excess carbohydrates.

E) lipids are metabolized to yield ATP.

d Terms

80. The food source most clearly linked to heart disease is

A) simple sugars.

B) complex carbohydrates.

C) lipids.

D) proteins.

E) nucleic acids.

81. Diets containing too many calories and too many lipids by proportion increase the incidence of

A) obesity.

B) heart disease and atherosclerosis.

C) diabetes.

D) hypertension.

E) all of the above

82. Which of the following is a complete protein source?

A) eggs

B) corn

C) gelatin

D) rice

E) none of the above

83. A calorie unit used in food is equal to the amount of energy necessary to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water ________ degree(s) Celsius.

A) 1

B) 2

C) 10

D) 100

E) 1,000

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84. The nutrients that yield ZERO energy per gram are

A) carbohydrates.

B) proteins.

C) fats.

D) nucleic acids.

E) vitamins.

85. Major food source of Vitamin C is derived from`

A) dairy

B) meats

C) fruits and vegetables

D) desserts

E) breads

86. Which food group is the best source of calcium?

A) breads

B) meats

C) dairy

D) fruits

E) vegetables

87. Factors that influence an individual's BMR (basal metabolic rate) include

A) sex.

B) age.

C) body weight.

D) genetics.

E) all of the above

88. In order to get enough energy out of food to survive, humans must have a constant supply of

A) oxygen.

B) water.

C) carbon dioxide.

D) iron.

E) vitamins

Ch 10 Urinary System

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89. Which of the following is not a structure found in the urinary system?

A) ureters

B) kidney

C) pancreas

D) urethra

90. The removal of metabolic wastes from the body is called __________

A) secretion

B) defecation

C) excretion

D) maintenance

91. Besides the excretion of metabolic wastes, which of these describes a vital function of the kidneys?

A) The kidneys maintain the water-salt balance of the body.

B) The kidneys regulate the blood's pH.

C) The kidneys assist the hormone system.

D) All of these are correct.

92. Individuals who need a kidney transplant usually must undergo an artificial treatment called ______ until a suitable kidney can be found.

A) hemodialysis

B) hemolysis

C) selective reabsorption

D) active transport

93. The _______ conduct urine from the kidneys to the bladder.

A) loop of Henle

B) Bowmans capsule

C) urethra

D) ureters

94. The kidneys will secrete the hormone to stimulate red blood cell production, which in synthetic form was made famous by Lance Armstrong and the USPS Bicycling Team _____________.

A) renin

B) aldosterone

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C) erythropoietin

D) atrial natriuretic hormone

95. The __________ extend(s) from the urinary bladder to an external opening. It is longer in males than in females.

A) ureter

B) prostate gland

C) urethra

D) glomerulus

96. Another term for urination is _____.

A) erythropoietin

B) micturation

C) defication

D) urethritis

97. Blood pressure in the glomerular capillaries is:

A) lower than in other capillary beds

B) higher than in other capillary beds

C) responsible for maintaining filtration

D) higher than in other capillary beds and is responsible for maintaining filtration

98. In diabetes mellitus, excess __________ occurs in the blood.

A) protein

B) fat

C) glucose

D) amino acid

99. _______________ are chemicals that increase the flow of urine.

A) Emetics

B) Diuretics

C) Nephritics

D) Antibiotics

100. To maintain homeostasis, the kidney excretes and reabsorbs the following ions as needed: __________.

A) bicarbonate

B) potassium

C) calcium

D) sodium

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E) All of these are correct.

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Ch 13 Nervous System

101. Which of the following statements is not true concerning the central nervous system?

A. The central nervous system is made up of the spinal cord and the brain.

B. The brain and spinal cord contain only white matter--myelinated axons that run together in bundles.

C. Both the brain and spinal cord are protected by bone.

D. Both the brain and spinal cord are protected by meninges.

E. The spaces around the brain and spinal cord are filled with fluid.

102. Which of the following types of nerves is not covered by a protective myelin sheath?

A. long axons

B. gray matter of the CNS

C. white matter of the CNS

D. nerve fibers within the PNS

103. Masses of myelinated nerve fibers appear

A) gray.

B) white.

C) yellow.

D) brown.

E) transparent.

104. Major centers concerned with autonomic control of breathing, blood pressure, heart rate, and digestive activities are located in the

A) medulla oblongata.

B) pons.

C) midbrain.

D) diencephalons.

E) cerebellum.

105. A neural cortex is found on the surface of the

A) cerebrum.

B) midbrain.

C) cerebellum.

D) pons.

E) both A and C

106. The region of the brain that is involved in conscious thought and intellectual function as well as processing somatic sensory and motor information is the

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A) medulla.

B) pons.

C) midbrain.

D) cerebellum.

E) cerebrum.

107. Which of the following is a function of the cerebellum?

A) temperature regulation

B) thirst sensation

C) hunger sensation

D) postural reflexes

E) hormone production

108. The highest levels of information processing occur in the

A) cerebrum.

B) midbrain.

C) cerebellum.

D) medulla.

E) spinal cord.

109. Nerves exit the vertebral canal through

A) vertebral foramen.

B) intervertebral foramina.

C) sacral foramina.

D) intervertebral discs.

E) both B and C

110. The only cranial nerve that is attached to the cerebrum is the

A) optic.

B) oculomotor.

C) trochlear.

D) olfactory.

E) vestibulocochlear.

111. Reflexes help to control

A) heart rate.

B) blood pressure.

C) digestion.

D) pupil size.

E) all of the above

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B. Pulling away from a painful stimulus is an example of the ________ reflex.

A) cross-extensor

B) pupillary

C) withdrawal

D) knee-jerk

E) ankle-jerk

112. Ascending tracts

A) carry sensory information to the brain.

B) carry motor information to the brain.

C) carry sensory information from the brain.

D) carry motor information from the brain.

E) none of the above

113. The autonomic division of the nervous system directs

A) voluntary motor activity.

B) conscious control of skeletal muscles.

C) unconscious control of skeletal muscles.

D) processes that maintain homeostasis.

E) all of the above

114. The division of the autonomic nervous system that prepares the body for activity and stress is the

A) sympathetic division.

B) parasympathetic division.

C) craniosacral division.

D) arachnoid division.

E) somatic motor division.

115. The division of the autonomic nervous system that maintains homeostasis during stressful conditions is the

A) sympathetic division.

B) parasympathetic division.

C) thoracolumbar division.

D) arachnoid division.

E) somatic motor division.

116. Effects produced by the parasympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system include

A) dilation of the pupils.

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B) increased secretion by digestive glands.

C) dilation of respiratory passages.

D) increased heart rate.

E) all of the above

Match the term in the first column with its description in the second column

TERM Definition / Association

117. _____ astrocytes

118. _____ exteroceptor

119. _____ neuroglia

120. _____ soma

A. neuron cell body

B. neurotransmitter

C. provide(s) information about the external environment

D. provide(s) a supporting framework

E. largest and most numerous type of glial cells

For the following micrograph, Spinal Cord Anatomy, assuming an inferior view, fill in the identification for the structures (indicator lines) and perspectives. Use Column of CHOICES below.

Structure Code Choices

121. ___Name this Perspective / Side

122. _____Name structure

123. _____ Name this Perspective / Side

124. Name structure

A

B

C

D

E

AB

AC

AD

AE

BC

BD

BE

CD

CE

Anterior

Central Canal

Gray Horn

Inferior

Inter - neuron

Meninges

Motor Neuron

Patient Left

Patient Right

Posterior

Sensory Neuron

Superior

White Matter

None of the Above

Photograph Cross section Spinal Cord

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Neuron Anatomy

For the following illustration, Neuron Anatomy, fill in the identification and processes for the structures (indicator lines) and regions (boundary lines) for the symbols that are indicated.

Structure Code Term

125. Name this structure #

126. Name this structure &&

127. Name this structure @@

A

B

C

D

E

AB

AC

AD

Axon

Axon Hillock

Dendrite

Myelin Sheath

Nuronal Gap

Nucleus

Soma

Axon terminals

Neuron

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Autonomic Nervous System

SYSTEM A SYSTEM B

Fill in the following classification Table. Match System A or B with the respective functions.

Place a check mark in the appropriate column A or B. Mark AB if both and C if not applicable to either system.

Function SYSTEM A SYSTEM B

128. Cranial Sacral nerves

129. Operates continuously to mange homeostasis

130. Operates in acute response to change situations

131. Parasympathetic

132. Sympathetic

133. Thoraco-Spinal nerves

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Ch 14 General and Special Senses

134. The term general senses refers to sensations of

A) hot and cold.

B) pain.

C) touch and vibration.

D) both B and C

E) all of the above

135. The special senses are

A) olfaction.

B) vision.

C) gustation.

D) equilibrium.

E) all of the above

136. Nociceptors are sensitive to

A) pain.

B) light touch.

C) pressure.

D) osmotic pressure.

E) blood pressure.

137. Olfactory receptors are examples of

A) pain receptors.

B) thermoreceptors.

C) mechanoreceptors.

D) chemoreceptors.

E) proprioceptors.

138. Sensory receptors that monitor the position of joints are called

A) nociceptors.

B) chemoreceptors.

C) baroreceptors.

D) proprioceptors.

E) thermoreceptors.

139. The pigmented portion of the eye is the

A) conjunctiva.

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B) cornea.

C) iris.

D) pupil.

E) canthus.

140. The space between the iris and the cornea is the

A) anterior chamber.

B) posterior chamber.

C) pupil.

D) aqueous humor.

E) vitreous body.

141. A blind spot in the retina occurs where

A) the fovea is located.

B) ganglion cells synapse with bipolar cells.

C) the optic nerve attaches to the retina.

D) rod cells are clustered to form the macula.

E) amacrine cells are located.

142. The hearing receptors are located in the

A) ampulla.

B) organ of Corti.

C) utricle.

D) saccule.

E) semicircular canals.

143. The ossicles connect the

A) tympanic membrane to the oval window.

B) tympanic membrane to the round window.

C) oval window to the round window.

D) cochlea to the tympanic membrane.

E) cochlea to the oval window.

144. Sound waves are converted into mechanical movements by the

A) auditory ossicles.

B) cochlea.

C) oval window.

D) round window.

E) tympanic membrane.

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Match the chamber in the first column with its structure in the second column.

Term Constituents

145. external ear ,

146. middle ear

147. internal ear

A. cochlea, vestibule, semicircular canals

B. auricle, auditory meatus

C. auditory ossicles

EYE Anatomy Match the Anatomical term with its corresponding indicator on the following diagram

Term Term

148. anterior chamber

149. cornea

150. iris

C. lens

D. optic nerve

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Ear Anatomy Match the Anatomical term with its corresponding indicator on the following diagram

Term Term

151. Auditory Canal

152. Auditory tube

E. Semicircular canals

F. Tympanic Membrane

Illustration o Human Ear

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Match the Special Sense to its functional stimulus. Place a check mark in the appropriate column

for each sense.

SENSE

A

Photo

B

Mechanical

C

General Somatic

D

Chemical

153. Taste

154. Sight

155. Touch

156. Smell

157. Equilibrium

158. Hearing

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Ch 15 Endocrine System

159. The nervous system

A) produces rapid and specific responses to environmental stimuli.

B) communicates by the release of neurotransmitters.

C) continues to produce a response long after neural output ceases.

D) A and B only

E) all of the above

160. The endocrine system

A) releases chemicals into the bloodstream for distribution throughout the body.

B) releases hormones that alter the metabolic activities of many different tissues and organs simultaneously.

C) produces effects that can last for hours, days, and even longer.

D) A and C only

E) all of the above

161. Generally, the actions of hormones

A) tend to be more widespread than actions of the nervous system.

B) are longer lasting than actions of the nervous system.

C) are slower to react than the nervous system.

D) cause changes in the machinery of the cells.

E) all of the above

162. The hormone oxytocin

A) promotes uterine contractions.

B) is responsible for milk production in the mammary glands.

C) regulates blood pressure.

D) governs the ovarian cycle.

E) both A and B

163. Triiodothyronine is a hormone secreted by the

A) thyroid gland.

B) pancreas.

C) parathyroid glands.

D) hypothalamus.

E) all of the above

164. Which of the following has both endocrine and exocrine functions?

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A) pancreas

B) anterior pituitary

C) thyroid

D) liver

E) hypothalamus

165. The pancreatic hormone that causes blood sugar levels to lower is

A) growth hormone.

B) cortisol.

C) insulin.

D) glucagon.

E) erythropoietin.

166. The hormone that dominates during the alarm phase of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS) is

A) testosterone.

B) aldosterone.

C) cortisol.

D) thyroid hormone.

E) epinephrine.

167. Alcoholic beverages cause excessive urine production by blocking the action of

A) aldosterone.

B) FSH.

C) ADH.

D) cortisol.

E) TSH.

Match the HORMONE with the respective GLAND to which they are most closely associated.

# Hormone CODE Endocrine Organ

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168.

169.

170.

171.

172.

173.

174.

175.

176.

Antidiuretic Hormone

Estrogen

Glucagon

Insulin

Melatonin

Oxytocin

Parathyroid Hormone

Testosterone

Thyroid Hormone

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

AB.

AC.

AD.

AE.

BC.

BD.

Adrenal Gland

Anterior Pituitary

Hypothalamus

Ovary

Pancreas

Parathyroid Gland

Pineal Gland

Posterior Pituitary

Teste

Thymus

Thyroid Gland

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Endocrine System Organs

From the following Illustration, identify / match the ID symbol with its appropriate TERM.

Question Code Term

177. Identify W

178. Identify #

179. Identify $

180. Identify &

181. Identify %

182. Identify ?

183. Identify Y

A

B

C

D

E

AB

AC

AD

AE

BC

Hypothalamus

Ovary

Pancreas

Parathyroids

Pineal

Pituitary

Suprarenal

Testis

Thymus

Thyroid

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Endocrine System Organs Illustration

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Per The illustration of Body Cavities, Match the region or cavity marked by symbol with its correct anatomical name. COLUMN I

Illustration of Body Cavities Q # Identification

184.

185. _

186. _

187. _

188. _

A. Body cavity @

B. Body cavity / view *

C. Body cavity #

Body cavity &

D. Body cavity %

2013 Practice Fina527}


Match the COMPONENTS and FUNCTIONS with the respective SYSTEM to which they are most closely associated. COLUMN VI

COMPONENTS / DESCRIPTION CODE

189. fallopian tubes and seminal vesicles

190. ureters

191. bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli

192. ligaments, articulations

193. nails, sudiferous glands and hair

194. arteries and veins

195. brain stem and spinal nerves

196. esophagus, liver, pancreas, and anus

197. tendons, and myofibrils

198. testes, thyroid, pancreas, ovary, adrenals

199. spleen and thoracic duct

A

B

C

D

E

AB

AC

AD

AE

BC

BD

Cardiovascular

Digestive

Endocrine

Integumentary

Lymphatic / Immune

Muscular

Nervous

Reproductive

Respiratory

Skeletal

Urinary

200. absorption

201. gametogenesis

202. filtration and micturition

203. external ventilation AE

204. Allergic and immune response

205. Waste, gas and nutrient transport

206. information integration, acute homeostasis

207. voluntary movement

208. toxin, infection, environmental protection, waterproofing

209. posture

210. chemical homeostasis

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Match the level of structural organization that best fits the definition…See COLUMN XI for Choices

DESCRIPTION / DEFINITION

Groups of like cells and the surrounding materials that work together to perform a particular function

A group of tissues that structurally and functionally perform a determined task

Structural and functional group of related organs with a common function within an organism

Match the common name or common region with its anatomical term…See COLUMN XII for Choices

DESCRIPTION / DEFINITION

Shoulder

Groin

Elbow

Foot

Chin

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Anatomy terminology / Lexicon Match the Term with its derivation in the Greek or Latin.

TERM Greek / Latin Derivation

Root, Prefix and / or Suffix

CODE

Beneath, below

Brain

Ear

Eye

Outside

Self

Upon

Toward the center

In between

To the side

Auto

Baro

Brachi

Brevis

Cerebro

Coel

Contra

Crani

Dys

Endo

Ecto

Epi

Glosso

Homo

Hypo

Infra

Inter

Intra

Ipsi

Iso

Lateral

Lemni

Limbic

Mamil

Medial

Morpho

Optic

Oto

Retro

A

B

C

D

E

AB

AC

AD

AE

BC

BD

BE

CD

CE

DE

ABC

ABD

ABE

ACD

ACE

ADE

BCD

BCE

BDE

CDE

ABCD

ABCE

ABDE

ACDE

Reproductive System

FINAL EXAM


Testosterone is needed _____________. A) to stimulate growth of male reproductive organs. B) to promote functioning of male reproductive organs. C) for development of male secondary sexual characteristics D) All of these are correct Male gametes are the _____ and the female gametes are the _____. A) testes; ovaries B) sperm; egg C) testosterone; estrogens D) scrotum; uterus The site of fertilization within the female body is the _________. A) oviducts B) ovary C) cervix D) uterus

FINAL EXAM


Match the indicated tem with its designation on the following illustration urethra epididymis prostate

FINAL EXAM


Match the indicated tem with its designation on the following illustration fallopian tube uterus cervix

FINAL EXAM


Development

The fertilized egg is initially called the ______. A) oocyte B) ovum C) zygote D) embryo The _____ is where fetal blood exchanges molecules with maternal blood. A) uterus B) vagina C) placenta D) umbilical cord When does the embryo take on human characteristics? A) 4 to 6 weeks B) 6 to 8 weeks C) 8 to 10 weeks D) 10 to 12 weeks

DNA / RNA / Protein Synthesis

Complementary base pairing in DNA is always: A) A to T and C to G. B) A to C and T to G. C) A to G and C to T D) A to U and C to G. Making a copy of DNA is called: A) reduction. B) replication. C) transcription. D) translation. Messenger RNA carries genetic information from chromosomes to the ______. A) ribosomes B) endoplasmic reticulum C) nucleolus D) plasmids _______ is the synthesis of an RNA molecule from a DNA template. A) Transcription B) Translation C) Duplication D) Cloning ________is converting the sequence of bases on mRNA to a sequence of amino acids. A) Transcription B) Replication C) Translation D) Processing.

Lymphatic / Immune System

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Structure A

Primary B

Secondary

Tonsil

Lymph Nodes

Red bone marrow

Spleen

Thymus

Cell Division And Inheritance

All life, that we know of, comes from __________:

A) spontaneous generation. B) marine life. C) tree life D) strange environments E) pre-existing life

Humans inherit _______ pairs of chromosomes.

A) 10 B) 12 C) 23 D) 46

Mitosis is involved in _______.

A) growth and repair B) oogenesis C) spermatogenesis D) both B and C

The type of cell division that results in the formation of gametes is __________.

A) mitosis B) meiosis C) nondisjunction D) somatic division

In humans, the haploid number of chromosomes found in the egg and sperm is _________.

A) 23 pair. B) 23. C) 46. D) 46 pair.

Alternate forms of a gene having the same position on a pair of chromosomes and affecting the same trait are called______.

A) chromatids B) alleles

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C) DNA segments D) centrioles

A Brown eyed male mates with a Brown eyed Female and subsequently have a brown eyed daughter and a blue eyed son. Therefore they each must be

homozygous for blue eyes homozygous for brown eyes heterozygous

Cell Chemistry

The formation of ______ bonds involves the transfer of electrons from one atom to another nearby

atom. A) covalent B) ionic C) hydrogen D) all of the above

The smalles subunits of proteins are the ______ .

A) amines B) peptides C) polypeptides D) amino acids

The plasma membrane is ______ .

A) impermeable B) totally permeable C) selectively permeable (semipermeable) D) None of these answers are correct.

FINAL EXAM


Skeletal System

The most rigid connective tissue is called ____.

A) cartilage B) bone C) dense connective tissue D) adipose tissue

In compact bone, bone cells are located in lacunae that are arranged in concentric circles within tiny

cylinders called _____. A) osteocytes B) canals C) osteons D) matrix

Which connective tissue has a fluid matrix located in blood vessels?

A) bone B) blood C) cartilage D) bone, blood, and cartilage C) secretion of the organic matrix of bone

The skeleton _______.

A) permits flexible movement B) supports and protects the body C) produces blood cells and stores inorganic salts D) All of these are correct.

The axial skeleton consists of ________.

A) the skull B) the vertebral column C) the hyoid bone and rib cage D) all of the above

The vertebral column has the following sections, superior to inferior….

A) one, two, three, four B) lateral, vertical, dorsal, ventral C) cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccyxl D) cervical, ventral, dorsal, lateral, caudal

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Fill in the following table: indicate the term for the respective genders. COLUMN II

Identification Q# Identification Q#

Name this bone Name this bone _






HUMAN SKULL

87

88

89

90

91

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HUMAN SKELETON

93

92

94

95

96

97

98

97

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Muscular System

Fill In the term for the following definitions of muscular -skeletal movement. Choose from Column XIII

TERM Definition

Extension Increases the angle between articulating structures in a hinge joint and in the sagittal plane

Adduction Movement of a bone or structure toward the midline

Abduction Movement of a bone or appendage away from the midline

Circumduction Circles in the air with your arms

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Respiratory System

Trace the flow of air into and through the anatomically correct order of structures. Mark the letter of the choice in the following flow chart.

Anatomical Order of Exhalation of CO2 Anatomical Choices

____ _____ ________ __________ ____________

A. bronchi

B. larynx

C. nasopharynx

D. bronchiole

E. trachea

What human organ system is responsible for exchanging gases with the outside environment?

A) respiratory system B) endocrine system C) excretory system D) external ventilation

Oxygen-rich blood is carried through pulmonary arteries from the lungs to the heart.

A) True

B) False

Oxygen-poor blood is carried through systemic veins from the body tissues back to the heart.

A) True

B) False

The __________ houses the vocal cords.

A) larynx

B) bronchus

C) pharynx

D) esophagus

The trachea divides into two __________ that lead to the lung . A) glotti

B) tracheae

C) bronchi

D) bronchioles

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Each bronchiole terminates in an elongated space enclosed by a multitude of air pockets called_.

A) the glottis

B) alveoli

C) the larynx

D) the pharynx

Each alveolar sac is surrounded by __________ carrying blood.

A) arteries

B) veins

C) venules

D) capillaries

During __________, the respiratory pigment hemoglobin combines with oxygen to form oxyhemoglobin in the pulmonary capillaries.

A) internal respiration

B) external respiration

C) anaerobic respiration

D) ventilation

FINAL EXAM


Match the Structure indicated by a symbol with its correct Name COLUMN VIII

# Illustration

_

_

_

_

__

Name this structure ?

Name this structure #

Name this structure $

Name this structure(s) %

Name this structure(s) @

Muscular System

Skeletal muscle fibers are ______ .

A) smooth B) striated C) spindle-shaped D) fragmented

Where is smooth muscle found?

A) intestines B) stomach C) blood vessels D) intestines, stomach, and blood vessels

A distinguishing characteristic of cardiac muscle cells is the presence of ____________.

A) actin filaments B) intercalated disks C) neuroglia D) neurons

FINAL EXAM


Which of the following is(are) types of muscle? A) cardiac B) skeletal C) smooth D) All of these are correct. The type of muscle tissue that is controlled voluntarily is called _____________ A) smooth muscle B) cardiac muscle C) skeletal muscle D) All of these are under conscious control The lower arm extends when the _________. A) triceps brachii contracts B) biceps brachii contracts C) brachialis contracts D) deltoid contracts Skeletal muscles are usually named on the basis of _____ . A) shape, size, or action B) direction of fibers C) number of attachments D) all of the above A muscle fiber contains 2 principal contractile proteins _____ that run the length of a muscle fiber. A) actin filaments B) myosin filaments C) sarcolemma D) myofibrils E) A and B AB) None of the above

Cardiovascular

The _____ system transports nutrients and oxygen to cells and removes their waste.

A) digestive B) cardiovascular C) excretory D) respiratory

The circulatory system has ______ types of blood vessels.

A) one B) two C) three D) four

_____ are small arteries just visible to the naked eye.

A) Venules B) Capillaries C) Veins D) Arterioles

FINAL EXAM


The venae cavae carry low-oxygen blood to the ______ of the heart.

A) right ventricle B) right atrium C) left ventricle D) left atrium

The largest artery in the systemic circuit is the ______ .

A) anterior vena cava B) pulmonary vein C) aorta D) femoral artery

The ______ arteries serve the heart muscle.

A) femoral B) hepatic C) iliac D) coronary

The two components of the cardiovascular system are __________.

A) the heart and the aorta B) the heart and all the arteries C) the heart and the blood vessels D) the blood vessels and the lymphatic system

The liquid portion of blood is called ____.

A) lymph B) plasma C) a cellular matrix D) blood cells

The iron-containing red colored molecule found in red blood cells is _____.

A) erythropoietin B) lymphocyte C) hemoglobin D) hemolysis

White blood cells ______.

A) have a nucleus B) lack hemoglobin C) fight infection D) all of the above

B lymphocytes are associated with ________.

A) antibody production B) macrophage production

Diagram of the Circulatory System

FINAL EXAM


Identify the following structures Choose you answers from COLUMN VII

Name this vessel Name this vessel


144

143 146

145

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Illustration of Human Heart

FINAL EXAM


Per The illustration of Human Heart above, match the structure marked by symbol with its correct anatomical name. COLUMN VII

_

_

_

_

_

Name this structure #

Name this structure %

Name this structure ##

Name this structure $$

Name this structure &&

Endocrine System



E. Adrenocorticotropic Hormone

Aldosterone

F. Antidiuretic Hormone

G. Calcitonin

H. Estrogen

I. Oxytocin

J. Testosterone

K. Thyroid Hormone

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

AB.

AC.

AD.

AE.

BC.

BD.

Adrenal Gland

Anterior Pituitary

Hypothalamus

Ovary

Pancreas

Parathyroid Gland

Pineal Gland

Posterior Pituitary

Teste

Thymus

Thyroid Gland

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Digestion Nutrition

Trace the flow of food through the anatomically correct order of structures. Mark the letter of the choice in the following flow chart. COLUMN IX

Anatomical Flow of Food

LIPS

MOUTH

_____

ESOPHAGUS

CARDIA

________

PYLORIS

DUODENUM

__________

__________

CEACUM

ASC COLON

__________

DESC COLON

_____________

ANUS

Urinary System

The _____ system removes nitrogenous waste is.

A) digestive B) cardiovascular C) excretory D) respiratory E) urinary

Filtration...

A) occurs when the filtrate passes from the peritubular capillaries back to the nephron tubules.

B) occurs when blood fluids leave the afferent arteriole and enter the Bowman’s capsule.

C) occurs when blood fluids leave the glomerulus and enter the Bowman’s capsule.

D) occurs when the filtrate passes from the nephron tubules back to the efferent arteriole.

E) occurs when the filtrate passes from the nephron tubules back to the peritubular capillaries.

FINAL EXAM


The removal of metabolic wastes from the body is called __________ A) secretion

B) defecation

C) excretion

D) maintenance

Besides the excretion of metabolic wastes, which of these describes a vital function of the kidneys?





The __________ extend(s) from the urinary bladder to an external opening.

A) ureter

B) renal arteries

C) urethra

D) glomerulus

Brain And Spinal Column

The brain and spinal cord contain conducting cells called ______ .

A) dendrites B) neurons C) neuroglia D) axons

Fill In the Missing information for the Following Table COLUMN III

Function Structure

regulates posture, balance and interprets intended movement with actual movement, fine motor control

relays sensory and motor input from spinal cord to brain, right side to left side and vice versa crossover of many spinal nerves, regulates consciousness, heart rate, coughing breathing and sneezing

sensory, motor and associative areas responsible for thought, motion and emotion

FINAL EXAM


Nervous System Neurons

Which of the following is a neurotransmitter that triggers muscle contraction? A) myosin B) tropomyosin C) troponin D) acetylcholine

The cells that transmit nerve impulses between parts of the nervous system are called ________.

A) neuroglia

B) neurons

C) motor cells

D) nervous tissue

The _______ is the portion of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses.

A) dendrite

B) axon

C) myelin sheath

D) sensory receptor

This protective covering on the axon is formed by a type of neuroglia called Schwann cells.

A) insulating sheath

B) axon terminal

C) myelin sheath

D) neuroglia sheath

FINAL EXAM


Identify the indicated symbols. COLUMN III

Illustration # Identify

lustration of Spinal Cord and Nerves

_

_

_

_

L. Name this aspect &

M. Name this structure @

N. Name this structure #

O. This structure @ carries ____info

P. This structure % carries _____ info

FINAL EXAM


Special Senses

The sense of smell is dependent on _________ in the roof of the nasal cavity that contain numerous types of receptor proteins.

A) olfactory cells

B) hair cells

C) mucus cells


The area in the retina that is responsible for acute vision and that contains only cones is called the __________.

A) optic nerve

B) fovea centralis

C) pupil

D) choroid

The receptors for hearing and equilibrium are located in the _____.

A) inner ear

B) middle ear

C) outer ear

D) tympanic membrane

FINAL EXAM


Histology

Identify the missing terms of tissue classification on the following tables. Choose your answer from COLUMN X

MAIN Sub Type Sub Type Sub Type Sub Type Sub Type

Connective Fibrous Loose Areolar

Connective Fibrous Loose

Adipose

184

Dense Elastic

Connective Dense

Irregular

185

Supportive Cartilge Elastic

Connective Supportive Cartilge

Fibro

186

Connective

Bone 187

Supportive Bone

Spongy

FINAL EXAM



Fluid Blood Cells Erythrocytes

Connective Fluid Blood Cells

Blood Cells Leukocytes Basophils

Blood Cells Lymphocytes

Eosinophils

188

Macrophages

Monocytes

Neutrophils

Blood Cells

Cell Fragments Platelets

Plasma

189

Muscle Cardiac

Smooth

190

FINAL EXAM



Nervous Neurons

Nervous

Neuroglia CNS Astrocyte

Neuroglia Ependymal

Ependymal

Microglio

Microglia

191

PNS Satellite

Schwan

Epithelial Simple Columnar Ciliated

Non Ciliated

192

Squamous

Stratified Columnar

Cuboidal

193 Keratinized

Non Keratinized

Transitional

194

FINAL EXAM


Human Life

Fill in the following table by placing the letter that matches the statement with the organism.

A for Generally True, commonly known to occur or have occurred, or present as a characteristic;

B for Both True and False, can occur in some situations and / or species;

C for False, does not generally occur, not generally present.

D for No data,

ATTRIBUTE / CHARACTRISTIC MODERN HUMANS

ANIMALS

Cognizant / reflect / question why as individuals they have existence

195 196

Invent, synthesize new molecules, invent and use technology, express evidence of religious practice, culture and architecture

197 198

This is the END of the EXAM and the END of this Course………

FINAL EXAM


CHOICES

CODE I Region II Skeletal III Nervous IV Eye V Perspective VI System

A

B

C

D

E

AB

AC

AD

AE

BC

BD

BE

CD

CE

DE

ABC

ABD

ABE

ACD

ACE

ADE

BCD

BCE

BDE

CDE

ABCD

ABCE

ABDE

ACDE

BCDE

ABCDE

Abdominal

Abdominopelvic

Cardial

Cervical

Cranial

Crural

Dorsal

Inguinal

Lateral

Medial

Mediastinum

Parietal Pleura

Pelvic

Pericardial

Peritoneal

Pleural

Posterior

Spinal

Thoracic

Ventral

Vertebral

Carpal

Coccyx

Coxal (Ileum, Ischium, Pubis)

Ethmoid

Femur

Frontal

Humerus

Hyoid

Incus

Inferior Nasal Conchae

Lacrimal

Malleus

Mandible

Maxillae

Nasal

Occipital

Palatine

Parietal

Radius

Sacrum

Scapula

Sphenoid

Stapes

Tarsal

Temporal

Tibia

Ulna

Zygomatic

Anterior

Axon

Axon Terminal

Central Canal

Cerebellum

Cerebrum

Central Gray Horn

Dendrite

Dorsal

Dorsal Root Ganglia

Effector

Inter Neuron

Lateral Ventricle

Medulla Oblongata

Midbrain

Motor

Myelin Sheath

Neuron / Fibril

Pituitary

Pons

Posterior

Sensory Neuron

Sensory

Spinal Cord

Ventral

Ventral Root

White Matter

Angle

Anterior Chamber

Aqueus

Capsule

Choroid

Ciliary Process

Conjunctiva

Cornea

Eyelid

Fovea

Iris

Lash

Lens

Optic Nerve

Post Chamber

Pupil

Retina

Sclera

Vitreous

Vitreous band

Zonules

Anterior

Bi-Lateral

Frontal

Inferior

Lateral

Left

Illustration

Oblique

Posterior

Patient / Specimen Left

Patient / Specimen Right

Right Illustration

Sagittal

Superior

Transverse

Cardiovascular

Digestive

Endocrine

Integuement

Lymph / Immune

Muscular

Nervous

Reproductive

Respiratory

Skeletal

Urinary

FINAL EXAM


FINAL EXAM


CHOICES

CODE VII CV VIII Respiratory IX Digestive X Histo XI Organization XII Anat Structure

A

B

C

D

E

AB

AC

AD

AE

BC

BD

BE

CD

CE

DE

ABC

ABD

ABE

ACD

ACE

ADE

BCD

BCE

BDE

CDE

ABCD

ABCE

ABDE

ACDE

BCDE

ABCDE

Aorta

Aortic Semi-Lunar Valve

Chordae Tendinae

Epicardium

Interventricular Septum

Mitral Valve

Left Atrium

Left Ventricle

Mediastinum

Papillary Muscle

Parietal Pericardium

Pulmonary Arteries

Pulmonary Capillaries

Pulmon Semi-Lun Valve

Pulmonary Trunk

Pulmonary Veins

Right Atrium

Right Ventricle

Sinoatrial Node

Superior Capillary

Systemic Arteries

Systemic Capillaries

Transverse

Tricuspid Valve

Vena Cava, Inferior

Vena Cava, Superior

None Of The Above

Alveoli

Bronchus

Bronchiole

Bronch Cartilage

Capillary

Carina

Pulm Artery

Pulmon Vein

Smooth Muscle

Trachea

Anus

Ceacum

Descending Colon

Duodenum

Esophagus

Ileum

Jejunum

Large Intestine

Oropharynx

Rectum

Sigmoid Colon

Stomach

Transverse Colon

Areolar

Bone

Cartilage

Columnar

Compact

Connective

Cuboidal

Hyaline

Loose

Lymph

Lymphocyte

Muscle

Nervous

Oligodendrocyte

Pseudostratified

Regular

Reticular

Simple

Skeletal

Stratified

Atoms

Molecules

Organelles

Cells

Tissues

Organ

Organ Systems

Organism

Population

Community

Ecosystem

Biosphere

Acromial

Antebrachial

Antecubital

Axillary

Brachial

Buccal

Calcaneal

Carpal

Cephalic

Crural

Dorsal

Femoral

Gluteal

Inguinal

Manual

Mental

Occipital

Olecranal

Pedal

Popliteal

Sacral

Scapular

Sternal

Sural

Tarsal

Thoracic

FINAL EXAM


CHOICES

CODE XIII

A

B

C

D

E

AB

AC

AD

AE

BC

BD

BE

CD

CE

DE

ABC

ABD

ABE

ACD

ACE

ADE

BCD

BCE

BDE

CDE

ABCD

ABCE

ABDE

ACDE

BCDE

ABCDE

Abduction

Adduction

Circumduction

Contraction Assisting

Contractiuon Opposing

Contraction Primary

Contraction

Depression

Dorsiflexion

Elevation

Eversion

Extension

Flexion

Hyperextension

Hyperflexion

Inversion

Lateral flexion

Plantar flexion

Pronation

Protraction

Rotation

Supination

FINAL EXAM


Match the COMPONENTS and FUNCTIONS with the respective SYSTEM to which they are most closely associated. See COLUMN ANATOMICAL SYSTEMS for choices.

# COMPONENTS / DESCRIPTION

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

B. fallopian tubes and seminal vesicles

C. ureters

D. bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli

E. ligaments, articulations

F. nails, sudiferous glands and hair

G. arteries and veins

H. brain stem and spinal nerves

I. esophagus, liver, pancreas, and anus

J. tendons, and myofibrils

K. testes, thyroid, pancreas, ovary, adrenals

L. spleen and thoracic duct

_

_

_

M. absorption

N. gametogenesis

O. filtration and micturition

P. external ventilation

Q. Allergic and immune response

R. Waste, gas and nutrient transport

S. information integration, acute homeostasis

T. voluntary movement

U. toxin, infection, environmental protection, waterproofing

V. posture

W. chemical homeostasis


Page 91 of 123 BIO 105 S 2015 Practice Final Exam Q Abbreviated 150523

Skeletal System

The most rigid connective tissue is called ____.

A) cartilage B) bone C) dense connective tissue D) adipose tissue

Which connective tissue has a fluid matrix located in blood vessels?

A) bone B) blood C) cartilage D) bone, blood, and cartilage C) secretion of the organic matrix of bone

The skeleton _______.

A) permits flexible movement B) supports and protects the body C) produces blood cells and stores inorganic salts D) All of these are correct.

The axial skeleton consists of ________.

A) the skull B) the vertebral column C) the hyoid bone and rib cage D) all of the above

The vertebral column has the following sections, superior to inferior….

A) one, two, three, four B) lateral, vertical, dorsal, ventral C) cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccyxl D) cervical, ventral, dorsal, lateral, caudal



Identify the missing terms. Choose your answers from SKELETON Classification. Employ alphabetical order for terms that are within the same group.

Division Region Group Bone

____ Skull Associated Bones

Auditory Ossicles

_____

_____

Face

Thoracic Cage _____

Sternum Manubrium

Body

Xiphoid

_____ Vertebrae _____

Thoracic

_____

Sacrun

_____

Appendicular _____ _____

Scapula

Upper Limb Brachial _____

Radius

_____

Appendage Carpals

Metacarpals

_____

Pelvic _____ Ischium

_____

Pubis

_____ Leg Femur

_____

_____

_____ Tarsals

_____

Phalanges

Match the level of structural organization that best fits the definition. See Organization for Choices

Groups of like cells and the surrounding materials that work together to perform a particular function

A group of tissues that structurally and functionally perform a determined task

Structural and functional group of related organs with a common function within an organism

Macromelecular complexes that perform a specific function within a cell

Polymers of amino acids

Anatomy terminology / Lexicon Match the Term with its derivation in the Greek or Latin.

TERM Greek / Latin

Root, Prefix and / or Suffix

CODE

Flat

Self

Divides inferior / superior

Divides anterior / posterior

Divides Left / right

Tongue

Shoulder

Groin

Elbow

Foot

Chin

Cell membrane

Outside

Painful

Eye

Acromial

Auto

Baro

Brachi

Brevis

Cerebro

Coel

Contra

Coronal

Cross

Dys

Ecto

Endo

Epi

Glosso

Homo

Hypo

Inguinal

Inter

Intra

Lateral

Lemni

Limbic

Mamil

Medial

Mental

Olecranal

Optic

Pedal

Sagittal

Squamous

A

B

C

D

E

AB

AC

AD

AE

BC

BD

BE

CD

CE

DE

ABC

ABD

ABE

ACD

ACE

ADE

BCD

BCE

BDE

CDE

ABCD

ABCE

ABDE

ACDE

BCDE

ABCDE

Reproductive System

The reproductive system

A) produces and transports gametes. B) stores and nourishes gametes. C) produces FSH and LH. D) A and B only E) all of the above

Sperm cells are stored primarily in the

A) seminiferous tubules. B) straight tubules. C) lobules. D) interstitial areas. E) epididymis.

The hormone responsible for a male's secondary sexual characteristics is

A) testosterone. B) ICSH. C) FSH. D) LH. E) gonadotropin.

The paired erectile tissues of the penis are the

A) glans penis. B) prepuce. C) corpus spongiosum. D) corpora cavernosa. E) penile urethra. Answer: D Diff: 1 Learning Outcome: 19.2 Skill Level: 1 Reviewing Facts and Terms

The pituitary hormone that stimulates spermatogenesis is

A) FSH. B) LH. C) ACTH. D) ADH. E) GH.

The order in which sperm pass through these structures from the testes to the penis is

A) 1, 3, 4, 2. B) 4, 3, 1, 2. C) 4, 1, 2, 3. D) 4, 1, 3, 2. E) 1, 4, 3, 2.

Testosterone is needed _____________.

A) to stimulate growth of male reproductive organs. B) to promote functioning of male reproductive organs. C) for development of male secondary sexual characteristics

D) All of these are correct

Male gametes are the _____ and the female gametes are the _____.

A) testes; ovaries B) sperm; egg C) testosterone; estrogens D) scrotum; uterus

Development

The fertilized egg is initially called the ______.

A) oocyte B) ovum C) zygote D) embryo

The _____ is where fetal blood exchanges molecules with maternal blood.

A) uterus B) vagina C) placenta D) umbilical cord

The period of gestation that is characterized by rapid fetal growth is the ________ trimester(s).

A) first B) second C) third D) first and second E) second and third

The period of gestation when the rudiments of all major organ systems appear is the ________ trimester(s).

A) first B) second C) third D) first and second E) second and third

The division of the zygote into two blastomeres is referred to as

A) cleavage. B) implantation. C) placentation. D) embryogenesis. E) fertilization.

A blastocyst is

A) an extraembryonic membrane that forms blood vessels. B) a solid ball of cells. C) a hollow ball of cells. D) a portion of the placenta. E) the membrane that forms the urinary bladder.

The extraembryonic membrane that forms a fluid-filled sac is the

A) yolk sac. B) amnion. C) allantois. D) chorion. E) decidua.

During pregnancy,

A) a woman's respiratory rate and tidal volume increase. B) maternal blood volume increases. C) maternal nutrient requirements increase. D) a woman's glomerular filtration rate increases. E) all of the above

The first 22 pairs of chromosomes are called

A) homologous chromosomes. B) homozygous chromosomes. C) heterozygous chromosomes. D) autosomal chromosomes. E) alleles.

If an individual carries a pair of alleles that are the same, he or she is ________ for the trait.

A) homologous B) homozygous C) heterozygous D) autosomal E) polygenic Diff: 1

In simple inheritance,

A) phenotypic characteristics are determined by a single pair of alleles. B) phenotypic characteristics are determined by multiple alleles. C) phenotypic characteristics are determined by the action of a single gene. D) phenotypic characteristics are controlled by regulator genes on a chromosome other than the one that has the structural genes. E) phenotypic characteristics are determined by the genes on the Y chromosome.

The gene that is NOT expressed in a heterozygous situation is called

A) dominant. B) recessive. C) incomplete. D) phenotypic.

An individual who is homozygous dominant for a trait would be written as

A) aA. B) aa. C) AA. D) Aa.

Polygenic traits include

A) eye color and hair colors other than pure blond or red. B) albinism and brachydactyly. C) inability to roll the tongue into a U-shape. D) curly hair and eye color.

E) blood Rh factor and color blindness.

The genotype for a male would be

A) XX. B) XO. C) XXO. D) XY. E) XYY.

Which blood type is NOT possible if the mother is blood type AB and the father is type B?

A) A B) B C) AB D) O

All life, that we know of, comes from __________:

A) spontaneous generation. B) marine life. C) tree life D) strange environments E) pre-existing life

Humans inherit _______ pairs of chromosomes.

A) 10 B) 12 C) 23 D) 46

Mitosis is involved in _______.

A) growth and repair B) oogenesis C) spermatogenesis D) both B and C

The type of cell division that results in the formation of gametes is __________.

A) mitosis B) meiosis C) nondisjunction D) somatic division

In humans, the haploid number of chromosomes found in the egg and sperm is _________.

A) 23 pair. B) 23. C) 46. D) 46 pair.

Alternate forms of a gene having the same position on a pair of chromosomes and affecting the same trait are called______.

A) chromatids B) alleles C) DNA segments D) centrioles

Cell Chemistry

The smallest subunits of proteins are the ______ .

A) amines B) peptides C) polypeptides D) amino acids

The plasma membrane is ______ .

A) impermeable B) totally permeable C) selectively permeable (semipermeable) D) None of these answers are correct.

The cytoplasm contains_______. Mark all that apply

A) cytosol B) metabolites C) waste D) cytoskeleton E) glycocalyx

SCANTRON 2

Muscular System

Fill In the term for the following definitions of muscular -skeletal movement. Choose from Column MOTION

TERM Definition

Extension Increases the angle between articulating structures in a hinge joint and in the sagittal plane

Adduction Movement of a bone or structure toward the midline

Abduction Movement of a bone or appendage away from the midline

Circumduction Circles in the air with your arms

MUSCLE ANATOMY CODE TERM

A

B

C

D

E

AB

AC

AD

AE

BC

BD

BE

CD

CE

Bone

Distally

Endomysium

Epimysium

Fascicle

Fiber / Cell

Filament

Ligament

Muscle

Perimysium

Proximally

Sarcoplasm

Sarcolemma

Tendon

Using the illustration and answer choices from above and beginning with actin and myosin, list in increasing order of complexity, the structural organization of a muscle. Complete the following table.

Contracting / Functional Element

Least complex to Most complex

Surrounding / Connective Tissue

Myofilaments, actin and myosin

Form the Myofibrils Which are embedded in and make up most of the ______

Which form the Muscle Fibers / Cells Each of which are surrounded by the _____

Which in turn are surrounded and connected to one another by the _____

All of which form the Fascicles Each of which are surrounded and connected to one another by the Perimysium

All of which form the _____ That is surrounded by the Epimysium

Which becomes part of the _____ as it proceeds

_____and attaches to the Bone

Respiratory System

Trace the flow of air into and through the anatomically correct order of structures. Mark the letter of the choice in the following flow chart. See the examples start and end.

Anatomical Order of Air Flow of CO2

From the alveoli

Anatomical Choices CODE

Alveoli C

__

_

_

__

__

__

__

__

__

__

__

External Environment AC

Alveolar sac

Alveolar duct

Alveoli

Bronchi

Bronchi

Bronchiole

External environment

Larynx

Nares

Nasopharynx

Oropharynx

Trachea

A

B

C

D

E

AB

AC

AD

AE

BC

BD

BE

What human organ system is responsible for exchanging gases with the outside environment?

A) respiratory system B) endocrine system C) excretory system D) external ventilation

Oxygen-rich blood is carried through pulmonary arteries from the lungs to the heart.

A) True

B) False

Oxygen-poor blood is carried through systemic veins from the body tissues back to the heart.

A) True

B) False

The __________ houses the vocal cords.

A) larynx

B) bronchus

C) pharynx

D) esophagus

The trachea divides into two __________ that lead to the lung

. A) glotti

B) tracheae

C) bronchi

D) bronchioles

Each bronchiole terminates in an elongated space enclosed by a multitude of air pockets called_.

A) the glottis

B) alveoli

C) the larynx

D) the pharynx

Each alveolar sac is surrounded by __________ carrying blood.

A) arteries

B) veins

C) venules

D) capillaries

During __________, the respiratory pigment hemoglobin combines with oxygen to form oxyhemoglobin in the pulmonary capillaries.

A) internal respiration

B) external respiration

C) anaerobic respiration

D) ventilation

Muscular System

Skeletal muscle fibers are ______ .

A) smooth B) striated C) spindle-shaped D) fragmented

Where is smooth muscle found?

A) intestines B) stomach C) blood vessels D) intestines, stomach, and blood vessels

A distinguishing characteristic of cardiac muscle cells is the presence of ____________.

A) actin filaments B) intercalated disks C) neuroglia D) neurons

Which of the following is(are) types of muscle?

A) cardiac B) skeletal C) smooth D) All of these are correct.

The type of muscle tissue that is controlled voluntarily is called _____________

A) smooth muscle B) cardiac muscle C) skeletal muscle D) All of these are under conscious control

The lower arm extends when the _________.

A) triceps brachii contracts

B) biceps brachii contracts C) brachialis contracts D) deltoid contracts

Skeletal muscles are usually named on the basis of _____ .

A) shape, size, or action B) direction of fibers C) number of attachments D) all of the above

A muscle fiber contains 2 principal contractile proteins _____ that run the length of a muscle fiber.

A) actin filaments B) myosin filaments C) sarcolemma D) myofibrils E) A and B AB) None of the above

Cardiovascular

The _____ system transports nutrients and oxygen to cells and removes their waste.

A) digestive B) cardiovascular C) excretory D) respiratory

The circulatory system has ______ types of blood vessels.

A) one B) two C) three D) four

_____ are small arteries just visible to the naked eye.

A) Venules B) Capillaries C) Veins D) Arterioles

The venae cavae carry low-oxygen blood to the ______ of the heart.

A) right ventricle B) right atrium C) left ventricle D) left atrium

The ______ arteries serve the heart muscle.

A) femoral B) hepatic C) iliac D) coronary

The two components of the cardiovascular system are __________.

A) the heart and the aorta B) the heart and all the arteries C) the heart and the blood vessels D) the blood vessels and the lymphatic system

The liquid portion of blood is called ____.

A) lymph B) plasma C) a cellular matrix D) blood cells

The iron-containing red colored molecule found in red blood cells is _____.

A) erythropoietin B) lymphocyte C) hemoglobin D) hemolysis

White blood cells ______.

A) have a nucleus B) lack hemoglobin C) fight infection D) all of the above

B lymphocytes are associated with ________.

A) antibody production B) macrophage production

Identify the following structures. Choose your answers from COLUMN CV



148

150

149

151

Endocrine System



Adrenocorticotropic Hormone

Aldosterone

Antidiuretic Hormone

Calcitonin

Estrogen

Oxytocin

Testosterone

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

AB.

AC.

AD.

AE.

BC.

BD.

Adrenal Gland

Anterior Pituitary

Hypothalamus

Ovary

Pancreas

Parathyroid Gland

Pineal Gland

Posterior Pituitary

Teste

Thymus

Thyroid Gland

Digestion Nutrition

Trace the flow of food through the anatomically correct order of structures. Mark the letter of the choice in the following flow chart. DIGESTIVE

Anatomical Flow of Food

LIPS

MOUTH

_____

ESOPHAGUS

CARDIA

________

PYLORIS

DUODENUM

__________

__________

CEACUM

ASC COLON

__________

DESC COLON

_____________

ANUS

Urinary System

The _____ system removes nitrogenous waste is.

A) digestive

B) cardiovascular C) excretory D) respiratory E) urinary

Filtration...

A) occurs when the filtrate passes from the peritubular capillaries back to the nephron tubules.

B) occurs when blood fluids leave the afferent arteriole and enter the Bowman’s capsule.

C) occurs when blood fluids leave the glomerulus and enter the Bowman’s capsule.

D) occurs when the filtrate passes from the nephron tubules back to the efferent arteriole.

E) occurs when the filtrate passes from the nephron tubules back to the peritubular capillaries.

The removal of metabolic wastes from the body is called __________

A) secretion

B) defecation

C) excretion

D) maintenance

Besides the excretion of metabolic wastes, which of these describes a vital function of the kidneys?





The __________ extend(s) from the urinary bladder to an external opening.

A) ureter

B) renal arteries

C) urethra

D) glomerulus

Brain And Spinal Column

The brain and spinal cord contain conducting cells called ______ .

A) dendrites

B) neurons C) neuroglia D) axons

Nervous System Neurons

Fill In the Missing information for the Following Table. See COLUMN NERVOUS for choices

Function Structure

regulates posture, balance and interprets intended movement

with actual movement, fine motor control

relays sensory and motor input from spinal cord to brain, right side to left side and vice versa crossover of many spinal nerves, regulates consciousness, heart rate, coughing breathing and sneezing

sensory, motor and associative areas responsible for thought, motion and emotion

Which of the following is a neurotransmitter that triggers muscle contraction?

A) myosin B) tropomyosin C) troponin D) acetylcholine

The cells that transmit nerve impulses between parts of the nervous system are called ________.

A) neuroglia

B) neurons

C) motor cells

D) nervous tissue

The _______ is the portion of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses.

A) dendrite

B) axon

C) myelin sheath

D) sensory receptor

This protective covering on the axon is formed by a type of neuroglia called Schwann cells.

A) insulating sheath

B) axon terminal

C) myelin sheath

D) neuroglia sheath

Autonomic Nervous System

SYSTEM A SYSTEM B

Fill in the following classification Table. Match System A or B with the appropriate statements / definitions.

Function SYSTEM A SYSTEM B

Speeds heart rate

Slows heart rate

Stimulates liver to release glucose

Cranial Sacral nerves

Thoraco-lumbar nerves

Parasympathetic

Sympathetic

√

This page remains purposely blank


Identify the indicated symbols. See COLUMN NERVOUS for choices

Illustration # Identify

lustration of Spinal Cord and Nerves

_

_

_

_

_

_

X. Name this aspect / perspective &

Y. Name this structure @

Z. Name this structure #

AA. This structure @ carries ____info

BB. This structure % carries _____ info

CC. Name this aspect / perspective $

Special Senses

The sense of smell is dependent on _________ in the roof of the nasal cavity that contain numerous types of receptor proteins.

A) olfactory cells

B) hair cells

C) mucus cells


The area in the retina that is responsible for acute vision and that contains only cones is called the __________.

A) optic nerve

B) fovea centralis

C) pupil

D) choroid

The receptors for hearing and equilibrium are located in the _____.

A) inner ear

B) middle ear

C) outer ear

D) tympanic membrane

Histology

Identify the missing terms of tissue classification on the following tables. Choose your answer from HISTOLOGY

MAIN Sub Type Sub Type Sub Type Sub Type

Connective Fibrous Loose Areolar

____

Reticular

Dense Regular

Irregular

Elastic

Supportive Cartilge ____

Elastic

Fibro

Bone Compact

____

Fluid Blood Cells Erythrocytes

Leukocytes Eosinophil

Basophil

Neutriophil

Monocyte

____

Macrophage

Platelets

Plasma

Lymph Lymph

MAIN Sub Type Sub Type Sub Type Sub Type

Muscle Skeletal

____

Cardiac

Nervous Neurons

____ CNS Astrocytes

Oligodendrocytes

Ependymal

Microglia

PNS Schwann

Satellite

Epithelial Simple Squamous

Cuboidal

Columnar Ciliated

Non Ciliated

Stratified Squamous Keratinized

Non Keratinized

Cuboidal

____

Pseudostratified

Transitional


ANSWER CHOICES

CODE Region Nervous

A

B

C

D

E

AB

AC

AD

AE

BC

BD

BE

CD

CE

DE

ABC

ABD

ABE

ACD

ACE

ADE

BCD

BCE

BDE

CDE

ABCD

ABCE

ABDE

ACDE

BCDE

ABCDE

Abdominal

Abdominopelvic

Cardial

Cervical

Cranial

Crural

Dorsal

Inguinal

Lateral

Medial

Mediastinum

Parietal Pleura

Pelvic

Pericardial

Peritoneal

Pleural

Posterior

Spinal

Thoracic

Ventral

Vertebral

Afferent

Anterior

Axon

Axon Terminal

Central Canal

Cerebellum

Cerebrum

Central Gray Horn

Dendrite

Dorsal

Dorsal Root Ganglia

Efferent

Effector

Inter Neuron

Lateral Ventricle

Medulla Oblongata

Midbrain

Motor

Myelin Sheath

Neuron / Fibril

Pituitary

Pons

Posterior

Sensory Neuron

Sensory

Spinal Cord

Ventral

Ventral Root

White Matter


ANSWER CHOICES

CODE Eye Perspective System

A

B

C

D

E

AB

AC

AD

AE

BC

BD

BE

CD

CE

DE

ABC

ABD

ABE

ACD

ACE

ADE

BCD

BCE

BDE

CDE

ABCD

ABCE

ABDE

ACDE

BCDE

ABCDE

Angle

Anterior Chamber

Aqueus

Capsule

Choroid

Ciliary Process

Conjunctiva

Cornea

Eyelid

Fovea

Iris

Lash

Lens

Optic Nerve

Post Chamber

Pupil

Retina

Sclera

Vitreous

Vitreous band

Zonules

Anterior

Bi-Lateral

Frontal

Inferior

Lateral

Left

Illustration

Oblique

Posterior

Patient / Specimen Left

Patient / Specimen Right

Right Illustration

Sagittal

Superior

Transverse

Cardiovascular

Digestive

Endocrine

Integuement

Lymph / Immune

Muscular

Nervous

Reproductive

Respiratory

Skeletal

Urinary


ANSWER CHOICES

CODE CV

A

B

C

D

E

AB

AC

AD

AE

BC

BD

BE

CD

CE

DE

ABC

ABD

ABE

ACD

ACE

ADE

BCD

BCE

BDE

CDE

ABCD

ABCE

ABDE

ACDE

BCDE

ABCDE

Abdominal aorta

Aorta

Aortic Semi-Lunar Valve

Chordae Tendinae

Epicardium

Hepatic portal vein

Interventricular Septum

Mitral Valve

Left Atrium

Left Ventricle

Mediastinum

Papillary Muscle

Parietal Pericardium

Pulmonary Arteries


Pulmonary Vein

Pulmon Semi-Lun Valve

Pulmonary Trunk

Pulmonary Veins

Renal Artery

Right Atrium

Right Ventricle

Sinoatrial Node

Superior Capillary

Systemic Arteries

Systemic Capillaries

Thoracic aorta

Transverse

Tricuspid Valve

Vena Cava, Inferior

Vena Cava, Superior


ANSWER CHOICES

CODE Skeleton Classification

Skeleton Classification cont.

A

B

C

D

E

AB

AC

AD

AE

BC

BD

BE

CD

CE

DE

ABC

ABD

ABE

ACD

ACE

ADE

BCD

BCE

BDE

CDE

ABCD

ABCE

ABDE

ACDE

BCDE

Appendage

Appendicular

Associated Bones

Auditory Ossicles

Axial

Body

Brachial

Carpals

Cervical

Clavicle

Coccyx

Costals

Coxal

Cranium

Face

Femur

Fibula

Humerus

Hyoid

Ilium

Ischium

Leg

Lower Limb

Lumbar

Manubrium

Metatarsals

Pectoral

Pelvic

Phalanges

Pubis

Sacrun

Scapula

Skull

Sternum

Tarsals

Thoracic

Thoracic Cage

Tibia

Ulna

Upper Limb

Vertebrae

Vertebral Column


ABCDE Radius


ANSWER CHOICES

CODE Histology Histology cont.

A

B

C

D

E

AB

AC

AD

AE

BC

BD

BE

CD

CE

DE

ABC

ABD

ABE

ACD

ACE

ADE

BCD

BCE

BDE

CDE

ABCD

ABCE

ABDE

ACDE

BCDE

ABCDE

Adipose

Areolar

Astrocytes

Basophil

Blood

Bone

Cardiac

Cartilge

Cells

Ciliated

CNS

Columnar

Compact

Connective

Cuboidal

Dense

Elastic

Eosinophil

Ependymal

Epithelial

Erythrocytes

Fibrous

Fluid

Hyaline

Irregular

Keratinized

Leukocytes

Loose

Lymph

None of the above

Lymphocytre

Macrophage

Microglia

Monocyte

Muscle

Nervous

Neuroglia

Neurons

Neutrophil

Non Ciliated

Non Keratinized

Oligodendrocytes

PNS

Pseudostratified

Regular

Reticular

Satellite

Schwann

Simple

Skeletal

Smooth

Spongy

Squamous

Squamous

Stratified

Supportive

Transitional

None of the above


ANSWER CHOICES

CODE Organization Anatomical Structure

A

B

C

D

E

AB

AC

AD

AE

BC

BD

BE

CD

CE

DE

ABC

ABD

ABE

ACD

ACE

ADE

BCD

BCE

BDE

CDE

ABCD

ABCE

ABDE

ACDE

BCDE

ABCDE

Atoms

Biosphere

Carbihydrates

Cells

Community

Ecosystem

Lipids

Macromolecules

Molecules

Nucleic acids

Organ

Organ Systems

Organelles

Organism

Otrganelles

Population

Proteins

Steroids

Tissues

Acromial

Antebrachial

Antecubital

Axillary

Brachial

Buccal

Calcaneal

Carpal

Cephalic

Cervical

Crural

Dorsum / al

Femoral

Gluteal

Inguinal

Manual

Mammil

Mental

Occipital

Olecranal

Patellar

Pedal

Phalangeal

Popliteal

Sacral

Scapular

Sternal

Sural

Tarsal

Thoracic

None of the above


ANSWER CHOICES

CODE Respiratory Ventral / Abdominal Regions

A

B

C

D

E

AB

AC

AD

AE

BC

BD

BE

CD

CE

DE

ABC

ABD

ABE

ACD

ACE

ADE

BCD

BCE

BDE

CDE

ABCD

ABCE

ABDE

ACDE

BCDE

ABCDE

Alveolar duct

Alveolar sac

Alveoli

Bronch Cartilage

Bronchiole

Bronchus

Carina

LARYNX

Nares

Nasal Conchae

Nasopharynx

Oropharynx

Pulm Arterioles

Pulmon Veinules


Smooth Muscle

Trachea

None of the above

Anterior

Central

Dorsal

Epigastric

Hypochondriac

Hypogastric

Inferior

Inguinal

L Abdominopelvic

L Epigastric

L Hypochondriac

L Hypogastric

L Inguinal

L Lumbar

L Umbilical

Lateral

Lumbar

Medial

Posterior

R Abdominopelvic

R Epigastric

R Hypochondriac

R Hypogastric

R Inguinal

R Lumbar

R Umbilical

Superior

Umbilical

Ventral

None of the above


ANSWER CHOICES

CODE Motion Urinary

Digestive

A

B

C

D

E

AB

AC

AD

AE

BC

BD

BE

CD

CE

DE

ABC

ABD

ABE

ACD

ACE

ADE

BCD

BCE

BDE

CDE

ABCD

ABCE

ABDE

ACDE

BCDE

Abduction

Adduction

Circumduction

Contraction Assisting

Contractiuon Opposing

Contraction Primary

Contraction

Depression

Dorsiflexion

Elevation

Eversion

Extension

Flexion

Hyperextension

Hyperflexion

Inversion

Lateral flexion

Plantar flexion

Pronation

Protraction

Rotation

Supination

Afferent arteriole

Bowmans capsule

Calyx, major

Calyx, minor

Collecting duct

Cortex

Efferent arteriole

Glomerulus

Medulla

Nephron

Nephron loop

Plasma

Proximal tubule

Pyramid

Renal artery

Renal pelvis

Renal vein

Ureter

Urine

Anus

Ceacum

Descending Colon

Duodenum

Esophagus

Ileum

Jejunum

Large Intestine

Oropharynx

Rectum

Sigmoid Colon

Stomach

Transverse Colon


ABCDE

Biology 218 – Human Anatomy - RIDDELL 105 S...11. What is the unifying principle of the biological...

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Transcript of Biology 218 – Human Anatomy - RIDDELL 105 S...11. What is the unifying principle of the biological...