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Basic Desktop Terminology By Wendi Cochran Douglas High School Slide 2 Basic Layout Terms Use the websites listed to find examples of the design terms defined. Slide 3 Alignment Alignment of text and or graphics on a document. Illustrating the Principles of Design http://desktoppub.about.com/od/ designprinciples/l/aa_pod2.htm Slide 4 Asymmetrical Design Contemporary design in which contrasing elements of unequal weight and proportion are positioned on a page to achieve balance. http://desktoppub.about.com/od/ designprinciples/g/asymmetrical.htmhttp://desktoppub.about.com/od/ designprinciples/g/asymmetrical.htm Slide 5 Balance Attain balance by equally distributing the weight of various elements, such as blocks of text, graphics, images, headings, ruled lines, white space on a page. Balance is usually symmetrical or asymmetrical. Look up the following site: Illustrating the Principles of Design http://desktoppub.about.com/od/desi gnprinciples/l/aa_pod2.htm Slide 6 Consistency Uniformity among specific design elements establishes a pattern of consistency in your document. Inconsistency can confuse and frustrate the reader and can lead to a reduction in readership. http://desktoppub.about.com/od/ consistency/Consistency.htmhttp://desktoppub.about.com/od/ consistency/Consistency.htm Slide 7 Contrast The difference between varying degrees of lightness and darkness on the page. Illustrating the Principles of Design http://desktoppub.about.com/od/ designprinciples/l/aa_pod2.htm Slide 8 Directional Flow Positioning elements to draw the readers eyes through the document. http://pcworld.about.com/news/ Oct162002id105141.htmhttp://pcworld.about.com/news/ Oct162002id105141.htm Slide 9 Focus An elements used to attract the readers eyes. Slide 10 Legibility The ease with which individual characters are recognized. Slide 11 Proportion Sizing elements in relation to their relative importance and to each other. http://desktoppub.about.com/od/ designprinciples/l/aa_pod2.htmhttp://desktoppub.about.com/od/ designprinciples/l/aa_pod2.htm Slide 12 Symmetrical Design Balancing similar elements equally on a page(centered alignment). Slide 13 White Space Background space with no text or graphics. Illustrating the Principles of Design http://desktoppub.about.com/od/ designprinciples/l/aa_pod2.htmhttp://desktoppub.about.com/od/ designprinciples/l/aa_pod2.htm Slide 14 Z-Pattern When scanning a paper the eyes have a tendency to move in a Z pattern. Slide 15 Typography Terms Slide 16 Ascenders Ascender: Parts of fonts that extend above the x-height. http://climbing.about.com/od/cli mbingequipmentwords/a/Ascend ersDef.htmhttp://climbing.about.com/od/cli mbingequipmentwords/a/Ascend ersDef.htm Slide 17 Baseline Imaginary horizontal line on which characters rest. Slide 18 Cap Height Distance between the baseline and top of the capital letters. http://graphicdesign.about.com/ od/typographyfonts/tp/letter_ana tomy.htmhttp://graphicdesign.about.com/ od/typographyfonts/tp/letter_ana tomy.htm Slide 19 Descenders Parts of fonts that extend below the baseline. http://desktoppub.about.com/cs/ typeanatomy/g/descender.htmhttp://desktoppub.about.com/cs/ typeanatomy/g/descender.htm Slide 20 Kerning Decreasing or increasing the horizontal space between specific character pairs. On the font dialog box under Character Spacing in Word. http://desktoppub.about.com/cs/ty pespacing/a/kerningtracking.htmhttp://desktoppub.about.com/cs/ty pespacing/a/kerningtracking.htm http://desktoppub.about.com/od/ty pelayout/g/kerning.htmhttp://desktoppub.about.com/od/ty pelayout/g/kerning.htm Slide 21 Pitch The number of characters that can be printed in one horizontal inch. Slide 22 Point Size Point Size: l/72 of an inch. 72 points are equal to one inch Slide 23 Sans Serif Without small strokes at the end of characters. Examples of Sans Serif Fonts: Arial Tahoma Antique Olive Slide 24 Serif Fonts A small stroke at the end of a character. Examples of Serif Fonts Times New Roman Garamond Slide 25 Typeface Font Styles A set of characters with a common design and shape. Such as Impact, Times New Roman, Arial Slide 26 Typestyle 4 categories of styles Normal (regular, roman) Bold Italic Bold italic Slide 27 X-Height Height of the fonts lowercase x. Slide 28 Drop Cap Decorative first letter of paragraph or sentence used to draw the readers eye. http://pcworld.about.com/magazi ne/2402p022id124015.htmhttp://pcworld.about.com/magazi ne/2402p022id124015.htm Slide 29 Tracking Which refers to the horizontal spacing between letters or characters. http://desktoppub.about.com/cs/ typespacing/a/kerningtracking.h tmhttp://desktoppub.about.com/cs/ typespacing/a/kerningtracking.h tm Slide 30 Leading Refers to the amount of added vertical spacing between lines of type. In consumer-oriented word processing software, this concept is usually referred to as "line spacing".spacing http://desktoppub.about.com/cs/ typespacing/a/leading.htmhttp://desktoppub.about.com/cs/ typespacing/a/leading.htm Slide 31 Weight The thickness or heaviness of the strokes of a font style. Font weights generally range from 'light', on to 'medium' and then through to 'heavy'. With the advent of digital fonts technology, there are now more choices of font weights than ever. Slide 32 Color and Graphic Terms Slide 33 Hue The variation of the primary color such as green- blue. Slide 34 Metafiles Graphic files that allow images to be ungrouped and edited in Microsoft applications. Slide 35 Pixel Short for picture element, a pixel is each individual dot or square or color in a picture or bitmapped graphic. http://desktoppub.about.com/cs/ designelements/qt/pixelements. htmhttp://desktoppub.about.com/cs/ designelements/qt/pixelements. htm Slide 36 Raster Graphics A raster image is a bitmapped image where pixels of color are used to create an image. http://graphicssoft.about. com/od/glossary/g/bitmap. htmhttp://graphicssoft.about. com/od/glossary/g/bitmap. htm Slide 37 RGB Red, Green and Blue colors that makeup todays computer monitors. http://graphicssoft.about.com/od /glossary/g/rgb.htmhttp://graphicssoft.about.com/od /glossary/g/rgb.htm Slide 38 Contrast The amount of gray in a color. Slide 39 Resolution Is the number of dots that make up an image on a screed or printer-the higher the resolution, the denser the number of dots and higer resolution of the print. http://desktoppub.about.com/od/ resolution/Resolution.htmhttp://desktoppub.about.com/od/ resolution/Resolution.htm Slide 40 Gradient Gradual varying of color Slide 41 Grayscale Is the range of shades from black to white. Slide 42 CYMK This is an acronym for cyan, yellow, magenta and black. A color printer combines these colors to create different colors. http://graphicssoft.about.com/od /glossary/g/cmyk.htmhttp://graphicssoft.about.com/od /glossary/g/cmyk.htm Slide 43 Brightness Is the amount of light in a color. Slide 44 Luminosity The brightness of a color, that is, the amount of black and white added to a color. The larger the luminosity number, the lighter the color. http://graphicssoft.about.com/od /glossary/ig/Blending- Modes/Blend-Luminosity.htmhttp://graphicssoft.about.com/od /glossary/ig/Blending- Modes/Blend-Luminosity.htm Slide 45 Saturation This is the purity of a color. A color is completely pure, or saturated when it is not diluted with white. Red, for example, has a high saturation value Slide 46 Vector Graphic These graphics are made up of mathematically defined lines and curves. A vector graphic picture can be moved, resized, recolored, and enlarged without affecting its output quality at all. http://graphicssoft.about.com/od /glossary/l/blvector.htmhttp://graphicssoft.about.com/od /glossary/l/blvector.htm Slide 47 Scale To increase or decrease the size of an image proportionally or disproportionally. Slide 48 Twain A cross-platform interface for acquiring electronic images captured by scanners and digital cameras. http://graphicssoft.about.com/od /glossary/f/twain.htmhttp://graphicssoft.about.com/od /glossary/f/twain.htm