BANGLADESH - searo.who.int · breast milk and complementary food two doses of vitamin A during...

25

BANGLADESH

BANGLADESH

26

BANGLADESH

List of Country Indicators

Selected Demographic Indicators

� Selected demographic indicators � Birth registration

Child Mortality and Nutritional Status

� Trends in neonatal, infant and child mortality rates � Mortality rates by residence

� Distribution of neonatal deaths by day of life � Perinatal mortality

� Causes of under-fi ve and neonatal deaths � Trends in nutritional status of children

� Nutritional status of children by age

Coverage of Core InterventionsNewborn health and related maternal health

� Proportion of neonates protected against � Trends in proportion of women receivingtetanus at birth antenatal care

� Trends in proportion of deliveries assisted � Proportion of births by persons providing by skilled birth attendants assistance during childbirth

Infant and Young Child Nutrition

� Proportion of infants who started breastfeeding � Proportion of children <6 monthswithin one hour of birth exclusively breastfed

� Proportion of infants age 6-9 months receiving � Proportion of children age 6-59 months receiving breast milk and complementary food two doses of vitamin A during calendar year: trends

Immunization

� Trends in immunization coverage

Management of Sick Children

Management of diarrhoea� Proportion of children under age 5 with diarrhoea for � Proportion of children under age 5 with

whom advice or treatment was sought from a diarrhoea who received ORS: trendshealth facility or provider: trends

� Proportion of children under age 5 with diarrhoea whowere given treatment other than ORT

Management of pneumonia� Proportion of children under age 5 with symptoms of � Care-seeking for suspected pneumonia by type of

pneumonia for whom advice or treatment was sought health providerfrom a health facility or provider and receivedantibiotics

Management of malaria� Use of insecticide-treated bed nets � Malaria treatment

Water and Sanitation

� Proportion of population using improved � Proportion of population using improved drinking water sanitation facilities

Coverage across life-course

� Coverage of interventions across the continuum � Missed opportunities for the delivery of lifesaving of care in life course interventions

Socio-economic Diff erentials

� Demographic and Social Differential for Newborn � Differentials in Newborn and Child Health

and Child Health

� Differentials by Geographical Regions

27

BANGLADESH

Selected Demographic Indicators

Source: 1. United Nations Children's Fund. State of the world’s children 2012: children in an urban world. New York: UNICEF, 2012.

2. The UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (IGME). Levels and Trends in Child Mortality: Report 2013.

3. National Institute of Population Research and Training (NIPORT), Mitra Associates, and ICF International. Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2011. Dhaka, Bangladesh and Calverton, Maryland, USA: NIPORT, Mitra and Associates, and ICF International, 2013.

Total population (000) 148,6921

Total under-fi ve population (000) 14,7071

Annual births (000) 3,0381

Birth registration (%) 101

Neonatal mortality rate (per 1000 live births) 242

Annual number of neonatal deaths 76,0002

Post Neonatal Mortality rate 103

Infant mortality rate (per 1000 live births) 332

Annual number of infant deaths 1020003

Under-fi ve mortality rate (per 1000 live births) 412

Annual under-fi ve deaths 127,0002

Crude birth rate 22.63

Total fertility rate 2.33

•• A small proportion of

births are registered.

Registration of births is

slightly higher in urban

areas as compared to

rural.

Birth registration, 2000-2010

Source: United Nations Children's Fund. State of world’s children 2012: children in an urban world. New York: UNICEF, 2012.

Per

cent

100

908070605040302010

0

10

Total Urban Rural

139

28

BANGLADESH

• Fewer neonates are dying now. Neonatal mortality decreased by 50% over the two decades between 1990 and 2012–more than 2% per year.

• Between 1990 and 2012, infant mortality declined by 67 and under-fi ve mortality by 103 points.

• Millennium Development Goal (MDG 4) target for under-fi ve mortality rate has already been achieved by Bangladesh.

• Under-fi ve mortality rate in

rural areas is 10% higher than

in urban areas, while neonatal

and infant mortality rates are

similar in rural and urban

areas.

Mortality rates by residence

Source: National Institute of Population Research and Training (NIPORT), Mitra Associates, and ICF International. Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2011. Dhaka, Bangladesh and Calverton, Maryland, USA: NIPORT, Mitra and Associates, and ICF International, 2013.

32 33 32

42 43 43

50

5553

60

50

40

30

20

10

0Neonatal

mortality rateInfant

mortality rateUnder-fi ve mortality

rate

Urban Rural Total

Child Mortality and Nutritional Status

Trends in neonatal, infant and

under-fi ve mortality rates, 1990 to 2012

Source: The UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (IGME). Levels and Trends in Child Mortality: Report 2013.

U5MR IMR NMR Target

144160

140120100

80604020

0

88

4154

1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2012 2015

24

33

100

MDG Target 48

29

BANGLADESH

Perinatal mortality rate

For 5-year period preceding the survey

Source: National Institute of Population Research and Training (NIPORT), Mitra and Associates, and ICF International. Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2011. Dhaka, Bangladesh and Calverton, Maryland, USA: NIPORT, Mitra and Associates, and ICF International, 2013.

Number of stillbirths 232

Number of early neonatal deaths 220

Perinatal mortality rate 50

Distribution of neonatal deaths by day of life

Source: National Institute of Population Research and Training (NIPORT), Mitra and Associates, and ICF International. Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2011. Dhaka, Bangladesh and Calverton, Maryland, USA: NIPORT, Mitra and Associates, and ICF International, 2013.

Based on 273 neonatal deaths

Number of days

Num

bers

120

100

80

60

40

20

0

101

36

18

< 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

32

19

8 7 83 3 6 5 3 1 2 2 1 0 1 3 2 4 3 0 2 1 1 0 1 1 0 0

31

Of the 273 surveyed neonatal deaths for 2011 DHS in Bangladesh :

• 37% occurred on day 0;

• 50% occurred on days 0 and 1; and

• 81% occurred during the fi rst week of life.

The fi rst week of life is the riskiest for newborns. Most deaths during the neonatal period occur at home and are often unregistered.

30

BANGLADESH

Source: Source: Li Liu, Hope L Johnson, Simon Cousens, Jamie Perin, Susana Scott, Joy E Lawn, Igor Rudan, Harry Campbell, Richard Cibulskis, Mengying Li, Colin Mathers, Robert E Black, for the Child Health Epidemiology Reference Group of WHO and UNICEF, Global, regional, and national causes of child mortality: an updated systematic analysis for 2010 with time trends since 2000, The Lancet, Volume 379, Issue 9832, 9–15 June 2012, Pages 2151-2161

Causes of under-fi ve deaths Causes of neonatal deaths

Malaria, 0.6

Diarrhoeal diseases, 5.9 Measles, 0.6

Other, 4.3

Other, 16.3

Pneumonia, 15.9

Malaria, 10.7

Diarrhoea, 21.5

Neonatal, 27.3

Congenital anomalies, 7.6

Other noncommunicable diseases, 0.3

Injuries, 5.9

Acute lower respiratory

infections, 4.6

Birth asphyxia and birth trauma, 23.1

Sepsis and other infectious conditions of the newborn, 16.2

Prematurity, 44.5

Neonatal, 69.0

Other 13.6

• Neonatal causes, acute lower respiratory infections and diarrhoea are major causes of death among

under-fi ve children.

• Most neonatal deaths are caused by complications of prematurity, infections, birth asphyxia and trauma

and congenital anomalies.

Acute lower respiratory

infections, 13.7

31

BANGLADESH

• At the national level,

two in fi ve children are

stunted and underweight.

• Since 2004, stunting

among children has

declined by 10 percentage

points and underweight

by seven percentage

points.

• Wasting increased by one

percentage point during

the period 2004 to 2011.

Trends in nutritional status of children less than fi ve years

Source: 1. National Institute of Population Research and Training. Bangladesh demographic health survey 2007. Dhaka: NIPORT, 2009.


(Based on the WHO Child Growth Standards adopted in 2006)

2004 2007 2011

Per

cent

Stunting Wasting Underweight

100

908070605040302010

0

5143 41

15 17 16

43 4136


Nutritional status of children by age, 2011

Per

cent

100

908070605040302010

0 <6

16.5

16

23.2

52.147.6 47

41.9

6-8 9-11 12-17 18-23 24-35 36-47 48-59

Stunted Wasted Underweight

18

14.8

17.4

13.9 15 16.914.9 15.9 16.2

41.442.939.838.633.6

27.8

24.4

46.4

Age (Months)

• The prevalence of stunting increases with age from 18% of children less than 6 months to 52% of children between ages 18-23 months and decreases thereafter.

• The percentage of children who are underweight increases sharply with age and peaks at 42.9% among children between ages 36-47 months.

32

BANGLADESH

•• The last birth was

protected against

neonatal tetanus for nine

out of ten mothers.

• About three in ten women do not receive any antenatal care. Only one-fourth of women make more than four ANC visits.

• There is a gradual increase in the number of ANC visits during the last decade.

Coverage of Core Interventions

Newborn health and related maternal health

Neonates protected against tetanus at birth


Women receiving 2+ TT injections

Women whose last birth was protected against neonatal tetanus

90%

42%

Trends in proportion of women who received antenatal care

*The value is for 2-3 visits



70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

Per

cent

63

4439

32

1216 16 15 13 13 14 14*

11 11 13 1116

2126

NoneNumber of ANC visits

1 2 3 4+

1999-2000 2004 2007 2011

33

BANGLADESH

• Three in ten deliveries

are assisted by skilled

birth attendants (SBA).

• The proportion of

deliveries assisted by

SBAs has tripled during

the period between

1993 and 2011.

• More than half of

births in Bangladesh are

assisted by untrained

traditional birth

attendants, and 4%

deliveries are assisted

by relatives, friends or

neighbours.

• About one-third births

are assisted by qualifi ed

health professionals.

Proportion of births by person providing assistance

during childbirth


TBA: Traditional Birth Attendants

Qualifi ed doctor

Nurse/midwife

Trained TBA

Untrained TBA

Relatives/friends

No one

100

908070605040302010

0

Per

cent

22.2

8.9 10.9

52.5

3.80.4

Deliveries assisted by skilled birth attendants

Trends in proportion of deliveries assisted by skilled

birth attendants



1993-94 1996-97 1999-2000 2004 2007 2011

Period

100

908070605040302010

0

Per

cent

9.5 8 12 1318

32

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BANGLADESH

• Almost half of children

are breastfed within one

hour of birth, which

increased from 9% in

1993 to 47% in 2011.

• Only a little less thantwo-thirds of children below 6 months are exclusively breastfed.

• Exclusive breastfeeding rate has practically remained constant since 1996 till 2007, and sharply increased afterwards.

Infant and Young Child Nutrition Trends in proportion of infants less than age 12

months who were initiated into breastfeeding within

one hour of birth



9

1993-94 1996-97 1999-2000 2004 2007 201113 17

24

43 47Per

cent

100

80

60

40

20

0

Trends in proportion of infants less than age 6 months

who were exclusively breastfed



Per

cent

100

9080706050403020100

45 4642 43

64

1996-1997 1999-2000 2004 2007 2011

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BANGLADESH

• Almost all children, 6-59

months old, had received

two doses of vitamin- A

supplement and this

proportion increased by 15

percentage points between

2005 and 2008.

Trends in proportion of infants age 6-9 months

receiving breast milk and complementary food

*Age 7-9 months



1999-2000* 2004 2007 2011

Period

Per

cent

100

9080706050403020100

59 62

74

67

• Among children 6-9

months old, seven in ten

receive complementary food

along with breast milk.

• Increasing trend in

complementary feeding

was observed from 59% to

74% between 1999-2007.

However, in 2011 a decline

has been observed.

Trends in proportion of children under age 5

receiving two doses of vitamin A during calender year

Per

cent

2005 2006 2007 2008

100

80

60

40

20

0

8289 94 97

Source: United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF). Maternal, newborn & child survival: country profi le. New York: UNICEF, 2010.

36

BANGLADESH

• Eighty-six per cent children,12-23 months old, had received all the recommended vaccinations.

• Almost all children had received BCG vaccination.

• The level of coverage for three doses of DPT, three doses of polio, and three doses of hepatitis vaccine is above 93%. Coverage is little low for measles vaccination.

• The vaccination coverage has doubled since 1993.

• Only one-fourth children with diarrhoea were taken to a health facility or a provider for advice or treatment.

ImmunizationTrends in proportion of children age 12-23 months

vaccinated



All

5954

60

BCG DPT 3 Polio 3 Measles Hepatitis B

Per

cent

100

9080706050403020100

1993-1994 1996-1997 1999-2000 2004 2007 2011

73

8286 8586

919397 98

6669

72

81

9193

6762

71

82

9193

69707176

8388

81

93

Management of sick childrenManagement of diarrhoea

Trends in proportion of children under age 5 with

diarrhoea for whom advice or treatment was sought from

a health facility or provider



1993-1994 1996-1997 1999-2000 2004 2007 2011

Per

cent

100

9080706050403020100

20 22 24

1620

25

37

BANGLADESH

• 29% children under age fi ve

who had diarrhoea were

given zinc syrup and 20%

were given zinc tablets.

Trends in proportion of children under age 5 who

had diarrhoea in the past 2 weeks and were treated

with ORS

50 48

6167

77 78

1993-1994 1996-1997 1999-2000 2004



Per

cent

100

9080706050403020100 2007 2011

• In 2011, 78% children

with diarrhoea, who

were brought to a health

facility, received ORS.

• The proportion of

children receiving

ORS increased by 28

percentage points between

1993 and 2011.

Proportion of children under age 5 who had

diarrhoea in the past 2 weeks and were given

treatment other than ORT


Per

cent

100

9080706050403020100

29

20

11

Zinc syrup Zinc tablet No treatment

38

BANGLADESH

• One-third of children with symptoms of ARI were taken to a health facility or a medically trained provider for treatment and 71% received antibiotics as treatment from various sources.

• A substantial number of children with suspected pneumonia were taken to a traditional unqualifi ed doctor (29%), and pharmacy (22%), 17% such children did not seek any treatment.

Management of pneumonia

Trends in proportion of children under age 5 with

suspected pneumonia, who were taken to an appropriate

health care provider and received antibiotics


*Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS), United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF). Bangladesh Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2006. Bangladesh: BBS, 2007.

Per

cent

3525

3022

100

60

80

40

20

0

2833

2720

37

1993-1994DHS

1996-1997DHS

1999-00DHS

2004 DHS

2006MICS*

2007DHS

2011 DHS

% under-fi ves with suspected pneumonia taken to an appropriate health-care provider

% under-fi ves with suspected pneumonia receiving antibiotics

Care-seeking for suspected pneumonia by type of

health provider


Per

cent

100

908070605040302010

0Pharmacy Traditional

Doctor

Other No one

2229

1

17

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BANGLADESH

• Slightly more than half of

the total population is using

improved sanitation facilities.

Use of insecticide-treated bed nets

Data not available

Proportion of population using improved drinking

water sources

Source: Progress on Sanitation and Drinking Water 2013 Update; WHO and UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP 2013)

Per

cent

100

908070605040302010

0Urban Rural Total

85.382.4 83.2

Water and sanitation

• 83% population is using improved drinking water sources.

• The coverage of urban and rural populations is quite similar.

Urban Rural Total

Proportion of population using improved sanitation

facilities

Source: Progress on Sanitation and Drinking Water 2013 Update; WHO and UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP 2013)

Per

cent

100908070605040302010

0

55.3 54.5 54.7

40

BANGLADESH

Coverage across life-course

Coverage of interventions across the life-course continuum


Pre-

pregnancy

Pregnancy Birth Postnatal Infancy

Per

cent

100

908070605040302010

0

52

2632

29 30

47

7164

Contraceptive prevalence

rate

ANC 4+ Skilled attendant at

birth

Delivery in a health

facility

PNC (within 2 days)

Breastfeeding initiated

within 1 hour of birth

Immunization Oral rehydration

for diarrhoea

Care seeking for pneumonia

Exclusive breastfeeding

(for fi rst 6 months)

86

78

• Around three in ten mothers receive skilled care before, during and immediately after birth which

can allow for early detection and management of problems leading to neonatal mortality.

• Proper medical attention and hygienic conditions during delivery can reduce the risk of

complications and infections that may cause death or serious illness to the baby. Only three out

of ten births took place in health facilities.

41

BANGLADESH

Missed opportunities for the delivery of lifesaving interventions

Source: National Institute of Population Research and Training (NIPORT), Mitra Associates, and ICF International, Bangladesh demographic and Health Survey 2011. Dhaka, Bangladesh and Calverton, Maryland, USA: NIPORT, Mitra Associates, and ICF International, 2013.

Vitamin A supplementation 97

Protection against neonatal tetanus 90

Breastmilk + complementary feeding 67

All vaccinations 86

Children having diarrhoea treated with ORS 78

Exclusive breastfeeding 64

Early initiation of breastfeeding 47

Care-seeking for pneumonia 35

Delivery by SBAs 32

PNC (within 2 days) 30

ANC4+visits 26

Given antibioties for suspected pneumonia 25

Care seeking for diarrhoea 25

0 10 20 20 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Per cent

Missed opportunities

•• Low coverage for interventions during pregnancy and immediately surrounding birth, such as visits for antenatal care, services of skilled birth attendants, ensuring early initiation of breastfeeding and early postnatal check on health of the mother and newborn are the missed opportunities which have the potential for achieving higher levels of coverage and prevention of deaths.

• Focused interventions in the form of campaigns or outreach services, such as vitamin A supplementation, immunization and distribution of ORS packets have resulted in higher

levels of coverage.

• In comparison, those interventions that require 24-hour access to skilled health providers, such as treatment of childhood pneumonia or diarrhoea also have a large potential to contribute to saving of precious lives.

42

BANGLADESH

Sour

ce:

Nat

iona

l Ins

titut

e of

Pop

ulat

ion

Rese

arch

and

Tra

inin

g (N

IPO

RT),

Mitr

a A

ssoci

ates

, and

IC

F In

tern

atio

nal.

Ban

glad

esh

Dem

ogra

phic

and

Hea

lth S

urve

y 20

11. D

haka

, Ban

glad

esh

and

Cal

vert

on, M

aryl

and,

USA

: N

IPO

RT, M

itra

and

Asso

ciat

es, a

nd I

CF

Inte

rnat

iona

l, 20

13.

Dem

og

rap

hic

an

d S

oci

al D

iff e

ren

tial

s fo

r N

ewb

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d C

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d H

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hild

’s se

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Mal

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mal

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Seco

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Low

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Hig

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Mot

her’s

edu

cati

onW

ealt

h qu

inti

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Mot

her’s

age

(ye

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Dif

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lsTo

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# Fo

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oup

20-3

4

Rem

arks

• M

othe

r’s e

duca

tion

is a

maj

or d

eter

min

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of n

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hea

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f the

m

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rs a

re n

ot e

duca

ted,

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r ch

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nsid

erab

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vant

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pare

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th

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who

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re e

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seco

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vel:

- In

fant

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d ch

ildre

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der-

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mos

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to d

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are

also

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and

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are

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to

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or p

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ck

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or h

ave

sym

ptom

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A

RI.

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hild

mor

talit

y is

link

ed d

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tly to

the

age

of th

e m

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r in

as

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yo

unge

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< 20

yea

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are

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to 1

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tim

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likel

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as

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ants

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fi ve

child

ren

com

pare

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old

er m

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the

age

grou

p 20

–

29 y

ears

.

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hild

ren

born

in p

oor

fam

ilies

are

at a

hi

gher

ris

k of

dea

th a

s co

mpa

red

to th

ose

born

in r

ich

fam

ilies

.

Neo

nata

l mor

talit

y ra

te

32

39

26

32

33

45

26

34

23

Infa

nt m

orta

lity

rate

43

48

37

55

33

57

34

50

29

Und

er-fi

ve

mor

talit

y

53

57

50

71

39

66

43

64

37ra

te

Stun

ting

, %

41

41

42

51

23

- -

54

26

Und

erw

eigh

t, %

36

34

39

49

18

-

- 50

21

Prot

ecti

on a

gain

st

42

- -

42

39

48

40#

40

46ne

onat

al t

etan

us

(2+

TT

)

Del

iver

ies

assi

sted

32

-

- 13

71

32

32

# 12

64

by S

BA

s, %

Ear

ly in

itia

tion

of

47

48

46

47

40

- -

50

41br

east

feed

ing,

%

Med

ian

dura

tion

of

3.5

3.4

3.5

2.9

4.4

- -

3.0

3.5

brea

stfe

edin

g,(m

onth

s)

Chi

ldre

n re

ceiv

ing

all

86

87

85

76

97

- -

77

94ba

sic

vacc

inat

ions

, %

Chi

ldre

n w

ith

diar

rhoe

a 25

25

25

19

41

-

- 20

49

brou

ght

to h

ealt

hfa

cilit

y/ p

rovi

der,

%

Chi

ldre

n w

ith

diar

rhoe

a 78

82

72

79

88

-

- 81

82

trea

ted

wit

h O

RS,

%

Chi

ldre

n w

ith sy

mpt

oms

35

40

29

25

58

- -

25

58of

AR

I tak

en to

hea

lth

faci

lity/

prov

ider

, %

Chi

ldre

n w

ith sy

mpt

oms

71

76

66

63

75

- -

69

83of

AR

I tak

en to

hea

lthfa

cilit

y/pr

ovid

er a

ndgi

ven

antib

iotic

s, %

So

cio

-eco

no

mic

Diff

ere

nti

als

43

BANGLADESH

Socio-economic Diff erentials

Diff erentials in Newborn and Child HealthDiff erentials in neonatal, infant and under-fi ve mortality rates

Neonatal Mortality Rate Infant Mortality Rate Under - Five Mortality Rate

Mother's education 33 Sec+ 55 No Edn43

Mother's age 34 (20-29 Years) 57 (< 20 Years)43

Wealth quintile 29 Highest 50 Lowest43


Mother's age 43 (20-29 years) 66 (< 20 Years)53


Mother's age 26 (20-29 years) 45 (< 20 years)32


Mother's education 33 Sec+32 No Edu32

Per cent

Mother's education

Stunting Underweight

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80



Wealth quintile 26 Highest 54 Lowest

Mother's education 51 No Edn23 Sec+41

41

Per cent

0

0

g

4

a

t

N

c

a

2

g

u

s

3

3

5

e

5

5

w

y

d

0

6

4

N

0

t

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Diff erentials in nutritional status of children

44

BANGLADESH

Diff erentials in the deliveries by SBAs

Diff erentials in immunization of children

Deliveries assissted by SBAs

Wealth quintile 12 Lowest 64 Highest32

Per cent 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Mother's age 32 (20-34 years) 32 (<20 years)32

Mother's education 13 No Edn 71 Sec+32

Children with symptoms of ARI brought

to health facility/provider

Wealth quintile

Per cent 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Mother's education 25 No Edn 58 Sec +

35

25 Lowest 58 Highest35

Children receiving all basic vaccinations

Wealth quintile 77 Lowest 94 Highest

Per cent 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Mother's education 76 No Edn 97 Sec+86

86

Diff erentials in care seeking for children with symptoms of ARI

Diff erentials in care-seeking by children sick with diarrhoea

Brought to health facility/provider

Children sick with Diarrhoea

Treated with ORS

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Mother's education 19 No Edn 41 Sec +25

25Wealth quintile 20 Lowest 49 Highest

Per cent

E

L 4

e

h

Mother's education79 No Edn

88 Sec+78

78Wealth quintile 81 Lowest

82 Highest

Source: National Institute of Population Research and Training (NIPORT), Mitra Associates, and ICF International, Bangladesh demographic and Health Survey 2011. Dhaka, Bangladesh and Calverton, Maryland, USA: NIPORT, Mitra Associates, and ICF International, 2013.

45

BANGLADESH

Diff

ere

nti

als

by

Geo

gra

ph

ical

Reg

ion

s

Sour

ce:

Nat

iona

l Ins

titut

e of

Pop

ulat

ion

Rese

arch

and

Tra

inin

g (N

IPO

RT),

Mitr

a A

ssoci

ates

, and

IC

F In

tern

atio

nal,

Ban

glad

esh

dem

ogra

phic

and

Hea

lth S

urve

y 20

11. D

haka

, Ban

glad

esh

and

Cal

vert

on, M

aryl

and,

USA

: N

IPO

RT, M

itra

Asso

ciat

es, a

nd I

CF

Inte

rnat

iona

l, 20

13.

Indi

cato

rs

Pla

ce o

f Res

iden

ce

Div

isio

n

U

rban

R

ural

B

aris

al

Chi

ttag

ong

Dha

ka

Khu

lna

Raj

shah

i Sy

lhet

NM

R

32

33

38

21

36

32

39

45

IMR

42

43

49

35

44

36

51

59

U5M

R

50

55

62

50

54

40

63

71

Stun

ting

%

36

43

45

41

43

34

34

49

Und

erw

eigh

t %

28

39

40

37

37

29

34

45

Neo

nate

s pr

otec

ted

agai

nst

teta

nus

(2+

TT

) %

47

40

55

41

45

34

43

29

Del

iver

ies

by S

BA

%

54

25

28

30

32

49

31

24

Init

iati

on o

f bre

astf

eedi

ng w

ithi

n on

e ho

ur

44

48

44

46

43

46

54

54

afte

r bi

rth

%

Med

ian

dura

tion

of e

xclu

sive

bre

astf

eedi

ng (

Mon

ths)

3.

5 3.

5 2.

3 4.

0 3.

0 4.

0 2.

9 2.

9

Imm

uniz

atio

n %

87

86

83

82

85

94

90

80

% w

ith

diar

rhoe

a fo

r w

hom

tre

atm

ent

was

sou

ght

45

20

34

20

26

19

19

35

from

a h

ealt

h fa

cilit

y

% w

ith

diar

rhoe

a w

ho r

ecei

ved

OR

S 84

76

73

77

88

67

56

85

% w

ith

susp

ecte

d pn

eum

onia

for

who

m t

reat

men

t

54

31

40

24

38

45

31

43

was

sou

ght

from

a h

ealt

h fa

cilit

y

% w

ith

susp

ecte

d pn

eum

onia

who

rec

eive

d an

tibi

otic

s*

78

70

70

70

72

74

74

72

46

BANGLADESH

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