ENGLISH TEST

Gonoral Guidelines

lhe Enoli6h lert vill !e6r you. alrllry ln lndgGrandlnq Engladh 6r,ud!Ee a.d e.dano Extr, lt empbys .muhlple choie lomat and I tak* l0 nlnut6 to do ihe tstThotsstMp * lwo lolo{ing Ftu:

L Pa.t 1:40 numb€E ot slrudus .n.l Writlon El9e.bo2, Pad 21 60 nunbeE otlrodbuh.y.nd R..dft{ Conp6h.ndd

Ytu tuy cho@ to h€gin wrk on ANY p.n

Fq dcll namb€( yoo may ont.ho@ oN€ En5w. Oiviig m6 tlsn on..mmr alll iot glvs you €ny

Forech numbF, you *i lie l@r p€ibre ansr*, hated (A), (B) (c) aM (D). ch.o$ lololt n, ..dthe. on ydr ansrer she€t, lind lh€ numbd of $e queslon rnd l0l in h. eprF fEl @@ep.nd. b tEletEr ol lhe amMr wu h4e chosei. FiI in tE sp€c6 5o rhal $e l6i.r h.id6 h. cicL c€nnol bF 34n.

o@aoThe queslions s given in . vadety ol difrcu lly levels. You sh@ld ty io ans@. all ol them, as tld6 is NOPEMLTY for lneft.l a.$es

OiE ron! ,or efth pan ol the test w lL be giH at th6 beginning of eeh p.(ll you ind an enor in arry prinl€d it6m ot tlF re.l, lu6t 9!s lh6 anser as best as you c.n .nd 6ntnua.

-2.0.1-

sEcllo ISTRUCTURE AIID IIRIITEII E)(PRESSIOII

Thb $otion is d.s gn.d to m.asuB you abilriy ic @qntze taiOuage flat ts appbpiat€ for .iandardsrilt€. Eiglish The€ : E two l}pes of qu€.tion6 in rhis sectoi, ufth sp..i.t dt@toc tor e€dr tyDe.

DLEctlois: oueslions 1'15 are inohplete enlel* B€n4ih each sht6i6 you ril * talr Nrd3 dphEs6, nad<ed (A), (B), (c), and (D). chGe l]le qe Nrd or ph@ uat b$r 6mpr€L. dE ssaTr\€n, on you aneMr sh..r rlnd tne numb€r ot lh. que.tion and fil in d16 3p!€ that @@sp.rds b dEhn€r ot tlo .ns*r you haE chosen Fill in tE 5pE*.o tEr die retbri.sid€ th€ @t6noth. .g.

F4npt6t sspLlnffio@ao.,.,..a€ found in vi.tlElly every sunty in fE vdnd.

(4 swamF €nd maEh.s wnich(B) Wh.. sMnps and daBhes(c) st mps .nd m.Eh€e(D) Notr thal Mmp€ snd maBh€g

Th. 36nlEn@ shou d rcad, 'Sv.mps .nd maEh* .E lound in vldlally .very 6unry in ih6 mrtd 'Theefoe, rlu ihourd choo* ans@r (c).

Milk is pshudz€d by h€.ting it lor lhiRy minucsat about 63d cenug€de, Epldly c6lhg il and he..... it.t. iampBii !€ b€l6w 10. cendoEd..

oooo

(D)stqins

Th. aeniene shoold G.d, 'Mlrk E p.at lrlad by hMlng rt lor U ldy nin uhs ar Ebour 63. C.ntigEd€lEpidly @ lng ll 4d *lon storing ll515 lomp6Etu6 bdry 1e C.nligFd€.'Th€..toe, you 6hould

N@ begln elk on t'. que6nond.

, w

1, CaMdiai 0e@, _ & wams southemeglons, hn out scrc* th. 6ky in an ordedy V

(B) 6.nnualml96tlon

(0) iheir a.i ual mis Edon

2. tui. foerb so6laln such E potusion of plsntr5nd €njmala _ 0Ey ae @dadly

Fhdhg it difcull _ betwM s @E€r inhw and i. medioin., Raha merged her &!inierslr aid decided io .tudy io@nsic

orchds hare long b&n a pl e essdpon@m6odnY olTh.il.nd,(A) TF.euins erclio b.€uty(B) IrcasuEd ior rheir oxoic beaut(c) They aG t€.Buino ie exotlc beaut(D) Thelr *otic bsuty is much teduBd

3, Th6 b€ll€r lEined lhe dolphins.l And ats,

(A) lh€y willsive a better oedomsne(B) lhe@ wilrb6 a moF .njoyabr.

(C) lhe pe'lbm€nc. will be no@ onjoFbt(o) lhe moE enjoysbb $€ p€dom.i@

5.

3. Most suc@sstul $i€nri6r6 6B theodEb eno@n s@ beyoid th€ bclr and _ abootihe gene€l principlos flar und€di€ rh€m.

Ewry spd.g l@l * rell $ ini.ma[on.lbun.il nek io Keuk€nhoi Gaden in theNethedsnds, _ rts m.gnli6t, colo.tul

Nol unul G€ndfira Mc€4 rh. '€m6

p.in!.r

9. _ tom hamluivito* or bactoda top@id€ immunlt io p€nicutar di@.er.(a) The pelsEtion ot v.@lnes(B) Thal !@h6 a6 pl€p.Ed(c) \e@in6e aB pBparcd(o) h PePd is v5@ine6

10. Th6 Ebility ol co*toys h tE 19F c€nturyE slEer or bEk a coll cdld n€.n

of pimiiv. .rt, E.ched tne aqe ot 76her un(oe depicrions of @ryd.y life on a

(B) did sho b€gin lo paint

{Ntual tor the eady s.nbF in rh€ wlrd w*l,

, w

Doriig lh6 la€l ir .qE, mort ot No h An.d.a€s @6rcd by s wsr bl.ntot ol bei _.ht6s.dtheE dr! firlt at marry pt*. in

{Al nr@ enomusrY hevy F-Eht(B) itiea.enorM.sb drel(c) iE Gishl or d'o .nmoB m.s ot i@(D) ordicb h6 Fisht & eMoust hevy

11.

pmMd6 r liMno for hsll ot lho p.opls ln

14. A l.F bem t6 t.c@ringty u6€d in .urc.fignd in hd6ny _ hishty a@€lE cudnjr B

(B) eh6Mr

15 Aldrdgh fto P6.idst ot ity€nmar hadont cd.e.*l\€ _doio th€ bod€r

(4 $ rhcE M. sfl nghfis(B) butrsl' m6tln.FduDG) no nE@p. otnohhs o@r€d(D) fehuno stillfa6d up

1L l.2004, Chana M @ny _ situ r n€d.lE.e lhd. m.de by h. lJ.S.

,Y)

qj@!qg: ln qu€siions 16-40 e.ch s.niEne h.s iour lnd6diied mds d phles lrle four lnder inedprft of rh. s.rsn4 3ts mft€d (A), (B), (c), snd (D) rdenijry the ooe uhdedin€d md or ph@ u1ar mustbe ch5ng€d n order tor lhe senhnce rD be gEmm.ri*lly 6r€ct Then, on you. .Brer 6he! fnd thenumb.r of nE queslion aid fll in the sp€ce itut co@ponds lo fie lelter ot the ansrer yoo h* chosen.

SspleAnrw.ro't@@

- -TrTh.86nrEn@ should ead. 'Mead. la.ts ae abool ihesame 3Ee as @bin6, butth€y haw h€avi€rbodi€s, shod4lairs, and ronqer bins.'Th.EfoE, you should choo* .n$er (B),

W!€o ae€rrqporls exc*d j!4!9!E a G@ao

The seniene sho! d Ead, 'when ovoEll expo.E dceed imp.lts, a muntry is eld io have a Ladesurpr6."therefore, !!u should chobse ans@r (c).

N beo n Mrk on ihe quesiions.

16 R.oj*tun€-uDs and oilchanoesac moortanlior$eoerto'manceota€r €ss l*lotF ---Er-ne$!!g!y an66 lr e_ 5 €rg r.

17. Fa@d wih @!S!e4 siig oilpi€s and fa[€.ind economios, Euopean Union munld$.G G!4[4c

lne way in h.messind wind enersy.

1S Sc'e.hsb .o€e fiat v i.nin c €n 'edLr

rF.6dsnrv o, @ d6 but nor pl!ye!!4jj! €n*'4 a- -------- B

eE!!!3E!!1 by sEkeho dec ql!!e lucElive phamaeuliGl bosh*s.CD

20. ln a oollllca eleclion, lhe ooliiici8n 5 advedisefr eil on pdde-t me lelevisioi is a qrlcltl laclor tFt

!EEI4ld4 the ourcome of th6 electio. lor l!! candidaie.CD

Surur d ord6 e9!!gEgr! in rhe

renrimes rhe r*r conside€d

polluled a r of Le @uilry 6 .odnem egion

9el9 by in€haiional sEndard.

. w

2r Bud.p€sr 6i€d on bor,t b.nk of rhe Danrbe F'vd 's

hro$ for !I!l spas whtct^ d€w @ler (noM' ---- -F Tror jtslgCiqjEl pbp€d$ rom rrd€rsrcurd rh€ma .pr ns!

throughoul Asi. ree @mplaiiing a!eu!

---- 3 --_-philosoptty a!!! br her chrit i. sril is.

.-.r----a-$€ ; ficulty or t!!!i!q quariied biling ual job appli€iE.

2. fte shipweck ol d and6n sF'p !q!!r 'n

se 'cy

@reB or canada! NodM3l Pa$ase r40 teg6

25 'lhorqf

Eg!@ or ln€m *€ only €.u. arqr4rle4 'r hish sch@ , rhey seE der ohed ,ner fi6t

het €ch other o. @uous at the smo univ.E ly n London.

26. Whped by stoT sirds,lte *ildfi'e @a€d on lhe nounIg,n. ops dlFlw'lh lnalvillages

ron ns slFe 5000 p@ple evac{ralino then homes

27 9eE!9!2005 b 2010 US sha € s* prodLclon s@ an astol+ no.s% a Far, !cl3!y c@drg

23. Not slllllh€ sun's ultEv oi€t Edial on en E€oh h6 Eann's.urfae be@u$ th. doie t.y€r-r -----!-' --'_r

2S Add ng lo rha lEg govemierl cgul.uon people *ho 66 st ll $ind o d .1€rovsTltr no'--F-"..--!-

30. Ooclo6 oI l\s rNrs sl b. sbl. io L* hsrrrr.nG lo. $!et& dnatys s t1.r w. I rtp $em

d,€snG. rh€ dB** noe a.clEt. .nd decid6 .n rts lr.Etnenl- ----- -----_

31 . The ron9e6t oir pip€rin€ in th€ sdd bes lm i4!e o I ietds or BEk in A4'ralan and e!BD!E to th€

$ulh 99ls.E C.yh e*!4ln rukey

32. T.d€y @m p!t.r .xp€ rll .e mr lh+use or advan@d l€rhFotosy l!#e! exper rents ro \ e iruG

@mpuiets Esmdind kl a 6iE6 ot spoks rcdr.

3l k ie vd h.d, f not mD@lue ro oel a tai dunm the rush noLE ol' -F ---r - -t-tenifts

34 a <e tr61ol tie b.d. lnal lv euuwarcs b ums r@iom belo€ snier *gj!, piOsns Ec €ts-F _-_r€ble ro oirrt tleli€lws in th6 sky by @dins tE pcitio ot fle sln sd rh. 3r,B

35 Fd d.e mome.t he srhlladd oi shale gas E al s slsldsrill b€6ue plG hd6 dopp€d ro

o.ly lt&qlE ollts b@n lwels.

36 s€ lous y mlu€d by E!!ei Malala only l'fleen ,€aE old. De*tre the i\4i bot or @L Ese .nd

@.r' chon as a wuns ch5Toion fqhlt! t rhe nqh o .du€rion ror srl gids in P.k sirn----'-]r=

37. For a @r.l @t to oB *€11. it neds wam shallow and- -!

a cl6am43 of *.rds smod stu sill

33 SlElns ol tub@lGls lhal ae esisranl ro. € r tnM Ta dru$ r@nlry slrbed ,n rh€ ctEw€d__- --FslLTs of lndis, .nd €Lsed ser rhm lo. . d€drr oLlb@k o, rh€ otd dises- ----r

39 Urler h€*y pEs$c EE.nm.LnsFis oEanh,ucns. dany zs ffi tr mtomed t om

p $n k€pr.6 &r4i!o!!!e!ts !!die!oq tle r ia&El habilat

40. w@nng tu hab and trimnxd 6bes w th r6p5rd skin, rib€.men nom easleo rbstjoin lh. !9Ig3o!!

dtuals snd isslviiis in lh€ old c ly of Lh* j!_eleqa&ljt the'IbeEn N4Y@r

IqP

sEcloN 2

VOCAAULARYAND REAOING COXFREHENSION

Dhction.: ln lhis s.ction you will @d ereral pasg€, Eaoh Fss€g€ iB follMd by quslions abouriL cno* tu one besr snser, (A), (B), (c), or (o), tor each q@fion. Th€n, on your an6@r sheer findth. iumber ot he qusstion 8nd fll in lh€ d.l th.l mrcBpond6 to lhe leh€r of your .mrer choice.An*r all qu€sbons based on eh5r is sLlEd or lmplied i. rhe pass.ge

R€.d lh. lollowlng p...ago:

A nw h€adng devics s nw Ewil.bi€ for Bome h€. nq impoied p€ople. This d€vi@ u6es anagnet to hold the delachable snd-pr@ssing podjon in plae. Like oh.r aids, ir conved! .oundinlo vlb€rions But it ls ! nlque h lhal it €n tEnsn il 0l. vibEiions drecty io the hagnet, .nd then

!h, io rh€ inn€r.ar This podues a deaer s.d,-lhe iw ddic6 wilt not hel! aIltl hea ng-im pan€d p6p e on y lhos. wilh . henng lc @osed by inl€ction or som. other pDbtem

in lne middl-. ear rt {dn prcbabt help no more than 20 p€rc.nt or an ptrpte with hea.ing prcbtems.ItGe p@pl€, hMv.r, wllo h € pa6i8ieil ear inreuons should fnd rcliet and r*ki6d h€anng

Whal is tho author s main pueos€?

{A) lo de$ b€ a ns cuE tor ear inf*llo.s(B) to i.fom frE r€ads of s ne ddie(C) io u'se docb6 lo use a .w devie(o) b €xpr.in rhe use or a naq.et

The autho. s main pulPo* is to lnlom lhe €ader of atherclore,

'to sh.uld .h@se a.Mr (B).

Th€ Nrd 'cli.f in line 7 man.(A) less distcss

(c) diltaclron

n* devi@ for h.5dng-imDalcd oeoole

oaoo

a@oo)

IlE phEs.1.$ dislB*- B simll.r h nea.ins to'Bl el in Ihis *ntene. Therefo6, you shoutd ch@*

NN begi. with the quslions.

On March 11,2011, a maqiitude 9.0 und€E. eardquake o@r€d 43 miles ot th6 shoE otJap.n Th€ ..dhq u.ke oeneEled a n unexp€cr.dly massive rsu nsmi rhar eashed ovor esI.m Japa nrcughly 30 minur4 rarar, kifing noE thln 15,300 p@pte and tnju ng morelhan6,100. MoE rian

r]B 2 600 p€op 6 .€ Bliil ona@ounl€d fol N*, @mput$ sinu arions by Sianrod soientbb Eveat that(5) sund earea in ih. ocean ptoduoed by the @dnquake pobably E5ch.d taid teis of m nurs ber.e

rhe Glnam r rl corcciy i.terpcl€d, lhoy could have otbEd a samii I that a ta E6 tsu n.m i w4 on the

Although ladous systems en dol€ct undeFea €dhquak.s, lney €r1 Etiabty 16I yhich wil tomalsunamiorpedicrlhesizeofrh€e e TheE ae o@n,bas€d devic.6 ftat en sense a. onomtig

lto) bunami, but hey 9pioally pEvide only . fs mhlte6 of ad€n€ mrning Be€uss th. sound nom aseismlc event will reoh land e€ll b6foE lhe @ler ltsetf, the c@rch@ 3uegest tEl id€ntittng thesprcilE aoousrio signEruE of Eun.mi€eneol i9 eannqu€k$ 6utd l@d io i fasr6F.cting warihgsyslem tor massiv. r6unami3.

The foding ms som€rhing of. surpase. The @nhqu.k.i epiceit r hEd bsn tEced !o theo5) undsMl€r JEpan TEich, . subducuon 2od6 about 40 mil$ ea.t otTohoku, fE nonhe4len 69 on

olJap.nslallerblaid aased on 6x sling knowl€dga of€afiquak$ in this.@, setsnot€isls prztladover shy Ite sdtqrake aplu e p'opag€t.d lrcm fie utergroJlo !.ut .I rE {ay up lo $. e.afoor,c€ar19. rassve Lp*rtu llrsl rlal csutEo ,1 l,re tsJ.aT o're.t ob*to.hois of h€ lark k6*r*, so Errc ouihafr, an a$slanl prcl€$or of geophysiF in rhe sch@torEanh soi.n€a. and

f20J Jercmy Kozdon, . po.ldoclo€l .esearch€. wo*ino with Dunham beg.n usi.g lhs otusr6r otsup€rcompoteE .t sranrod s cenier tor computsrional Eanh and Envi@nmentat scion@ (cEEs) tosimulsre how rh6 lEmoB moved fircugh ths @si .nd o@n.

Ttu Es4rcheE burrt a high,@sLution mod6lth.r in@QohiEd lhe kndn geotog c t€turcs of rh€Jap.n TEnch and u*d cEEs s fruratio.s ro id€nrift posribte eadhqu.ke rupturc hislories @nrotibk

l25J wilh lhe availablo d.ra Relrcaclively, !\e models.@uratety pr€dicled lh€ r.afio.r uptifr seen in lh€eanhqu a ke which is di@tly B at6d to Eu nami Mve heighlE a nd atso s n utated sou nd Mv* tharpEpagated ailhin t1e o@n. ln addidd ro valu.bte iis ohl into lh€ sbmic €vents as th6y tik.t ecuredduing lhe 2011 €.rdquake lhe l@arch€B identiied lhe speiicfaul enditions ne@;ary 6l ruptuEro Bact th€ saa1m, ad ( Ecl€ rdse tsLrrE rr mddare q€n.ited a@L3l c daE:;n lrerisl no

/90) R€l€uon ol fE . n Jraxol @s lhal rsursnE e 1rc sL rbce-breatins a DtuB tite lhe 20 I I €dlo urke:prcdoca higher ampritude o@an a@usijc MVs thai those rtut do nol, rhe modet shMd hN liose$ond MV4 sourd have tErelod rhEugh ihe @ier and indi€t d lhat they reachen shoE 15 !o 20mi.ul€e b€ior€ rhrd r6unaDiDunham and lGzdon pohted olt lhat idenrifying a rElnani signaluG doesnr @nptele Ih€ wrming

135) sysrom. undoR€ld mi@phones €led hydrcphon€. mutd .eed to b6 d€ptoyed on th€ seail@r or onbuoys ro dsl€ci rh€ sig nar sh rch eutd

'len n€€d to be anaty2ed to conf h a threat, both ot ehtch

could be cciy. Polirymake6 euld also need ro wlk w[h sctentstE to s€d. on the deg@ ot en intyn€6d€d b€tm pu ning the d6m tf th€se poinc c.n be Mded o ut, lhou g h, rhe bcnnlq ue coutd hetipd de p@ious minui66 6l an evaouaiion.

41. Whrch ot the lon@ing rculd most tik€ly be lhefrain id€a of IhE .nriB paege?(a) cEEs drhorations illusr..le rhe frmalioi

ol a m.ssive kunami in Japsn.(E) Eanhquake s@6rlcs en hdi@te ta

m*sive lsunami s aboutlo h.ppei{C) O@an-basod ddlc4 ae no ong6r

ieeded tndet€.t und*aa eadhquak6(D) Slantod sci.nl.t3 ihye$igacd why .

gEat lEunami happen€d h Japad in

!2 A(oding to ih€ paEsag. whEh ot rE ro[owingisTRUEabouith€ 2011 eadhquaLe,n l.oan?(A) rt @ured i*r lh€ 3ho€ or Japan.(B) lt happ6n.d in rhe friddte of the n ghl.(C) Mo@ than 20,000 peop e be€nsviclime(o) Nonheh Jap€n r€@iv.d ihe qo*t

, ry-)

Tle@d'th€y in lie 6 rct€6lo

Amding !o lhe passage, which ol !E irfldingls NoT lh€ shoncomlng ol other undeGea

(A) They a6 extrcm€ly expensire and ditiort

(a) They en only g w seveEtminutu otea y

(C) ftey a€ unabre to pEvide lnrom.tionaboul tE si4 oa lh€ e.8..

(D) Th€y ennot a@uEtet prcdict whbneadhqusk4 wlll cau$ tsun.miB.

Th6 word'puzted'in line 16 is ctos.st in

It can b€ infered fiom paEgEph 4 that sound

(A) gsn€E ry rcacn fie shoE €s bst as

(B) do not r@t@I ftrcugh Mter in he o@n(c) w ll be slMr if the unde@ €dhquak€s

(O) give valoab e dala for gvacuation ifanalrz€d .iid !*d *l .

47. Which ol th. lotioetns belt exrc* tneopposite m€ning oa ths mrd .6Fijbte, ll

43. ILe author trdd pEbabty use ot theloll@ing eode io d€$db€ CEES gnut€its

49. Th6 pg.3.g. Mutd pbbabty bs. prn ot an$siqned Eadlig in wfiich ot dE btb{^g

50. Amrding b tne pas$se, *nth ot h€ ioltowis NoT ne€ded b ompteE t€ mmrlg sFbhi(A) inst l menl ol hydEphones on rE *an6(B) a @lhboElion bel*€€n pdiqm.ks and

(C) eady Muaton tr.inrhq t .h€ toel p6!t(D) ana ysis ol6tgnats frm the hydEphon*

, ---td

The 6 dple chick€n's egg hG long been known as . symbo ol n* lif.. Horevei less wen kiownis lhal eggs €n be tuhed inlo incubatoG lo produce a Efi oi oiher molecu *, nclud ng agents to

@mbatiietion.Thehumaninmun.syslemGspoidstoloregnsubstanoesbvp6ducn9anlbodes.riB eh ch a re sDeo alized lroteins ifi tl b nd lo invadin o o196 nisms and tox ns blodk lh,7 actt lv a id ialg€ll5J rh€mfordestuclonbyolh*m.mb€rsofiheimnune nfantry Anl bodi$. $ cncu ate lor e(ended

!6iods n u1e bood, pbvidins ons'lem prcledton agaiist any ol ihe 3.m6 bugs thet miqht irv i0make a com€ baok and molhe G prctgot their otrs p nq by siphon ng ofi $ me ol their own ait bod €sand.ddlng lhem lo the ioeb c;ubton durng fie lafler pan of pregnancv Th6 sameis alsotrueofchickens, 6ul wilh lhe dlfieen6 lhal ihay add lheir anlibodies lo th€ yo ks ol ure eq$ ihev lav.

lto) Thercin ries a rherapeutic oppodunity b.*us6 exposue !J sp€clc vruses or bact6rl. tiggetschicGis lo orcduce anlibodies aqainsl lh€s€ oEan sms. lr a chicken is injecled with s6mp * of iheeme painog€ns, ihis a $ achieves lhe 6ame .fi€.i ln ract, wilhln I u sl a l€w reeks every €99 the

.hickei lays wil @ni, n hig h levels or an(ibdi6 spe fi€ y large(iiq lhose virues o' bacieda Mobvelthese ail bod * €. b€ puit€d from lhe yolks b prcduce what s ahosl antibodies on_lap

lr5) Giving pe'itmed anftod €s to p@de who have b6€n €xposed to a panicular lnr?otio!5 aq€nlhas lmg i6en reognized .s a way ol limiting d sa* Hisbnca y lhe* aitbodies hare bem obLinedfiomho;€sorhunians,brthoeanijbodiesa.erskyandhumananhbodieshave m ted avaiabililvHenc€, chickEn egg aiiib.dies mlght be a valuable add I on io our med ioaL arserr/ Eggs a E plent luland €3rly hafr.sLd. Justto4eggscan prcdu@ as much anlibodv as an enli€ guinea piq Mor€

124 impod.ntly, lhe human lnmune syslem ld€Ecs chlcken anr b.di* much berler lhan.nlibodies frod

rt has b€en almost tveniy y€ars since tle iiFl stldi* uslng egg aitibodv to lrcat v El diseas€ in

animabreG.ubrished Back in 1ss4,. team ot Japan*e sciont sls rNt shNen thal ca ves cou d b.s T cl crereqqan'bodies lr rtp

rrt i-andlJl or;h' zrr ah 'iGErs.Fq

rie Lso oreqq a.,oooes ror rr*r€rs oi5ease r-.rr€rr 'rh umans Sludies a € also cull;.tly u ndeMay to erplorc lhe effer venees of es s_ant bod i* in the

rEaimeni ofthe rnrecijons eused bi tle6aabnrn P*udamnas aetuginosa, drioh has nd €3chedb€ m nplcr€o

'. SeP erbe 20 4

ior be 1g s€neo app'ovclb'y redGlgo'€m 19 oooe-. rnj be@Trs lT r'31€gg anr bodv lo b'rr0) Lsed

'r d'ri€ p€,lae

oveE , il looks llkeythatUie tusl ma nsire€m lhe€peutc egg antibodi* wllmake t inio lha

fid oes or hos piEl phamacies wlhin a Ew y€ars Mosl l ke v ili es€ a.tibodies wi bs us€d agaii st ju sla h i ndr! or ini*tious disease aqenls lo stan wllh, bui ma dv m o€ e$e.imental liars w th ma nv fro epeople n m. ny moG @untr es till s* th s nu m b{ lncrsse sig nif antlv over iha dacades to cone

51 ThE ionNLno aE qu6stions lhat the pa6..g€tdes io addE* DGEPT(A) Why Erc chick€n .gg anl bod as sup,"dor

l(l oiner .nlibodi$?(B) Hd €n chioken €gg yo k-anl bodies be

us€d lo tea( lir€cl on5?(C) Whal.rc the possible dano€6 ol $ing

inf€d on-fighlino chicken €gg

(D) How cloE€ aG re to usinq ch cken egg.nl bodies for hum.i disease

The @rn "ih6il in liie 4 efeE io

(c) nvadhsorsansmsaid!Yin3(B) membe6 oI fle hmun. intanty.

p@ordiig to ure passage which ol lhe ioneingls NoTTRUE.boul anlibodles?(A) They €n be p6ssed on by nolhe6 lrt

(B) They crrcul.ls in $e blood for € rons

(c) Non6 prodoc.d by a.ihab en b€ ille€ted

(D) Th€y are pbdu€d by the body to @unler

54 WichoffEtoll l.gslaiErenr.€b.urohbk n $. Fomra.ag€ph4,lte.bei.tun€dlh.r3tudi6€ges en b€ inbmd trcm lhe p.$age? o. egg adjb.dies(A) n6yacnoeu@tulrorhumEnsdEnnosi (A) con@raie on indins cutss ror w

p€ople @lae. dl*s.(B) Sde.U6b.E notvdy iiiercsied ln usinq (B) haresh4iiic@si.qryprcmiohsBurE.

ihem 10 ourc disea64. (C) are under $delllan@ ot porqmakeG.(C) Aniibod esotJtaln€d |rom lhefr ac (D) haE nMr b..n onduct€d iiAsia.

b.i.f .lal tu tEing chlcken l.aecilo...(D) nFele.limiLdsio.koldrbken.!g.sih 59. ThE.uhofsalllud.br.rdtE0FEp€ulicegE

soitbl€y.lkr.e€dedby..ienlbb. andbodhll.g€.6ElLy(4 imp.tul

5,. Tn6 @d 'inl€cloue' n lln. 15 n6.n! (B) opiimisllc.(A) i6ldiouB. (c) Judemstal.lB) pEeniou' (0) dllinr€E.t d.

(D) @niagiNs. 60. Tn..urhor. purpo$ in vntng lhis pa5sgeiB rb

56. l@oding lo lhe pa$€g., a.ifrals lhal 6n' {A) @nl65l tle antibodle. obiained ltumprcd@ antbodb. br hohans aE hufran6 and tD* lom .nim.ls.(a) hors.nd chrcken., (Bl l^lomrhallh.E.Evsriou.sMiesoi(3) chickensand€rrer inf€ctious di*ase t etn.nl,(c) €lwsandsuindpiss. (c) dNineirat ibodle€.E p.nicul.ry(D) hoB* 8nd guiiea plgs, hporEnlforfghlingdi$as*.

(O) €lucidaE thsl.hicke. eggs €n be

'/. which ol the {ollNing besl expEs66 lh. tuded htJ a reapon lo rE.t dis*.ne.nhg of tF wd 'aenal'ln lin. 13?

#

l! is lhe nal! rc ol youth ro m€ k€ a Eckel Thrs happens reliabty tn Ns Yolk c ity ewry w*kdayb€lwe€n lwo snd lh G. in rhe .nemood when shoot ters out t€en€gets spin onb the s dwa ks aiddssnd below gbund inb ln€ subwal wherc h ing too*ned thelr oifioms aid shed d@rum,

ri,ah6y@upyth6€i are*holtr dg, fliruns, aa uing, €joting chedkhg tn. ch ekiig oul They sing lhe{9 song ot thomsslv$, loudly, iubil.nt t to a dytm thal on y th€y en hear

ti 0ie coding dsys, lh€ !6ds and r#ns ln and arcund the oity willexper ene a s mllarvlsftalion,iion p€riodi€l c ed.s. For 3.v€nleen Faq juvenl es oflhEe species ofthe lenus Magici@da haveb.€n unddgound, 3 pping on r@tels and quiedy gr@ing. When Oe eit€ches lhe dghl tmpe€tuF€4d.gr*eF,me*rEdeighthch6doM-lheywi €merce in.sirrMing nufrbs, frott, ctimb iniD

lto) lh€ tE.s, 5nd, ior lhe emahiig lhree reeks or eo of lhen [ves, sing a. ex6ketstDn,€nlng ohoruB.P€dod el cicad* aE dbtinct tron the sp€c es th.t emeEe .nnuaLty, ii hr l€9r numbe6, .nd singin rs dog dsys ol summ.r ( Ihe€ are seven M5gici€d. spel* ln an, iou I ot which eh€lg€ .re rythin€on y€aE, in ih. Souih.m and Mld@stern sEl€s) The eaaon iq tha tong tife cyct6 is lh€ subFclold€bab, butlh€pointollhedlnlscleaito@ud.ndm.isands.tanInepe odan4

lrg Th. Ecket@me. frcm the males Each sings by rapidlycttckrig a po ioi othis abdom.n n.ndoul, ar one mlght clict and unoliok an empty soda cai. He ate6 ils shape snd p@ lion to msk6 th€lreqJelcl$e.ndtall,a$b.eLsrBaDdone. r roslt r-o o* ir actsampires lhe sout a.d blad€sb {lor some disEre (c@da3 can Gsr aT d$€rg E€ fe.aLdliory organs. so $e,/ donl dealen f enselv$ r Tl-eqLa ty of n6 soig vai€s.ro1g ap* e.

4r sor€ ci.adas in SoL th€.st A.E pbo ue specEc id' y nusirs sorgs. *ifi mo.6 puc br * cor pt€xft ecuenoies and hahoniG ' D5vid Matshan, a ci€da esercher at the U n iv$ity ot Conn 6cfcur, nSrore, lold me. 'The€ aE sm€ thar sound rike bids wheeas ou6 aE mo€ gEring dhough som.make a pleaent syrupy dEne.'

NwYorks s*.cen-y€ar bbod, kn4i to$iedtsls 4 Brcod tt exlends nlm Conn€cri rtoe5lGeQiaandhasbeenemeEingsoulhofhe@lora@upleotw*ksalreadyM€rch.Irasonhsetl

phone, in t.\e pa$enger sBar of. er in E kin, Nonh Carctina, near nre sourhem I m r oflh€ .meE.nejJohn Cooley a @ll€gue was d iving 'Were d dviig arcund vith our wtndore open, tisrening,' M.Eh€ttsaid. The lhee sryenleen-y€r specios .r€h t equany abrrdar, eveDnhe@, and the researcneF aG

--. irir*ied in. anonq otfe' t'ings, c5an19 r€I r€spBctv€ dEr'b,,,, *'ogy

"no ""o'"ton -"'tne pasi len r,eaT Marshall ard h s wite, K.ilty H l, \.v€ r€@ded nostol lho ci€dss ot €astem NorhAmeica, as well as many soulh-resl€n sp€cies, and m.de the sonosawilable on fEn W.b 3ile, in*cldnge6.oom.

"Wete using h€n sound.lo tettus rhch sp€cies a€ pt*nt and gening out @siondlmaking @ €clion s for DNA .eq uen oing ' he said. Sir dyin g pe odi*l ci€das eund€d a lor ik€ a bad

(35) ldp, minus th6 er st r€o. 'Wer6 just drtvinO arcund in Ih e ar a tol p€try much att datl frcm n ine in tEnoning unli th6 sun go* dM,' Macharr eid 'Then u lirl .rash at e cmpsound and havedl.ier Pedodi€l c cadas dont iast .ll th.r ronq when rhey come od: you onry have a rew @eks togalher all lhe iitomalion you can.'

61. Aocoding Io fE Fs3.g€, snat i. NOt trueaboul N4 Yotk Cily youlh?(A) Th€y cEv€ atEnlon aid comp menrs

fiom $en surcundingg(3) Whei tn.y ae tooetE thev tend ro

makB 5 gr@t din{C) lhey lik6 b i n sith on6 €nolhd .nd blk

(D) Th.y le$6 €nd chElt* in . m.nn€r th.tontthey€. undeBia.d,

62. Ao@ding to lhe pasge, whal is the similariiybel'r€en Ns York cll, tee.ageB and

( ) Th.Yb.lh llkebmakenoise.(B) They cEat6 a @mdd yet melodious din.(c) oilyuemaret i both grcup6 make a

(D) Bolh en tt n€d th. r hdadn$ aoainsl

"Y)

Whlch ol lh€ followi.g w.d6 @uld b€stsobsdrutg rhe m.d'a.toniehiig'in line 9?

what ls the pllposo ol he peiodic.l oi€dG

(A) To unl$sh the enercY kept duing

(B) To auGct lh€ oppo3ii. sd ln od$ ip

(c) Io t'ishlen predaloc .nd ksp lhem al

(D) To let othe. cic€d.. knw lhet ex.d

Bel4.B.ha€cbrl6t€s ol p€riodicel

{{ rhey gw b€rw u1e gound bl y€6.(q rh€y go dt on lha srcund in laqe

(c) They 9o out &ry y€r ln rhe sunder io

(D) They die an* about lhGe M.k3 d lh€

whal en be iite@d about Bome cicadas lnSouh€stAsia and lh@ i. N Yod?(A) rh€ fomer stay u.dqlbund loiqer h.n

(B) Botl poduq€ €qually loud and pl.5*nl

(c) Ihe romer mak€ moc derodlo@ and

(o) Nelrh6r ot tho too 3pq:i6s ei sourd llk6a bird.

whlch of fE Md6 bdN h.a lh. oploslt!m.5nii! to tt. Mrd'€bun&.f l. llne 2t?

lr o.n b6 hhrcd lrcm p5EOr6Ph lo0r tEl(A) rhe thF. B€.rche6 aE ln Nonh

C.blin€ b.€use tt ls lhe odgimllooslion of Pe odi€lch€d.s.

(B) Ma6hall,H and coolBy h* benlollowi.g lhe life ot pedodlGl cixd.sfor mor€ lhan a d@de.

(c) lhe sole po$o6e or lh€ €s4oh rs lomap lh€ dislributions ol pel'odielciedss in NorthAnen€.

(D) t16 @s€rcheE hav€ ben t-ellnosoulh of New Yolk to lndeEiand tEpenodic6l cicadas betei

Wtl which oi lhe tollowing sLiehenL wld(A) Pedodi€lcic€d6s slay undeE@nd ror

fii@n )€aE b6loe lhey .Gn mstino.(B) R€sur5r non-pedodhrl cicad.s spp€.

snruart and Prcdu@ t'6n songs in lhe

(c) soul,h4er AsiE cl€das €n .l.o b€ foundhib.maling i. N4Yo in lhe *htei

(o). Nw Yo'k penodiel ci*das nakeset r 6nd froe svrupv sonss lhsn

A@ding lo the psagq *lly do irsGhallgid his spou* coll.cl €rious cl€da.

(4 To rdedffy and m€p rhe p@ce ot .

(c)

To pucoe a hobby .nd io sh@

To idonli! cicadal DNAlhEugh he

To anang. d1os so.gs lor difibEnl

(B)

(o)

t,

qu6rbn. 7i - 30

wilhoJl a .onnon taFSUaSe b sp€k. $ Ardlel rc noi. a Fan Nutd b€ mo€ chsdu.Mu hr5 dog br coroarr th.n k$ . Io3igier' l-or e'!ht y*6epilEd ir arsral >lalr 200r d'dl.evenTvefial 12002 hF @3 GGooded d cuanrAn.m.

rmr rh€rc t. d'd no trd tre r'.q iae r€n(ae tnqt'sF and Arab'c % .I rhe htr re h€d i; h;sr5i 4 mal* evea day ]. nidhl a5 well h.ve b*n l sorcry ollnemd r und hs Greasc, ir 2or0 tE. ir lhe Mds orP.r. Jal Honissoe's. d p'o,essor.t aw ar rha LFfreENot san rran.,;."'alotia*aolvor.q'Fr".yTorn 19 sr4ra lodr on,sqb..q h€am,etoj hhhd $n$m;

orroleliness P's on, ^op 's

s'Br€s? tcreo, cnd rhen tr[ oeier.sLTal@' 1F"nvwavs.s'nptyLntJLry Fespo.eata19u.9€harwasrat Gurnrbr€mo(0J rhe €np had orv r. L/be. .DeyeE m.Mero6eons.tin H6*aedo,bre€hryeaEnor

be@LF \ewas daTetu ao' lbe( uzber,.En @L6a@dnim6 a G Drllnamo deooddp irneT 6ry

'ar ?q/i'edroro?Fir rrit. rulon ere4 io b;hm l

14 tuct. Lr s ir.o.e4.a,qo ardd 1 T I oahea iee*ein*h;$ltr ar uzbek FreTFb' aro dl n.ercgaD'. ther hp qas deflod Tasas ro tdm Eno rn.n;I'), AEbic,b€GLsArhedeFrtolLFrE

'as c po cy as. i{ he'D ! lre oc$red-dase!6;€6 ne6

ommuni€le wirh one another

. Depiving a p, sor.r oi tirqjsu( .omoany ca @ a sDales/ [ el ,.c,eas.. p$one,!@p€nd.n@oncr Ierogalo, nal.fqfTrorcxtetyrrE\ or4cd1pTrentD1$netsftom;6ani,iftEsisEnc. vots typ( alr/ (Es t+e sLTars aE drrotuncle Mseqlenes J porn, ao or:nsurcj

"owhdd,rtFeELse,holqsoaga":esth'soaper,-r'orerraseaorvori.sieooruraifldnrrerl["o19\ti.grisb, etaror5cta€eylhes€m6a3h6ev€t*kano@. mdn€d m ;@^t'olsrr.bqrcto1@.lrareo'rnnkcleanvcontsbnobs63ir'eoera"ore;ats;od,ande{s

'ghourd be recoqnized 6s a dElncrHodigsbe4 %s surp dsed ro I nd tide onsided on of rhe ssue ol ting u sr . isotadon tn the

losal F€'L? dnorrr€F'oE cb lrM;kioa,€tinoudcn;ii.olit'y6f .efsI Pe dps(!1oLobee,pe.Fo.hore\src'ua $tiaa.dn'mmsi6lohi/tor ESulared ir lteU S

..d ls ra.gery tefi lo the d,ac6nor of th€ peopteDhd ton pisna aidjaits. - -sL€ori6 nqfr sar d ol priso.e.r cal c'hp., tedm u€ anqJaqe o-f

nmar€s h,brr uiddrhec',recorlEtacro,tsqo,,bd€E pndolr al. rcqlred r; ls(f rnqnsh lo

". or6!.euwrddtsp€r, BJtr mit'llryja'ts, mtrsDiond.i,e o^a.renlromryserorai,r,resr$, msle%ls rd lFarhg alslas.s c'e raEnab! A rtu orisor€F 14 overcotre FiAe obsLc es

toL€tvia w\.ehegelsb/''lf .Bndne' 19of RL*.n Fehasr.raqedbp,naroqque firoM*.nd oet naiiied.)

71. lXeroll*ing shlmenis aboul sunnal aG rue,

(a) He.hacd nocommon ranouaqesith his

(B) He M. twenV nve wfen he was rcteased

(C) H6 w* impisoned because he was idu.d

(D) Few p€opro sFeak his ranquaqe inclaiunamopisn

72 fte aurhorg purpose in wt nq rhrs psese rg

(a) demonsrEc lbe physi*t€nd emolionatcruetrylhat happened n G@denamo.

(B) shsthe hahtu cons€quencs or $l'raryinprisonmenlhrcuoh nau'st'c sohion

(c) ten aboul fle onrodunale oxpedence otsunnatduing his @nin6m€ntin

(o) cr iciz€ $e cdme controtAdt ot 1990,wh ch does not poiect rhe ghts ot aI

,#

which of the lollowing stst€me.ts about

lA) lt is aled.ElpdM Lal ls rui bylhe unit€d

(s) It pwidea English lNns to inm.bs *hodo nol 3P66k lhe la.glag€

(C) Mosl prisoneE in lhis place speak €ilher

lD) Thdshoul 'le

hrsiory, ir h€s onry h5d sqinm.tes trcm UzbokisLi

Which of lh€ mrds beLow has tE opposihmeanlng io lhe sord "inno.€ncd line 13?

a€ld a6 rhe side efie.ts of linsoislic

{A) dlfiiouty in tocusin! one s frhd(B) s..ing or h4ing lhings {htch .€ not

(c) tunuG to resist lhe u€6 hat m4 ham

(D) dcs v€ suspc'ousnessanddlsltusdu nessdro(neE

A.@rdhq lo th€ pa$qe, linguislio ls.lalionis all ot lhe fttrlding ExcEPl(A) lt @n b€ leg8lly used lo pacrt a pn.on€r

(B) lt s a slraiegy designed lo exlEolinfomaton fiom priDneb

{c) lt en be a l*hn que ld hcr€53 5

(D) n is ft€ acl ol $pa€dng a d€Eine lromsoeak.G of lhe sane r.mlaqe

which ol dD lorrNing rcds @ld best$lstitute lhe vod'seqr.gation' in lino 30?(A) Rgnunchuon(r) Abn.galion

rn. md {d!*EIi6n" in lha 31 tour could b€stle Epl.c€d by$hich oftheloll ing?

It en be inlercd lrcm oaFqEPh l5vs tEt

(A) are Fils oi rhe bddEl p'ison sysiem on

(B) op€raiE cLo*ly Mh immLg6lion detenton

{C) do nor haw b adherc to tE CrimoconirclActot1999,

(D) do not F.ssess ieures nedod for

w tl whlch of fE followi.g stalemenb edldfic aulhor pbbab y sgce?( ) Soliary @ninement though lingoislic

l.olalion h$ many neqaiE impacls.(B) Denyhg pnsnersrhe dohl to

(c) Linguislc isol.lion has b*. egulated bythlU.Sl 6ln€1990.

(o) Th.rc h.E b.en ioo nany AEb ldsn€Fin lh€ U.S pd$n syst im.

73,

lnhlslnaoguEraddr*in1949Ha./ys.ItumansaidtEl'moEthanhafthepeopleinth€M daG riving rn condrtion6 app@achJnq miEery For lhe fcr rime in hislory homan t pos€ss ihak ledge and .ki I b €1i4. tha sltfeinq ol lho.e pftple." ll has l5k€n m uch onger $an Truman

r]ia hop€d. bui lhe sor d hae l.iely b*n m.kinq erlEodinary prcgEs in ming pepre oul ol enEms(5J pow.l, B.hr*n 1990 and 201 0, Uen nu m ber tb by harf as a shaE ol rh€ rota poporalioi in dewtoping

@u.he. fon 43% to 2196+ cduclion ot a frost 1 billion psplo.N@ $e mnd h.s . *nous ch.nce b r.deem lruman s pledge b m $e Eaet fonunate. oftho 7

blllion peple .l w oi lne planel 1 1 billlon .u bs rtl bere lt e inteh.lion5lly .4epled ei.enepovenyline ot US$1.25 a day. Stanidg this week aid @ntiruing over th€ nsn year or so, politicians and

tro) otfclars ron qdemnenb and iniemalioi6r 6qenoies Mll meer ro dd up a n4 Ist or ta4eb loedaelheM ennrom Daveropm€nr coare (MDG.), whic, rere ser in s.plgmber 2000 aid rypt6 i.201 5 Govemnenlo 3hoold adopi ae lhen main n4 q@l lh e aim ot reducing by . norher br I on thenunber of peopre rn erlreme poveny by 2030.

Nobody in lhe developed mdd cones €noiet dN lo rhe pd€ny Ewl rhat ust1.25 a &yat9 €p@.ts. Ameaca 6 powly line ls US$63 a day for a tamily of four ln rhe ichq pans ofthe smeeing

mr d US$4 a day G lhe pov€d b6rier aul pdedy s s6urg€ is Jt€@a bd@ US$1.25. P.opl. bd@fEr l*l live lives thal ac poor nast, brulish E.rd shorl Th ey Lack nol just €duo6t on, h.a th €8,prcper clorhing and she lei whioh most people ln most of rh. rc d Lke loi g €nted, but d€n €nougriiood ior physicar and menial hearth, Raisihg people abore rhsr l€ver ofwetchedness is nol s sufficiont

120) anblton io. a prcspercos planet, but ll is a necFery onePowl, 6ie5 sia.ied to @l aps t@ads lhe eid ot rhe 20th enrury raryely be€u$ d8v€lop ng-

@u nhy qrcwlh a6eleEied, lron an a@rage an.ua €le of 4.3% in 1 960,2000 Iro 6% in 2000- 1 0.A.ound twelhirds ofp.venyrcduolionwlhin a@unlrycom€s tom OrcMh G€alerequatiry atso h€tps,connibuting Ure olher lhnd. Chine is @sponsible lbr ihree{uaneE oflhe qlob€l achieven€nt in pov€ny

{?t Gduct.n. li. emnomy ha6 been qr@ins so tast lnali even thoush in.quan! s dsi.o fa$, encmgpov.ny E disapp.€dng. china pon.d 630 mrLrron p.opre our ol misery in 1s31-2010 and @duced E6nr€m€-pov€ny rst€ lrom 34% in 1930 to 10% now

Thqt is one @en why it wi b6 hadd to t k. a birrion moe p&pte oul of enEme p.veny in lheien 20 rea6 bai it ms lo lake almosl a billion our in rh. past 20. FooGr govehan€ in tndia and

ls) Afi€, the iext &! largeE, n€ns lhal china s 6xp. 6nce s unLikely b be swifrly r€,ti€led theeAn.$er r4soi is rhat the baG aohi*menr of pulling p€opre over lhe us$1 2ta-day line has beenEr.rivery easy in Ihe p6r t4 yea6 be€use so many p€opl€ wa€ jusi be tu it. when sEMh m5ke6rhom €ven 3lighlry b€ter oll ll hauls lhen over the line. wirh f€rer peop e lust bd* lhe oticiat misdrylimlr it wlll be moe diff4rt !r ,osh larce iunbeF rye. ir.

a35l lfd€veoping@ntioBm.lntsnrhelmpesireglo htheyhswman.g€dshe2OOO:itthepercst@u nfi* 5 E not lefr b€hind by hslel{ bwing mldd e-hcode ones €nd ll in€qu altly de. n ot fide n so]at l.he ich l.p u p al the c@ m of gb*lh---lhen developi.g countdss MUld cut e{€me poverly trom

16%oithetpopulationsndlo3%by2030.ThatMurdEduetfeabsotut€numbeBbylbilion.Thatis a lol ot ifs. Bul making tDs6 rhings happ€n is not as d lrtcutt as ryniG prcf*. Th€ er d na knds

31. Why d* ho aulhor op6i lh€ Fss.g€ vith aquoEtion f6m Narry S Truman?{a) Io idtoduoe readeG to rh€ ropic of the

€) To shaE Trum.n s vl3ron io eEdicatedleme pderty.

(C) To ho p BEd.E undeGland MllenniumDeve op6.nl Go.ls

(D) To sholEs. rh€ bl niant ida of lhelomd U S PEsidenl Harry S.

32. ,s.ording to the p$s.96 rh€ followr.q3Et.menl6 about en@me pd€rly .r€ lru.

(A) Arouid 15% ot rh.ro d'6populaUonswwith lesslhan USl1.25a day.

(B) Wrhin rwo d€€d60. the m dhsdecrcased lh6 Et. of e{rene povenybymoBrhan 2o%.

(C) Exlene pd€.ry b .lmmr ionaidenr ind€v€loplno @untries.

(D) lt i5 extbm€ly h.rd b rive wtu. an in@m.of l€ssihanus$1.25aday 1

lio Mrd \hich' in line 11 Gf.B ro

(O) Mlllonniun D*elopmonl G@ls

WheE in tF la.sace dc tle aulhordesdb€ dto liv* l€d by peoPe rthg in

A@rding to fle P*sagq red@hq 6{.6@!e.ty in the ien $. d@d6 i! 9oln9 io be

(a) lhe mnd s Mnomy hd nol bMg@ing :s ldsr a5 in F p€ri t6

{3) lneE ae ld@ p@pre ltp llE JGr onderlhe exlere powny lhe.

{C) lh6 d€veloping mdd d@. ml hffi lheesou@E i€€d.d to b.lt6 qtr€m.

(O) lidia and ddn6 and Alri€ hawa@uitable g*omenL.

Ille md 'fiere' i. llie 16 60ld best b.Edaed by which otrhe folr ins?

37, Aceding lo iF passgo, chin.(A) hss .n impoia.t Ft. in reducins [€ Ete

ot exlEme poveny ii tls mdd.(B) n€€ds io tur01r lnprde its eftlE b

dalic5l€ .xtreme !@t in tlo

(c) ha6 had. su@33tu1.fiottg io Fdueexteme ln@m6 ii6qElity.

(D) hss tak€n rcE rna. one mittion pe.9t.od ot enEhe poreny in le.s dr.n a

Sa. nE ioll4jig ae questioN tt.r dp p€.egrtr* !o ansr FxcEPT(A) Why ha. china been s!@isturii

cduqng $e Ele ol exb6ft p@dy in

(B) when do6. t'e wdd! enEme pdeny.als sErr b d*Eas. sb^rficanult

(C) wnat b the powny Ele ror. €mit ol lborin rhe Unted siat* otAh6ri€?

(D) Who b rhe p.co hat insotr.s the rbrtdto $r MilL€nnium Development coatst

e,9. Which ol dE @rds below h* the oplosit€me.nins lo $e lold 'mised . line 33?

90, lhe allhorc afiilude lMd Bmidsgo.lioEdu€ p@rty rs geneEl y

,, tP

A number of studi* have evea ed rhat wh.n re sutrer fom edain psych. ooicat a tmenls-lone in*s, $ciarisoraion, serf-doubl n€$fv6 mod, and tle tb€ting rhal tre is meaiingtesH@G gi.* n acl as a coping me.naiish. Suoh ailm€nls cm €lse lhe mind ro sin $ bugh ls €che ot msmod*,

U6 summoningupfDsewlthapani@lanar€li€sign.lue ReseaEheGanalyzedhundedsofnostegic15] Munls andioLndthallheyrypsy,batrGd,atr'tycrdreros,.

T\e @nc oarl d6cnb q9 ll-e memo-y w.s drd .lr,cv! tl-e prohgoqeiedlly one ol r€dedption: €l fiGt, condlt ons may have seemen gim o. hopetess. b'n eventua ythi.gs @re lw wd in s lswEbl. anding. Thbugh nosta gia, the.es€archeG ctaihed, ve bdng baoklo lhe suds@ eMdoncs of p6sl triumphs and crce retationships, tmes when our tiv€s re I sate and

To illumiruts nostalgk's rc|. * an emotonai bufie'i Ctay Rourtedge, a psycho ogisr and idslatgiaGearcnerat Nodh oakob srais uniy66iry, .nd other €*arche€ an€mpted k) d€sr.b llE r,5e r subjectss€nse of sef. PanicipsnE t@k t$ls rhat courd be orrecljvery cha@ler zed as psycho ogtca y dabolijarparorT19ralh n Drbli eadrcaressayd6'gnedlop!r'oree)srert,a.ngsrardDargrodhcl

rrt) daramtrB01.p.M1.xrysua.y d'caGd -eyrcidr'keryeidLpabrandrrrdveo rrsonsolth€ €xpenments, tle .ubjecls who had been made lo feol insign ri€nl or desl ned tor zbandonmentGponed iee rnq 3 qnifi€dry more nosta sio lhan rhose who had n t h olher srud €s part c panrs reeprcm pr6d io €vok€ a nGtBqid memory befoE or ju{ aner hav n9 lhen sense or sell assa ed. Thasubj€.ls eho indug€d in a nGtargic.eminisoenoe Gpoded f.e ins sisn tjcantv tess srr€ssed, l*s

120) d€tonsi€ 3 nd mor. sociarry 6u ppoted and oontenl lhan rheft non hosiatgic ddu nterparlsTh.t nosi.lgi5 drd be a su@ ot menkt resitien@ .nd morivation diGct y chaLtenges etuin

criiics nodon of fie senljment as p6Errzing, a hadinger of cuitu Bt stagnation , lr is exacity rh€ opposlie,,

consbnliie sedlkldes, a psycholog sr and nogr.lgia exp€d at rhe uniyersv of sou$ampron sard."wh en you becone n6raEic, you don r b€@me pa sr-orienled You Mil b 90 oul rher6 a nd do thing 6.'

r25) lf !1e€ ls a p6ier popu laton for noshls ia's self-Eg ulalo ry efrect3, t is ch na s rsreighris @h or a3rhenatonsirctg€na€ijonofonryohildren {hina insriruted its on*htd poucy n1979-rho Dosr-€ighi$ a re p €d spGed to loi e he65. Ihey oame ot ag€ in tand€m with china s irrnsiron ro a rc€m.6t-b$€d6conomy,.lareturslrokeortiminsthoughlhichrh6yrereeolisledasinvotunEryr,€ lb *€rc, task.d eirh delinrno wnal it freans !o be b.ih mod€m and chin*e wh e then paGnrs

130) E€ v€d sL16{ppo nt€d faclory iob6 and oovemme nlsu bsidized hous ns rh ey were enduGoed tDpuEU. rh. r dE.m3 .m d3t . lructuar nq 3@rar sl4cture ujlh fw detined paths

Nw in lh6n lal€ nr.nri* or eny thinjes, the post+ishties arc qtng lo navigate a desotaie jobmarket otten es fE solo lin€ncial pdideB for borh the r dhirdrcn and lhe r parenrs (as is chin. tcusrdfr ) lianylefr drenrudhomelomsforlhomorcprcspebGcitlesonlybfacvicbus@mpetition

t35t it s@rce wh te{olld jobs. To vle lor s@rl promolio ns, lh.y m* eleven-hod r days and ensase inbrulalollice politcs. ?dd to allolthis udan owrcwding, unpreced€nlad pollutlon anda bamse offediaiely scandals and lhe r6!(ii9 stess presenis an onslaught ol nosla gia s known psychotoqioatliogeE. xinyue zhou, a psydloldgist at sun Yatsen unlveG'ly in Gugngzhou whos. esea(h hasdemonstEled nosb gla's abil ly !o bolster a sense of $oial @nn6ct6dn€ss 6mon9 a diveGe crcss,

rrol seclld. or c l^ inese cilte $ said, 'The u 1@nair ty rhe lacl ol @rrbl d€r or r've s . mosr u tea'ablero lr^e po-r+ig\tcs s *e r-ave lo s

91 What is the ma n ido5 of lh€ pa*ag.?(A) Noslagia idpedes developdent and

ceai* cuhnar.tagnadon.(B) Research has sh n $dnsLlsia s.n

hdulqence lor the teeble hinded.(c) Th€r. aG a va'iety or reasons whlch

make noslalsia benet c:l to humans.(D) \Er ous structoE chansestrsseEda

*nse of lonellness in post4ighlios

92. Accodrng lo lhe pqssage, the ibllow ngsLtsm€nG about no6iarqia are lrue EXcEPT(A) Peoele lend lo be moE noslalsic when

lhey pefteive thenselves as

G) When peop e arc rem niscing, ineyalMys see thefrserves as Lbe vi lains

(C) When people ae noslalsio,lt d@s notnecesedly m€an that tMy a€

(D) Nosi6lsia can crear€ . snse or ods andsahty in peop € with @d. npsycholq a al me.ls.

:2.0.t,

03. Which of lh€ fol owlng rcdB could b€6t

WEI ia lh6 inding of Rouu€dg€ and@lle.gu.s study on ncralgia?(A) N.sr€lgio Bminisceice willonly bdng

Dosifve erfecG on oe aldcs.(s) People who und.4odaboli-l

6xp€nsn@ tend to leel l.slon fert(C) Peop e qho ree abandoned as ch ldcn

lend io avold Bmin *ing lheir

(D) Subj.clsdo ndurg€d ii n6rar9i.€laimed lo reel berbr than $M who

96. A.@dlns i! lhe passaqe, sediklde. bdi.@

(A) Nostalqia could n.var b€ € $urc. of@mtod and moliv:lion lor many

(B) Pmpre who ar€ nsralgi. do noi lhiik fr.llhc past is beftr than $e nil06

lq rhe hability ro go out and to be.cliv. isrh€ 3id€ .fi€.r of nGhlgia

(D) NosLlgia @uld cause me alpaElysls r.

17. !4/fiy.e the Chln6$ !e.ob lno EE boh.fhr 1973 suscepible id ronerin*?( ) B.€G.ln.y ftE b.m witblt a,'y

brcth.E .nd sisteE.(B) Be€use t'6y hav€ lo @mpst

!.r@busly tor a bethr lMno 6ndtirn.(C) g.euse lhey ae rapon.lde ror lne

p@p.rily .nd hsld1 ot lh€ir prEnE.(D) Be!* Sr.y he to slruggle for $.n

dr€6s adid the ch@tic arrucllFr

or. wtl which ol lhe loll@ing alaiemenb muldfE .ulhor prcb.bly .grs?(A) china s post-eighiies cohod is a[

.x@ll6nt example of e qe.e€tion itutb.n.fLls from n6hl9ia.

(a) zhou beri46 thal p*l4ighli6s chl|@ae noslaErc b-aue th€y .ro s*kinqcon$lation ibr then srcsslul

(o rt r. no ronqer 6 chinse coerom ror lnoord€st child in . f.m y ro tak6 eBof

(D) rr is re atilet easy for china s posGeighriEs cohort ro ind whit€ @rlar jobs

SO. Wich ol ih. mds below has ih€ oppGilom..n ing lo lh o wod 'vicious in lne 3,1?

ioo.The@d'sie n li.e 35 could be.t ber.pr.{d by which ol !1€ iorldins?

16. A.@lding Io lhe passase, China s p6l-

(A) aB nM in lh€ir fod es and fifiies.(B) aE seltul$iplined and hLohly mol[ai.d.(C) ae frosuy llvhg oubide tl.ir hom.towns(Dl a@ di.@uEoad lrom lucuins thoir

w