Bellwork: Wednesday 2/22/2012
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Transcript of Bellwork: Wednesday 2/22/2012
Element Symbol # of protons
# of neutrons
# of electron
Atomic # Mass #
Oxygen 8 8 16
Silicon Si 14 14 28
Aluminum Al 14 13 13
Iron 26 56
Ca 20 20 40
BELLWORK: WEDNESDAY 2/22/20121- Turn in Pink Bellwork and get a NEW BLUE Bellwork!
2- Complete the table without looking at a periodic table.
8 81414
13 2726 30 26
20 20Fe
O
Calcium
Not exactly what I would call ‘good’No retakes, redo’s, or correctionsBUT….
Is there anything YOU could have done as a student to help prepare you for the quiz?
Is there anything I could have done as a teacher to help prepare you for the quiz?
Turn in Packet 9. I will be recording grades and passing them back.
QUIZ RESULTS
CYOPT- Create Your Own Periodic Table…
…as well as labeling and taking notes on each group of elements
CYOPT- STRUCTURE OF THE ATOM
ProtonPositively Charged
Inside the Nucleus
Valence Electron Negatively Charged
Outside the Nucleus; in the outside shellElectron
Negatively Charged
Outside the Nucleus
NeutronNeutrally Charged
Inside the Nucleus
Charge of atom:
Neutral
Charge of nucleus: Positive
Each square of the Periodic Table usually includes the element’s name, atomic number, chemical symbol, and atomic mass.
READING THE PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS
Element’s Name
Atomic Number
Chemical (Atomic) Symbol
Atomic Mass
NOTE: They can be organized different ways. What is an easy way to tell the difference between the
atomic mass and the atomic number??
READING THE PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS
Atomic Mass = # of protons + # of neutrons
Atomic Number = # of protons
Organized by increasing atomic number
Valence Electrons[Sketch Table ]
An element’s properties can be predicted from its location in the periodic table
Group/Family = column (up/down)# of valence electrons
Period = row (left to right)# of orbitals/shells
CYOPT- READING
THE PERIODIC
TABLEGroup
# Valence Electron
s1 12 213 314 415 516 617 718 8
Fill in the Key at the top for Carbon Follow my example on the board
Begin filling in the atomic symbol, atomic mass, and atomic number for the elements in BIG white PT—be sure to use the same order as the key!
If you didn’t finish the Life Science Vocab in CRT Packet, then it is homework! If you need a book to take home, you may check one out after school.
CREATE-YOUR-OWN (CYO) PERIODIC TABLE (PT)
Periodic Table Crossword Puzzles Packet 9, Page 18 and 19 Do your best from what you know, and use the
periodic table and process of elimination to figure out the rest!
Oh….and it’s extra credit!
Fill in the Key at the top for Carbon Follow my example on the board
Begin filling in the atomic symbol, atomic mass, and atomic number for the elements in BIG white PT—be sure to use the same order as the key!
If you didn’t finish the Life Science Vocab in CRT Packet, then it is homework! If you need a book to take home, you may check one out after school.
CREATE-YOUR-OWN (CYO) PERIODIC TABLE (PT)
Periodic Table Crossword Puzzles Packet 9, Page 18 and 19 Do your best from what you know, and use the
periodic table and process of elimination to figure out the rest!
Element Symbol # of protons
# of neutrons
# of electro
nAtomic
#Mass
#
Sodium 12 11
Cu 29 35 29
Mg 12 24
Au 79 197
Silver 61 47
BELLWORK: THURSDAY 2/23/2012
11 2329 64
12118 79
47
11
12 1279
47 108Gold
Copper
Magnesium
Na
Ag
Complete the table without looking at a periodic table.
Almost 75% of all elements are classified as metals
Physical properties of metals:1. hardness 2. luster (shininess)3. malleability (can be
pounded or rolled into shapes or flat sheets)
4. ductility (can be pulled out or drawn into wires)
5. Conductors (transmit heat and electricity easily)
6. Magnetic (attracted to magnets) ex. iron (Fe), cobalt
(Co), and nickel (Ni)7. Most metals are
solids at room temperature (high melting point) Exception: Mercury
(Hg)--liquid at room temperature
METALSCYOPT – Write in
the “Metals” Section
GROUP 1: ALKALI METALS
1
Group 11 valence electron
which it readily loses to become a cation
Extremely reactive – NEVER found alone in nature
Only found in compounds, combined with other elements
Reacts violently with water to produce explosions
Causes skin burns if you come into contact with it
Physical Properties: Soft- can be cut with a
plastic knife Shiny Lightweight Good conductors of
electricity and heat Low melting points Tarnishes rapidly
GROUP 1: ALKALI METALS
BELLWORK FRIDAY: 2/24/12
GROUP 2: ALKALINE EARTH METALS
2
Group 22 valence
electrons 2nd most
reactive group of elements in the periodic table
Chemically bond very easily by giving away 2 electrons
Physical Properties:Fairly hardbright whitegood conductors of electricity
high melting pointshigh densities
Why called Alkaline? When mixed in solutions =pH greater than 7Those pH levels are defined as 'basic' or 'alkaline' solutions
GROUP 2: ALKALINE EARTH METALS
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
GROUPS 3-12: TRANSITION METALS
Groups 3-12Largest group of
elementsMost commonly found
elementsFollows NO rules when
finding valence electrons
Use the two outermost shells/orbitals to bond with other elements Most elements only use
the valence shell
Physical Properties: Most are hard and shiny All are good conductors
of heat & electricity Are fairly stable,
reacting slowly or not at all with air and water
Most have very high melting and boiling points
Most dissolve in acids (except Gold!)
Most have luster
GROUPS 3-12: TRANSITION METALS
Name Symbol Atomic #
H 1Helium 2
Li 3Be 4
Boron 56
N 7Oxygen 8
F 9Ne 10
Sodium 11Mg 12
Aluminum
13
Silicon 14P 15
Sulfur S 16
Name Symbol Atomic #17
Ar 1819
Ca 20Fe 26Ni 28Cu 28
Zinc 30Bromine 35
Ag 47Tin 50
I 53Gold 79
Hg 80Lead 82
92
ELEMENT REVIEW TIME!
Name Symbol Atomic #
Hydrogen H 1Helium He 2Lithium Li 3Beryllium Be 4Boron B 5Carbon C 6Nitrogen N 7Oxygen O 8Fluorine F 9Neon Ne 10Sodium Na 11Magnesium
Mg 12
Aluminum
Al 13
Silicon Si 14Phosphorus
P 15
Sulfur S 16
Name Symbol Atomic #
Chlorine Cl 17Argon Ar 18Potassium
K 19
Calcium Ca 20Iron Fe 26Nickel Ni 28Copper Cu 28Zinc Zn 30Bromine Br 35Silver Ag 47Tin Sn 50Iodine I 53Gold Au 79Mercury Hg 80Lead Pb 82Uranium U 92
ELEMENT REVIEW TIME!
Lanthanides Actinides
RARE EARTH METALS
Top row (Rare Earth Metals)
Fits in period 6Named after the first
element in the row (Lanthanum)
Physical Properties:SoftMalleableShiny/high lusterHigh conductivity
Found naturally on Earth
Only 1 element in the series is radioactive
RARE EARTH METALS: LANTHANIDES
Bottom row (Rare Earth Metals)
Fits in period 7Named after the
first element in the row (Actinium)
All are radioactiveNucleus is very unstable last for only a fraction of a second after they are made
Some not found in nature Only thorium and uranium exist on Earth in significant amounts
All the elements after uranium were created artificially in the lab
RARE EARTH METALS: ACTINIDES
131415
OTHER METALS (METALS IN MIXED GROUPS)
Possess many of the same qualities as the Transition Metals
Located in groups 13, 14, 15 Includes 7 Elements – Al, Ga, In, Sn, Tl, Pb,
Bi Follow “rules” when finding valence
electronsPhysical Properties:
Solid & OpaqueDuctile & MalleableHigh densities
OTHER METALS (METALS IN MIXED GROUPS)
13141516
METALLOIDS
Possess properties of both metals and non-metals Semi-
conductors Found along
the “stair-step” or “ladder” (between metals & non-metals)
Physical Properties: Solids Shiny or dull Will conduct heat
and electricity (but not as well as metals)
METALLOIDS
Metalloids:• Boron• Silicon•
Germanium
• Arsenic• Antimony• Tellurium• Polonium
17
GROUP 17: HALOGENS
Group 177 valence electrons
1 away from a full shellVery close to being happy
Combine with many different elementsOften bond with elements from Group One
“Very reactive! – Only need 1 more electron to fulfill the “Octet Rule”
Never found alone in nature All are poisonous non-metals
HALOGENS- GROUP 17
18
GROUP 18: NOBLE GASES
Group 18Full valence shell
Hydrogen & Helium: full with 2 electrons
Others: full with 8 electronsHappiest elements of all
Will never combine with other elements (too stable)
Colorless, tasteless, & odorless gases
When electricity passes through them, they glow different colors
NOBLE GASES- GROUP 18
17141516
NON-METALS
181
Lack most of the properties of metalsPhysical Properties: (most)
DullSolid nonmetals are brittle (not malleable/ductile)
Poor conductors of heat & electricityChemical Properties: (most)
Form compounds easilyEXCEPT Group 18 (Noble Gases)
17 nonmetals Found to the right
of the “stair step” on the periodic table & Hydrogen
NONMETALS
Man Made: :) Radioactive: Coloring: Letters: Black (s), Red (g), Blue (l) Coloring: Outline each in a different color—see my example for help !!
CREATE-YOUR-OWN (CYO) PERIODIC TABLE