Basic Referee 8/10/06-A1 Basic Referee Course Regional Referee Badge Required for U9 and above No...
-
Upload
darcy-spencer -
Category
Documents
-
view
223 -
download
0
Transcript of Basic Referee 8/10/06-A1 Basic Referee Course Regional Referee Badge Required for U9 and above No...
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 1
Basic Referee CourseBasic Referee Course
Regional Referee Badge Required for U9 and above No Prerequisites
Requirements: Register for course Attend course Sign roster + eAYSO pre-reg. Pass tests Signed volunteer application Field clinic (recommended)
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 2
Basic Referee CourseBasic Referee Course *** Opening Remarks (Introductions & Housekeeping) (15 min.) ***
Module 1 Safe Haven Certification (40 min.) [video][test] Module 2 The Game of Soccer (10 min.) Module 3 Pre-game Preparation (15 min.) [video] Module 4 Starting the Game (10 min.) Module 5 Stopping Play (15 min.) Module 6 Restarting Play (120 min.) [video][field][class] *** Lunch Served (30 min.) ***
Module 7 Fouls (45 min.) [video] Module 8 Misconduct (15 min.) Module 9 Offside (45 min.) (Will use The Soccer Tutor Program) Module 10 Referee and Assistant Referee Mechanics (15 min.) Module 11 Post Game (10 min.) [video] *** Break (5 min. ***
Module 12 Referee Support & Review (15 min.) *** Basic Referee Test and Review (45 min.) ***
Field Positioning Clinic (45 min.) [field]
—Agenda —
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 3
Basic Referee Course IntroBasic Referee Course Intro 3 min.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 4
Why Are You Here?Why Are You Here?
Top Reasons: I need the money My spouse signed me up If I don’t do it my kids can’t play Youth Referee Benefits
Whatever your reason for being here — Let’s make it an enjoyable learning experience!
Community service - Yes Earn registration fees - Yes Earn referee points for team - Yes
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 5
Module 1 – Referee Safe Haven
Audio Version Next Module
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 6
About AYSOAbout AYSO
A volunteer run soccer organization Over 650,000 players Over 300,000 volunteers About 60 paid staff
Organized into about: 15 Sections 50 Areas 1000 Local Regions
Founded in 1964 in Torrance CA National office located in Hawthorne, CA
(1-800-USA-AYSO or www.soccer.org)
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 7
What is Safe Haven?What is Safe Haven?
An AYSO program developed to help us protect: The kids in our program, and Ourselves
Safe Haven Includes: Rules & Regulations Polices & Procedures Job Descriptions Certification & Training Background Checks (conducted by National)
Certification: Child-specific Safe Haven courses. Training: Discipline-specific courses e.g. coach,
referee and management training courses.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 8
AYSO PhilosophyAYSO Philosophy Everyone Plays
Our program goal is for kids to play soccer — so we mandate that every player on every team must play at least half of every game
Balanced Teams Each year we form new teams as evenly balanced as possible — because it is fair and
more fun when teams of equal ability play.
Open Registration Our program is open to all children between 4 and 19 years of age who want to
register and play soccer. Interest and enthusiasm are the only criteria for playing.
Positive Coaching Encouragement of player effort provides for greater enjoyment by the players and
ultimately leads to better-skilled and better-motivated players.
Good Sportsmanship We strive to create a positive environment based on mutual respect rather than a win-
at-all-costs attitude, and our program is designed to instill good sportsmanship in every facet of AYSO.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 9
Volunteer ResponsibilitiesVolunteer Responsibilities& Legal Protections
Volunteers must submit an AYSO volunteer application form every year.
Volunteers must follow AYSO job descriptions, policies, procedures and guidelines.
Volunteers are also required to: Complete Safe Haven Certification Be properly trained And, be authorized by a region to do their job
Volunteers are protected by Good Samaritan laws & the Federal Volunteer Protection Act of 1997
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 10
Alcohol, Tobacco & Other DrugsAlcohol, Tobacco & Other Drugs
AYSO National Rules & Regulations prohibit the use of alcohol, tobacco & other drugs at practices and games and in the immediate vicinity of the fields.
Volunteers are role models and must act accordingly at all times.
Volunteer Protection Act of 1997 does not provide protection for criminal acts.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 11
Supervision PoliciesSupervision Policies
Recommended supervision ratios: One adult per 8 or fewer children (1:8) At least 2 adults present at all times. At least 1 adult of the same gender.
Volunteers should never be alone with children.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 12
Types of AbuseTypes of Abuse
Emotional Physical Sexual
Neglect – (e.g. Left at the field) Ethical – (e.g. Encouraged to cheat)
3 Widely Recognized
2 Newly Recognized
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 13
Prevent False AccusationsPrevent False Accusations
Avoid being alone with a child. Stay within the sight of others. Respect their privacy and yours. Avoid sexual jokes, comments or
gestures.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 14
AYSO Touching PolicyAYSO Touching Policy
Some forms of touching are acceptable. In response to child’s not adult’s needs. Touch only with child’s permission
Resistance must be respected. Touching must be brief in duration. Avoid touching child’s private areas. Never touch a child when out of sight. Factors change with age and gender.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 15
Blood-Borne DiseasesBlood-Borne Diseases
Possibility of contracting a blood-borne disease is minimal, however, precautions must be taken.
AYSO guidelines are clear. Cannot play if bleeding Wounds must be properly covered Clothing must be disinfected Coach is responsible for correcting the problem
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 16
Risk ManagementRisk Management Volunteers must take action to avoid risks. Consider environmental conditions
Temperature, humidity, rain, thunder & lightning, etc.
Repair or avoid physical surroundings Sprinkler heads, unsecured goals, objects on
the field, wet field, etc. Act to prevent injuries
Don’t wait for accidents to happen, avoid them.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 17
AYSO Team ConceptAYSO Team Concept
The “Team” must work together to protect the kids and to provide them with a proper environment for development.
A team is only as strong as its weakest link.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 18
Making a Safe HavenMaking a Safe Haven
Finally, if: You learn your job well Follow the rules & regulations Report and follow up on problems And, always use common sense
You will create a Safe Haven for yourself and for our children.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 19
Safe Haven ConfirmationSafe Haven Confirmation1. AYSO Volunteers must complete, sign and submit a Volunteer Application form
only once.
2. All AYSO coaches and referees are required to do the following: complete Safe Haven Certification, be properly trained in their jobs and be authorized to do their job by the appropriate AYSO authority.
3. The Volunteer Protection Act of 1997 grants immunity for volunteers from certain types of prosecution, including offenses involving alcohol, tobacco products and illegal or prescription only drugs.AYSO is based which five key philosophies.
4. Training is defined as the education a volunteer receives to do a specific job or task.
5. Certification is Safe Haven specific and confirms key competencies in a volunteer.
6. The recommended supervision ratio is 1:16.
7. AYSO recommends that at least two adults be present when children are being supervised and at least one adult be of the same gender as the children being supervised.
8. Psychologists, legislators and educators around the country generally recognize only the following three types of abuse: Emotional, physical and sexual.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 20
Safe Haven ConfirmationSafe Haven Confirmation9. AYSO volunteers should avoid situations, including transporting youngsters in a
car, in which they are alone with a child other than their own.
10. Some forms of touching children are acceptable as long as they are respectful and appropriate.
11. Criticism of referee decisions is a part of sport and need not be discouraged in young players.
12. Players emulate the behavior of adults at sporting events and develop lasting attitudes and values based on the behavior modeled by adults in youth sports.
13. Physical features such as sprinkler heads, goal posts and walls may present significant hazards.
14. The possibility of contracting a blood-borne disease such as AIDS or hepatitis B through athletic activity is high.
15. The 5 basic philosophies of AYSO are Everyone Plays, Balanced Teams, Open Registration, Positive Coaching and Good Sportsmanship.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 21
ConclusionConclusion
This Concludes Safe Haven Certification
——————
Please Complete the Safe Haven Certification Test
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 22
The Game of SoccerThe Game of Soccer
Module
2
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 23
““Soccer For Dummies”Soccer For Dummies” Soccer is
a game played by two opposing teams, in two halves of equal time, with a spherical ball, on a rectangular field with a goal at each end.
The object of the game is to get the ball entirely over your opponents’ goal line and inside their goal, without using your hands or arms.
After the kick-off, play is continuous until either: The ball entirely leaves the field of play, or The referee blows the whistle.
Play is restarted fairly based on why it was stopped.
The referee’s job is to keep the game
— SAFE, FAIR and FUN for everyone.…
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 24
History of the GameHistory of the Game
Known as “Association Football” Historical Roots — Kicking an “object”
from one goal to another goal. Modern Game — LOTG written in 1863
at a meeting in Fleet Street, London. FIFA was created in Paris in 1904 and
moved to Zurich in 1974. AYSO complies with FIFA Laws.
(Our special rules all fit under FIFA’s exceptions for youth soccer)
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 25
Spirit of the GameSpirit of the Game Over-riding philosophy — “Spirit of Fair Play”
If ball leaves the field, the other team gets to restart. (throw-in, goal kick or corner kick)
For infringements of the Law opponents receive a free kick (direct free kick, indirect free kick or penalty kick)
In the extreme, but only if necessary, a caution or send-off.
Game should be SAFE, FAIR and FUN. Referee has full authority to enforce the LOTG
Referee’s degree of discretion is fundamental and unique. Authority to stop, suspend, or terminate, at his/her discretion.
Game is meant to flow continuously Played with as little interference as possible, Stops only if ball completely leaves the field, or Referee blows the whistle
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 26
Spirit of the GameSpirit of the Game (Rules & Regs)
National Rules & Regulations “The Laws of the Game are intended to provide that
games should be played with as little interference as possible, and in this view it is the duty of the referee to penalize only deliberate breaches of the Law”.
“Constant whistling for trifling and doubtful breaches produces bad feelings and loss of temper on the part of the players and spoils the pleasure of spectators”.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 27
Philosophy of RefereeingPhilosophy of Refereeing
Be a friendly “aunt or uncle” not a policeman.
Maintain a fun learning environment. Know, understand and apply the rules.
— Always use common sense — You must see an infraction to punish it. The need to caution or send-off a young
player is extremely rare and can usually be avoided.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 28
Small-sided PlaySmall-sided Play
Smaller fields mean more games.
More touches on the ball.
Faster skill development.
Must check local rules Number of players Field sizes and markings Special rules
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 29
Dealing with Young PlayersDealing with Young Players
Positive Coaching is Mandatory
Positive – Instructional – Encouraging
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 30
Age Specific IssuesAge Specific Issues
U-6 Very simple rules — just fun
U-8 Simple rules — start learning game
U-9/10 The whole game — control parents
U-12 Skills better — parents better
U-14 Hormones kick in — control is key
U-16 Better be in shape — fouls galore
U-19 A little easier — if you can keep up
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 31
ReviewReview
Soccer is a game with a long & interesting history. Underlying “Spirit of the Game” is Fairness. AYSO is based on five key philosophies. We want a SAFE, FAIR and FUN environment. No Tobacco or Alcohol permitted. “AYSO Team” must work together for the kids. Referee should be a “Friendly Authority.” Referee must understand and adjust to age
differences.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 32
ConfirmationConfirmation
Name the 3 elements of positive coaching (PIE)? A coach may smoke if the players cannot see it? If a member of the AYSO Team does not support
the team who gets hurt? The main focus of the “Spirit of the Game” is? A young player who misbehaves must be publicly
disciplined as an example?
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 33
Wrap-upWrap-up
Each game is a learning opportunity for the players, coaches, parents and referees. Take advantage of it.
…... Applause
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 34
Pre-game PreparationPre-game Preparation
Module
3
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 35
Pre-game PreparationPre-game Preparation5 min.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 36
Field IssuesField Issues
The coaches’ area is an important aid in reducing sideline problems. Coaches’ Area exists even if not marked Mark one if necessary (use cones or bags)
AYSO fields may not be perfect. goal posts, nets, corner
flags, lines, coaches’ area, holes, water, mud, debris,
sprinkler heads. Use common sense
play the game if it’s safe.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 37
Ball IssuesBall Issues
The referee is responsible for securing and approving a proper ball for the match See lineup card or AYSO LOTG for correct size. Check the number on the ball, don’t guess. Smooth, no loose panels, most colors are okay. Not too hard or too soft – depress ¼ inch. Rotates evenly when tossed. May need backup balls. The home team is generally responsible for providing
game balls, and has the right to do so.
Regional or competition policies concerning the game ball may vary.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 38
Uniform & Safety IssuesUniform & Safety Issues Players must have the required equipment (5 items)
(shirt, shorts, shinguards, socks and shoes). All players on a team, except the goalkeeper, should
have the same uniforms. Teams and goalkeepers must be reasonably
distinguishable from each other. (home must change) Socks must be put on over the shinguards and
completely cover them.
Allowed: Prescription glasses, medical alert bracelets and knee braces, unless they are clearly unsafe.
Not allowed: Jewelry, casts or splints, hats with hard bills. Nothing dangerous is allowed.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 39
Referee Pre-game ChecklistReferee Pre-game Checklist
Arrive: ½ hour early, properly dressed, warm-up,smile, be prepared to have FUN.
Bring: Uniform, badge, coin, whistle, flags, Law book, Nat’l. Rules & Regs, watch, pencil, pad, shoes.
Referees: Shake hands, review responsibilities.
Coaches: Shake hands, get game cards, #subs. (AYSO Team)
Field: Check goal posts, nets, holes, water, mud, debris,sprinkler heads, lines, coaches’ area, corner flags.
Players: Check for: safe shoes, shinguards, socks, jewelry, uniform colors, goalkeeper colors, hats, shoes tied properly, shirts tucked in.
Ball: Obtain and inspect the game ball.
Start: Conduct coin toss.
Read this checklist before leaving for the game!
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 40
ConfirmationConfirmation What would you do if a child says that a soft
friendship bracelet cannot be removed? What would you do if a player is wearing a cast
that is wrapped in ½” closed-cell, slow-recovery foam with no hard edges showing?
Why is the coaches’ area required by AYSO? Which is worse, a ball that is too hard, or too soft? What are the two most important things to
consider when deciding if a field is playable?
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 41
Wrap-upWrap-up
A referee who comes to the field on time, prepared, and with a positive attitude, has a much better chance of enjoying the experience.
…... Applause
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 42
Starting the GameStarting the Game
Module
4
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 43
Coin TossCoin Toss
Don’t forget to bring a coin! Visiting team gets to make the call. Winner chooses which end of field to start on. Loser kicks off to start game. At the start of the 2nd half
Teams switch ends of the field. Team that didn’t kick off to start the game, kicks off to
start the 2nd half. Kick-off is in the same direction as the 1st half kick-off.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 44
Players and SubstitutesPlayers and Substitutes
In full-sided games each team must have at least 7 and no more than 11 players*.
On the lineup card Mark any players who are missing or unable to
play, and any who later become injured. Mark substitutes on the lineup card.
Count players on the field before the kick-off. Notify coach if any player is playing less than
the minimum playing time.* (Report if not corrected)
* Check local rules for team sizes and minimum playing times.
* Check the LOTG or lineup card for small sided games.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 45
The Kick-offThe Kick-off Ball stationary and all
players in their own half. Opposing players
outside the center circle. Ball must be kicked
forward.
Note: The kick-off will be covered in detail later
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 46
Keeping TimeKeeping Time Referee is the official timekeeper.
The game is played in two halves of equal time. —See times on the lineup card — Start clock when ball is in play
Time runs continuously except for substitutions and half-time.*
Referee allows substitutions approximately midway through each half. —Usually when play is already stopped.
Referee may add time lost by excessive time wasting, injuries, or unavoidable occurrences.*
* Check local competition rules
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 47
ConfirmationConfirmation
Who kicks off to start the game? Minimum number of players on a full sized team? Can a goal be scored directly from a kick-off? When is the clock stopped? When is the game over?
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 48
Wrap-upWrap-up
The best way to start a game is — On time —
…... Applause
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 49
Stopping PlayStopping Play
Module
5
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 50
Ball In/Out of PlayBall In/Out of Play
Lines are part of the areas they enclose.
Touch lines and goal lines are part of the field. (Boundary lines)
Ball is out of play when it wholly crosses a touch line or a goal line, on the ground or in the air.
Only D is out of play. The ball’s position determines whether it is in or
out of play, not the player’s position.
Restarts are covered later
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 51
Goal ScoredGoal Scored
Goal lines are part of the field.
The ball’s position determines if it is a goal, not the goalkeeper’s position.
A goal is scored when the ball wholly crosses the goal line, on the ground or in the air, under the crossbar and between the goalposts.
Only D is a goal.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 52
Injury or Outside InterferenceInjury or Outside Interference
Take immediate action. (Use common sense)
Injury Prevention - Be safety conscious - Move location - Correct problems - Cancel if necessary - Modify activity or rules - Report problems
Bleeding PlayerMust leave field until bleeding is stopped, wound is covered and any blood on clothing is disinfected.
Outside Interference Stop if it is unsafe, unfair, or unsporting behavior.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 53
SubstitutionsSubstitutions
Made at approximately the middle of each half, at half-time, or for injuries. (4 times)
Try to stop when ball is out of play. Mark substitutes on the lineup card. Inform coach if a player is not playing the
minimum time. (Report if not corrected) Substitutions should be made as quickly
as possible. Restart based on why play was stopped.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 54
End of Half or GameEnd of Half or Game
Referee signals the end of each half when regulation time and any stoppage time* for that half has expired.
The half or game ends when the referee decides that time has expired.
Stoppage time should be added only for unusual delays, e.g. a serious injury, excessive time wasting, or a long delay caused by outside interference.* * Local rules vary concerning stoppage time.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 55
Fouls or Misconduct Fouls or Misconduct (Stopping Play)(Stopping Play)
The referee blows the whistle to stop play if a foul or misconduct occurs.
The referee may blow the whistle immediately, or chose to wait until the ball is out of play to penalize misconduct.
If play is stopped, the restart is a free kick to the opposing team.
Note: In the lower divisions the primary consideration for stopping play to award a free kick is whether the act caused danger to or lessened the enjoyment of any of the participants.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 56
ConfirmationConfirmation
When should the referee stop the game for an apparent injury?
When is the ball out of play? When can substitutions be made?
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 57
Wrap-upWrap-up
The game is meant to be played with as little interference as possible.
When stopping a game use common sense and consider the age and experience of the players.
…... Applause
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 58
Restarting PlayRestarting Play
Module
6
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 59
Restarts – Ball Leaves Field10 min.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 60
General Rules for RestartsGeneral Rules for Restarts
Restarts are to be made without any interference or distraction by opponents.
Opponents must stay a safe and fair distance away.
Player taking the restart may not touch the ball again until it touches another player. Otherwise an IFK is awarded to opponents.
No Interference — Safe Distance — No 2nd Touch
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 61
Restarts Restarts (On the field)(On the field)
Field (80 minutes) Referee & AR Mechanics (Signaling) Area A: TI — Area B: GK,CK & PK — Area C: KO,DFK,IFK & DB
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 62
The Kick-offThe Kick-off Ball is stationary and all
players are in their own half. Opposing players must be
outside the center circle. Referee checks positions
then signals start. (whistle)
Ball must be kicked forward.
Ball is in play when it is kicked and moves forward. If not taken correctly, the kick-off is retaken. Kicker may not touch the ball again until it touches
another player. (IFK is awarded to opponents) A goal can be scored directly from a kick-off.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 63
Throw-inThrow-in
Thrower must — Face the field of play Have part of each foot —
Touching the ground, and On or behind the touchline
Must use both hands to throw the ball from behind and over the head.
Ball is in play when released and any portion is on or over the outside edge of the touch line.
Opponents at least 2 yards from thrower A goal may not be scored from a throw-in.
Taken when ball goes over the touch-line. (All general restart rules apply)No Interference — Safe Distance — No 2nd Touch
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 64
Goal KickGoal Kick
Taken from anywhere in the goal area. Lines are part of the
area they enclose.
Taken when ball goes over goal line last touched by attacking team. (All general restart rules apply)
Opponents must move out of penalty area. Ball is in play when it leaves penalty area. A goal may be scored directly, but only
against opponents.
No Interference — Safe Distance — No 2nd Touch
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 65
Corner KickCorner Kick
Ball is in play when it is kicked and moves. Can score directly into opponents’ goal.
Taken when ball goes over goal line last touched by defending team. (All general restart rules apply)
Ball is placed in the corner area on the side where it left the field. Lines are part of the
area. Only E is incorrect Player cannot move flag
No Interference — Safe Distance — No 2nd Touch
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 66
Free KickFree Kick
Direct (DFK) or Indirect (IFK) IFK – Cannot score until the ball touches another player.
(Referee holds up arm until then.)
Taken from the place where the infringement occurred, or in certain cases where the ball was when play was stopped.‡
Opponents must be at least 10 yards* from the ball. (* Subject to small-sided & goal area issues.)
Ball is in play when it is kicked and moves.(If taken inside ones’ own penalty area it must leave the area.)
(All general restart rules apply)No Interference — Safe Distance — No 2nd Touch
‡ A free kick awarded inside the goal area is moved out to the nearest point on the goal area line parallel to the goal line.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 67
Penalty KickPenalty Kick
All players except GK and kicker must be: Behind the ball Outside penalty area At least 10 yards from
ball (outside arc)
Taken when a DFK foul is committed by a defender in their own penalty area. (All general restart rules apply)
Only A & B are in correct positions. Goalkeeper may move laterally along goal line. Referee signals (whistle) when players are ready. Retaken or IFK if not taken correctly. (Spirit of Fairness)
No Interference — Safe Distance — No 2nd Touch
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 68
Dropped BallDropped Ball
When play is stopped by the referee for an unusual reason, e.g an injury or outside interference, the game is restarted with a “dropped ball.”
The ball is dropped by the referee where it was when play stopped, but never in the goal area.
The ball is in play when it hits the ground. Drop it from about the player’s waist height.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 69
ConfirmationConfirmation
What are the 3 general rules for restarts? Where is a “dropped ball” taken? Where is a free kick taken? A player is taking a DFK from inside the goal
area, when is the ball in play? A player is taking a DFK from inside his own
penalty area, when is the ball in play? If a penal foul is not too bad should the referee
award an IFK?
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 70
Wrap-upWrap-up
When you stop play it is a really good idea to know how to restart it!
…... Applause
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 71
Lunch Break
30 Minutes
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 72
FoulsFouls
Module
7
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 73
Restarts - Fouls10 min.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 74
Fouls & Misconduct
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 75
Fouls—DefinedFouls—Defined
Foul–Any unfair or unsafe act committed By a player Against an opponent (or the opposing team) On the field of play While the ball is in play
Fouls are penalized by the awarding of a free kick to the opposing team at the place where the foul occurred. ** This symbol indicates special circumstances regarding free kicks in the Goal Area as described under Restarts.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 76
Types of FoulsTypes of Fouls
10 Penal Fouls Punished with a direct free kick (DFK) or, Penalty kick (PK) if the foul is committed by a
team inside its own penalty area.
8 Non-penal Fouls Punished with an indirect free kick (IFK)*.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 77
Penal Fouls—GeneralPenal Fouls—General
Some actions are penal fouls only if they are committed in a manner that the referee considers to be careless, reckless, or involving excessive force. (C-REF)
Careless: Did not exercise due caution Reckless: Unnatural movement to intimidate or gain an unfair
advantage Excessive Force: Far exceeded necessary force
On the other hand, the mere attempt to commit certain actions are penal fouls.
Penal fouls are punished with a DFK taken from where the offense occurred (or a PK if the foul occurs inside the offending player’s penalty area).
[Penal][Penal]
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 78
6 Require C-REF----------------------------
Kicking an opponent **
Tripping an opponent **
Striking an opponent **
Jumping At an opponent
Pushing an opponent
Charging an opponent
4 Do Not Require C-REF------------------------------------------
Tackling an opponent before the ball
Holding an opponent
Handling the ball (deliberately)
Spitting at an opponent
C-REF = Careless, Reckless, or Excessive Force
Restart: Direct Free Kick (DFK) or Penalty Kick (PK)
** Attempt is a Foul Green are most common in U10
The 10 Penal FoulsThe 10 Penal Fouls[Penal][Penal]
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 79
KickingKicking A player kicking or attempting to kick an
opponent, in a C-REF manner, has committed a penal foul.
The foul is considered to have occurred at the place where contact occurred, or would have occurred.
If the kicker makes no attempt to play the ball, but deliberately kicks an opponent the action should be considered violent conduct, and the kicker should be sent off and shown the red card.
[Penal][Penal]
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 80
TrippingTripping
Tripping or attempting to trip is an offense if it is clearly directed at an opponent and causes the opponent to falter or fall.
Referees must carefully distinguish between an act of tripping and the fact of being tripped.
Tripping is not a foul. Tripping an opponent in a C-REF manner is a foul.
The foul is considered to have occurred at the place where contact occurred, or would have occurred, not where the opponent lands.
[Penal][Penal]
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 81
StrikingStriking A player striking or attempting to strike an opponent
in a C-REF manner, has committed a penal foul. The foul is considered to have occurred at the
place where contact occurred, or would have occurred.
Striking includes the use of any object (including the ball) as well as the hands, arms, or head.
Striking may also be misconduct, either serious foul play or violent conduct.
[Penal][Penal]
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 82
Jumping AtJumping At
A player who jumps at an opponent in a C-REF manner, has committed a penal foul.
The foul is considered to have occurred at the place where contact occurred, or would have occurred.
If the jump was made in the process of playing the ball, then the player should not be penalized, unless in the opinion of the referee, the jump was made in a C-REF manner.
[Penal][Penal]
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 83
PushingPushing
A player pushing an opponent, in a C-REF manner, has committed a penal foul.
Pushing an opponent in a C-REF manner with any part of the body, whether playing the ball or not, is a penal foul.
Fairly charging an opponent while playing the ball, or in playing distance of the ball and able to play it, is allowed. (see “Charging”)
[Penal][Penal]
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 84
Charging—DefinedCharging—Defined
Charging is defined as making contact with an opponent in an effort to move the opponent away from the ball.
A fair charge is made with the shoulder or upper arm as near to shoulder to the opponent’s shoulder as possible, in a staccato manner.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 85
ChargingCharging
Charging an opponent, in a C-REF manner, is a penal foul.
Contact may also be made on the shoulder blade of the opponent but only if the opponent is fairly obstructing.
Fairly charging an opponent while not in playing distance of the ball is penalized by an IFK.
It is a violation of the Law to fairly charge an opponent who is already being fairly charged by another player. ( A “Sandwich” is considered holding)
[Penal][Penal]
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 86
TacklingTackling
Tackling an opponent, making contact with the opponent before touching the ball, is a penal foul.
Touching the ball first does not necessarily mean that a foul was not committed. If the tackle is performed in a C-REF manner, one of the other penal fouls will most likely have been committed.
A tackle which endangers the safety of an opponent should also be punished as serious foul play.
Tackling means using your feet to move the ball away from the feet of an opponent. It is usually fair play.
[Penal][Penal]
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 87
HoldingHolding
Holding an opponent includes the act of stretching the arms out to prevent an opponent from moving past or around, and is a penal foul.
A player who blatantly holds onto and pulls an opponent’s clothing should also be cautioned, and shown the yellow card.
[Penal][Penal]
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 88
Handling the BallHandling the Ball Handling the ball involves deliberate contact with
the ball by a player’s hand, or arm. Deliberate contact means any one of the following:
The player could have avoided the touch but didn’t. The player’s arms were not in normal playing position. The player deliberately continued an initially accidental contact in an
attempt to gain an unfair advantage.
Moving hands or arms instinctively to protect the body when suddenly faced with a fast approaching ball does not constitute deliberate contact unless there is subsequent action to direct the ball.
The fact that a player may benefit from the ball contacting the hand does not make an accidental event a foul.
[Penal][Penal]
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 89
SpittingSpitting
Spitting at an opponent, on the field of play, while the ball is in play is a penal foul.
The foul is considered to have occurred at the place where contact with the opponent occurred, or would have occurred.
Spitting at an opponent, or anyone else is also a sending-off (red card) offense.
[Penal][Penal]
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 90
Non-Penal Fouls - Non-Penal Fouls - GeneralGeneral
Non-penal fouls are divided into two categories: Those committed only by a goalkeeper, and Those committed by any player.
The goalkeeper is considered to be in control of the ball by touching it with any part of his hand or arms.
Possession of the ball includes the goalkeeper deliberately parrying the ball, but does not include the circumstances where, in the opinion of the referee, the ball rebounds accidentally from the goalkeeper, for example after he makes a save.
Non-penal fouls are punished with an IFK taken from where the offense occurred. *
[Non-penal][Non-penal]
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 91
The 8 Non-Penal Fouls (Summary)The 8 Non-Penal Fouls (Summary)
By a Goalkeeper
• Controls ball with hands for more than 6 seconds.
• Handles ball directly from a teammate’s throw-in
• Handles ball deliberately kicked to him by a teammate.
• Handles ball a 2nd time after releasing control of it.
By Another Player
• Plays in a dangerous manner.
• Impedes the progress of an opponent.
• Prevents the goalkeeper from releasing the ball.
• Any other offense not mentioned in the Laws where play is stopped to issue a caution or to send off a player.
Restart: Indirect Free Kick (IFK) from where the foul occurred. *.
[Non-penal][Non-penal]
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 92
Goalkeeper Six Second ViolationGoalkeeper Six Second Violation
A GK controlling the ball with the hands for more than 6 seconds commits a non-penal foul.
The 6 seconds does not include the time it takes the GK to take control of the ball or to recover from momentum.
If the GK is making a reasonable effort to release the ball into play, the referee should give him the benefit of the doubt.
Releasing the ball into play means no longer controlling it with the hands.
[Non-penal][Non-penal]
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 93
GoalkeeperGoalkeeper Handles Throw-in Handles Throw-in
It is a non-penal foul if the goalkeeper handles the ball inside his own penalty area after it has been thrown in by a teammate and has not touched another player.
The goalkeeper may handle a ball directly thrown to him by an opponent.
[Non-penal][Non-penal]
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 94
GK Handles Ball Kicked by TeammateGK Handles Ball Kicked by Teammate
It is a non-penal foul if a goalkeeper touches the ball with his hands inside his own penalty area, after it has been deliberately kicked, by a teammate, to him or to a place where he can legally handle it.
“Deliberately kicked” does not include situations where, in the opinion of the referee, the ball has been accidentally deflected, or misdirected.
The IFK is taken from the place where the goalkeeper touches the ball with his hands.*
[Non-penal][Non-penal]
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 95
GK 2nd TouchGK 2nd Touch
It is a non-penal foul if the goalkeeper touches the ball with his hands after he has released it from his hands, and it has not yet touched any other player.
When a goalkeeper releases the ball into play from her hands she may continue to play the ball as long as she does not touch it with her hands again until it has been touched as described above.
[Non-penal][Non-penal]
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 96
Dangerous PlayDangerous Play
If, in the opinion of the referee, a player acts in a manner that is dangerous to himself or anyone else, and that action causes a nearby opponent to cease playing the ball or to be otherwise disadvantaged, then that player is “playing in a dangerous manner,” and has committed a non-penal foul.
If, in a game involving very young players, a dangerous situation occurs, the referee may stop play to eliminate the danger, even if an opponent is not nearby. In this case, the game would be restated with a dropped ball (DB).
Dangerous play is the non-penal foul most often seen in youth games.
[Non-penal][Non-penal]
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 97
Impeding an OpponentImpeding an Opponent
Impeding the progress of an opponent is a non-penal foul.
This offense requires that the ball is not within playing distance or not capable of being played.
Physical contact between the player and the opponent is normally absent.
There are many occasions during a game when a player will come between an opponent and the ball, but in a majority of such instances, this is quite natural and fair.
Impeding means moving on the field so as to obstruct, interfere with, or block the path of an opponent.
[Non-penal][Non-penal]
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 98
Preventing GK from Releasing BallPreventing GK from Releasing Ball
It is a non-penal foul for a player to prevent an opposing goalkeeper from releasing the ball into play from his hands.
A verbal warning for a first offense may be more fair than an IFK.
[Non-penal][Non-penal]
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 99
Other OffensesOther Offenses
A player who charges an opponent in an otherwise legal manner, but away from the ball, is penalized with an IFK. If the charge was made in a C-REF manner, the penalty would be a DFK, or PK.
When the goalkeeper does not have possession of the ball (in his hands) he may be fairly charged like any other player.
However, when he has possession of the ball (in his hands), he may not be charged.
Any other offense, not mentioned in Law 12, for which play is stopped to caution or send off a player, is penalized with an IFK.
[Non-penal][Non-penal]
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 100
ConfirmationConfirmation
A foul is penal or non-penal based on how bad it is?
At the taking of a free kick when is the ball in play?
For which penal fouls is the attempt itself a foul?
Is “high-kicking” dangerous play?
What are the 4 most common penal fouls in younger players’ games?
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 101
Wrap-upWrap-up
Each game is a learning opportunity for the players, coaches, parents and referees.
On-going education will increase understanding, build confidence and earn respect.
Any questions?
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 102
MisconductMisconduct
Module
8
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 103
Types of MisconductTypes of Misconduct
7 Cautionable Offenses Show Yellow Card
7 Sending-off Offenses Show Red Card
1. Misconduct requiring a sanction by the referee is rare in lower division games. Most problems can be handled with a verbal warning.
2. In some regions showing the cards is not allowed in the lower divisions. However, Cautions and Sendoffs are still allowed.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 104
Cautionable OffensesCautionable Offenses
7 Cautionable Offenses Unsporting behavior * Dissent by word or action * Persistent infringement Delay restart * Fail to respect distance on restart Enter field without permission Leave field without permission
* Also applies to substitutes
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 105
Sending-off OffencesSending-off Offences 7 Sending-off Offences
Serious foul play Violent conduct Spits at an opponent or
anyone else Denies OGSO by handling the ball Denies OGSO to an opponent moving
toward the goal by committing a foul Offensive, insulting or abusive language
and/or gestures A second caution in the same game
7 Cautionable Offenses Unsporting behavior * Dissent by word or action * Persistent infringement Delay restart * Fail to respect distance on restart Enter field without permission Leave field without permission
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 106
OffsideOffside
Module
9Use of The Soccer Tutor™ to teach offside is recommended.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 107
Law 11 - Offside
The Law is only 185* words long, but discussion, misunderstanding and controversy are never ending.
History: Offside was introduced to prevent attacking players from bunching up around the goal. It forces them to move up and down the field which makes the game more exciting.
* Still only 350 words including the 2 recent decisions.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 108
Definition of OffsideDefinition of Offside A player is Offside when:
He is in an Offside Position At the moment the ball is played
by or touches a teammate AND, he is involved in Active Play (All 3 conditions must be met)
Active Play Interfere with play (play or be touched by the ball) Interfere with an opponent (prevent an opponent from playing the ball) Or, gain an advantage (interfere with play after a rebound)
Offside Position Ahead of the ball Ahead of the 2nd last defender And, not in own half of the field(Being in an offside position is not in itself an offence)
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 109
Exceptions
Not offside if a player receives the ball directly from a: Goal Kick, Throw-in, or Corner Kick
Helpful Hint: A player cannot be offside directly from a restart if the restart is because the ball left the field of play.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 110
Making the Offside Decision The assistant referee must not signal simply
because a player is in an offside position, but must look for active involvement.
If an assistant referee is in any doubt as to whether a player is actively involved or not, the assistant referee is expected to refrain from signaling offside.
The referee, too, must be certain that there is active involvement before deciding for offside.
From: Advice for Referees
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 111
Penalty for Offside Infringement
An IFK taken from where the infringement occurred.
The infringement occurred where the player was when the ball was played by or touched the teammate.
Not where the player was when he became involved in Active Play Not where the 2nd last defender was the ball was touched Not where the AR was when he signaled the infringement
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 112
Judging Offside Position
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 113
AR – One yard off the line
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 114
Is Green in an Offside Position?
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 115
Offside—Examples 1 & 2Offside—Examples 1 & 2
Clearly Offside In offside position when ball
was played by a teammate Interfered with play
Clearly Offside In offside position when ball
was played by a teammate Interfered with play
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 116
Offside—Examples 3 & 4Offside—Examples 3 & 4
Not Offside B was not in an offside
position when his teammate played the ball.
Not Offside B was in an offside position
when his teammate played the ball, but
Was not involved in active play.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 117
Offside—Examples 5 & 6Offside—Examples 5 & 6
Offside B was in an offside
position when teammate A played the ball, and gained an advantage.
Not Offside B was not in an offside
position when teammate A played the ball.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 118
ConfirmationConfirmation
What 3 conditions must exist for a player to be in an offside position?
What 3 conditions must exist for you to correctly signal an offside infraction?
What 3 actions are considered as “being involved in active play”?
How does the AR signal offside? How does the referee signal offside? Who makes the final decision?
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 119
Wrap-upWrap-up
Each game is a learning opportunity for the players, coaches, parents and referees.
On-going education will increase understanding, build confidence and earn respect.
Any questions?
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 120
Referee and Assistant Referee MechanicsReferee and Assistant Referee Mechanics
Module
10
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 121
Referee DutiesReferee Duties Enforce Laws of the Game Ensure ball & players’ equipment meet standards Act as timekeeper & keep record of match Control match in cooperation with ARs
Control Substitutions Stop, suspend or terminate match for cause Stop play when necessary for injury Restart match after it has stopped Apply advantage when appropriate Punish most serious if multiple offences
Keep match SAFE, FAIR & FUN Referee’s decisions on facts are final.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 122
System of ControlSystem of Control
Diagonal system of control Center referee (CR) and two assistant
referees (AR) Only FIFA, USSF and AYSO approved
system of control
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 123
Referee MechanicsReferee Mechanics Run along a broad diagonal
Stay close to play (10-20 yards) Keep ball between self and AR
Control Play Use whistle to start play
(only when necessary) Use whistle to stop play Use hand signals to indicate
restart Use cards to indicate misconduct Use voice to provide positive
instruction
Accept advice from your AR (when appropriate) - must remember to check AR frequently -
Don’t be afraid to correct mistakes Sell your calls!!!
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 124
Referee SignalsReferee Signals
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 125
Assistant Referee DutiesAssistant Referee Duties
Indicate ball in/out of play (over your touch line and/or your goal line)
Offside (including involvement in active play)
Fouls or misconduct CR cannot see
Keep track of substitutions
Assist CR with sideline behavior
Assist CR in any other way requested
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 126
Assistant Referee MechanicsAssistant Referee Mechanics Runs along touch line between
goal line and halfway line. Stays in-line with 2nd last defender. Follows ball to goal line. Keeps flag straight down when
running. Stops before signaling, and then
snaps flag.
Doesn’t “chat” with coaches and spectators.
Keeps coaches and spectators off touch line. Checks substitutes and counts players on the field (or subs). Looks and acts involved and professional.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 127
Assistant Referee SignalsAssistant Referee Signals
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 128
Club LinesmanClub Linesman
Signal when the whole ball has completely crossed the touch line.
Any other tasks assigned by referee. Remove debris Check nets Locate game ball(s) Collect lineup card(s)
Referee must communicate to keep them focused.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 129
ConfirmationConfirmation If a coach feels that a referee isn’t calling
obvious fouls he should appeal the result of the game?
If both sides of the field are yelling foul, but neither the referee nor the AR saw a foul, the referee should call a foul?
When should a referee blow the whistle? Referees should never change their decisions
because they will lose face?
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 130
Confirmation—AR SignalsConfirmation—AR Signals
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 131
Wrap-upWrap-up
Each game is a learning opportunity for the players, coaches, parents and referees.
On-going education will increase understanding, build confidence and earn respect.
Any questions?
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 132
Post GamePost Game
Module
11
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 133
Post-Game Duties½ min.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 134
Collect the BallCollect the Ball
Referee is responsible for making sure that the game ball is returned to the proper person or place.
The official closest to the ball should retrieve and return it to proper person or place or to the referee.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 135
Supervise Post Game CeremonySupervise Post Game Ceremony
Officials should supervise the team handshake and any other normal post game ceremony.
Players may need to be encouraged to show good sportsmanship at this time.
Officials must continue to act as good role models.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 136
Complete Game ReportComplete Game Report
Referee should complete the lineup card and any other required reports.
Make sure all officials concur on the score.
Be sure to report any safety issues and any sideline problems accurately and in detail.
Deliver report to the appropriate person or place.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 137
Conduct Post Game ConferenceConduct Post Game Conference
Referee should conduct a post game conference with any assistants.
This is the best time for positive feedback in both directions.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 138
ConfirmationConfirmation
Teams always take care of their game ball?
Why bother sending in a report, nobody reads them anyway?
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 139
Wrap-upWrap-up
On-going education will increase understanding, build confidence and earn respect.
…... Applause
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 140
Break
5 Minutes
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 141
Referee Support & ReviewReferee Support & Review
Module
12
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 142
Referee SupportReferee Support
Mentoring
Assessing Appearance Pre-game Instructions Fitness Attitude Courage, Character & Consistency Accuracy of Decisions Control
Continuing Education
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 143
MentoringMentoring
Friendly way to impart knowledge On-the-job training Evaluate what you hear Ask your support chain if you question
the advice, don’t be confrontational Keep an open mind Seek on-going training
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 144
Continuing EducationContinuing Education Attend formal training. Attend referee meetings. Read your manuals. Look on the Internet. Ask experienced referees. Ask your Director of Instruction or your
instructors, and check websites. www.ayso85.org www.ayso11L.org
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 145
AYSO National Referee ProgramAYSO National Referee Program
Organization NBOD, Section, Area, Region NSTC – Paid support staff (www.soccer.org)
AYSO Referee Grades U-8 Official Assistant Referee Basic Referee (Regional) Intermediate Referee (Area) Advanced Referee (Section) National Referee (National)
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 146
ConfirmationConfirmation
Rules are rules at any age? What are the 5 AYSO Philosophies? The referees’ job is to keep the game
SAFE, FAIR and ______ ? The coach is my enemy so I need to
show him who is boss? Once I pass this course I’m a referee
and that’s all the training I need?
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 147
Thank You for Volunteering!½ min.
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 148
Wrap-upWrap-up
Each game is a learning opportunity for the players, coaches, parents and referees.
On-going education will increase understanding, build confidence and earn respect.
Any questions?
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 149
Test & Review — Basic RefereeTest & Review — Basic Referee
Be sure to print your name clearly on the form.
Test (20 min.) Review Test (10 min.) Graduation
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 150
Referee Positioning Field ClinicReferee Positioning Field Clinic
Module
13
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 151
Game Card
Team
Game Score
Referee Report
Player
Participation
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 152
Game Cards (Check-in & Pre-Game)
9 / 11 / 04 9:00
ETHS
R 85 U12G 601
Blue Frisbees
Blue / White
Alex Smith
Sam Jones
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 153
Game Cards (Check-in & Substitution)
R 85 U12G 601
Blue Frisbees
Blue / White
Alex Smith
Sam Jones2 Dolly Madison
3 Sarah Lee
4 Lois Lane
5 Mia Hamm
-----------------------------------
X
G
C
A
X
G
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 154
Game Cards (Half & Post-Game)
2 1 602
3 2 601 602
9 / 11 / 04 9:00
ETHS
Team 601 parents very critical.
Coach Alex helpful in controlling situation when asked.
Player #12 on team 602 sent-off for violent conduct (3 rd
qtr).
Deliberately kicked opponent #6 while opponent was on the
ground away from the ball.
X X
X X
X X
Larry Lotito 100 601
Nick Lotito 222 506
Ali Lotito 223 602
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 155
Game Cards Game Cards (What to do with them)(What to do with them)
Place in field box (U9 - up) Normally by one of the goals
No box? Pass on to next referee team
Last referee team? Leave cards in storage shed (in an envelope or
with rubber band) Alternative: Deliver to division referee
coordinator or call for pickup
Basic Referee 8/10/06-A 156
Overview of RestartsOverview of Restarts
No Interference — Safe Distance — No 2nd Touch