Basis for Classification Rock Classification · Bowen’s Reaction Series • What is a reaction?...

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Rock Classification Rock Classification Chapter 1, pp. 20-24 Basis for Classification Basis for Classification • Minerals present in the rock – Best for coarse-grained rocks – Useful for field work • Chemical Composition – Works for fine-grained rock – Expensive and takes time Chemical Classification Chemical Classification • CIPW norm – Calculated minerals from chemical analysis • Saturation concept – Si saturation • Acid to basic – Al saturation • Harker-Peacock index – Alkalies vs calcium Silica Saturation Silica Saturation Acid SiO 2 > 66 % Intermediate SiO 2 52 to 66 % Basic SiO 2 45 to 52 % Ultrabasic SiO 2 < 52 % Aluminum Saturation Aluminum Saturation Based on the feldspar ratio 1:1:3 (NaAlSi 3 O 8 ) Peraluminous Al 2 O 3 > (CaO + Na 2 O + K 2 O) Peralkaline (Na 2 O + K 2 O) > Al 2 O 3 Earth Composition Earth Composition There are 4 important compositions for petrologic interpretation of the Earth • General Earth composition • Mantle composition • Oceanic crust composition • Continental crust composition

Transcript of Basis for Classification Rock Classification · Bowen’s Reaction Series • What is a reaction?...

Page 1: Basis for Classification Rock Classification · Bowen’s Reaction Series • What is a reaction? • Olivine to Pyroxene Mg2SiO4 + SiO2 = 2MgSiO3 • Reaction textures in the rocks

Rock ClassificationRock Classification

Chapter 1, pp. 20-24

Basis for ClassificationBasis for Classification• Minerals present in the rock

– Best for coarse-grained rocks– Useful for field work

• Chemical Composition – Works for fine-grained rock– Expensive and takes time

Chemical ClassificationChemical Classification• CIPW norm

– Calculated minerals from chemical analysis

• Saturation concept– Si saturation

• Acid to basic– Al saturation

• Harker-Peacock index– Alkalies vs calcium

Silica SaturationSilica Saturation

Acid SiO2 > 66 %

Intermediate SiO2 52 to 66 %

Basic SiO2 45 to 52 %

Ultrabasic SiO2 < 52 %

Aluminum SaturationAluminum Saturation

Based on the feldspar ratio 1:1:3 (NaAlSi3O8)

Peraluminous Al2O3 > (CaO + Na2O + K2O)

Peralkaline (Na2O + K2O) > Al2O3

Earth CompositionEarth Composition

There are 4 important compositions for petrologic interpretation of the Earth

• General Earth composition

• Mantle composition

• Oceanic crust composition

• Continental crust composition

Page 2: Basis for Classification Rock Classification · Bowen’s Reaction Series • What is a reaction? • Olivine to Pyroxene Mg2SiO4 + SiO2 = 2MgSiO3 • Reaction textures in the rocks

Bowen’s Reaction SeriesBowen’s Reaction Series

• What is a reaction?

• Olivine to Pyroxene

Mg2SiO4 + SiO2 = 2MgSiO3

• Reaction textures in the rocks

SpinelsSpinels

• General formula is AB2O4

• A is a +2 cation (Mg, Fe+2, etc.)

• B is a +3 cation (Fe+3, Al, Cr)

• Some Ti+4 can substitute in B

Common Spinel Family Minerals

• Magnetite FeFe2O4

• Spinel MgAl2O4

• Hercynite FeAl2O4

• Chromite FeCr2O4

Triangular Diagrams

Page 3: Basis for Classification Rock Classification · Bowen’s Reaction Series • What is a reaction? • Olivine to Pyroxene Mg2SiO4 + SiO2 = 2MgSiO3 • Reaction textures in the rocks

Feldspar ClassificationFeldspar ClassificationPyroxene ClassificationPyroxene Classification

Basalt Basalt ClassificationClassification

Phases:

Augite (Cpx)Hypersthene (Hy)Olivine (Oliv)Plagioclase (Plag)Nepheline (Ne)

UltramaficUltramaficClassificationClassification

PlutonicPlutonicClassificationClassification

Based on 4 phases

QuartzAlkali FeldsparPlagioclaseFeldspathoids

Volcanic Volcanic ClassificationClassification

Based on 4 phases

QuartzAlkali FeldsparPlagioclaseFeldspathoids

Page 4: Basis for Classification Rock Classification · Bowen’s Reaction Series • What is a reaction? • Olivine to Pyroxene Mg2SiO4 + SiO2 = 2MgSiO3 • Reaction textures in the rocks

Basalt Basalt DiscriminatorDiscriminator Basalt TrendsBasalt Trends

Si ActivitySi Activity

• αSiO2• Based on s set of

reactions• Limits three main

magma series


PUBLICATIONS · BEARD: A SECOND PERITECTIC REACTION IN BOWEN’S 3 REACTION SERIES tonalites (Rapp et al. 1991). This work and that which succeeded it throughout the 1990s was

PUBLICATIONS · BEARD: A SECOND PERITECTIC REACTION IN BOWEN’S 3 REACTION SERIES tonalites (Rapp et al. 1991). This work and that which succeeded it throughout the 1990s was

110 111 C05 CO 874636 - Mr. Pelton Sciencepeltonscience.weebly.com/uploads/4/6/7/2/46721149/chapter_5_textbook... · Bowen’s Reaction Series In the early 1900s, Canadian geologist

110 111 C05 CO 874636 - Mr. Pelton Sciencepeltonscience.weebly.com/uploads/4/6/7/2/46721149/chapter_5_textbook... · Bowen’s Reaction Series In the early 1900s, Canadian geologist

Bowen’s Reaction Series - Weeblyfoxsciencecentre.weebly.com/.../bowens_reaction_series_explanation.pdfBowen’s Reaction Series ... (Source: Aurora Pun) ... each rock type, also

Bowen’s Reaction Series - Weeblyfoxsciencecentre.weebly.com/.../bowens_reaction_series_explanation.pdfBowen’s Reaction Series ... (Source: Aurora Pun) ... each rock type, also

Making Sense of Igneous Rock Composition- Academic Version fileBackground Information: Bowen’s Reaction Series explains why certain types of minerals are usually found together in

Making Sense of Igneous Rock Composition- Academic Version fileBackground Information: Bowen’s Reaction Series explains why certain types of minerals are usually found together in

U4L4 - Igneous Rocks · bowen’s reaction series Bowen’s reaction series - illustrates relationship between cooling magma and formation of minerals that make up igneous rock

U4L4 - Igneous Rocks · bowen’s reaction series Bowen’s reaction series - illustrates relationship between cooling magma and formation of minerals that make up igneous rock

No Slide Title · Bowen’s Reaction Series •Bowen’s reaction series the simplified pattern that illustrates the order in which minerals ... No Slide Title Author: Marie Saxon

No Slide Title · Bowen’s Reaction Series •Bowen’s reaction series the simplified pattern that illustrates the order in which minerals ... No Slide Title Author: Marie Saxon

By: Mina Kim Instructor: Dianne Phillips. Purpose: to learn a new program while learning a General Geology concept. I was assigned the Bowen’s Reaction.

By: Mina Kim Instructor: Dianne Phillips. Purpose: to learn a new program while learning a General Geology concept. I was assigned the Bowen’s Reaction.

Igneous Rocks and Their Origindsw/chap5_volc.pdf · Bowen’s Reaction Series. Lessons from Bowen’s Reaction Series • Variety of igneous rocks is produced by variety of magma

Igneous Rocks and Their Origindsw/chap5_volc.pdf · Bowen’s Reaction Series. Lessons from Bowen’s Reaction Series • Variety of igneous rocks is produced by variety of magma

Chapter 4web.nmsu.edu/~dshearer/geology/04_IgnRks/Mod04-IgnRocks-HO.pdf · Chapter 4 Igneous Rocks and Intrusive ... Bowen’s reaction series Bowen’s reaction series describes

Chapter 4web.nmsu.edu/~dshearer/geology/04_IgnRks/Mod04-IgnRocks-HO.pdf · Chapter 4 Igneous Rocks and Intrusive ... Bowen’s reaction series Bowen’s reaction series describes

Phase Equilibria. Olivine and Clinopyroxene (Augite) follow Bowen’s Reaction Series, Discontinuous Side. Olivine appears first, then decreases as pyroxenes.

Phase Equilibria. Olivine and Clinopyroxene (Augite) follow Bowen’s Reaction Series, Discontinuous Side. Olivine appears first, then decreases as pyroxenes.

Bowen’s Chemical Stability Series · Thus olivine, the highest mineral on Bowen’s reaction series, is extremely chemically unstable and, under the right conditions, will begin

Bowen’s Chemical Stability Series · Thus olivine, the highest mineral on Bowen’s reaction series, is extremely chemically unstable and, under the right conditions, will begin

[PPT]Bowen’s Reaction Serieschilphysics.weebly.com/uploads/2/2/9/5/22950116/3_bowen... · Web viewBowen’s Reaction Series The minerals that form at the top of the B.R.S. chart

[PPT]Bowen’s Reaction Serieschilphysics.weebly.com/uploads/2/2/9/5/22950116/3_bowen... · Web viewBowen’s Reaction Series The minerals that form at the top of the B.R.S. chart

The Rock Cycleabykerk-kauffman.yourweb.csuchico.edu/courses... · Bowen’s Reaction Series Figure 3.13 on p. 61 of your textbook shows a very important diagram called “Bowen’s

The Rock Cycleabykerk-kauffman.yourweb.csuchico.edu/courses... · Bowen’s Reaction Series Figure 3.13 on p. 61 of your textbook shows a very important diagram called “Bowen’s

Chapter 5: Igneous Rocks - Buncombe County Schools System · Figure 5-6on page 104 illustrates Bowen’s reaction series. Feldspars In Bowen’s reaction series, the right branch

Chapter 5: Igneous Rocks - Buncombe County Schools System · Figure 5-6on page 104 illustrates Bowen’s reaction series. Feldspars In Bowen’s reaction series, the right branch

Magma and Igneous Rocks - drhoyle.ca · Bowen’s reaction series I –Discontinuous branch •Olivine normally crystallizes first, at 1300-1200°C. •As temp drops, and assuming

Magma and Igneous Rocks - drhoyle.ca · Bowen’s reaction series I –Discontinuous branch •Olivine normally crystallizes first, at 1300-1200°C. •As temp drops, and assuming

Bowen’s Chemical Stability Series - TAMIU Home · Thus olivine, the highest mineral on Bowen’s reaction series, is extremely chemically unstable and, under the right conditions,

Bowen’s Chemical Stability Series - TAMIU Home · Thus olivine, the highest mineral on Bowen’s reaction series, is extremely chemically unstable and, under the right conditions,

EPSC210 Introductory Mineralogy Inosilicates. Bowen’s reaction series.

EPSC210 Introductory Mineralogy Inosilicates. Bowen’s reaction series.

  · Web viewThe Bowen’s Reaction Series with ferromagnesian silicate minerals in bold-italic text and nonferromagnesian ... The word phaneritic literally means ...

  · Web viewThe Bowen’s Reaction Series with ferromagnesian silicate minerals in bold-italic text and nonferromagnesian ... The word phaneritic literally means ...

Bowen’s Reaction Series. - Elkheta

Bowen’s Reaction Series. - Elkheta

The Rock Cycle · reaction series. Bowen’s reaction series indicates that we can produce a magma of nearly any composition from an initial ultramafic or mafic (basalt)

The Rock Cycle · reaction series. Bowen’s reaction series indicates that we can produce a magma of nearly any composition from an initial ultramafic or mafic (basalt)