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Atlantic Revolutions and theirEchoes, 1750-1914

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The Haitian Revolution, 1791-1804

Saint Dominque (Haiti)

the richest colony in theworld:

8000 plantations, 40% ofthe world sugar, 50% of its

coffee, 500,000 slaves,30,000 gens de couleur,40,000 whites.

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Causes:

The ideals of the

Enlightenment The example of the

French Revolution 1789-1799

Liberty, Fraternity,

Equality All men are created

equal, and are entitled tolife, liberty and property.

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The Result

The last had become first:

the only completelysuccessful slave revolt inhistory.

All citizens equal, regardlessof race, color or class.

Haiti, small scale farmers,producing for their ownneeds.

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Spanish American Revolutions,1810-1825

Simon Bolivar, 1783-1830

1808 Napoleon invaded

Spain, thus opening up theprospect for revolt in itscolonies.

Spanish American society:

A Spanish upper class, andlarge mixed-racepopulation, and NativeAmericans at the bottom.

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The Result

A new identity:

Americanos. No real benefits for the

lower classes.

No unification into a

United States of SouthAmerica.

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A president with a life-term

The president chose the vice-president, who wouldsucceed him.

Tribunes legislated local matters.

Senators legislated state matters.

Censors controlled the moral and educational life ofthe Republic.

Voting rights: Those who had property or incomesand could read were allowed to vote.

Bolivars Government

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Comparison: Where did the leastradical of all the Atlantic revolutions

occur?

a. North Americab. Haiti

c. Franced. Latin America

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Echoes of Revolution

The Abolition of Slavery

Nations and Nationalism

Feminist Beginnings

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The Abolition of Slavery

1787 Society of Friends

formed the anti-slaverysociety. 1803 Denmark declared the

slave trade illegal. 1804 Slaves successfully

revolted in Haiti. 1807 G.B. and U.S. outlawed

the slave trade. By 1850, the trade was

basically over.

American Civil War 1861-1895

1888 Brazil abolishedslavery.

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Why?

The example of Haitis

successful slave revolt. The belief that slavery

was morally wrong,economically inefficient,

and politically unwise. The belief that all men are

created equal.

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Devotion to ones nation, patriotism.

The doctrine that national interests and security aremore important than international considerations.

The desire for advocacy of national independence.

Nationalism

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A. Yes

B. No

C. Its mainly good

D. Its mainly bad

E. I dont care

Is Nationalism a positive forcein the world?

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Nations and Nationalism

Citizens of a nation, not

subjects of a king. 1870 Unification of Italy.

1871 Unification of Germany.

1885 Founding of the Indian

National Congress.

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A. Love of the fatherland.

B. A form of social organization in which the father orthe eldest male is recognized as the head of thefamily or tribe.

C. Government, rule or domination of men, as in

family or tribe. D. Both B and C.

What is patriarchy?

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A. The principle that women should have political,

economic, and social rights equal to those of men. B. Feminine qualities

C. The notion that women are superior to men.

D. Both A and C.

What is Feminism?

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Feminist Beginnings: Causes

The Enlightenment and

the discussion of equality. The example of

revolutions on the basisof equal rights.

1792A Vindication of theRights of Women.

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Feminist Beginnings: Results

1848 Womens Rights

Conference, New York. Post 1900

Access to universities.

Control of their own

property.

Rights to their children.

Right to vote:

1893 New Zealand

1906 Finland

1918 United Kingdom,Canada, Germany, Austria

1920 United States

1945 France

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Change: Which of the following was

NOT a long-term outcome of theAtlantic revolutions?

a. The emergence of a feminist movementb. The emergence of an abolition of slavery movementc. The spread of the idea that governments should be

based on the idea of popular sovereignty

d. The discrediting of nationalism as a result of theexcesses of the French Revolution