Bio Questions

1 TAKE QUIZ 2 REVIEW 3 STUDY PLAN 4 LEARN!

Chapter 10 Self-Test (PSP)

Your response has been submitted successfully.

Points Awarded 7

Points Missed 13

Percentage 35%

1. Which of the following is not a characteristic of C4 plants?

A. C4 plants contain two different types of chloroplasts.

B. C4 plants contain RuBP carboxylase and PEP carboxylase.

C. The first product of photosynthesis in C4 plants is 3PG.

D. C4 plants are better adapted to hot climates than C3 plants.

E. C4 plants use the Calvin cycle.

Correct

See Section 10.4: How Do Plants Adapt to the Inefficiencies of Photosynthesis?

Points Earned: 1/1

Correct Answer: C

Your Response: C

2. The concentration of CO2 in Earth's atmosphere has increased over the past 200 years. If this

trend continues, as seems likely, what could happen to photosynthesis? Ignore global warming

and assume that the content of oxygen in the atmosphere will not change.

A. The net yield C3 photosynthesis should increase; C4 photosynthesis should be unaffected.

B. The net yield C3 photosynthesis should decrease; C4 photosynthesis should be unaffected.

C. The net yield C3 photosynthesis should stay the same; C4 photosynthesis should increase.

D. Both the net yield C3 photosynthesis and C4 photosynthesis should not change.

E. None of the above

Incorrect


Points Earned: 0/1

Correct Answer: A

Your Response: B

3. Photorespiration

http://angel.bfwpub.com/section/content/default.asp?WCI=pgDisplay&WCU=CRSCNT&ENTRY_ID=b90ede4c8908413cbc93d8bbc78d6890

A. decreases the efficiency of photosynthesis in C3 plants.

B. occurs at high rates in C4 plants.

C. is a result of the carboxylation of RuBP.

D. takes place entirely within chloroplasts.

E. is insensitive to the CO2 to O2 concentration ratio.

Incorrect

See Section 10.3: How Is Chemical Energy Used to Synthesize Carbohydrates?

Points Earned: 0/1

Correct Answer: A

Your Response: B

4. If you were to grow a green plant in a lighted chamber in the presence of radioactive carbon

dioxide for several days, which of the following types of compounds in the plant would be

radioactive?

A. Only sugars

B. Amino acids and proteins

C. Oils and membrane lipids

D. Calvin cycle intermediates

E. All of the above

Correct

See Section 10.5: How Does Photosynthesis Interact with Other Pathways?

Points Earned: 1/1

Correct Answer: E

Your Response: E

5. Which of the following statements about the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis is false?

A. Chlorophyll appears green because it reflects green light.

B. Most of the chlorophyll in a plant functions to gather light.

C. Chlorophyll is present in all photosynthetic organisms.

D. Most of the chlorophyll in a plant participates in an oxidation/reduction reaction.

E. Chlorophyll contains Mg2+.

Incorrect

See Section 10.2: How Does Photosynthesis Convert Light Energy into Chemical Energy?

Points Earned: 0/1

Correct Answer: D

Your Response: C

6. Reaction center chlorophylls

A. undergo reduction when in the excited state.

B. become oxidized in the dark.

C. are oxidized when in the excited state.

D. have a different structure from most of the antennae chlorophylls.

E. are not involved in electron transport in photosynthesis.

Correct


Points Earned: 1/1

Correct Answer: C

Your Response: C

7. Plants that carry out crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) differ from C4 plants in that

A. they do not contain PEP carboxylase.

B. they do not carry out the Calvin cycle.

C. their stomates are open at night.

D. they do not need ATP for photosynthesis.

E. they do not contain rubisco.

Correct


Points Earned: 1/1

Correct Answer: C

Your Response: C

8. Mesophyll cells of a leaf of a green plant

A. do not contain mitochondria.

B. cannot carry out glycolysis.

C. do not respire.

D. have metabolic pathways that are very similar to those in animal cells, except for

photosynthesis.

E. resemble prokaryotes.

Incorrect

See Section 10.5: How Does Photosynthesis Interact with Other Pathways?

Points Earned: 0/1

Correct Answer: D

Your Response: C

9. In C3 photosynthesis, NADPH is used for the

A. reduction of O2 to water.

B. synthesis of ATP.

C. the regeneration phase of the Calvin cycle.

D. formation of 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PG).

E. reduction of 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PG).

Incorrect


Points Earned: 0/1

Correct Answer: E

Your Response: C

10. Which statement given below best characterizes the properties of a photosystem?

A. A photosystem consists of just antennae pigments.

B. Photosystems do not contain proteins.

C. A photosystem consists of just reaction center chlorophylls.

D. There is only one photosystem in green plants.

E. A photosystem is a complex of pigments, proteins, and a reaction center chlorophyll.

Incorrect


Points Earned: 0/1

Correct Answer: E

Your Response: C

11. In green plant photosynthesis, water is

A. oxidized to oxygen gas (O2) in the light.

B. reduced to hydrogen gas.

C. used to hydrolyze ATP.

D. oxidized to O2 in the dark.

E. an electron acceptor.

Incorrect

See Section 10.1: What Is Photosynthesis?

Points Earned: 0/1

Correct Answer: A

Your Response: C

12. Cyclic electron transport

A. involves photosystem II.

B. results in the formation of NADPH.

C. is coupled to proton uptake into the thylakoid lumen.

D. requires the oxidation of water.

E. does not use the electron transport chain between the two photosystems.

Correct


Points Earned: 1/1

Correct Answer: C

Your Response: C

13. C4 plants have _______ rates of _______ than C3 plants because the ratio of the

concentrations of CO2 to that of O2 is _______ in C4 plants.

A. lower; respiration; higher

B. lower; photorespiration; higher

C. higher; photorespiration; higher

D. lower; photorespiration; lower

E. lower; respiration; lower

Incorrect


Points Earned: 0/1

Correct Answer: B

Your Response: C

14. In addition to driving the synthesis of ATP and the reduction of NADP+ to NADPH, light

stimulates the Calvin cycle by _______ and _______.

A. decreasing the pH of the stroma; reduction of some enzymes

B. increasing the pH of the stroma; reduction of some enzymes

C. increasing the pH of the stroma; oxidation of some enzymes

D. decreasing the pH of the stroma; oxidation of some enzymes


Incorrect


Points Earned: 0/1

Correct Answer: B

Your Response: C

15. The immediate source of energy for ATP synthesis in chloroplasts is

A. electron transport.

B. the electrochemical proton gradient.

C. light.

D. energized chlorophylls.

E. NADPH.

Incorrect


Points Earned: 0/1

Correct Answer: B

Your Response: C

16. The major product of photosynthesis that is exported from the leaves to the rest of the

plant is

A. glucose.

B. amino acids.

C. starch.

D. sucrose.

E. nucleotides.

Incorrect


Points Earned: 0/1

Correct Answer: D

Your Response: C

17. Which of the following statements about the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis

is not correct?

A. The light-independent reactions refer to the pathways by which CO2 is reduced to

carbohydrates.

B. The light-independent reactions take place in the chloroplast stroma.

C. ATP is consumed by light-independent reactions.

D. NADPH is consumed by light-independent reactions.

E. The light-independent reactions operate in the dark.

Incorrect

See Section 10.1: What Is Photosynthesis?

Points Earned: 0/1

Correct Answer: E

Your Response: C

18. The _______ of photosynthesis is similar to the _______ of chlorophylls.

A. action spectrum; fluorescence spectrum

B. absorption spectrum; action spectrum

C. action spectrum; absorption spectrum

D. absorption spectrum; fluorescence spectrum


Correct


Points Earned: 1/1

Correct Answer: C

Your Response: C

19. The ultimate source of energy for ATP synthesis in chloroplasts is

A. electron transport.

B. the electrochemical proton gradient.

C. light.

D. energized chlorophylls.

E. NADPH.

Correct


Points Earned: 1/1

Correct Answer: C

Your Response: C

20. The products of noncyclic electron transport are

A. ATP.

B. NADP+ and ATP.

C. NADPH and ATP.

D. NADPH, O2, and ATP.

E. NADP+, O2, and ATP.

Incorrect


Points Earned: 0/1

Correct Answer: D

Your Response: A

Points Awarded 5

Points Missed 15

Percentage 25%

1. Which of the following statements is (are) inconsistent with the first and second laws of

thermodynamics?

A. Living organisms can produce energy.

B. Chemical energy may be converted to light energy.

C. The total energy of a system is available to do work.

D. Potential energy may be used to do work.

E. Both a and c

Incorrect

See Section 8.1: What Physical Principles Underlie Biological Energy Transformations?

Points Earned: 0/1

VI EW STUDY PLAN

Correct Answer: E

Your Response: A

2. Why is the statement, “ATP produces energy for life,” wrong?

A. It requires energy to make ATP.

B. It is a violation of the second law of thermodynamics.

C. It is a violation of the first law of kinetics.

D. It is a violation of the first law of thermodynamics.

E. Life produces ATP.

Incorrect


Points Earned: 0/1

Correct Answer: D

Your Response: B

3. If ΔG for a reaction is positive, the reaction

A. is spontaneous.

B. could drive an energy-requiring process.

C. is endergonic.

D. would necessarily have a positive ΔH.

E. would proceed quickly.

Correct


Points Earned: 1/1

Correct Answer: C

Your Response: C

4. Entropy

A. is the total energy in a system.

B. tends to decrease the total energy in the universe.

C. when multiplied times the absolute temperature, is the useable energy in a system.

D. is related to the disorder or randomness of a system.

E. is represented in equations by the letter “H.”

Incorrect


Points Earned: 0/1

Correct Answer: D

Your Response: B

5. A competitive inhibitor of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction

A. always interferes with product release.

B. inhibits to the same extent at all substrate concentrations.

C. cannot bind to the active site.

D. binds to an allosteric site.

E. is usually structurally similar to the substrate.

Correct

See Section 8.5: How Are Enzyme Activities Regulated?

Points Earned: 1/1

Correct Answer: E

Your Response: E

6. A reaction that has a negative ΔG

A. is endergonic.

B. necessarily proceeds more rapidly than a reaction with a less negative ΔG.

C. is spontaneous.

D. cannot be used to drive a reaction with a positive ΔG.

E. must have a negative change in enthalpy.

Incorrect


Points Earned: 0/1

Correct Answer: C

Your Response: B

7. An allosteric enzyme

A. usually contains a single polypeptide chain.

B. may show a sigmoid dependence on substrate concentration.

C. is not subject to regulation of its activity.

D. often catalyzes a reaction near the end of a pathway.

E. is normally subject to irreversible inhibition.

Correct


Points Earned: 1/1

Correct Answer: B

Your Response: B

8. In a reaction catalyzed by an enzyme,

A. the enzyme's structure is permanently modified.

B. the rate of the reaction is linearly dependent on the substrate concentration.

C. the enzyme does not affect the equilibrium constant for the reaction.

D. substrate binding is nonspecific.

E. the rate of the reaction would be unaffected by temperature.

Incorrect

See Section 8.4: How Do Enzymes Work?

Points Earned: 0/1

Correct Answer: C

Your Response: B

9. Enzymes

A. may be subject to feedback inhibition.

B. change the value of ΔG for a reaction.

C. always require cofactors.

D. have no effect on the activation energy barrier of a reaction.

E. are permanently changed by the reactions they facilitate.

Incorrect


Points Earned: 0/1

Correct Answer: A

Your Response: B

10. Which of the following parameters determines how far and in what direction a reaction will

proceed?

A. The activation energy

B. ΔG

C. ΔH

D. ΔS

E. T, the absolute temperature

Correct


Points Earned: 1/1

Correct Answer: B

Your Response: B

11. The rate of a reaction catalyzed by an enzyme that has a single polypeptide chain

A. is independent of the substrate concentration.

B. may be increased or decreased by temperature.

C. is always accelerated by increasing the pH.

D. is likely to be inhibited by allosteric effectors.

E. is likely to be activated by allosteric effectors.

Correct


Points Earned: 1/1

Correct Answer: B

Your Response: B

12. Which of the following effectors of enzyme activity is least likely to be of importance in

cells?

A. Allosteric inhibitors

B. Allosteric activators

C. Competitive inhibitors

D. Noncompetitive inhibitors

E. Irreversible inhibitors

Incorrect


Points Earned: 0/1

Correct Answer: E

Your Response: A

13. Which of the following statements about ATP is false?

A. The synthesis of ATP is an endergonic reaction.

B. The hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and Pi is an exergonic reaction.

C. The phosphate bond energy of ATP is used to power catabolic metabolism.

D. ATP is a building block of RNA.

E. The phosphate bond energy of ATP may be transformed into light.

Incorrect

See Section 8.2: What Is the Role of ATP in Biochemical Energetics?

Points Earned: 0/1

Correct Answer: C

Your Response: D

14. The binding of a substrate to an enzyme

A. is always covalent.

B. is irreversible.

C. is nonspecific.

D. may involve hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions.

E. does not induce shape changes in the enzyme.

Incorrect

See Section 8.3: What Are Enzymes?

Points Earned: 0/1

Correct Answer: D

Your Response: E

15. A prosthetic group of an enzyme

A. readily dissociates from the enzyme.

B. is an organic molecule usually made up of amino acids.

C. participates in the reaction catalyzed by the enzyme.

D. is permanently altered by the reaction catalyzed by the enzyme.

E. is made up of cofactors.

Incorrect


Points Earned: 0/1

Correct Answer: C

Your Response: E

16. Suppose the reaction A ↔ B has a large, negative ΔG. In what direction, how far, and how

fast will the reaction proceed?

A. From A to B; at equilibrium mostly B would be present; insufficient information is given

to predict the rate of the reaction

B. From B to A; at equilibrium mostly A would be present; the reaction would be slow

C. From A to B; at equilibrium mostly B would be present; the reaction would be fast

D. From the information given, the direction and how far the reaction would proceed

cannot be determined; the rate of the reaction would be fast

E. From A to B; at equilibrium mostly B would be present; the reaction would be slow

Incorrect


Points Earned: 0/1

Correct Answer: A

Your Response: D

17. A competitive inhibitor of the activity of an enzyme

A. binds to an allosteric site on the enzyme.

B. permanently inhibits the activity of the enzyme.

C. binds to the active site of the enzyme.

D. is a feedback inhibitor.

E. binds to the same extent at all substrate concentrations.

Incorrect


Points Earned: 0/1

Correct Answer: C

Your Response: D

18. An enzyme could increase the rate of a reaction by

A. orienting substrates.

B. inducing strain on the substrate.

C. reacting chemically with the substrate.

D. donating a proton to the substrate.

E. All of the above

Incorrect


Points Earned: 0/1

Correct Answer: E

Your Response: D

19. To be metabolized, glucose must be converted to glucose 6-phosphate. However, at

equilibrium, a mixture of glucose and phosphate at concentrations that exist in cells would

contain little glucose 6-phosphate. How do cells circumvent this problem?

A. An enzyme lowers the activation energy barrier to favor glucose 6-phosphate formation.

B. An enzyme changes the equilibrium constant for the reaction to favor glucose 6-

phosphate formation.

C. ATP, rather than phosphate, is used as the donor of the phosphoryl group, and the

formation of glucose 6-phosphate is endergonic.

D. ATP, not Pi, is used as the donor of the phosphoryl group, and, thus, the formation of

glucose 6-phosphate is exergonic.

E. Phosphate from the hydrolysis of ATP is used to phosphorylate glucose.

See Section 8.2: What Is the Role of ATP in Biochemical Energetics?

Points Earned: 0/1

Correct Answer: D

Your Response:

20. The synthesis of complex molecules is _______, whereas their degradation is _______.

Synthesis occurs with _______ in entropy.

A. endergonic; exergonic; an increase

B. endergonic; exergonic; a decrease

C. exergonic; endergonic; no change

D. exergonic; endergonic; an increase

E. endergonic; exergonic; no change

Incorrect


Points Earned: 0/1

Correct Answer: B

Your Response: C

. How can water, a polar molecule, cross biological membranes rapidly?

A. It is small enough to sneak through the hydrophobic part of the bilayer.

B. The diffusion of water is facilitated by aquaporins.

C. Water is actively pumped across the membrane.

D. Water enters cells together with ions.

E. Both b and d

Incorrect

See Section 6.3: What Are the Passive Processes of Membrane Transport?

Points Earned: 0/1

Correct Answer: E

Your Response: D

2. Osmosis is

A. the diffusion of water across membranes.

B. the active transport of water across membranes.

C. unidirectional diffusion of water across membranes.

D. unaffected by solute concentrations inside cells.

E. an energy-requiring process.

Incorrect


Points Earned: 0/1

Correct Answer: A

Your Response: E

3. Which of the following molecules would diffuse across a phospholipid bilayer fastest? (Assume that

there are no proteins associated with the bilayer.)

A. Water

B. NH4+

C. CH3COO–

D. NH3

E. Na+

Correct


Points Earned: 1/1

Correct Answer: D

Your Response: D

4. The process of cell recognition in animals

A. involves glycolipids.

B. is mediated by the lipid bilayer.

C. involves soluble proteins.

D. is mediated by integral proteins in the plasma membrane.

E. is usually heterotypic.

Correct

See Section 6.2: How Is the Plasma Membrane Involved in Cell Adhesion and Recognition?

Points Earned: 1/1

Correct Answer: D

Your Response: D

5. In facilitated diffusion,

A. molecules may be transported against their concentration gradient.

B. specific integral membrane proteins mediate transport.

C. the rate of transport is independent of the concentration of the molecule transported.

D. ATP is used.

E. endocytosis is involved.

Incorrect


Points Earned: 0/1

Correct Answer: B

Your Response: C

6. Which one of the following is not a function of exocytosis?

A. Neurotransmitter secretion

B. Secretion of digestive enzymes in the pancreas

C. Lysosome formation

D. Secretion of cell wall materials in plants

E. Secretion of waste products

Correct

See Section 6.5: How Do Large Molecules Enter and Leave a Cell?

Points Earned: 1/1

Correct Answer: C

Your Response: C

7. Which of the following statements about membrane proteins is false?

A. Hydrophilic regions of integral membrane proteins are in contact with the interior of the

bilayer.

B. Peripheral membrane proteins may be associated with the phospholipid head groups.

C. Integral membrane proteins can move in the plane of the membrane.

D. Some membrane proteins may have oligosaccharides attached to them.

E. None of the Above

Incorrect

See Section 6.1: What Is the Structure of a Biological Membrane?

Points Earned: 0/1

Correct Answer: A

Your Response: C

8. The sodium–potassium pump (or Na+–K+ pump)

A. is present in endomembranes.

B. is an example of a secondary active transporter.

C. results in the formation of a membrane potential across the plasma membrane.

D. carries out facilitated diffusion.

E. is a symporter.

Correct

See Section 6.4: What Are the Active Processes of Membrane Transport?

Points Earned: 1/1

Correct Answer: C

Your Response: C

9. The plasma membrane maintains a voltage difference across it. This voltage difference

A. is positive on the inside of the cell relative to the outside.

B. does not require energy to generate and maintain.

C. arises because the sodium–potassium pump pumps 2 Na+ in and 3 K+ out during one catalytic

cycle.

D. arises because the sodium–potassium pump pumps 2 K+ in and 3 Na+ out during one catalytic

cycle.

E. arises from secondary active transport.

Incorrect


Points Earned: 0/1

Correct Answer: D

Your Response: C

10. Membranes may

A. be electrically excitable.

B. transform energy.

C. transduce signals.

D. organize chemical reactions.

E. All of the above

Incorrect


Points Earned: 0/1

Correct Answer: E

Your Response: C

11. Phospholipids spontaneously form bilayer structures, but oils form small droplets. Why

can't oils form bilayers?

A. Oils are not as hydrophobic as phospholipids.

B. The fatty acids in oils preclude bilayer formation.

C. Oils are energy reserves of cells.

D. Oils do not have the polar head group that phospholipids have.

E. Oils and water don't mix.

Incorrect


Points Earned: 0/1

Correct Answer: D

Your Response: C

12. Secondary active transport resembles transport by ion channels in that

A. both types of transport can involve the movement of Na+ across the plasma

membrane.

B. both are indirectly linked to the hydrolysis of ATP.

C. both can transport molecules against a concentration/electrical gradient.

D. the same membrane proteins are used for both types of transport.

E. both types of transport resemble facilitated diffusion.

Incorrect


Points Earned: 0/1

Correct Answer: A

Your Response: C

13. Receptor-mediated endocytosis

A. is non-specific.

B. allows small molecules to enter cells.

C. results in the formation of clathrin-coated vesicles.

D. directly involves the Golgi apparatus.

E. is another name for phagocytosis.

Correct


Points Earned: 1/1

Correct Answer: C

Your Response: C

14. The biochemical reactions of biological membranes are carried out by _______ that may be

either in contact with the interior of the bilayer (_______ to the membrane) or arranged on

either side of the bilayer (_______ to the membrane).

A. polysaccharides; intrinsic; exterior

B. proteins; integral; peripheral

C. lipids; integral; attached

D. proteins; peripheral; integral

E. lipids; integral; peripheral

Incorrect


Points Earned: 0/1

Correct Answer: B

Your Response: C

15. A comparison of the properties of the plasma membrane to those of the membrane of

lysosomes would reveal that

A. only the plasma membrane would have a lipid bilayer.

B. the two membranes contain the same proteins.

C. the two membranes have the same lipids.

D. all of the proteins in the two membranes are extrinsic to the membrane.

E. the two membranes have different proteins and lipids.

Incorrect


Points Earned: 0/1

Correct Answer: E

Your Response: C

16. What would happen if a suspension of red blood cells in an isotonic NaCl solution was

suddenly diluted with pure water by a factor of ten?

A. Nothing

B. The cells would lose water and shrink.

C. The cells would swell and lyse (burst).

D. The cells would take up water, but the cell wall would prevent bursting.

E. The cells would pump water out of the cell.

Correct


Points Earned: 1/1

Correct Answer: C

Your Response: C

17. Facilitated diffusion

A. is carried out by proteins that exhibit specificity for the molecules they transport.

B. does not show saturation of the rate of transport at high concentrations of the

molecule transported.

C. is carried out by extrinsic membrane proteins.

D. can transport a molecule against its concentration gradient.

E. is carried out by specific membrane lipids.

Incorrect


Points Earned: 0/1

Correct Answer: A

Your Response: C

18. In addition to the bilayer lipids and proteins, membranes may contain _______ in the form

of _______ and _______.

A. nucleic acids; DNA; RNA

B. carbohydrates; cellulose; starch

C. triglycerides; fats; oils

D. carbohydrates; glycoproteins; glycolipids

E. nucleotides; ATP; GTP

Incorrect


Points Earned: 0/1

Correct Answer: D

Your Response: C

19. The specificity of ion channels for the ions they transport is

A. a result of gating of the channel.

B. independent of the size of the ion.

C. a result of the characteristics of the channel protein.

D. a result of the carbohydrates attached to the channel protein.

E. dependent only on the charge of the ion.

Correct


Points Earned: 1/1

Correct Answer: C

Your Response: C

20. The _______ of animal cells resemble the _______ of plant cells.

A. tight junctions; plasma membrane

B. gap junctions; plasmodesmata

C. desmosomes; plasmodesmata

D. gap junctions; plasma membrane

E. tight junctions; plasmodesmata

Incorrect

See Section 6.2: How Is the Plasma Membrane Involved in Cell Adhesion and Recognition?

Points Earned: 0/1

Correct Answer: B

Your Response: C

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