Behave Yourself! A Summary of Animal Behaviors J. R. Jones Spring 2006.
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Transcript of Behave Yourself! A Summary of Animal Behaviors J. R. Jones Spring 2006.
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Behave Yourself! – A Summary of Animal Behaviors
J. R. JonesSpring 2006
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Innate Behavior
• Also known as an instinct or inborn behavior.
• This is a behavior that an organisms is born knowing how to do. It is not learned.
• These behaviors are generally essential to the organisms survival.– Example: a spider building its first web.
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Suckling to nurseEx: Pigs
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ImprintingEx: Ducklings follow their mothers
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MigrationEx: Geese
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HibernationEx: bears, chipmunks, frogs
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EstivationEx: African bullfrog and
fringe toed lizard
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Positive ChemotaxisEx: Male cockroach pheromones
attract females
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Negative ChemotaxisEx: The smell of a skunk repels
animals.
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Positive PhototaxisEx: Moths to a light.
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Negative PhototaxisEx: Moles live underground.
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Circadian RhythmsEx: Human alertness during the
day
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Learned Behavior• This is a behavior that is altered as a
result of experience.
Ex. Mother bear teachers her cubs what
to eat.
Ex: Nest building
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ConditioningEx: Training a dog
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Trial and Error(Operant Conditioning)
Ex: Learning to press a lever for food.
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Trial and ErrorStudents who study get good
grades.
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HabituationDog ignores all cars driving by until
your car pulls up.
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Social Behavior
• The various ways in which an organism interacts with members of its own species.
• Social behaviors can vary greatly, depending on whether the organisms live together or lead solitary lives (interacting only to reproduce).
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CompetitionEx: Rams fighting for mates. Squirrels fighting for territory.
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TerritorialityEx: Wolves will mark their territory.Male beta fish fight other males in
their territory
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CourtshipEx: Necking, dancing for mates in
condors.
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Communication
• There are various forms of communication that may be used by a given species, including:– Visual signals (defined movements and
coloration)– Chemical signals (pheromones)– Sounds
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Visual Communication – Cuttlefish changes colors to indicate
mood/messages.
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Sounds • Birds – singing• Dolphins – signature
‘whistle’ and echo location
• Primates & Humans - language
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Chemical Signals (Pheromones)
• Bees use pheromones to help other bees find food, nectar, and the hive.
• Lions use pheromones to indicate readiness to mate and identify their cubs.
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Other Interesting Behavioral Patterns
• Mimicry and Camouflage - These are genetically linked properties that enhance the survival of the organism.
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MimicryEx:Monarch and viceroy butterflies
• Viceroy mimics the bitter-tasting monarch butterfly.
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MimicryEx: Coral snake mimics
• Scarlet King Snakes mimic poisonous coral snakes.
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MimicryEx: Praying mantis
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Protective Coloration/Camouflagesnakes (viper) and toads
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Warning ColorationPoison dart frog and black widow spider