BDRRM Training Facilitators Guide and Sourcebook.pdf

8/18/2019 BDRRM Training Facilitators Guide and Sourcebook.pdf

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Integrating Disaster

Risk Management inLocal Governance

Facilitators Guide and Sourcebook

arangay Disaster Management

Training Workshop


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FACILITATORS GUIDE AND SOURCEBOOK: BARANGAY DISASTER MANAGEMENT TRAINING WORKSHOP

Integrating Disaster Risk Management in Local Governance Project

FOREWORD

Good or better governance is now often cited as a precondition for sustainabledisaster risk reduction. The Center for Disaster Preparedness Foundation, Inc.

(CDP) has taken on governance, together with children’s participation,assessment and action planning with urban communities, and environmentalmanagement as new cross-cutting themes to be addressed in capacitydevelopment in community based disaster preparedness and mitigation.

The first output of CDP’s Project on Integrating Disaster Risk Management inLocal Governance is this Facilitators Guide and Sourcebook for Barangay DisasterManagement Training Workshop. This training manual is the product ofcollaborative efforts of a Working Group composed of representatives of nationaland local government agencies and non-government organizations in 2005. Aparticipatory critique with 33 participants from 27 organizations on 04 October2005 and pre-test of the training pack in Barangay Banugao, Infanta on 14 – 16

October 2005 contributed to shaping this manual to this final form.

The Barangay Disaster Management Training Workshop is designed to befacilitated by a multi-disciplinary team from the City/Municipal Government,Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG), Office of Civil Defense(OCD), and Barangay Council with resource persons from the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA),Philippine Institute for Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS), Mines andGeosciences Bureau (MGB), and non-government organizations. Relevant hazardand risk maps are not included in this training pack and should be obtained fromthe concerned government agencies to combine local knowledge with technicalinformation from specialists and experts.

The Barangay Disaster Management Training Workshop is divided into four

modules. “Module 1 - Introduction to Disaster Management” uses the localdisaster experiences and Philippine disaster situation to explain basic concepts ofdisaster and disaster risk management. “Module 2 - Barangay Governance &Disaster Management” locates barangay disaster management within theprinciples of good governance and the Philippine legal, institutional and

operational framework. “Module 3 - Barangay Risk Assessment” focuses onBarangay Hazard Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment and how to involve thecommunity in this process. “Module 4 - Barangay Risk Reduction Planning”explains the importance and process of participatory risk reduction planning.

The Facilitators Guide and Sourcebook includes relevant and updated materialsfor disaster risk management concepts and methodologies and gives suggestionsfor methods in participatory and learner-centered training. As much as possible,sources of the materials used were cited.

As with any training manual, this Facilitators Guide and Sourcebook is expected tobe enhanced with use while partnerships among various stakeholders involved inlocal capacity development in disaster risk reduction are also strengthened.

Lorna P. Victoria Anchorperson, Working Group

Director, Center for Disaster Preparedness Foundation, Inc.


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i

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Guidance and Inputs f rom Working Group:

• Department of Interior and Local Government: USec Melchor Rosales,Dir. Gotis, Madel Go and Sylvia Carvajal of Bureau of Local Government

Development, Dir. Marivel Seconcillo and Alo Lacsamana from LocalGovernment Academy

• Office of Civil Defense: Dir. Priscilla Duque and Luzviminda Espino ofTraining Division

• Local Government Support Program: Jing Lopez• Provincial Government of Albay: Cedric Daep, Head of the Public Safety

and Emergency Management Office• Municipality of Guagua: Mun. Disaster Action Officer Isaias Panganiban

and Rosana Pelimco• Bong Masagca, ED of Pampanga Disaster Response Network and OIC,

NAPC Disaster Victims Sector• Corporate Network for Disaster Response: Mayet Lupig-Alcid• Mdm Cora Alma de Leon, Vice Chair of ADPC• Center for Disaster Preparedness as project anchor c/o Lorna Victoria

Partic ipatory Critique Participants and Facilitators

• Adventist Devt & Relief Agency (ADRA) c/o Mr. Goran Hansen andMs. Minchin Tan

• Albay-APSEMO c/o Mr. Cedric Daep• Balay Rehabilitation Center c/o Mr. Dodong Garduque• Barangay PhilAm, Q.C. c/o Ms. Rita Estrella & Mrs. Remedios Paras• BUKLOD TAO c/o Mr. Noli Abinales• CARE c/o Mr. Celso B. Dulce•

CDRC c/o Mr. Jhun S. Lucero and Mr. Rolando G. Libang• Catholic Relief Services (CRS) c/o Mr. Danny Ocampo• CNDR c/o Ms. Floreen Simon• Christian Aid c/o Ms. Yasmin O. Hatta• DILG-SPLU c/o Ms. Sylvia A. Carvajal• ITC-Netherlands c/o Ms. Graciela Peters Guarin• LGA c/o Mr. Jose Gonzalo P. Ablay• Liga ng mga Barangay c/o Mr. Rudy Eduave• MDCC-Guagua c/o Mr. Isaias M. Panganiban• MMDA c/o Dir. Ramon J. Santiago & Ms. Maria Corazon I. Macasieb• Naga City c/o Mr. Ernesto Elcamel• NCCP c/o Ms. Carina Pamintuan

• OCD c/o Ms. Luzviminia E. Espino• PAGASA c/o Ms. Maria Victoria N. Marica• Pampanga Disaster Response Network (PDRN) c/o Mr. Ricky Pinlac• Brgy Sta. Catalina Minalin, Pampanga CBPO c/o Ms. Magdalena A.

Mendoza• PHIVOLCS c/o Dir. Renato Solidum• PHILRADS c/o Mr. Soc Evangelista & Mr. Ronnie Ragasa• SIKAT c/o Mr. Dick Balderama & Ms. Mary Jane Munoz• U.P. – DGE/TVI c/o Ms. Gezella Gonzales• U.P. – CSWCD c/o Prof. Emmanuel Luna• CDP c/o Ms. Lorna P. Victoria, Ms. Eufemia Castro-Andaya, Ms. Malu F.

Cagay, Ms. Nikki de Vera, Ms. Mayfourth Luneta, Ms. Marita Santos,

Ms. Jelyne Gealone


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ii

Pre-test in Barangay Banugao, Infanta:

• MDCC Infanta c/o Hon. Mayor Filipina Grace R. America• Barangay Banugao c/o Punong Barangay Protacio N. Resplandor• 24 Participants for the Barangay Disaster Management Workshop• ICDAI• 3 Observers from OCD Region IV and 3 from CDRC• Facilitators: Lucy Espino of OCD, Cedric Daep of APSEMO,

Ron P. Crisostomo of MPDO-Infanta, Lorna Victoria of CDP• Technical Support from 3 CDP personnel

Funding Support: Peace and Equity Foundation


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iii

TABLE OF CONTENTSpage

Acknowledgements i

Training Design for Barangay DisasterManagement Training Workshop iv

List o f Readings for Facilitators vi

Opening Act ivities 1

Summary Training Design for Barangay 3Training Design Pre-test in Barangay Banugay 6 Different Ways of Introductions and Expectations Check 8 Tasks of Daily Management Teams 11

Participatory and Learner-Centered Training 12

Module 1 - Introduction to Disaster Management 16

Session 1: Local Disaster Experience 17Session 2: National Disaster Situation and Philippine

Disaster Management System 20Session 3: Understanding Disaster and Disaster Management 34

Module 2 - Barangay Governance & DM 57

Session 1: Good Governance 58Session 2: Disaster Management Responsibility

of the Barangays 81Session 3: Relevant Laws and Regulations 96

Module 3 - Barangay Risk Assessment 104

Session 1: Introduction to Risk Assessment 105Session 2: Hazard Assessment 112Session 3: Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment 134

Session 4: Barangay Watching (Field Work) 146

Module 4 - Barangay Risk Reduction Planning 150

Session 1: Introduction to Risk Reduction Planning 151Session 2: Using the Results of the Field Work 167Session 3: Planning Workshop 195

Closing Activities 209

Evaluation 211


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iv

TRAINING DESIGNBARANGAY DISASTER MANAGEMENT WORKSHOP

TRAINING PREPARATION

1. Social preparation/ Social Marketing to Barangay Leaders and OtherLocal Actors on importance of disaster preparedness and involvement oflocal actors including the community

2. Strong Support of DILG and Municipal/City Planning & Development Officer& Municipal/City Disaster Action Officer

3. Support of the province as necessary4. Invitation of resource persons and facilitators from PHIVOLVCS, PAGASA,

MGB, OCD, NGOs5. Budget needed: About 10,000 – 15, 000 can be sourced from IRA,

assistance from municipality/city, private sector, NGOs, etc.

TARGET PARTICIPANTS: Thirty participants coming from

1. Barangay Council (8)2. Barangay Disaster Coordinating Council3. People’s Organization (Pastoral Council, Women organization, Farmers

Association, Youth Organization…)4. Churches5. Business Sector6. Department of Education

FACILITATORS:

Multidisciplinary team composed of DILG, Municipal Planning & Development

Officer, Municipal Disaster Action Officer, Municipal Social Welfare Officer,Barangay Council/BDCC and resource persons from PAGASA, PHIVOLCS, MGB,OCD, NGOs depending on the local disaster context and disaster preparednesscapabilities.

TRAINING OBJECTIVES

General Objective:

To enhance the capacity of Barangay Officials and the community in disastermanagement to:

• ensure “zero casualty” in times of emergency; and•

contribute to public safety, disaster resilience and community development

Overall Learning Objectives:

At the end of the 4-day training workshop, the Barangay Participants should beable to:

1. Explain the basic concepts of disasters and disaster management2. Relate the implementation of disaster management to achieving good,

responsive and effective governance3. Assess the hazards, vulnerable conditions and factors and capacities of the

Barangay and community4. Formulate a disaster management action plan


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v

Training Modules

To meet the training objectives, the Barangay Disaster Management Workshop iscomposed of 4 key modules, excluding Opening and Closing Activities as follows:

1. Module 1 for Learning Obj 1 - Introduction to Disaster Management Concepts2. Module 2 for Learning Obj 2 - Barangay Governance & Disaster Management3. Module 3 for Learning Obj 3 - Barangay Hazard Vulnerability Capacity

Assessment4. Module 4 for Learning Obj 4 - Barangay Disaster Management Planning

PROGRAM OF ACTIVITIES(can be varied accord ing to training context)

Day 1 OPENING ACTIVITIES• Invocation, National Anthem and Provincial Song•

Messages• Introduction of Participants and Facilitators• Participant Expectations, Training Objectives and Program• Schedules, Ground Rules, Technical Arrangements

MODULE 1: INTRODUCTION TO DISASTER MANAGEMENT CONCEPTS• Local Disaster Experiences and Responses• National Disaster Situation and Philippine Disaster Management System• Understanding Disasters and Disaster Management

Day 2 MODULE 2: BARANGAY GOVERNANCE AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT• Barangay Governance

• Disaster Management and DM Responsibilities of the Barangay• Relevant Laws and Regulations

Day 3 MODULE 3: BARANGAY HAZARD VULNERABILITY CAPACITY ASSESSMENT

• Introduction to Barangay Risk Assessment• Hazard Assessment• Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment• Field Work / Barangay Watching and Analysis of Results

Day 4 MODULE 4: BARANGAY DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLANNING• Introduction• Preparedness Measures• Mitigation Measures• Barangay Action Planning Workshop

CLOSING


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vi

LIST OF READINGS FOR FACILITATORS

Opening Act ivities

Different Ways of Participant Introductions and Expectation Check Tasks of Daily Management Teams (Host Teams) Sample Training Needs Assessment (TNA) Form Learner-centered and participatory training

Module 1: Introduction to Disaster Management Concepts

Session 1: Local Disaster Situation

Session 2: National Disaster Situation and the Philippine DisasterManagement System

The Philippine Disaster Situation: Risk Profile CY 1995 – 2004, Office ofCivil Defense

The Philippine Disaster Management System, Office of Civil Defense

Session 3: Understanding Disasters and Disaster Management

Defining a Few Key Terms from Living with Risk, UNISDR Categories and Factors For Capacities & Vulnerabilities Analysis, Mary

Anderson and Peter Woodrow Basic Concepts of Disaster, Disaster Management and Community

Based Disaster Management, CDP CBDM Training Hand-outs

Module 2: Disaster Management and Barangay Governance

Session 1: Barangay Governance (Good and Democratic Governance)

“On the Barangay”, Local Government Academy “Good Governance”, Local Government Academy and Bureau of Local

Government Development - Department of Interior and LocalGovernment

The Millenium Development Goals Rights Based Approach to Development and Governance, Dr, Florangel

Braid “Barangay Development & Governance System Framework and

Barangay Organizational Reform Agenda”, Liga ng mga Barangay saPilipinas

Session 2: Disaster Management Responsibil ity of the Barangay

Local Disaster Coordinating Councils from Appendix 3Contingency Planning for Emergencies: A Manual for LocalGovernment Units

Citizens Participation Towards Safer Communities, paperpresented by Zenaida Delica-Willison


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vii

The Role of the Business Sector in Disaster Preparedness and Response

paper presented by Alberto Aldaba Lim of the Corporate Network forDisaster Response during the International Conference on TotalDisaster Risk Management, December 2003, Kobe, Japan

On Disaster Management and Leadership from various sources

Session 3: Relevant Laws and Regulations Laws, Policies and Procedures)

Laws and Regulations on Disaster Management Program, DILG – BLGDand LGA

Module 3: Barangay Risk Assessment

Session 1: Introduction to Barangay Risk Assessment

Community Risk Assessment, CDP CBDRM Training Hand-outs

Session 2: Hazard Assessment

Hazard Classification, UN ISDR Major Hazards, Family and Community Disaster Preparedness: Guide for

Training Families and Communities, Department of Social Welfare andDevelopment

Hazard Assessment Matrix Guidelines for Elaborating a Community Risk Map by René Martorell,

Rocio Sáenz,http://www.crid.or.cr/crid/CD_EIRD_Informa/ing/No3_2001/Pagina15.htm

Risk Map, UNISDR Latin America and the Caribbean

Session 3: Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment

Categories and Factors for Capacities and Vulnerabilities Analysis, Anderson and Woodrow

Examples of Application of the CVA and Disaster Crunch Model -Viewpoint of Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment and Progression ofVulnerability, Seminar Paper, CBDM Seminar, Metro ManilaEarthquake Impact Reduction Study

Session 4: Barangay Watching (Barangay Risk Assessment Field Work)

Data Gathering Plan for Community Risk Assessment Data Synthesis and Analysis

Module 4: Barangay Disaster Risk Reduct ion Planning(Disaster Preparedness And Mitigation Planning)

Session 1: Introduction to Barangay Risk Reduction Planning

Disaster Reduction Framework, UNISDR Summary of the Hyogo Framework for Action 2005 – 2015, Outcome of

the World Conference on Disaster Reduction, Hyogo, Kobe, Japan,

www.unisdr.org/wcdr


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viii

From Risk Mapping to Preparedness and Mitigation Planning, IsaiasPanganiban & Cedric Daep

Early Warning, ADPC CBDRM Participants Workbook Public Awareness, CDP CBDRM Training Hand-outs Evacuation, CDRC DPT Hand-outs

Session 2: Using the Results of the Barangay Risk Assessment

Identifying Risk Reduction Measures, CDP CBDRM TrainingHand-outs

Citations of Good Practice in Disaster Management and Governance Disaster Warning, Communication Protocol and Evacuation Criteria,

Cedric Daep, Pre-test at Barangay Banugao, 14-16 October 2005 Disaster Prevention Checklist: Warning and Evacuation, Basic Study

Non-Structural Disaster Prevention Measures for Camiguin Province,January 2005

Session 3: Risk Reduction Planning Workshop (Initial Barangay DisasterPreparedness and Mitigation Action Plan)

Last Words in Planning, ADPC/MDRN Planning Concepts and DisasterPMP Management Planning Framework, Mindanao Disaster ResponseNetwork – Municipal-Sectoral Disaster PMP Management NetworkProject

A – Z in Facilitating Community Planning,http://www.communityplanning.net/principles.htm, Nick Wates,Community Planning Handbook

Sample of BDCC Warning and Evacuation Plan for Flooding and DebrisFlow. Cedric Daep, Pre-test at Barangay Banugao, October 14-16, 2005


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FACILITATORS GUIDE AND SOURCEBOOK: BARANGAY DISASTER MANAGEMENT TRAINING WORKSHOP 1


Objectives

OPENING ACTIVITIES

1. Formally open the training;2. Introduce the Participants and Facilitators to each other;3. Clarify expectations of the Participants;4. Unite on the training workshop objectives and program of activities;5. Set technical arrangements such as schedule, participatory

management teams, house rules, etc.

Opening Activit ies 1. Invocation, National Anthem (and Provincial Song)2. Messages3. Introduction of Participants and Facilitators4. Expectations Check5. Overview of the Training Workshop Design6. Contracting (Do’s and Don’ts) and Technical Arrangements

Methods:

1. “I am …, I have…, I can…, I will ,..” as Exercise for Introductions2. “Bus Stop” for Expectations Check3. Interactive Discussion on the Training Design, Schedule, Do’s and

Don’ts within the training/workshop, House Rules and otherTechnical Matters

Materials Needed:

1. Name Tags2. Opening Program3. Training Design and Program of Activities

4. Manila/kraft paper or meta cards for Expectation Check5. Colored pens

Duration: 2 hours

Readings for Facilitator:

1. Different Ways of Participant Introductions and Expectation Check2. Tasks of Daily Management Teams (Host Teams)3. Learner-centered and participatory training


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Tips to Facilitator:1. The Training Workshop is designed for 4 days with 13 sessions in 4

Modules, excluding Opening and Closing Activities with sufficient time for

workshops. Please refer to Training Design for Barangay DisasterManagement Training Workshop. The training can be done on a staggeredbasis, ensuring the attendance of the same participants for the successivesessions. For staggered training, make sure to give a brief run through of the4-day process at the end of the first set of sessions and to have a review of keyconcepts at the start of the second set of sessions.

2. With less time for workshops for Modules 3 (Barangay Risk Assessment FieldWork or Barangay Watching) and 4 (Disaster Preparedness and MitigationPlanning Workshop), the Barangay Disaster Management Training Workshopcan be done in 3 days. Refer to Training Design for Pre-test done in BarangayBanugao, Infanta, Quezon for sample of Training Design for 3 days.

3. An orientation session at the barangay level can also be undertaken within halfday session with very minimal expense.

4. Sources of funding for the training workshop can be the Calamity Fund, item onTraining, Seminars and Workshops for Barangay Officials under theMaintenance and Other Operating Expenses (MOOE) Budget Category, andrequests for grants from NGOs, churches and the business sector based in thebarangay and the Office of the Mayor .

5. While the first part of the Opening Activities can be formal with the guestspeakers giving Messages, it is important to establish an atmosphere of

openness and trust among the Participants and Facilitators at the outset tohave an environment conducive to sharing and learning.

6. Be sensitive to cultural and gender considerations in the choice of games,exercises and ice breakers used in the training. Considering the particularculture of the Participants also involves affirming and promoting positivevalues.

7. Remember in the choice of methods and workshop activities that when peoplelisten to the information, they remember only 20% of what they hear. If theyonly look at the information, they remember about 30%. If they combinelistening and looking, they remember about 40 – 50%. If they also talk about

what they hear and see, they remember 70%. But best of all, if they also usewhat they have learned, they will remember 90% of it.


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Materials

BARANGAY DISASTER MANAGEMENT WORKSHOP

TRAINING DESIGN SUMMARY

MODULE Topic/Session MethodDuration

OPENING ACTIVITIES 2 hours

Opening ProgramPrayer, National Anthem,Provincial Song, Song,Messages

Introduction Various Methods

Expectation Check Various Methods

Training Design Interactive Discussion

Contracting and Technical

Arrangements

Interactive Discussion

INTRODUCTION TODISASTER MANAGEMENT

3 session 6 hours

Local Disaster SituationWorkshop and PlenaryPresentation 2 hours

National Disaster Situation andPhilippine Disaster ManagementSystem

GalleryPowerpoint Presentation orpaste upsInteractive lecture

1.5hours

MODULE 1

Understanding Disasters andDisaster Management

“Debate” or “Bagyo, Lindol,Gyera”Interactive lecture

2.5hours

BARANGAY GOVERNANCE AND DISASTERMANAGEMENT

3 sessions 5 hours

Barangay Governance (Goodand Democratic Governance)

Group Work: “The highesttower” or “Good governanceis…”Interactive Lecture

1.5hours

Disaster (Risk) ManagementResponsibilities of the Barangay

Group Work: “Our organizationas a vehicle”Interactive Lecture

2 hours

MODULE 2

Relevant Laws and Regulations(Laws, policies and procedures)

Buzz Session: “FAQs” or“Matching”Interactive lecture

1.5hours

BARANGAY RISK ASSESSMENT

4 sessions8.5hours

Introduction to Barangay Risk Assessment

Exercise: What do you see?Interactive Lecture

1 hour

Hazard Assessment

“Feel, Hear, See!” or “Recall ofDisasters ExperiencedGroup WorkInteractive Lecture

1.5hours

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment

“Webbing”Group WorkInteractive Lecture

2 hours

MODULE 3

Barangay Disaster Risk

Assessment Field Work

Barangay Watching/Field Work 4 hours


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BARANGAY RISKREDUCTION PLANNING

3 sessions 6 hours

Introduction to Disaster RiskReduction Planning

“Building our house”Interactive lecture

1 hour

Identifying Appropriate RiskReduction Measures

Untangling ExerciseSharing of Case Stories on

local preparedness andmitigation measuresInteractive lecture

3 hoursMODULE 4

Planning Workshop Action PlanningPlenary Presentation andComments

2 hours

CLOSING ACTIVITIES 1 hour


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Reference

BARANGAY DISASTER MANAGEMENT WORKSHOPBARANGAY BANUGAO, INFANTA, QUEZON

14 – 16 October 2005

MGA LAYUNIN

Pangkalahatang layunin ng pagsasanay na mapataas ang kakayahan ng mgaOpisyal ng Barangay at ng komunidad sa disaster management para

- masiguro ang “Zero casualty” sa panahon ng emergency at- makaambag sa kaligtasan, katatagan at kaunlaran ng barangay.

Inaasahan na pagkatapos ng 3 araw na pagsasanay, kaya ng mga Kalahok na:- Ipaliwanag ang mga batayang konsepto kaugnay ng disaster at disaster

management

- Iugnay ang pagsasagawa ng disaster management sa pagkakaroon ng

pamamahala sa barangay na epektibo at tumutugon sa mgapangangailangan ng komunidad (responsive at effective barangaygovernance)

- Ilarawan ang mga panganib (hazards), mga kalagayang bulnerable okahinaan (vulnerabilities) at mga kakayahan (capacities) ng barangay

- Gumawa ng disaster management action plan

PROGRAMA NG PAGSASANAY

14 Oktubre,2005

Biyernes

PAGBUBUKAS NG PAGSASANAY- Panalangin at Pambansang Awit

- Mga Mensahe- Pagpapakilanlan at mga Inaasahan ng mga Kalahok- Layunin at Programa ng Pagsasanay- Iskedyul, mga Alituntunin at Teknikal na Kaayusan

MODULE 1: INTRODUCTION TO DISASTER MANAGEMENT- Local and National Disaster Situation and Philippine Disaster

Management System- Understanding Disasters and Disaster Management

MODULE 2: BARANGAY GOVERNANCE AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT- Disaster Management and DM Responsibilities of the Barangay- Relevant Laws and Regulations

15 Oktubre,

2005Sabado

MODULE 3: BARANGAY HAZARD VULNERABILITY CAPACITY

ASSESSMENT- Introduction- Hazard Assessment- Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment- Field Work and Analysis of Results

16 Oktubre,2005Linggo

MODULE 4: BARANGAY DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLANNING- Introduction- Preparedness Measures- Mitigation Measures- Barangay Action Planning Workshop

CLOSING


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PRE-TEST TRAINING DESIGN SUMMARY

MODULE Topic/Session Method Duration

DAY 1 FRIDAY OCTOBER 14, 2005

OPENING ACTIVITIES 1 hour

Opening ProgramPrayer, National Anthem,Provincial Song, Song,Messages

Introductions and ExpectationsCheck

Buzz Session and Meta CardsPlenary

Training Design Interactive Discussion

Contracting and Technical Arrangements

Interactive Discussion

INTRODUCTION TODISASTER MANAGEMENT

2 session 3 hours

Local and National DisasterSituation and PhilippineDisaster Management System

“Pin the Disaster!”Powerpoint Presentation orpaste upsInteractive lecture

1.5 hoursMODULE 1

Understanding Disasters andDisaster Management

“Debate” or “Bagyo, Lindol,Gyera”Interactive lecture

1.5 hours

BARANGAY GOVERNANCE AND DISASTERMANAGEMENT

3 sessions 3 hours

Barangay Governance andDisaster Risk Management

Responsibilities

Group Work: “The highesttower” or “Good governance

is…”Interactive Lecture

1.5 hoursMODULE 2

Relevant Laws and Regulations(Laws, policies and procedures)

Buzz Session: “FAQs” or“Matching”Interactive lecture

1.5 hours

DAY 2 SATURDAY OCTOBER 15, 2005

MODULE 3BARANGAY RISK ASSESSMENT

4 sessions7.5hours

Introduction to Barangay Risk Assessment

Exercise: What do you see?Interactive Lecture

0.5 hour

Municipal Risk AssessmentNature and Behavior ofCommon Hazards in Localityand

Resource Inputs from

Municipal Government ofInfanta, PAGASA, PHIVOLCS,MGB (check availability and/orsecure materials)

2 hours

Hazard Assessment“Feel, Hear, See!” Group WorkInteractive Lecture

1.5 hours

Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment

“Untangling Exercise”Group WorkInteractive Lecture

1.5hours

Barangay Disaster Risk Assessment Field Work and Analysis

Barangay Watching/Field Workand Analysis

2 hours


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DAY 3 SUNDAY OCTOBER 16,2005

BARANGAY RISKREDUCTION PLANNING

3 sessions5.5hours

Introduction to Disaster Risk

Reduction Planning

“Building our house”

Interactive lecture0.5 hour

Preparedness Measures:Hazard Monitoring, EarlyWarning System,Communication Protocols,Evacuation

DemonstrationCase storiesInteractive Lecture

1.5 hours

Preparedness and MitigationMeasures: Public Awareness,Organizational Strengthening,Training, Indigenous and Appropriate Technologies

DemonstrationCase storiesInteractive Lecture

1.5 hours

MODULE 4

Planning Workshop Action PlanningPlenary Presentation and

Comments

2 hours

CLOSING ACTIVITIES Certificates of Participation and Acknowledgements

0.5 hour

GUIDANCE NOTES:

1. For a 3-day module, we should keep everything short and simple (KISS - keepit short and simple!). So, we should take note of the time allotment for eachsession, meaning the time allotment is maximum time allowable, and if we canshorten the session, we are giving more time allowance for other sessions,especially those coming towards the second and third day. In the barangay, Ianticipate that we should have just 6 hours for a Sunday training, giving

allowance for church activities.

2. New activities not in the current form of the Facilitators Guide, but will be addedafter the pre-test

- “ Pin the Disaster” : similar to pin the donkey (‘s tail). Prepare pics and/ornewsclips of disaster events from all over the Phil. Have Pax put the pics onthe place on Phil map where these occurred. Intro for brief lecture discussionon local and national disaster situation and disaster management system.

- Municipal Risk Assessment and Nature and Behavior of Hazards in theLocality:

brief inputs on municipal risk map for various hazards c/o MunicipalOfficer/s; Brief inputs from PAGASA, PHIVOLCS and MGB (if they areavailable, otherwise secure briefing and/o materials.

- Preparedness and Mitigation Measures: mainly sharing c/o Cedric Daepand Jun Panganiban of Guagua on measures which are done by thebarangays together with the municipality/province


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Reference

DIFFERENT WAYS OF INTRODUCTIONS &EXPECTATIONS CHECK

Participant Introductions

1. Participants think of an adjective which starts with the first letter of his/hername to describe him/herself, or which describes qualities which s/he has orwants to have in relation to disaster management.

“I am Abraham, I am Able” …. “I am Precy, I want to be Prepared!”

2. Have participants make their own name tags using colored paper or boards.Each participant then explains why s/he chose to use the particular shape,color or name.

3. Each participant introduces him/herself to the group citing a personalcharacteristic which he/she wants the group to remember.

4. A ball of paper (or ball or orange) is thrown to each participant in the circlewho introduces him/herself as in item #3. Aside from introducing him/herselfthe participant in turns also introduces those who had already introducedthemselves earlier in the ball game.

Illustration from: Creative Training by IIRR, VSO and PEPE

5. Participants look for an object in the room or immediate surroundings whichsymbolize themselves with regards to experience in disaster or disastermanagement.

“This is a blank paper, my house was washed out during the flash flood andmy son is still missing, the blank sheet of paper symbolizes my desire to fillmyself with information how to prevent another tragedy from happening toour family.”

“This is a picture of my son, it is always in my wallet even if he is now dead,it is so painful!”


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6. Participants are paired and interview one another about personal and workinformation. Each introduces his/her the partner to the group.

This is my colleague Art, he is ….

7. Participants use their body to gesture the spelling of their name.

8. Participants draw self-portraits, write their names on the portrait and explaintheir drawing.

9. Participants add phrases to the following as way of introducing themselves andtheir feelings, expectations and contributions to the training

“ I am _________. I am …… ““ I have …. ““ I can …. ““ I will …. “

Expectations Check

1. “Bus Stop”. Prepare 4 sheets of Manila paper or kraft paper for each of thefollowing questions:

- BS 1: What do you expect from the training- BS 2: What can facilitate in your learning and active participation?- BS 3: What can hinder your learning and active participation?- BS 4: What can you contribute for the success of the training?

Post the sheets of Manila paper around the room as Bus Stop 1, 2, 3 and 4

or particular places which are usually used as evacuation centers in thelocality.

Divide the Participants into 4 groups. Assign a sequence to each group to puttheir answers on the Manila papers such as BSs 1234, BSs 2341, BSs 3412,BSs 4123.

Discuss and summarize the expectations of the Participants. Compare theExpectations with the training objective, content, methods and schedule. Runthrough what expectations can be covered by the training and what is notwithin the scope of the training. Make a contract with the Participants on the“Do’s” and “Don’ts” to facilitate sharing and learning.


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Make adjustments to the prepared Training Design as necessary based on theresults of the Expectation Check.

2. “Board Work”. For the same questions as in No. 1, ask Participants to writetheir answers on colored paper or meta cards. Use one color for each

question.

Ask Participants to post their answers for each question on the board or wall.Discuss answers and relate to the Training Design as in No. 1.

3. A ball of paper (or small ball or orange) is thrown to each participant in thecircle who introduces his/herself and answers the same questions as in No. 1.

The Facilitator takes notes on the board of the expectations. When allParticipants are finished, the Facilitator discusses the answers and relates tothe Training Design as in No.1.

4. The Participants add phrases to finish the sentence as follows:

- I want to improve my knowledge, skills, attitude on ____- I will contribute my _________ (knowledge, time, skills, attention, etc., ) to

make this training successful.- I want my co-participants to be ______ to make this training fruitful and

successful.- I will learn better and participate well in this training, if the facilitator will use

the following methods and approaches _______.

The answers can be put on meta-cards or presented by item and the Facilitator

collates the answers on the board then discusses the answers and relates tothe Training Design as in No.1.

References:

1. Participatory Learning & Action: A Trainer’s Guide by J.Pretty et al, 19952. Training for Transformation: A Handbook for Community Workers Book 2 by

Hope and Timmel, 19863. “Kahandaan, Katatagan at Kaunlaran ng Komunidad” (Community

Preparedness, Resilience and Development) by L. P. Victoria, 20034. Non-Structural Disaster Prevention Trainers’ Guide, Basic Study on Non-

Structural Disaster Prevention Measures for Camiguin Province funded byJICA, implemented by Center for Disaster Preparedness Foundation Inc withEarth System Science Inc. and Pacific Consultants International


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Reference

TASKS OF DAILY MANAGEMENT TEAMS(HOST TEAMS)

The Daily Management Team (or Host Team) is a group of Participants thatassumes responsibility to assist the Facilitators/Trainers in the daily managementof the training with the following tasks:

1. Act as timekeeper for start and end of sessions2. Provide ice breakers and energizers3. Distribute of Hand-outs4. Assist Facilitator in posting visuals and cleaning the boards5. Start daily activities with an invocation, recap of the previous day’s sessions

and announcements

6. Gather feedback and suggestions from Participants and coordinate thesewith the Facilitators Team or Organizing Group of the training7. Ensures order and cleanliness of classroom

Other tasks which may be given to daily management teams as necessary:

1. Making arrangements for Solidarity Night (if live-in with other barangays)2. Making arrangements for Closing Program3. Acknowledging guests and thanking Facilitators and the Organizing Group on

behalf of the Participants


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Reference

PARTICIPATORY AND LEARNER-CENTERED TRAINING

“If you are thinking a year ahead – sow a seed;

If you are thinking ten years ahead – plant a tree;If you are thinking one hundred years ahead – educate the people”

- Kuan Tzu, Chinese Poet

Learning is the process of acquiring new ideas, knowledge, skills and attitude toeffect change in behavior and/or performance.

When learners enter the session room, they bring along:

wealth of experience, knowledge and skills own beliefs, value and convictions own perceptions, biases and feelings

"Learners are motivated, not taught to seek newer knowledge, skills andbehavior."

The learner is the richest resource in the learning process.

KEY PRINCIPLES OF PAULO FREIRE

a. No education is ever Neutral. Either designed to maintain existing situation ordesigned to liberate people.

b. Relevance - issues of importance NOW to participants. People will act onissues on which they have strong feelings.

c. Problem-posing. The whole of education and development is seen as acommon search for solution to problems.

LAWS OF LEARNING

1. Law of readiness. People learn more easily if they are interested and have thedesire to learn.

2. Law of Effect. People learn quickly, retain longer and tend to repeat those

things for which they can see a use and which give them satisfaction.

3. Law of Association. Every new fact, idea or concept is best learned if thelearner can relate it to something he/she already knows.

4. Law of Exercise. Constant repetition/practice increases the probability oflearning/retention.

5. Law of Stimulation. People learn when their senses are stimulated and whenmental and physical responses are made to the stimuli.


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PRINCIPLES IN ADULT EDUCATION

1. No one directly teaches adults anything. What is being taught should have ameaning for adults and should be relevant to their needs and problems.

2. While adult learners want to be independent, they also enjoy functioninginterdependently. Learning is a cooperative and collaborative process.

3. Learners have feelings as well as thoughts. Learning is maximized where whatlearners SAY reflects what they THINK and FEEL.

4. People learn best as a result of EXPERIENCE.

5. Learning is an EVOLUTIONARY process. Learning is not imposed. It is aDEVELOPING and EVOLVING process.

LEARNING CYCLE

1. Direct Experience(Activity)

2. Reflecting on Experience

(Analysis)

3. Generalization about

Experience

4. Application

Illustration adpated from CEDPA

Back home or at work

Learning is the transformation of information into useful knowledge. An effectiveapproach when facilitating group activities includes: DO, DISCUSS, and APPLY.

When facilitating group activities, learners should DO the activity, DISCUSS itby answering questions such as “what happened during the activity?” and APPLYby discovering how the learning points apply to the job and to real life.

1. The Experience. The learner uncovers new information that requires aresponse on his or her part.

2. Reflecting on the Experience. The learners sort out and analyze theinformation developed in Phase 1.

3. Generalizing about the Experience. The learners interprets what theinformation means and determines what lessons can be learned and whatprinciples can be drawn.


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4. Application. The learner relates the new learning to his or her own lifesituation. The learner makes the connection between the training setting andthe real world. This link can be strengthened through practice and planning forapplication after training.

IMPORTANT CONDITIONS IN LEARNER-CENTERED TRAINING

1. Non-threatening climate2. Atmosphere of openness3. Cooperative evaluation and self-evaluation.

Implications:

Activities conducted in small break out groups encourage shy or withdrawnindividuals to participate. If managed effectively, break out groups canencourage discussion, promote teamwork, and divert the focus from adominant participant.

Seating arrangements impact learner behavior. Ensure accessibility andvisibility to other Participants and to the Facilitator in a u-shape or fan-stylearrangement to encourages discussion and interaction.

Experiential and exploratory learning allows the learner to be self-directed andthe facilitator acts as a resource for the learner. This type of training is usefulwhen the learner is highly motivated and has strong content knowledge.

EDUCATION AND TRAINING (or TRAINING AND EDUCATION)

Education is a long process that is wide-ranging in its scope and purpose. It isconcerned with the process of individual development in intellectual, moral andsocial terms.

KNOWLEDGE

SKILLS

ATTITUDES

Training activity has clear aims to equip persons to become more effective in theirwork through the development of the necessary knowledge, skills andattitudes leading to changes in behavior.


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In culinary terms, education can be regarded as a nutrition guide, whereastraining can be likened to a cookbook.

Facilitating a positive setting during the training:

Provide learning objectives and an agenda

Establish ground rules or group guidelines Provide comfortable seating and a place for participant materials Ensure the room temperature is comfortable Use fan-type or u-shape seating to allow for interaction, easy viewing of audio-

visuals, and application of group work Incorporate various delivery methods and minimize overuse of media Actively involve learners – use case studies, role-plays, games, brainstorming,

exercises, participative discussion, simulations Allow for periodic breaks, adhere to start and end times Acknowledge all responses and contributions Reinforce positive behaviors Value diversity

Sources:

- Center for Disaster Preparedness Training of Trainers in DisasterManagement Course

- Training of Trainers for Disaster Management Course, Ian Davis- Human Resources Development Course, Ateneo University- Training Management Course by Dennis and Agnes Ycasiano


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16

Session 1: Local Disaster Experience

Session 2: National Disaster Situation and thePhilippine Disaster Management System

Session 3: Understanding Disasters and DisasterManagement

MODULE 1: INTRODUCTION TODISASTER MANAGEMENT CONCEPTS


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17

Learning Objectives: At the end of the session the participants are able to:

1. Describe the disasters which the barangay and communityexperienced in the past and threats which may cause damage andloss

2. Relate how the barangay, community, households and individualsprepare for, respond to and recover from disasters and threats

3. Discuss who are able to assist the barangay and community indisaster preparedness, emergency response and recovery.

Key Points: 1. Barangay Community Profile - geographical / physical charac-

teristics, population, economy/livelihood, general health conditions,culture and values, spot map or base map of barangay/community.

2. Disaster Experience - disaster history, damages and loss incurred,other threats, how the barangay and people prepare for, respond toand recover from disasters, other threats which may cause damageand harm

Method:

Workshop and Plenary Presentation

Process:1. Divide the participants into 4 to 5 groups. Each group assigns its

facilitator, documentor and reporter. The facilitator guides thegroup in its discussion of the guide questions.

Module 1 SESSION 1: LOCAL DISASTER EXPERIENCE


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18

2. Guide Questions for Group Discussion

a. Barangay/Community Profile – land and people- Geographical/physical characteristics- Population- Economy/livelihood- General health conditions- Culture and values- Spot/base map of the barangay indicating key

landmarks

b. Local Disaster Situation- What disasters were experienced in the past?- When?- Where?- What were damages?- Who were affected?

- What are other threats?- How does the barangay, community, households andindividuals prepare for, respond to and recover fromdisasters and threats?

- Who assists the barangay and community?

3. Have each group will pick a creative form to present the results oftheir group discussion such as:

- Talk show interview of the disaster situation in thebarangay/community;

- Barangay spot map indicating areas, community facilitiesand families which have suffered damage and loss from

disasters;- Skit or drama of how the barangay and community

prepares for and responds to disasters;- Seasonal calendar showing regularity of disasters and

threats experienced- Timeline of disasters in the barangay/community showing

years wherein disasters were major (big) or minor (small)with the group’s indicators of major and minor disaster

4. Ask each group to make a plenary presentation, each groupvalidating and building on the information from the other groups.

5. After all the reports have a plenary discussion for questions,clarifications and additions to the group reports.

6. Summarize the local disaster situation. Point out that reference tothe results of this first workshop will be made in the succeedingsessions. More details will be added to the community disaster

situation during in Module 3 on Barangay Risk Assessment.


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19

Materials Needed:

1. Manila/kraft or easel paper, different colors of pentel pen andcrayons

2. Cut-outs of different hazards

Duration: 2 hours Tips to Facilitator:

1. In preparation for the disaster management workshop, ask thebarangay to prepare the barangay profile and several copies (atleast 5) of its spot map.

2. Starting with the local disaster situation immediately generatesinvolvement and interest among the participants for the disaster

management training workshop.

Photos of flooded Bulacan barangay hall c/o World Vision, Baguio earthquake c/o Phivolcsand of recovery in Infanta c/o Municpali ty of Infanta


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20


1. Link the local barangay disaster situation to the national

(provincial/municipal) disaster situation.

2. Explain the Philippine disaster management system

Key Points:

1. The Philippines is one of the world’s most disaster prone countries.Because of its geographical location and physical characteristics,the Philippines is exposed to a variety of natural hazards, rangingfrom typhoons, floods, earthquakes, volcanic eruption, tsunamis,landslides and drought.

2. Located near the Western North Pacific Basin, the busiest generatorof tropical cyclones. The Philippines is part of the Pacific Ring ofFire and lies between 2 tectonic plates. An archipelago, it iscomposed of 7,100 islands.

3. Aside from its particular geographical location and physicalcharacteristics, disaster frequency and loss is conditioned by thePhilippines’ social, economic and political environment.

4. Human-made disasters such as armed conflict, sea mishaps, fire,

and epidemic take a heavy toll.

5. The Philippines is also recognized internationally as having a wellarticulated disaster management system and institutionalarrangements.

6. PD 1566 dated June 11, 1978 “Strengthening the PhilippineDisaster Control Capability and Establishing the National Programon Community Disaster Preparedness” lays down the policy,institutional and operational framework for disaster management inthe country.

Module 2 SESSION 2: NATIONAL DISASTER

SITUATION AND THE PHILIPPINE DISASTERMANAGEMENT SYSTEM


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21

7. Although the Philippines is also recognized as having a head start inimplementing community based disaster management, recurringoccurrence of disaster and loss necessitates widespread replicationand application of disaster proactive disaster responses ofpreparedness, mitigation and prevention.

Methods:

1. “Gallery”2. Powerpoint presentation or paste ups3. Interactive lecture

Process:1. “Gallery”. Gather 10 to 20 pictures and news clippings of disasters from

various places in the Philippines. Put these on a clothesline or paste on

the walls. Have the Participants view the go around to view the exhibit.

2. Back on their seats, ask the Participants what they observed. What typesof disasters strike the Philippines? What are damages? Who are affected?What are the causes? What are disaster preparedness, emergencyresponses and recovery activities undertaken?

3. Summarize the Participants’ observations through a brief interactive lectureon the Philippine disaster situation. Highlight the provincial, municipaldisaster situation as necessary.

4. The Philippines is one of the most disaster-prone countries of the world.

From 1900-1991, the Center for Research and Epidemiology of Disasters inBelgium recorded a total of 701 disaster incidents, or almost 8 disasters ayear. From 1987 – 2000, the National Disaster Coordinating Councilrecorded 523 disasters, an average of 37 disasters annually, with totaldamage estimated at Php 150.071 Billion (OCD, 2001). In the year 2000alone, there were 259 disaster events noted, affecting 9,078,236 persons,with total cost of damage of Php 7.739 Billion. (NDCC, 2003)1.

The European Commission Humanitarian Aid Office Disaster RiskIndicators has ranked the Philippines as the 11th most disaster proneamong 115 counties.

In 2004, the Philippines was among the top 10 among countries of theworld with most killed (1,918 persons, rank 6) and most affected bydisasters (3,262,978, rank 5) . However, the Philippines was not amongthe top ten of biggest economic impact. (CRED Crunch, May 2005,www.em-dat.et). Note that the direct damages resulting from typhoonsalone from the period 1970-2000 on the average were equivalent to 0.5percent of GDP per year. (Benson, 2004 and ECHO 2003 cited in AStudy on Current Disaster Management Practice and Opportunities forStrengthening Local Capacities, April 2004)

1 The National Disaster Coordinating Council’s monitoring system since 1998 includes minor and major disasters .


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22

5. Explain that the Philippines’ predisposition to natural hazards is to asignificant extent a function of its geographical and physical characteristics.Located near the Western North Pacific Basin where 50% of the world’stropical cyclones are generated, 20 typhoons enter the country’s area ofresponsibility in a year, of which 9 make a landfall. The world’s largestarchipelago, it is composed of 7,100 islands with total land area of 30Million hectares. Communities along its 36,289 kilometers coastline areprone to storm surges and sea level changes. Flooding, especially in low-lying areas, is common due to rains brought about by typhoons,monsoons, thunderstorms, and inter-tropical convergence zone. El Ninooccurrences induce drought in many parts of the Philippines, posing aserious problem in agricultural production, potable water supply, andhydro-electricity generation.

The country is part of the western segment of the Pacific Ring of Fire andlies in between 2 major tectonic plates, whose movement create mountainranges, islands, volcanoes, earthquakes, and tsunamis. The country’s

topography thus varies from high mountains, accounting for 60% oflandmass, to plains and freshwater swamps. There are 220 volcanoes, ofwhich 22 are active. Five earthquakes, mostly imperceptible occur daily.Heavy rains and earthquake can trigger landslides and debris flows.

6. Highlight that aside from its particular geographical location and physicalcharacteristics, disaster frequency and loss is conditioned by thePhilippines’ social, economic and political environment. Vulnerabilityfactors such as such poverty, environmental depletion and degradation,rapid but unprepared expansion of urban areas, deficiencies indevelopment and disaster management planning, unsustainabledevelopment policies and practices (such as conversion of agricultural

lands for residential, industrial and commercial uses and export-orientedeconomy), patronage politics and “of guns, goons and gold” or “of money,movie stars and media”, greed and negligence, poor enforcement ofprovisions for public safety and environmental management, and reactivedisaster management orientation are causes if not aggravating factors tohave recurring and chronic disaster situation. These are barriers to theability of individuals, households, communities and society to protect itself,to prepare for, cope with, and recover from damaging events.

Rapid environmental degradation and resources depletion aggravates thecountry’s vulnerability to natural hazards. The country now finds itselfexperiencing a cycle of flooding, drought and red tide. Deforestation has

resulted in flooding, soil erosion, landslides and siltation. The destruction ofmangroves and coral reefs has resulted in the decline of fisheriesproduction and loss of natural protection of coastal communities from stormsurges and beach erosion.

The poverty situation of many Filipinos severely restricts capacity to copewith the many natural hazards and more so, to recover from the damageswrought by disasters. Adverse socio-economic situations lead people toinhabit high-risk areas and engage in unsustainable and dangerouslivelihoods.

7. Discuss further that human-made disasters also take a heavy toll. From1982 – 1990, there were 224 maritime accidents, mostly associated with


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weather disturbances. The collision of MV Dona Paz with an oil tanker isthe world’s worst peace time sea mishap, with 4,342 confirmed dead. ThePhilippines also holds a world record for the second worst disco fire with theOzone disco fire on March 18, 1996 near midnight with 162 dead and 104injured. Armed conflict in the country, especially in Mindanao causesrepeated displacement of whole communities, and contributes to theworsening disaster situation.

8. Point out that although the Philippines is ranked among the most disasterprone countries, it is also referred to internationally as one the developingcountries with a well articulated disaster management system andinstitutional arrangements in disaster management.

9. The basic law on the Philippine disaster management system is PD 1566dated June 11, 1978 “Strengthening the Philippine Disaster ControlCapability and Establishing the National Program on Community DisasterPreparedness.” PD 1566 lays down the policy, institutional and operational

framework for disaster management in the country. Stress the importancegiven by PD 1566 to local disaster management, though more onpreparedness for emergency situations.

10. Discuss the salient features of PD 1566, the disaster managementdoctrines, the setting up of the disaster coordinating council at the national,regional, provincial and down to the municipal and barangay level, themembers of the DCCs and usual organizational structure. Use visuals toshow the multi-level and multi-agency disaster management system of thecountry. .

PD 1566 doctrines:

Responsibility for leadership rests on the provincial governor, citymayors, and municipal mayors, (and barangay chairman), eachaccording to his area of responsibility.

Self reliance shall be developed by promoting and encouraging thespirit of self help and mutual assistance among the local officials andtheir constituents.

Each political and administrative subdivision of the country shall utilizeall available resources in the area before asking for assistance fromneighboring entities or higher authority.

The primary responsibility rests on the government agencies in theaffected areas in coordination with the people themselves.

Planning and Operation to be done at the barangay/community level.

11. Run through the other the laws and policies on disaster management. Advise the Participants that the laws and policies with particular relevanceto the barangays will be elaborated tomorrow as part of Module 2 onBarangay Governance and Disaster Management..

12. The Philippines is also recognized internationally as having a head start inimplementing community based disaster management, but recurringdisaster occurrence and loss necessitates widespread replication andapplication of the more proactive disaster preparedness, mitigation andprevention. NDCC has taken on the community based approach as a keystrategy in disaster management.


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24

13. End by answering Participants’ questions and summarize the main points

taken up in the session.

Materials Needed:

1. About 10 to 20 pictures and news clippings on clothesline or on the wallsof various disasters all over the Philippines.

2. Straw and clips or masking tape3. Powerpoint presentation or meta cards

Duration: 1.5 hours

Readings for Facilitator:

1. The Philippine Disaster Situation: Risk Profile CY 1995 – 2004, Office ofCivil Defense

2. The Philippine Disaster Management System, Office of Civil Defense

Tips for Facilitator:1. Sessions 1 and 2 can be compressed to save time and be called Local and

National Disaster Situation. Similar to gallery, pictures of disasters which hap-pened in the locality can be the starting point. An exercise “Pin a Disaster”(similar to pin the tail of the donkey) can be used using both pictures of local and

national disasters. Note with the Participants that the pictures of disasters whichhappen to other places look very similar to those which they experience since thewhole Philippines is exposed to many hazards due to its particular location andgeophysical characteristics.

2. Whether a disaster is major or minor, of national or local proportion, it is thebarangay and community who suffer most from its damaging effects. They usecoping and survival strategies to face and respond to the situation long beforeoutside help arrives.

3. The fresh experience of damage and loss from a disaster generates interest in thecommunity to protect themselves from future harm and suffering.


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CROSSCROSS--ORGANIZATIONAL INTEGRATIONORGANIZATIONAL INTEGRATION

IntegrationIntegration of disaster management within loc al government functions,of disaster management within local government functions,inin coordinationcoordination with the national authorities and inwith the national authorities and in partnershippartnership withwiththe active agents of societythe active agents of society

National AuthoritiesNational Authorities Civil SocietyCivil Society

Local GovernmentLocal Government

Land Use PlanningLand Use Planning

Building andBuilding and

ConstructionConstruction

Social ServicesSocial Services

Financial PlanningFinancial Planning

EngineeringEngineering

EmergencyEmergency

ManagementManagement

Public SafetyPublic Safety

EducationEducation

Academe/Schools Academe/Schools BusinessBusinessMediaMedia

NGO’sNGO’s PO’sPO’s

Source: Disaster Preparedness Seminar for Local Chief Executives, 2005c/o Atty. Priscilla Duque, Office of Civil Defense and World Bank DisasterRisk Management Course on line – Safe Cities by Fouad Bendimerad

41,960

116

1,494


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26

Reference

THE PHILIPPINE DISASTER SITUATIONRisk Profile – CY 1995-2004

The Philippines is one of the most frequently affected by disasters. Itoccupies the western rim of the Pacific Ocean (Western Segment of the PacificRing of Fire), the most active part of the earth that is occupied by an ocean-circlingbelt of active volcanoes and earthquake generators. Our country is also locatedbetween two big bodies of water, namely; the Pacific Ocean and the South ChinaSea, where tropical cyclones develop.

Aside from the occurrence of most forms of natural hazards, current trendsin industrialization, level of economic development, rapid population growth,

pattern of human settlement and environment degradation increase the country’svulnerability to disasters.

For the past ten (10) years, 1995-2004, the NDCC was able to monitor andmanage 3,023 disaster events, such as:

- 84 destructive tropical cyclones- 2,290 human-induced- 649 other natural disasters

A total of one hundred seventy-two (172) tropical cyclones (TCs) enteredthe Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR). The most destructive typhoonsin terms of casualties, affected population and damage to properties werethe following:

Year Typhoon Casualties

Dead Injured Missing

Population Affected

Estimated Costof Damage

1995 Rosing 936 4,152 376 4,583,615 P 10.799B

1998 Loleng 303 751 29 3,901,673 P 6.7887B

2001 Feria 188 241 44 1,903,113 P 3.586B

2003 Harurot 64 154 2 1,795,601 P 3.234B

2004 UndingVioletaWinnie

Yoyong

1,068 1,163 553 3,643,770 P 7.452B

Other natural hazards monitored were floods, baby tornadoes, landslides,heavy rains, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and drought/El Nino phenomena.They are as follows:

• Floods – the most number of occurrences and effects in terms ofcasualties, damage to agriculture and affected populations. The mostdestructive were the Mt. Parker/Lake Maughan Flooding in South Cotabatoin 1995 and 2002, and CARAGA Flooding in 2001, 2002and 2003

• Landslides – in Aurora and Quezon Provinces in December 2004, SouthernLeyte in December 2003, Payatas Trashlide in Quezon City in July 2000and Cherry Hills in Antipolo City in August 1999


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• Earthquake – in Metro Manila and Region 1 in 1999, South Cotabato in2002 and Masbate and Eastern Samar in 2003

• Volcanic eruption – Mayon Volcano erupted in June 2001 and March 2000,after the February eruption in 1993.

• El Nino Phenomenon – The occurrence in the first and second quarter of

1998, where all regions were affected, particularly in Mindanao.

Man-Made incidents, which included fire, grenade explosion, air, sea androad accidents, disease outbreaks and complex emergencies, were alsomonitored. Some of which were the following:

• Structural fires – Superferry Vessel Fire in 2004, BASECO Fire Incidents in2002, 2003 and 2004, M/V Carmela Vessel Fire in April 2002, Forest Fire inPalawan in 1998, Lung Center of the Philippines Fire in 1998, Ozone DiscoFire in 1996

• Air Accidents – Air Philippines Flight 541 in 2000, Asian Spirit Crash in1999 and Cebu Pacific Air Crash in 1998

• Sea Accidents – Sinking of M/L Annahada in April 2000, MV Asia SouthKorea in December 1999, M/V Princess of the orient in September 1998,M/V Kalibo Star in 1997, ML Gretchen I in April 1996, M/V Melody Cristyburning in December 1995

Source: Office of Civil Defense


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28

Reference

THE PHILIPPINE DISASTER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Disaster Management Law – Presidential Decree 1566 (PD 1566)) dated June11, 1978“ Strengthening the Philippine Disaster Contro l Capability andEstablishing the National Program on community Disaster Preparedness

PD 1566 – Disaster Management Doctrines:

• Self-reliance shall be developed by promoting and encouraging the spirit ofself help and mutual assistance among local officials and their constituents;

• Each political and administrative subdivision of the country shall utilize allavailable resources in the area before asking for assistance fromneighboring entities or higher authority;

• The primary responsibility rests on the government agencies in the affectedareas in coordination with the people themselves;

• It shall be the responsibility of all government departments, bureaus,agencies, and instrumentalities to have documented plans of theiremergency functions and activities;

• Planning and operation shall also be done on the barangay level in an inter-agency, multi-sectoral basis to optimize the utilization of resources;

• Responsibility for leadership rests on the Provincial Governor,City/Municipal Mayors, and Barangay Chairmen, each according to his areaof responsibility;

• The national government exists to support the local governments. In time ofemergencies and according to their level of assignment, all nationalgovernment offices in the field shall support the operations of the localgovernments; and

• To ensure that operational activities become automatic and second natureto all concerned, exercises and periodic drills shall be conducted at alllevels, principally at the Barangays.

Other Policies in Disaster Management

• EO 159, s-1968 - -Mandatory organization and training of Disaster ControlGroups/Safety Committees in public and private establishments, whichincludes schools and other educational institutions).

• Rule 1040 – Occupational Safety and Health Standards In every place of employment, a safety committee shall be organized withinsixty (60) days after this standard takes effect and for new establishments,within one (1) month from the date the business starts operating.

• PD 1566, Sec. 8 – Conduct of Regular Drills and ExercisesOrganizational drills shall be conducted within sixty (60) days after theeffectivity of this decree and to be repeated periodically thereafter. Suchdrills and exercises shall be supervised by the department or agencyconcerned.


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• PD 1185 – Fire Code of the Philippines- Fire exit drill, where required, shall be held with sufficient frequency to

familiarize all occupants with the drill procedure and to have the conductof the drill a matter of established routine

- Drills shall be held in unexpected times and under varying conditions tosimulate the unusual conditions obtaining in case of fire.

• Local Government Code of 1991Sec. 16. General Welfare Clause

Sec. 17. Basic Services and Facilities Devolved to LGUs

Sec. 192. Authority to Grant Tax Exemption Privileges

Sec. 276. Condonation or reduction of Real Property Tax and Interest

The National Disaster Coordinating Council (NDCC)

The establishment of the NDCC is embodied in Sec. 2 of PD 1566

A. Structure:

It is through the NDCC member-agencies that disaster preparedness,mitigation, and response carry out its corresponding tasks and responsibilitiesunder the NDCC system. The NDCC, unlike the other department coordinatingbodies, does not have its own regular budget to disburse. It operates through themember-agencies and its local networks, which are the regional and local disastercoordinating councils.

The members of the Council are the following:

Secretary, DND Chairman

Secretary, DILG Member

Secretary, DPWH Member

Secretary, DOH Member

Secretary, DSWD Member

Secretary, DA Member

Secretary, DepEd Member

Secretary, DOF Member

Secretary, DOLE Member

Secretary, DTI Member

Secretary, DOTC Member

Secretary, DOST Member (Phivolcs & PAGASA issuewarning and advisory)

Secretary, DBM Member

Secretary, DOJ Member

Secretary, DENR Member

Director, PIA Member


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Sec. Gen , PNRC Member

Chief of Staff, AFP Member

Administrator, OCD Member & Executive Officer

B. Functions:

• The highest policy making, coordinating, and supervising body at thenational level for disaster management in the country

• Advises the President on the status of national disaster preparednessand management plans

• Recommends to the President the declaration of State of Calamity(covering a wide area) and release of National Calamity Fund to supporturgent & emergency activities.

C. Disaster Coordinating Council (DCC) Organizational Network

National Disaster Coordinating Council (NDCC)

16 Regional Disaster Coordinating Councils (RDCCs)

80 Provincial Disaster Coordinating Councils (PDCCs)

116 City Disaster Coordinating Councils (CDCCs)

1,494 Municipal Disaster Coordinating Councils (MDCCs)

41,960 Barangay Disaster Coordinating Councils (BDCCs)

Typical Disaster Coordinating Council Organization

ORG NIZ TION OF DIS STER COORD IN TING COUNC ILS

CHAIRMAN

VI CE - CH AI RM AN

INTEL & DISASTER AN ALYS IS

CIVIL DEFENSE DEPUTIZEDCOORDINATOR

PLANS & OPERATIONS RESOURCES

COMMO ANDWARNING

TRANSPORTATION RELIEF EVACUATIONHEALTH POLICE

STAFF COMMITTEES

SERVICE COMMITTEES

FIRE RESCUE & ENG`G REHABILITATION PUBLIC INFO

DISASTER OPERATIONCENTER

(PROVINCIAL, CITY AND MUN ICIPAL LEVELS)


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C. NDCC Comprehensive Disaster/Emergency Management Framework

N D C C C O M P R E H E N S I V E E M E R G E N C Y

M A N A G E M E N T F R A M E W O R K

P O S T V N T

P R V N T

Mitigation - refers to the measures aimed at minimizing the impact of a natural orman-made disaster on a nation or community in terms of casualties and damages.It also refers to measures designed to prevent natural phenomena from causing orresulting to disasters or other related emergencies, such as:

• Insurance – property, personal, accident, fire, earthquake, etc.

• Regulations – safety regulations, land use zoning, etc.

• Codes – building and fire codes

• Legislations – relevant laws and ordinances

Preparedness – refers to pre-disaster actions and measures being undertaken to

avert or minimize loss of lives and properties such as but not limited to communityorganizing, training, planning, equipping, stockpiling, hazard mapping, and publicinformation and educational initiatives. Some of which are the following:

• Plans – contingency plans, fire and earthquake evacuation plans,etc.

• Information – rapid dissemination of information through massmedia, population awareness, etc.

• Resources – Available response units, capabilities, equipment,manpower, location, contact nos., etc.

• Education and training – training of local chief executives,provincial/municipal civic defense deputized coordinators, organicpersonnel, auxiliaries, volunteers, etc.

Response – refers to any concerted effort by 2 or more agencies, public or private,to provide emergency assistance or relief to persons affected by disasters orcalamities and in the restoration of essential public activities and facilities, such as:

• Alert – receipt and rapid dissemination of warnings to threatenedcommunities/population

• Notification – immediate notification of response units

• Consequence management – immediate notification of responseunits


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Rehabilitation – refers to the process by which the affected communities/areas ordamaged public infrastructures are restored to their normal level or their actualcondition prior to the occurrence of the disaster or calamity, such as:

• Funding – emergency assistance from national and local calamityfunds and various government sources

•

Loans and grants – loans and grants extended by NGOs andinternational NGOs

• Assistance – extended by government agencies and NGOs,international NGOs, etc.

The Office of Civil Defense (OCD) – As NDCC Executive Arm

The OCD has the primary task of coordinating the activities and functions ofvarious government agencies and instrumentalities, private institutions and civicorganizations for the protection and preservation of life and property duringemergencies.

Functions:

• To establish and administer a comprehensive national civil defense andcivil assistance program

• To formulate plans and policies for the protection and welfare of thecivilian population in time of war directly involving the Philippines orother national emergencies of equally grave character

• To develop and coordinate a program for informing, educating andtraining the general public, members of the disaster coordinatingcouncils and disaster control groups on civil defense and civilassistance measures

•

To furnish guidance to various provinces, cities, municipalities andbarangays in the planning, organization and operation of their civildefense organization

• To estimate the total material, manpower and fiscal requirements ofcarrying out the civil defense program, and allocate to the provinces,cities and municipalities such aid in facilities, materials and funds asmay be made available from the national government.

Calamity Area Declaration

A. When is an Event a Disaster?- At least 20% of the population are affected and in need of emergency

assistance or those dwelling units have been destroyed;- A great number or at least 40% of the means of livelihood such as

bancas, fishing boats, vehicles and the like are destroyed- Major roads and bridges are destroyed and impassable for at least a

week, thus disrupting the flow of transport and commerce- Widespread destruction of fishponds, crops, poultry and livestock, and

other agricultural products- Epidemics

B. Why the Need for State of Calamity Area Declaration- To facilitate relief and rehabilitation efforts in calamity-affected areas;- To control prices and prevent hoarding of basic commodities;


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- To carry out remedial measures in the affected areas such as grant ofcalamity loans to disaster victims, moratorium in the payment of taxesand release of funds from the national and local governments

C. Who May Declare a State of Calamity?1. Be the President of the Philippines

When two or more provinces or chartered cities are affected bya calamity, the NDCC shall recommend to the President thedeclaration of a State of Calamity over these areas, including therelease of calamity funds, if necessary, and implementation ofappropriate remedial measures.

2. By LGUs- Whenever a disaster or calamity occurs ,the local DCC shall

conduct a survey of the affected area within 24 hours upon theimpact to determine the extent of casualties and damagesbrought about by the calamity;

- Based on the damage assessment and evaluation of the DCC,

the LCE shall recommend to the local Sanggunian thedeclaration of a State of Calamity in the disaster area, togetherwith appropriate disaster mitigation measures;

- Within 24 hours from the occurrence of the calamity and actingon the basis of the recommendation of the LCE, the localSanggunian concerned shall immediately convene and pass aResolution declaring their area under a State of Calamity andadopt measures to protect the lives and properties in the area;

- When two or more barangays are affected by a disaster, theSangguniang Bayan or Panglunsod, upon the recommendationof the Municipal/City Mayor, may declare the entire municipalityor city under a State of Calamity. The Sanggunian Resolution

embodying the declaration need not be reviewed or approved bythe Sangguniang Panlalawigan;

- When two or more municipalities or cities are affected by adisaster, the Sangguniang Panlalawigan, upon therecommendation of the Provincial Governor, amy declare theentire province or a portion thereof under a State of Calamity.The Sangguniang Bayan/Panglunsod of the affected town or cityneed not declare their areas as calamity areas.

Source: Office of Civil Defense


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1. Explain the relationship of hazard, vulnerability and capacity todisaster and disaster risk;

2. Give examples of disaster management activities to reduce

vulnerability and capacity in the pre-, during and post- disasterperiod;

3. Explain the importance and features of community based disastermanagement

Key Points: 1. A disaster occurs when a hazard strikes a vulnerable community whose

capacity is inadequate to withstand or cope with its adverse effects,resulting in damages, loss and disruption in community functioning.

2. A hazard is a phenomena, event, occurrence or human activity whichhas the potential for causing injury to life or damage to property,livelihood, community facilities, and the environment

3. Vulnerability is a set of prevailing and long term factors, conditions andweaknesses which adversely affects the ability of individuals,households, organizations and the community to protect itself, copewith or recover from the damaging effects of a disaster.

4. Capacities are knowledge, skills, resources, abilities, coping strategiesand strengths present in individuals, households, organizations and thecommunity which enable them to prevent, mitigate, prepare for andcope with damaging effects of hazards or quickly recover from adisaster.

5. Disaster risk is the likelihood or probability of a hazard striking acommunity, causing injury, damage and loss.

6. Disaster management is a range of activities (preparedness,mitigation, prevention, emergency response, recovery) that contributeto increasing capacities and reducing immediate and long-termvulnerabilities to prevent or at least minimize damaging impact in a

community.

Module 1 SESSION 3: UNDERSTANDING DISASTERS

AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT

8/18/2019 BDRR

BDRRM Training Facilitators Guide and Sourcebook.pdf

Documents

Transcript of BDRRM Training Facilitators Guide and Sourcebook.pdf