Basics of Fire Sprinkler Design - ASCET
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Transcript of Basics of Fire Sprinkler Design - ASCET
Basics of Fire Sprinkler Design
K.S. “Buck” Collier
NICET Level III Fire Protection Engineering Technology/Water Based Systems Layout.
Have worked in industry 28 years. January 1986 to December 1999 employed by Commonwealth Sprinkler Company
February 2000 to present employed by K & E Fire Sprinkler
K.S. Collier
Water SupplyOccupancyBuilding Construction
Elements with Largest Impact on Sprinkler Design
Basic Definition- The water that is available to the building/job site. The design of the sprinkler system is based on this available water
Varies from project to project Can be public or private Public- Locality provides water flow data
◦ Some perform hydrant flow test◦ Some provide calculated information
Private- designs will include tank and pump
Water Supply
The three elements of the water supply are:
Static PressureResidual PressureWater Flow
Water Supply
Static Pressure: The pressure available with no water flow
Residual Pressure: The pressure available with a water flow Flow: The amount of gallons per minute of the water flow
These three make up the Water Supply Curve
Water Supply
Water Supply Curve
Occupancy Determines Hazard Classification Light Hazard (Schools, Office Buildings, Restaurant Seating Areas, Hospitals) Ordinary Hazard Group I (Parking deck, restaurant service area, beverage
manufacturing) Group 2 (Repair garages, mercantile, barns, chemical plants,
piers, wood shop) Extra HazardGroup 1 (Aircraft hangers, printing, saw mills,) Group 2 (Flammable liquid spraying, Manufactured home
assemblies, plastic processing)
Occupancy
The Fire Hazards are based on fuel load
Each Fire Hazard has its own design criteria
Design Criteria are the requirements to which the sprinkler system design is based
Occupancy
Water Density Coverage per Sprinkler Spacing per Sprinkler Remote Area
Design Criteria
Water Density= Gallons per minute (GPM) per sq. ft. covered by the sprinkler
Light hazard= .10 gpm per sq. ft.Ordinary hazard
Group 1= .15 gpm per sq. ft.Group 2 =.20 gpm per sq. ft.
Extra HazardGroup 1 = .30 gpm per sq. ft.Group 2 = .40 gpm per sq. ft
Design Criteria
Coverage per Sprinkler (max. square footage)
Light hazard= 225 sq. ft.
Ordinary hazard= 130 sq. ft.
Extra Hazard= 100 sq. ft.
Design Criteria
Spacing for a Standard Sprinkler (max.)
Light hazard= 15’-0”
Ordinary hazard= 15’-0”
Extra Hazard= 12’-0”
Design Criteria
Remote Area- The area that must be proven, by hydraulic calculations, that if all sprinklers activate, the piping and supply can provide the required pressure and gpm
Light Hazard- minimum of 1500 sq. ft
Ordinary Hazard- minimum of 1500 sq. ft
Extra Hazard- minimum of 2500 sq. ft.
Design Critera
Hazard Comparisons
Construction of Building Effects Design of Sprinkler System◦ Sloped Ceilings
Impact reaction time of sprinklers thus requiring an increase in remote area size by 30%.
1500 sq ft. +30% (450 sq. ft.) = 1950 sq. ft.◦ Unconditioned Spaces
Dry System required for unconditioned spaces Dry Systems impact reaction time of sprinklers thus
requiring and increase in remote area size by 30%. 1500 sq ft. +30% (450 sq. ft.) = 1950 sq. ft.
Building Construction
Example: seasonal restaurant seating area◦ Heated flat ceiling
1500 sq ft remote area◦ Unheated flat ceiling
1500 sq ft. +30% (450 sq. ft.) = 1950 sq. ft. remote area
◦ Unheated sloped ceiling 1500 sq ft. +30% (450 sq. ft.) = 1950 sq. ft. +30%
(585 sq. ft.) = 2535 sq. ft. remote area
Building Construction
Thank you for allowing me to give this brief presentation on Basics of Fire Sprinkler
Design
Sincerely,K.S. “Buck” Collier
February 5, 2014
ASCET Central Virginia Chapter