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East Coast Regional Consultation on Climate Change Adaptation

Rajamundry, AP, August 26-27, 2013

Session II: Experience Exchange on Community Based Approaches

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Background of the initiative

Integration of Climate Change Concerns in Ongoing Programs

Impact Initiative Partners

Climate Proofing Initiatives

Watershed: MARI/NABARD

Tank management MARI/IC-SDC

Preparedness/responses to risks and uncertainty in WASH sector

Infrastructure resilience

FANSA

Management and governance

GTF: UKAID/ WaterAid

`Right to water and sanitation

Members of FANSA

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Objective/Focus Key activities

Objective: Watershed as a strategy for the ecosystem management and climate change management

Autonomous adaptations

Watershed projects can facilitate autonomous adaptations by communities by putting systematic mechanisms in place  (e.g., communication, credit, finance, social network, alternative services, livelihoods, etc.)

Making available information and technology

Enhance capacity to adapt by making available information on range of options; and affordable and appropriate technology•Measures to improve soil moisture content and conserve water.•Minimise the adverse impact of climate variability on crops by improving the micro climate (i.e., by conserving moisture and developing green cover).

Improving access to meteorological information.

•Access to historical data as well as day-to-day, reliable weather forecast specifically targeted to farming practices.

Overview on the initiative

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Economic support tools Crop, cattle and health insurance Convergence with MGNREGS for drought proofing

Objective: Restoration of tanks’ and dependent livelihoods in resolving crisis of water and employment

Improving water storage capacity of tanks

• Created more than 1 million cu.m. of additional storage capacity.

• Recharged 2500 tube wells; and revived 980 dried up wells

• Generated 0.51 million days of employment, which arrested migration of 4500 families

• Assured drinking water for human and animal population

• Soil fertility improved in 18000 ha with tank silt application

• Strengthened 108 tank management institutions

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Impact of Land Treatment

Impact of Land Treatment-Stylo Grass on Form Bund Impact of Land Treatment-

Form pond

Impact of Land Treatment-Sunken pond

Impact of Land Treatment-CCT

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Conservation furrow

-retains about 37% additional soil moisture compared to farmers’ practice-better plant growth and higher yields by about 17%

Groundnut Castor + Pigeonpea

In-situ conservation practices

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Model Compost preparationLow dung to biomass ratio for more nutrition

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Water pumping out of the bore well

Farm pond with full of water

RECHARGE WELL

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Impact of Check dam

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MAGH SERIES BIOCHAR PRODUCING STOVES

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Vegetative cover

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Restoration of tanks requires massive earthwork which creates great potential for wage employment

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Objective: Preparedness for responding to risks and uncertainty in WASH sectorEquity and inclusion Focus on tribal and hard to reach areas

CSO networks engagement for fair water rights enable flexible responses to risks and uncertainty Mitigation on the impacts on sanitation, especially due to changes in groundwater caused by an increasing incidence of drought and flood.

Infrastructure resilience Improve design, construction and managementReplacing damaged WASH systemsDesign emergency WASH systems

Management and governance Disaster risk reduction strategies (e.g., water and sanitation services will be most affected during drought and floods, and women and children especially face hardship during such events). Additional finance Improve weather forecasting Information flows for adaptation to climate change impactsPriority to areas more prone to climate changeFocus on waste management, water contamination (concentration of pollutants), increase in water demand (overcoming water shortage), infrastructure, and sources of methane emission

Access to services Technology [for prevention and cure]Universal access to health technology as well as services must be ensuredReduce water-borne diseases, as 50% of diseases are water-borne

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Adaptation is an action that people/households /individuals taken in response to stress, including that due to climate change.

Autonomous adaptations by communities by putting systematic mechanisms in place (e.g., communication, credit, finance, social network, alternative services livelihoods, etc.)

Improve the capacity to by making available information

Providing Affordable and appropriate technology

Improving access to meteorological information (e.g., reliable weather forecast specifically targeted to farming practices.)

Capacity building of communities with respect to the crop, cattle and health insurance

The information and awareness

Institution building and creation of support systems

Document communities’ coping mechanisms and adaptations and disseminate them on a large scale.

Approach and methodology for community-based adaptation

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Key impacts

Social Environmental

Economic Governnace

Benefits Enhanced resilience of poor and marginalised

Enhanced capacity of community for NRM mgt.

Creation of knowledge

Increased NRM base

Productive use of resources

Increase in ground water

Livelihood asssets created

Higher income Better food

security

Strong local institutions

Improved planning and management

Ability to leverage external resources

Negative effects

Limited influence on ultra poor

More bore wells sunk (need for better collective water mangement)

Limited sucess in diversification of livelihoods

Lack of localsied information affected crop choices and mangement

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M&E system

Baseline data on different variables and parameters to compare impacts with the pre-project situation

Collected seasonal data for monitoring crop productivity, ground water table, etc.

Community based planning and monitoring for each season

Outcome monitoring: Documentation of case studies, Thematic studies

Annual reviews

Monitoring and evaluation of progress and impacts

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• Interventions have enhanced resilience of local communities through building up livelihood assets

• Increased natural resource base (water, irrigated crop & pasture land) leading to higher income and better food security

• Building response capacity: Investment in human capital resulted in enhanced capacity of community for NRM mgt.

• Need to explicitly identify and build in measures focusing on ability to manage climate risks (and where applicable: confronting impacts of CC)

Lessons learnt on making community-based adaptation work

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Localised information on the manifestations of climate change is needed:

– Timely access to weather information

– Option sets

– Access to knowledge and information

Creation/strengthening of local institutions to improve planning and management skills leads to continuity, ability to leverage external resources and creation of knowledge

Strong local institutions that continue beyond project periods are seen as a main driver for managing climate risks

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Folie 19Thank You!