Biology 105 Human Biology Session: Spring 2014 Section...

Biology 105 – Human Biology

Session:

Section:

Class Location:

Days / Time: Instructor:

Spring 2014

55244 4 Units

UVC1 St. Helena

F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM

RIDDELL

of 23 LAB Report 2 Genetic Profile Good Example 150401

Student ID#: 1 2 3 4 5 6

Student Name: Ophelia Dominguez Team Name: WANNA BEE’s

Lab Assignment #: Lab #2

Lab Title: Personal Genetic Profile Date: 2014-02-22

Purpose / Objective(s): Profile common genetic traits in myself and relatives in my family tree * (Please note, some information is limited, as I am adopted, and have minimal

information on my birth mother).

Profile common genetic traits in Bio 105 class

Determine patterns of genetic inheritance in my family tree

Compare female traits of my family to female classmates

Compare male traits of class with my family’s males

Hypotheses:

The following genetic traits should demonstrate independent genetic inheritance patterns within my class and family:

Females in Bio 105 should have genetically diverse traits expressed

Males in Bio 105 should have genetically diverse traits expressed

Females in my family will not resemble traits of class females

Males in my family will not resemble traits of class males

A genetic trait that exists with myself and my children, Gorlin’s Sign (touching tongue to nose) will be a minority in class data, as in society, it’s prevalent only in 10% of the population.. I learned about Gorlin’s sign in my Rheumatology textbook, and it is also noticed up to 50% in people with “hyper flexible Joints” Ehler’s Dalos Syndrome. As I’m adopted, I’m curious to see what traits I’ve passed onto my children. I’ve been diagnosed with Ankylosing Spondylitis, and curious to see if my children will also be susceptible to this disease.

Materials / Subjects / Specimens; .

A total of 39 students and one teacher in Bio 105 class were asked their common genetic traits and a few extra traits for extra credit. They were recorded and added class tables of data.(see Tables #2 and 3)

I recorded my personal genetic information (see table# 1)

I asked generic traits among my family and recorded in a table

o Self

o Birth Mom (limited data)


Session:

Section:

Class Location:


Spring 2014

55244 4 Units

UVC1 St. Helena

F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM

RIDDELL


Gorlin’s Sign

Morton’s Toe

o Son

o Daughter

o Ex-Husband

o (see tables #6 and 7 )

Methods / Tools / Instrumentation / Procedures;

The standard generic traits asked were:

o Bent Little finger

o Hitch Hiker Thumb

o Interlacing Fingers

o Pigments iris

o Astigmatism

o Far-sighted

o Widow’s peak

o Mid-digital Hair

o Free Vs Attached Ear lobe

o Tongue Rolling

o Dimpled Chin

o Freckles

The extra credit genetic traits asked were:

o Gorlin’s sign (touching tongue to nose; prevalent in Ehler’s Danlos Syndrome, joint hypermobility, some rheumatic diseases and disorders)

o Curly or Straight Hair

o Morton’s Toe (where the 2nd

Phalanx is longer than the 1st Phalanx, also

known as the Hallux in Latin or “Big Toe” in common speech

o Handedness: Right or Left-Handedness

o Nose: Thin or Thick Nasal above nostril

Results

Table #1 summarizes personal genetic traits of Cathy OPHDM

Table #2 summarizes the total sum of Biology 105 class common and Extra Credit genetic traits

Table #3 summarizes the Biology 105 class percentage in common genetic traits and Extra Credit genetic traits

Table #4 summarizes common genetic female traits in my family and Extra Credit genetic traits

Table #5 summarizes common genetic male traits in my family and Extra Credit genetic traits

Large Nose


Session:

Section:

Class Location:


Spring 2014

55244 4 Units

UVC1 St. Helena

F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM

RIDDELL


Table #6 summarizes OPHDM Family females percentages of genetic traits

Table #7 summarizes OPHDM Family male percentages of genetic traits

Analysis: Graphs

Figure 1 shows a graph of Biology Class Females vs. Class Males. An interesting observation is that of cumulative classes, more females than males have genetic traits of bent little finger, straight thumb, tongue rolling, dimples and pigmented eyes than class males.

Figure 2 shows a graph of Biology Class Females vs. OPHDM Family Females. 10 of the class females had Morton’s Toe, while zero of my family had this feature of the 2

nd toe or phalanx being longer.

Figure 3 shows a graph of Biology Class Males vs. OPHDM Family Males. Class males were quite high for bent little finger, while my family was zero for males. Mid-digital hair was also quite high for class versus OPHDM males.

Figure 4 shows a graph of OPHDM Family Females vs. Family Males. Females have thin noses. All of us have pigmented irises (blue) and the hitchhiker thumb. None have a bent little finger. Males have Widow’s Peak and mid-digital hair but women do not.

Figure 5 shows a graph of OPHDM Family Males and Females, and Biology Class Males and Females. Mid-digital hair is even for class females and males. Class has a much higher rate of brown or pigmented eyes than does my family Same with the Morton’s Toe feature (2

nd toe or 2

nd phalanx is

longer than 1st toe or phalanx

Figure 6 shows a graph of Biology Class Males vs OPHDM Family Females. Class males are much higher proportionally than family females with pigmented eyes, bent little finger, and Widow’s Peak. Family females were higher proportionally with thin noses versus class males with wider noses.

Figure 7 shows a graph of Biology Class Females vs OPHDM Family Males. Class females were higher proportionally than family males for Morton’s Toe. Right-Handed dominant was proportional to society of 90% right-handed and 10% left-handed.


Session:

Section:

Class Location:


Spring 2014

55244 4 Units

UVC1 St. Helena

F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM

RIDDELL


Analysis: Tables

Table #1 shows my personal data. I do have specific recessive traits, such as being left-handed and Gorlin’s Sign, which reflect a higher risk of having

autoimmune diseases (I’m diagnosed with Graves Disease, Sjogren’s Syndrome, and Ankylosing Spondylitis), . My children have the Gorlin’s Sign and Graves Disease antibodies, but are right-handed. They have not shown signs of any autoimmune diseases yet. http://www.nytimes.com/1983/04/19/science/some-disorders-appear-to-be-linked-to-being-left-handed.html

Table #2 shows the totals of Cumulative Biology 105 students with Dominant Genetic Traits. I’m surprised to see such high numbers of dominant traits such as eye pigmentation, Far-sightedness, and hair on the mid digit. Left-handedness vs. right-handedness follows statistical norms (90% right, 10%left), with 36 students being right handed and 4 being left handed. http://www.livescience.com/19968-study-reveals-lefties-rare.html Statistically surprising was the statistics for the class on Gorlin’s sign (being able to touch your tongue to your nose). Class numbers showed 13/39 with this trait, which is 33%. Humans average 8-10% for this trait. https://www.cda-adc.ca/jcda/vol-67/issue-6/330.html As the class total was for 39 people, it may have just been a small number total; perhaps over 200-1000 students would have statistics of around 10% instead.

Table #3 shows same observations as above in Table #2, this table with the percentages. For hair, Widow’s peak is dominant, but in class, it shows as the minority, with only 26%. Similar with dimpled chin/cheek at just 28%, where dimples are a dominant trait. Perhaps the school pool of students from specific ethnic backgrounds of Hispanic and Asian vs. European or Caucasian descent shifted the class majority.

Table #4 shows the OPHDM Family Female Genetic Traits. I am the only left-handed member, my children are right handed, my birth mother was also right handed. So possibly my birth father was left handed, or grandparents on either sided had the left handed recessive trait and passed this onto me. My daughter got her dimple from her Dad (he has the chin cleft) and the freckles from us both.

Table #5 shows the OPHDM Family Male Genetic Traits. The males are all right handed, have blue eyes, free earlobes, straight little fingers, hitchhiker thumbs, are farsighted, with freckles, and no Morton’s Toe present. My son did get the tongue rolling trait from me and can also touch his tongue to his nose, whereas his Dad’s tongue does not roll (recessive trait) and cannot touch his tongue to his nose.

Table #6 shows the Percentages of OPHDM Family Females with Genetic Traits, similar to Table #4. All are blue eyed. My birth mother and I both wore glasses (near-sighted) whereas my daughter does not need glasses. No females have the dominant trait of the Widow’s Peak. My daughter and I each have wavy hair. My birth mother had straight hair. So possibly my birth father had curly or wavy hair, or a grandparent on either side had this feature and passed it down to us.

Table #7 shows Percentage of OPHDM Family Males with Genetic Traits, similar to Table #5. Males have straight hair. Only one has dimples and mid-digital hair.

http://www.nytimes.com/1983/04/19/science/some-disorders-appear-to-be-linked-to-being-left-handed.html

http://www.livescience.com/19968-study-reveals-lefties-rare.html

https://www.cda-adc.ca/jcda/vol-67/issue-6/330.html


Session:

Section:

Class Location:


Spring 2014

55244 4 Units

UVC1 St. Helena

F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM

RIDDELL


ATTACHMENTS

Summary / Formal / Conclusive Results / Tables, Charts, Illustrations

Table #1. Personal GENETIC TRAITS

Category Characteristic Expression Phenotype Genotype digit Bent Little Finger B for bent is dominant Straight bb

digit Hitch Hikers Thumb h for hitch hiker is recessive Curved Thumb hh

digit Interlacing Fingers L Thumb L for left thumb on top is dominant Left thumb on top L_

eye / vision Eye Color / Pigmented iris P for pigmented is dominant Blue eyes pp

eye / vision Astigmatism S for astigmatic is dominant to normal vision Astigmatic ss

eye / vision Far-sighted E for eagle is dominant to normal vision Nearsighted ee

hair Widow's Peak W peak is dominant no peak ww

hair Mid-digital Hair M for hair on mid digit is dominant None mm

head Free vs Attached Ear Lobe a for attached is recessive Free / Hanging A_

head Tongue Rolling R for roller is dominant Roller R_

skin Dimples / Dimpled Chin D for dimpled is dominant no dimples dd

skin Freckles F is dominant no freckles ff

Tongue Gorlin's sign: touching tongue to

nose X for NOT having it (it’s recessive) have Gorlin's xx

Hair Curly or Straight Y for Wavy Hair wavy hair Yy

Toes Morton’s Toe: 2nd toe longer than

the first is dominant T for NOT having Morton’s toe 2nd toe shorter tt

Hands Right or Left handed G for being Right-Handed (dominant) left handed qq

Nose Nose thin or fat J for having a fat/wide nose nose thin jj


Session:

Section:

Class Location:


Spring 2014

55244 4 Units

UVC1 St. Helena

F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM

RIDDELL


Table #2. Summary of the presence of common traits of cumulative BIO 105 students and Spring 2014’s extra credit GENETIC TRAITS

Category Characteristic Expression Totals

digit Bent Little Finger B for bent is dominant 182

digit Hitch Hikers Thumb h for hitch hiker is recessive 196

digit Interlacing Fingers L Thumb L for left thumb on top is dominant 207

eye / vision Eye Color / Pigmented iris P for pigmented is dominant 182

eye / vision Astigmatism S for astigmatic is dominant to normal vision 198

eye / vision Far-sighted E for eagle is dominant to normal vision 197

hair Widow's Peak W peak is dominant 189

hair Mid-digital Hair M for hair on mid digit is dominant 215

head Free vs Attached Ear Lobe a for attached is recessive 177

head Tongue Rolling R for roller is dominant 181

skin Dimples / Dimpled Chin D for dimpled is dominant 195

skin Freckles F is dominant 193

Tongue Gorlin's sign: touching tongue to nose X for NOT having it (it’s recessive) 13

Hair Curly or Straight Y for Wavy Hair 19

Toes 2nd toe longer than the first is dominant T for NOT having Morton’s toe 13

Hands Right or Left handed G for being Right-Handed (dominant) 36

Nose Nose thin or fat J for having a fat/wide nose 4


Session:

Section:

Class Location:


Spring 2014

55244 4 Units

UVC1 St. Helena

F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM

RIDDELL


Table #3: Biology 105 Class Percentages of Common and Extra Credit GENETIC TRAITS:

Category Characteristic Expression Percentage

digit Bent Little Finger B for bent is dominant 48%

digit Hitch Hikers Thumb h for hitch hiker is recessive 54%

digit Interlacing Fingers L Thumb L for left thumb on top is dominant 63%

eye / vision Eye Color / Pigmented iris P for pigmented is dominant 82%

eye / vision Astigmatism S for astigmatic is dominant to normal vision 32%

eye / vision Far-sighted E for eagle is dominant to normal vision 49%

hair Widow's Peak W peak is dominant 26%

hair Mid-digital Hair M for hair on mid digit is dominant 33%

head Free vs Attached Ear Lobe a for attached is recessive 73%

head Tongue Rolling R for roller is dominant 71%

skin Dimples / Dimpled Chin D for dimpled is dominant 28%

skin Freckles F is dominant 25%

Tongue Gorlin's sign: touching tongue to nose X for NOT having it (it’s recessive) 33%

Hair Curly or Straight Y for Wavy Hair 48%

Toes 2nd toe longer than the first is dominant T for NOT having Morton’s toe 33%

Hands Right or Left handed G for being Right-Handed (dominant) 90%

Nose Nose thin or fat J for having a fat/wide nose 50%


Session:

Section:

Class Location:


Spring 2014

55244 4 Units

UVC1 St. Helena

F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM

RIDDELL


Table #4: OPHDM Family Female Common Genetic and Extra Credit Traits

Category Characteristic Expression Family Females with

Dominants Trait



















Session:

Section:

Class Location:


Spring 2014

55244 4 Units

UVC1 St. Helena

F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM

RIDDELL


Table #5 OPHDM Family Male Common Genetic and Extra Credit Traits

Category Characteristic Expression Family Males



















Session:

Section:

Class Location:


Spring 2014

55244 4 Units

UVC1 St. Helena

F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM

RIDDELL


Table #6: OPHDM Family Female Trait Percentages of Common Genetic and Extra Credit Traits

Category Characteristic Expression Family

Female %



















Session:

Section:

Class Location:


Spring 2014

55244 4 Units

UVC1 St. Helena

F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM

RIDDELL


Table #7: OPHDM Family Male Percentages of Common Genetic and Extra Credit Traits

Category Characteristic Expression Family Male

%



















Session:

Section:

Class Location:


Spring 2014

55244 4 Units

UVC1 St. Helena

F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM

RIDDELL


Figure #1: Graph of Biology 105 Cumulative Class Generic Traits and Spring 2014 Extra Credit Traits

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

T

o

t

a

l

N

u

m

b

e

r

Genetic Traits

Biology 105 Class Females vs. Class Males

Class Females

Class Males


Session:

Section:

Class Location:


Spring 2014

55244 4 Units

UVC1 St. Helena

F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM

RIDDELL


Figure #2: Graph of Biology 105 Female Class Traits vs. OPHDM Family Female Traits

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

T

o

t

a

l

N

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m

b

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Genetic Traits

Biology 105 Class Females vs. Odom Family Females

Class Females

Fam Females


Session:

Section:

Class Location:


Spring 2014

55244 4 Units

UVC1 St. Helena

F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM

RIDDELL


Figure #3 Graph of Biology 105 Class Male Genetic Traits vs. OPHDM Family Male Traits


Session:

Section:

Class Location:


Spring 2014

55244 4 Units

UVC1 St. Helena

F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM

RIDDELL


Figure #4 Graph of OPHDM Family Female Genetic Traits vs. OPHDM Family Male Traits


Session:

Section:

Class Location:


Spring 2014

55244 4 Units

UVC1 St. Helena

F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM

RIDDELL


Figure #5 Graph of Biology 105 Female and Male Traits, OPHDM Family Female and Male Genetic Traits


Session:

Section:

Class Location:


Spring 2014

55244 4 Units

UVC1 St. Helena

F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM

RIDDELL


Figure #6 Graph of Biology 105 Class Male Traits vs. OPHDM Family Female Genetic Traits


Session:

Section:

Class Location:


Spring 2014

55244 4 Units

UVC1 St. Helena

F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM

RIDDELL


Figure #7 Graph of Biology 105 Class Female Traits vs. OPHDM Family Male Genetic Traits


Session:

Section:

Class Location:


Spring 2014

55244 4 Units

UVC1 St. Helena

F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM

RIDDELL


Figure 1 : Family Tree for Eye Color, Astigmatism, and Near/Farsightedness

Cathy OPHDM Family Tree

Mike's DAD Green eyes pp No Astigmatism nearsighted ee

Mike's MOM Blue Eyes pp

No Astigmatism nearsighted

ee

DAD

UNKNOWN

MOM Blue Eyes pp NearSighted

ee

SPOUSE Blue Eyes pp

Normal Vision ss farsighted Ee

ME Blue Eyes pp Astigmatic Ss

nearsighted ee

Daughter Blue Eyes pp

Normal Vision ss farsighted Ee

SON Blue Eyes pp

Normal Vision ss farsighted ee


Session:

Section:

Class Location:


Spring 2014

55244 4 Units

UVC1 St. Helena

F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM

RIDDELL


Figure #2 : Family Tree for Tongue Rolling and Gorlin’s Sign (Touching tongue to nose)


Mike's DAD No Tongue

Rolling rr , No Gorlin's Sign X_

Mike's MOM No Tongue Rolling rr,

No Gorlin's Sign X_

DAD

UNKNOWN MOM

UNKNOWN

SPOUSE No Tongue Rolling rr, no

Gorlin's sign Xx

ME Tongue

Rolling R_ AND Gorlin's

Sign

Daughter Tongue Rolling Rr

And Gorlin's Sign xx

SON Tongue

Rolling Rr AND Gorlin's

Sign xx


Session:

Section:

Class Location:


Spring 2014

55244 4 Units

UVC1 St. Helena

F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM

RIDDELL


Figure #3: Bent/Straight little finger (#5 Phalanx), Curved Thumb-Hitchhiker Thumb (#1 Phalanx or Pollex) and Left Thumb (Pollex) on top for interlacing fingers


DAD UNKNOWN

MOM

UNKNOWN

SPOUSE straight little finger bb curved thumb hh left

thumb on top L_

ME straight little finger bb curved thumb hh left

thumb on top L_

Daughter straight little finger bb curved thumb hh left

thumb on top Ll

SON straight little finger bb curved thumb hh left

thumb on top Ll


Session:

Section:

Class Location:


Spring 2014

55244 4 Units

UVC1 St. Helena

F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM

RIDDELL


Figure #4: Morton’s Toe (#2 Phalanx longer than #1 Phalanx/Big Toe


DAD

UNKNOWN MOM

UNKNOWN

SPOUSE No Morton's Toe tt

ME

No Morton's Toe tt

Daughter No Morton's Toe tt

SON No Morton's Toe tt


Session:

Section:

Class Location:


Spring 2014

55244 4 Units

UVC1 St. Helena

F 9:00 AM – 3:50 PM

RIDDELL


Observations: 1. Unfortunately, there is limited information on my biological family as I am adopted. I’m curious to get more information about my biological family. I did

find out some information about my birth mother, but she died back in 1989 from complications due to breast cancer. Coincidentally, my adopted Mom had breast cancer in 1986. She is a survivor.

2. Cumulative Biology 105 class students provides a large pool of genetic traits for analysis. The class showed a near average of 50% for bent little finger, while my family females were zero. 82% of the class was dominant for brown eyes, while 100% of my family has the recessive genetic trait for blue eyes. I’m surprised to see such high numbers of dominant traits such as eye pigmentation, Far-sightedness, and hair on the mid digit.

3. My hypothesis of the class having society’s norm of 10% positive for Gorlin’s sign (touching tongue to nose) was proven incorrect. https://www.cda-adc.ca/jcda/vol-67/issue-6/330.htm Class came in much higher at 33%. This could be due to the smaller sample, or perhaps the genetic diversity of Asian and Mexican students includes the Gorlin’s sign. That would be interesting to research. Many Asians will have their faces turn red after drinking alcohol, while most Caucasians do not, so there are differences racially.

4. The class statistic for right handedness was same as society with 90%. http://www.livescience.com/19968-study-reveals-lefties-rare.html My family was close, with 80%, but with a smaller pool of candidates. I wonder if this recessive gene will possibly be inherited by my grandchildren. I wish I had genetic data available in a national data bank I could access on my birth father. As left handed people are more likely to get autoimmune diseases, I’d be curious to see classmates in 10-20 years to see if they have anything autoimmune-related.

5. In the future, I’d also like to see about doing genetic DNA testing for myself and kids to find more out about our genetic background. I have Graves Disease, Sjogren’s and Anklyosing Spondylitis. The kids have the thyroid antibodies for Graves Disease but are not active (TSI, Thyroid Stimulating Immunoglobin). My Spondylitis is HLA-B27 negative, or seronegative. It’s possible that another HLA will test positive for me or them with additional testing. Another thing is to also look at monozygotic twin studies (identical twins/1 egg splitting). Rates for autoimmune diseases like MS, RA, and IBD among monozygotic twins can be 25-50%. http://cshperspectives.cshlp.org/content/4/3/a007260.full

https://www.cda-adc.ca/jcda/vol-67/issue-6/330.htm

https://www.cda-adc.ca/jcda/vol-67/issue-6/330.htm

http://www.livescience.com/19968-study-reveals-lefties-rare.html

http://cshperspectives.cshlp.org/content/4/3/a007260.full

Biology 105 Human Biology Session: Spring 2014 Section...

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