AVPCAMERA SHOTS 3

TAKE NOTES ASK QUESTIONS PAY ATTENTIONTHEY ARE ALL VERY

STRONGLY ENCOURAGED

TAKE NOTES ASK QUESTIONS PAY ATTENTIONTHEY ARE ALL VERY

STRONGLY ENCOURAGED

CAMERA SHOTS

3

SHOT COMPOSITION

Headroom

A term used with shots of people.

This refers to the space above the

subject's head. You'll see different

amounts of headroom, depending

on the intent of the creator of the

video.

In general, if you're standing right

in front of someone, you'll see that

they have space all around them -

they aren't cut off by a frame. By

leaving headroom, or space beside

them, you are imitating what you

see in real life.

Headroom

Proper amount of headroom

Headroom

Proper amount of headroom

Wrong amount of headroom

Headroom

Proper amount of headroom

Wrong amount of headroom

Talking/Walking Room

or Nose Room

If you are interviewing someone or

have video of someone talking, you

generally do not want them looking

directly at the camera (again, it

depends on your goals - certain

situations may call for that).

Generally you want the person to

be looking off to the left or right of

the camera a bit. When you do this,

frame your shot so that there is

some talking room. That is, you

want to leave some extra space in

front of their face as if you were

going to draw a dialogue box in for

them.

This space is "talking room." If the

person is talking to another person,

this shows space between them.

Walking room, if the person in

motion, gives them space to walk

to. Talking/Walking Room leaves

space in the shot for the action,

whether it be words or movement.

Talking/Walking Room or Nose Room

Proper amount of Talking room

Talking/Walking Room or Nose Room

Proper amount of nose room

Wrong amount of nose room

Talking/Walking Room or Nose Room

Proper amount of nose room

Wrong amount of nose room

Talking/Walking Room or Nose Room

Proper amount of nose room

Wrong amount of nose room

Reaction Shot

1.A shot of someone looking off

screen. Used either to lead into

a P.O.V. Shot (and let the viewer

know that it is a P.O.V. shot), or

to show a reaction right after a

P.O.V. shot.

2.A reaction shot can also be a

shot of someone in a

conversation where they are not

given a line of dialogue but are

just listening to the other person

speak

Common in interviews, this is a

shot of the person listening and

reacting to the subject. In fact,

when shooting interviews with one

camera, the usual routine is to

shoot the subject (using Over the

shoulder shots and one-shots) for

the entire interview.

Then you shoot some reaction

shotd of the interviewer once the

interview is finished. The reaction

shots are edited into the interview

later.

Reverse Shot

A shot from the other side of the

previous shot (though preferably on

the same side of the 180° Line),

such as cutting between two

characters talking, a person exiting

and entering though a doorway, a

reaction shot and P.O.V. shot, etc.

Cutaway (CA)

A cutaway is a shot that's usually

of something other than the

current action.

It could be a different subject, a

CU of a different part of the

subject (eg. a CU of the subject's

hands), or just about anything

else. The CA is used as a "buffer"

between shots (to help the editing

process), or to add

interest/information.

Cut-In

Shows some part of the subject in

detail. Like a cutaway, but

specifically refers to showing some

part of the subject in detail.

Can be used purely as an edit

point, or to emphasize emotion

etc. For example, hand

movements can show enthusiasm,

agitation, nervousness, etc.

Two Shot

There are a few variations on this

one, but the basic idea is to have a

comfortable shot of two people.

Often used in interviews, or when

two presenters are hosting a show.

A "One-Shot" could be a mid-shot

of either of these subjects. A

"Three-Shot", unsurprisingly,

contains three people.

Two-shots are good

for establishing a

relationship between

subjects.

A two-shot could also involve

movement or action. It is a good

way to follow the interaction

between two people without

getting distracted by their

surroundings.

Over the Shoulder Shot (OSS)

Looking from behind a person at

the subject, cutting off the frame

just behind the ear. The person

facing the subject should occupy

about 1/3 of the frame.

This shot helps to establish the

positions of each person, and get

the feel of looking at one person

from the other's point of view.

A variation of this shot can be a

bit wider and include the shoulder

of the person facing the subject.

Point-of-View Shot (POV)

A shot from the perspective of

one of the characters, as if the

audience were seeing the scene

from their eyes. This shot is

usually edited in such a way that it

is obvious whose POV it is.

In a point of view (POV) shot, the

camera is placed at the eye

position of a character.

Shot   2POV (Point Of View)

Shot 1 WS (Wide Shot)

Shot 3OSS (Over -Shoulder)

Shot 4POV (Point Of View)

Sequence of shots

American shot (Hollywood shot)

Refers to a medium-close ("knee")

film shot of a group of characters,

who are arranged so that all are

visible to the

camera.

The usual arrangement is for the

actors to stand in an irregular line

from one side of the screen to the

other, with the actors at the end

coming forward a little and

standing more in

profile than the

others.

The purpose of the composition is

to allow complex dialogue scenes

to be played out without changes

in camera position.

Dutch Tilt

A composition with the camera

viewing the scene at a diagonal.

Same as a canted angle. A shot

composed with the horizon not

parallel with the

bottom of the

frame.

The tilt might be used to illustrate

disorientation, confusion or even a

threatening situation. Someone

suffers a blow, perhaps to the

head, or falls down.

Rack Focus

A shot where focus is changed

while shooting. Unlike a Follow

Focus shot, a rack focus shot is

usually done not from the necessity

of keeping someone in focus but to

shift attention from one thing to

another.