BANGLADESH

The numbers in this report are based on SARMD. The South Asia Micro Database (SARMD) is a regional database of socio-economic indicators established in 2014 managed by SARTSD. It includes 29 surveys covering

8 countries. It follows the Global Monitoring Database (GMD) Harmonization guidelines, including the construction of the welfare aggregate which is used for the Global Poverty Monitoring. Terms of use of the data

adhere to agreements with the original data producers.

Household expenditure data is collected in the nationally-representative quinquennial Household Income Expenditure Survey (HIES). The latest round of the HIES was collected in 2016/17 with an expanded sample,

providing quarterly poverty estimates and annual poverty estimates at the district level. HIES data is made publicly available and poverty estimates are considered reliable and comparable across time.

A household's poverty status is assessed using per capita consumption. Total household consumption is calculated as the sum of all food and non-food expenditures except for taxes and fees, weddings, and interest

and insurance expenses. Rent is included and imputed when missing. Total consumption is divided by the number of household members to get per capita consumption.

A household is considered poor if its per capita consumption is lower than the national poverty line for the survey strata in which it lives. Poverty lines vary across strata to account for spatial differences in the cost of

purchasing basic needs. The national upper and lower poverty lines are set at the cost of consuming 2,122 Kcal per person per day and an allowance for non-food expenditure (this allowance is smaller for the lower

poverty line and larger for the upper poverty line). Poverty lines are updated between survey rounds using a food prices index that captures food inflation in each strata and the non-food CPI. The international dollar

poverty line uses the same consumption aggregate to determine whether a household is poor, but instead of comparing it to a strata-specific poverty line it compares each household to one line for the entire

country. This line is the value of $1.90 PPP. The trends in international and national poverty rates are different because the value of the line is different and also because the national poverty rates take differences in

spatial prices into account whilst the international poverty rate does not.

The 2016/17 HIES has a vastly expanded sample, making it possible to provide preliminary estimates of poverty on a quarterly basis and provide annual poverty estimates at a district level. In addition, the data are

made available free of charge to local researchers and at cost to international researchers. Poverty information, including maps are freely available. The 2016/17 Household Survey was completed in March 2017 and

is about to be made public (six months following completion). Poverty estimates based on the HIES data are largely accepted and considered very reliable. The same methodology has been used over time allowing

the poverty rates to be comparable across time.

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5

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15

20

25

30

35

0

10

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30

40

50

60

70

80

90

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2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016

GDP per capita (Hundred)

Poverty rate (Percentage)

National Poverty Line Upper Middle IC Line

International Poverty Line Lower Middle IC Line

GDP per capita (US$2011 PPP)

-15

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

Global Shared Prosperity Values

0.2

0.3

0.4

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140

International Line

Lower Middle ICL

Upper Middle ICL

Growth Distribution

Shared Prosperity

Shared Prosperity Premium