Bellwork

• Copy and complete the following Venn Diagram

Replication Transcription

Science Fact of the Day• The largest octopus is the Enteroctopus dofleini, also

known as the giant Pacific octopus or North Pacific giant octopus. It has a 16 ft arm span and weighs about 110 pounds.

As requested by Victoria Westbrook

CO: I will understand and explain the process and purpose of

translation.

LO: I will write notes about translation. I will play a BINGO

using a codon chart.

Central DogmaDNA

Nucleus Ribosome

TranslationTranscription

ProteinRNA

Copy and label the:

Transcription Review and Translation Intro.

Remember our analogy from yesterday….

DNA = master copy of building plansRNA= blueprint for one room of building

Protein= actual bricks that make up the building

Nucleus = boss’ officeRibosome = assembly line (where the bricks are

laid and a wall is built)

• The decoding of an mRNA message into a polypeptide chain is known as translation.

• Proteins are assembled on a ribosome– OUTSIDE of the

nucleus (in the cytoplasm)

Steps of Translation (Overview)1. mRNA travels to the ribosome2. Transfer RNA (tRNA) brings the right amino acid

to the ribosome3. A polypeptide (protein) is formed

How does tRNA “know” what amino acid to bring?

The genetic code (mRNA) is read three bases at a time.

Each three-letter “word” is known as a codon.

tRNA “looks” for the codon that pairs with its 3 nucleotide

sequence (called an anticodon).

When it connects the ribosome attaches the amino acid that

tRNA was carrying to the polypeptide chain

ORDER MATTERS!Order of DNA bases order of RNA bases order

of amino acids what protein is made

tRNA

mRNA

Amino acid

How to use the Codon Chart:

1. Use the left side to find the first letter in the codon

2. Use the top to find the second letter in the codon

3. Use the right side to find the third letter of the codon

4. Go to where ALL three overlap on the chart

How to use the Codon Wheel:

1. Begin in the middle with the first letter of the codon

2. Go outward to the second letter in the codon

3. Go outward again to the third letter in the codon.

Did you notice?: The codon “AUG” can specify methionine or serve as the “start” codon for protein synthesis.

What codon will tell the ribosome to quit putting amino acids together? What letters code for this?

Codon Bingo!Directions For Playing:

If a codon (example: AAG) is called out, you must find the amino acid.

If an amino acid (example: serine) is called out, you must find the codon.

Hint! When finding a codon, there may be more than one answer…you can count all possible answers on your card!