Australia. Australia, the country, is divided into six states.
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Transcript of Australia. Australia, the country, is divided into six states.
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Australia
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Australia , the country, is divided into six states.
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Physical Australia
• The major area of hills and mountains in Australia is the Great Dividing Range.
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The Outback
• A low area of land called the Western Plateau covers nearly 2/3 of the country. Australians call this area the Outback.
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• Three deserts cover much of the Outback: The Great Victoria Desert, the Great Sandy Desert, and the Gibson Desert.
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• These deserts include mammoth rock formations, some as old as 6 billion years.
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Great Barrier Reef
• One of the world’s most famous natural wonders, the Great Barrier Reef, lies just off Australia’s northeastern coast.
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Natural Resources
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Australia is one of the world’s leading producers of:
•Wheat•Cattle•Sheep
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Australia is one of the world’s leading exporters of:
•Beef•Mutton•Lamb•Wool
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Other natural resources include:
• Uranium• Iron ore• Copper• Lead• Gold• Diamonds• Silver
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Climate and Vegetation
• Desert: A vast desert region covers the majority of the continent.
• Steppe: A ring of steppe climate surrounds Australia’s desert region. Acacia and eucalyptus trees dominate this region.
• Humid Subtropical: A moister climate found along the northeast coast
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Climate and Weather
• Doldrums: frequently windless areas near the equator.
• Typhoons are also common. These are hurricanes that form in the Pacific Ocean.
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Vegetation
• Acacia: called wattles by early settlers
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Vegetation
• Eucalyptus Trees: Where you will find koalas.
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Vegetation
• Manuka: shrubs found in New Zealand
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Human Characteristics
• Early Peoples: Aborigines
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What Happened to these People?
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• Much like the Native Americans, the Aborigines were greatly affected by white settlement.
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• The British brought many diseases that the Aborigines were not immune to.
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• The Aborigines attempted to resist the taking over of their land by the British.
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• As a result, many Aborigines died in skirmishes with the colonists.
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• As settlements expanded, the colonists destroyed natural resources to the point that Aboriginal groups could not survive practicing their traditional hunting and gathering ways.
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• Aboriginal populations declined drastically, and the remaining groups began to live on the fringes of the settlements.
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Ethnic Groups Living in Australia
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%
European
Asian
Aborigine
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Human Characteristics
• Population: Population for Australia is about 18.7 million people.
• 85% of Australia’s people live in cities or towns.
• Very few people choose to live in the Outback.
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Human Characteristics
• Population:
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Religious Beliefs
80%
1%
12%
7%
Christian
Hindu
Nonreligious
Other
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Languages• English is the predominant language spoken in Australia.
• Strine is the name for the English spoken in Australia.
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Ranching• Australian sheep herders are called graziers.
• Australian ranches are called stations.
• Some stations are as large as 6,000 square miles.
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Transportation and Communication
• Large parts of the Australian outback are without any roads.
• Desert and mountainous terrain make travel difficult
• The rail gauges, width between the rails, do not match from state to state. This also makes travel difficult.
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Animal Life• The Europeans introduced
camels, rabbits, and sheep to Australia.
• Australia’s most well-known native animals are all marsupials, meaning they are mammals that give birth to offspring who mature in the mothers’ pouches.
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• Kangaroos, koalas, and wallabies are marsupials.
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The End