ATAMOSTEC Project: Atacama Desert PV Platformnpv-workshop.com/fileadmin/layout/images/bifiPV/... ·...
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ATAMOSTEC Project: Atacama Desert PV Platform The Atacama Desert Acknowledgement This work was supported by the Chilean Economic Development Agency, CORFO, with the contract no. 17PTECES-75830 under the framework of the project AtaMoSTeC and by the Chilean Solar Energy Research Center (SERC Chile) under contract no. CONICYT/FONDAP15110019. *E. Cabrera 1 , J-F. Lelievre 2 , I. Devoto 1 , J.-P. Aguerre 3 , P. Ferrada 4 , A. Marzo 4 , R. Kopecek 1 , A. Halm 1 , B. Silva 5 ,E. Fuentealba 4 , D. Muñoz 2 , E. Urrejola 5 1 International Solar Energy Research Center -ISC- Konstanz, Rudolf-Diesel-Str. 15, 78467 Konstanz, Germany 2 INES/CEA, Department of Solar Technologies, Université Grenoble Alpes, INES, F-73375 Le Bourget du Lac, France 3 Poligono Industrial Bainetxe, Pabellon 5A, 20550 Aretxabaleta, Spain 4 Centro de Desarrollo Energético Antofagasta (CDEA), Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, 1270300, Chile 5 AtaMoS-TeC, Pérez Valenzuela 1635, Santiago, 7500028, Chile. www.atamostec.cl *Corresponding author: Phone: +49 7531 3618356 ; Email: [email protected] dust deposition Global Tilted Comparison • Different types of desert climate • The Atacama Desert offers unique conditions for solar energy, but at the same time important challenges to guarantee the reliability and durability of photovoltaic systems. • Accelerated ageing standards applied in the photovoltaic industry (IEC61215-2016) largely underestimate PV module degradation due to ultraviolet (UV), which is of great concern for desert applications such as Atacama. • Development of aggressive ultra-accelerated ageing test protocol combining UV (strong intensity / dose / temperature) and Thermal Cycles / Salt Mist / Damp Heat to characterize nPERT and HET modules with different encapsulants. • All Groups (except “bad” reference EVA) showed less than 5% relative Pmpp losses after UV+PTC, UV+Salt Mist, UV+DH and UV+HAST (tests ongoing) • Different 4-cell module configurations ready for installation at the PSDA in order to evaluate outdoor performance and to adapt indoor ageing methodology • Energy yield studies are planned to be carried out in the Atacama Desert Solar Platform (PSDA) for 3 bifacial technologies based on 72-cell modules installed in 3 types of structures: vertical, tilted and horizontal axis tracker • PV system performance and longevity strongly affected • International Standards only partly applicable for the evaluation of the module reliability and durability • Bifacial glass-glass modules are a very promising option 65% UV-B IRRADIATION Above European average T<30º CELSIUS Average temperature in summer 2 mm Average annual rainfall in some desert areas 4.000 HOURS Average annual hours of sunlight 2.500 (GHI) /3500 (DNI) kWh/m 2 year Average irradiance 105.000 km 2 Area Hour of Day, 1 Jan 1996 Wind (m s -1 ) T (°C) Light (W m -2 ) RH (%) Climatic conditions of 4year Challenges Systematic winds In speed and direction (east-west) Module Development: Bifacial & double glass High energy consumption Mining activities Corrosive environment Atacama Desert Solar Platform (PSDA) Lalcktur 1 MW HSAT Industrial Pilot Plant • Monitoring of 3 different bifacial technologies (nPERT, HET, PERC+) installed in 3 types of different structures: vertical, tilted and horizontal single axis tracker Tilted fix 20° Vertical east-west Single axis tracking Energy yield measurements Indoor characterization (preliminary results) • Reliability and durability Investigations through the development of new ultra-accelerated ageing test protocols adapted for desert conditions. Objectives: • Reduction of time and increase of aggressiveness for accelerated ageing tests • Investigation of impact of higher UV doses (+ intensity) at higher temperature • Evaluation of impact of: • UV and PTC (TC+Current injection+higher temperature range), • UV and DH (correlation with more aggressive HAST chamber) • Salt mist corrosion test procedure and UV • Manufacture of 4-cell modules (nPERT and HET) with different material and configurations for ultra accelerated indoor tests (in total ca. 30 Groups) • 4-cell modules on nPERT and HET technologies with different types of configurations: Soldering vs gluing, Half vs Full cell design, different encapsulants and glasses (with and without coatings). installed in the PSDA (Atacama Desert Solar Platform) and for ultra accelerated indoor tests. • Mini-modules were fabricated for the PSDA with 26 lines of outdoor IV monitoring. • UV + Salt Mist UV + PTC UV + DH/HAST • 1 MW PV Plant with HSAT. 25% of possible change in the plant for R&D investigation • Outdoor Laboratory network, equipment and infrastructure in Chile Tocopilla Mejillones Antofagasta Taltal Ollague Calama Sierra Gorda San Pedro Baquedano PSDA • Groups pass all tests (Pmpp losses <5%) except Group 9 based on EVA encapsulant (deliberately chosen to evaluate the sensitivity of each tests). Ageing tests ongoing. • All Groups based on 4-cells ready for implementation in the PSDA. Outdoor data needed for testing technology and indoor ageing methodology. • Group 1 (nPERT+POE1) and Group 8 (HET+TPO) were manufactured in 72-cell glass- glass sizes and installed in the PSDA for energy yield studies. Both developments correspond to the first module version of the ATAMOSTEC project. 1000W/m2 for 20h • Extremely high UV-B levels • Specific solar spectrum • High albedo of desert sand • Corrosive environment • Partial high humidity • Various geographic areas • Sticking fine dust • Water scarcity • High seismicity [1] J.-P. Lelievre et al., 4AV.1.37, presented on the 36 th EUPVSEC, 2019 Conclusions Front IV data of 6 Groups (of 30 mini-modules): • HET modules exhibit higher Pmpp and Voc than nPERT modules while nPERT modules achieve better FF and Isc. • Group 1 (nPERT+POE1): Glass with anti-reflective coating increase Pmpp (1.3%) due to Isc increase. HALF cell design increase Pmpp (2.6%) due to the better FF (less resistive losses). • 72-cell modules based on nPERT (ATAMOS1), HET (ATAMOS1), PERC+ (as bifacial reference) and PERC mono (as mono reference) technologies are installed in the PSDA. • FRONT and REAR IV data including equivalent method for bifacial modules according IEC TS 60904-1-2:2019 were performed. This method considers that bifacial cells operate at a higher total irradiance (rear side illuminated) and takes into account the related increased in resistive losses. • The graph below compares the bifacial architectures with the monofacial reference at a given rear side illumination (Ge=STC, Ge100=100W/m 2 .& Ge200=200W/m 2 ). > 20% 7.9 (9 Modules) (1 Modules) (2 Modules) (3 Modules) (3 Modules)
Transcript of ATAMOSTEC Project: Atacama Desert PV Platformnpv-workshop.com/fileadmin/layout/images/bifiPV/... ·...
ATAMOSTEC Project: Atacama Desert PV Platform
The Atacama Desert
AcknowledgementThis work was supported by the Chilean Economic Development Agency, CORFO, with the contract no. 17PTECES-75830 under the framework of theproject AtaMoSTeC and by the Chilean Solar Energy Research Center (SERC Chile) under contract no. CONICYT/FONDAP15110019.
*E. Cabrera1, J-F. Lelievre2, I. Devoto1, J.-P. Aguerre3, P. Ferrada4, A. Marzo4, R. Kopecek1, A. Halm1, B. Silva5,E. Fuentealba4, D. Muñoz2, E. Urrejola5
1International Solar Energy Research Center -ISC- Konstanz, Rudolf-Diesel-Str. 15, 78467 Konstanz, Germany2INES/CEA, Department of Solar Technologies, Université Grenoble Alpes, INES, F-73375 Le Bourget du Lac, France
3Poligono Industrial Bainetxe, Pabellon 5A, 20550 Aretxabaleta, Spain4Centro de Desarrollo Energético Antofagasta (CDEA), Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, 1270300, Chile
5AtaMoS-TeC, Pérez Valenzuela 1635, Santiago, 7500028, Chile. www.atamostec.cl*Corresponding author: Phone: +49 7531 3618356 ; Email: [email protected]
dust deposition
Global Tilted Comparison
• Different types of desert climate
• The Atacama Desert offers unique conditions for solar energy, but at the same time importantchallenges to guarantee the reliability and durability of photovoltaic systems.
• Accelerated ageing standards applied in the photovoltaic industry (IEC61215-2016) largelyunderestimate PV module degradation due to ultraviolet (UV), which is of great concern for desertapplications such as Atacama.
• Development of aggressive ultra-accelerated ageing test protocol combining UV (strong intensity /dose / temperature) and Thermal Cycles / Salt Mist / Damp Heat to characterize nPERT and HETmodules with different encapsulants.
• All Groups (except “bad” reference EVA) showed less than 5% relative Pmpp losses after UV+PTC,UV+Salt Mist, UV+DH and UV+HAST (tests ongoing)
• Different 4-cell module configurations ready for installation at the PSDA in order to evaluate outdoorperformance and to adapt indoor ageing methodology
• Energy yield studies are planned to be carried out in the Atacama Desert Solar Platform (PSDA) for 3bifacial technologies based on 72-cell modules installed in 3 types of structures: vertical, tilted andhorizontal axis tracker
• PV system performance and longevity strongly affected
• International Standards only partly applicable for the evaluation
of the module reliability and durability
• Bifacial glass-glass modules are a very promising option
65%UV-B IRRADIATION
Above European average
T<30ºCELSIUS
Average temperature in summer
2mm
Average annual rainfallin some desert areas
4.000HOURS
Average annual hours of sunlight
2.500(GHI)/3500(DNI)
kWh/m2 yearAverage irradiance
105.000km2
Area
Hour of Day, 1 Jan 1996
Win
d(m
s-1
)T
(°C
)L
igh
t (W
m-2
)R
H (
%)
Climatic conditions of 4year
Challenges
Systematic windsIn speed and direction
(east-west)
Module Development: Bifacial & double glass
High energy consumption
Mining activities
Corrosiveenvironment
Atacama Desert Solar Platform(PSDA)
Lalcktur 1 MW HSATIndustrial Pilot Plant
• Monitoring of 3 different bifacial technologies (nPERT, HET, PERC+) installed in 3 types of differentstructures: vertical, tilted and horizontal single axis tracker
Tilted fix 20° Vertical east-west Single axis tracking
Energy yield measurements
Indoor characterization (preliminary results)
• Reliability and durability Investigations through the development of new ultra-acceleratedageing test protocols adapted for desert conditions. Objectives:
• Reduction of time and increase of aggressiveness for accelerated ageing tests• Investigation of impact of higher UV doses (+ intensity) at higher temperature• Evaluation of impact of:
• UV and PTC (TC+Current injection+higher temperature range),• UV and DH (correlation with more aggressive HAST chamber)• Salt mist corrosion test procedure and UV
• Manufacture of 4-cell modules (nPERT and HET) with different material and configurationsfor ultra accelerated indoor tests (in total ca. 30 Groups)
• 4-cell modules on nPERT and HET technologies with different types of configurations: Soldering vsgluing, Half vs Full cell design, different encapsulants and glasses (with and without coatings).installed in the PSDA (Atacama Desert Solar Platform) and for ultra accelerated indoor tests.
• Mini-modules were fabricated for the PSDA with 26 lines of outdoor IV monitoring.•
UV + Salt Mist UV + PTC UV + DH/HAST• 1 MW PV Plant with HSAT.
25% of possible change in theplant for R&D investigation
• Outdoor Laboratory network, equipment andinfrastructure in Chile
Tocopilla
Mejillones
Antofagasta
Taltal
Ollague
Calama
Sierra Gorda
San PedroBaquedano
PSDA
• Groups pass all tests (Pmpp losses <5%) except Group 9 based on EVA encapsulant(deliberately chosen to evaluate the sensitivity of each tests). Ageing tests ongoing.
• All Groups based on 4-cells ready for implementation in the PSDA. Outdoor data neededfor testing technology and indoor ageing methodology.
• Group 1 (nPERT+POE1) and Group 8 (HET+TPO) were manufactured in 72-cell glass-glass sizes and installed in the PSDA for energy yield studies. Both developmentscorrespond to the first module version of the ATAMOSTEC project.
1000W/m2 for 20h
• Extremely high UV-B levels
• Specific solar spectrum
• High albedo of desert sand
• Corrosive environment
• Partial high humidity
• Various geographic areas
• Sticking fine dust
• Water scarcity
• High seismicity
[1] J.-P. Lelievre et al., 4AV.1.37,
presented on the 36th EUPVSEC, 2019
Conclusions
Front IV data of 6 Groups (of 30mini-modules):
• HET modules exhibit higherPmpp and Voc than nPERTmodules while nPERT modulesachieve better FF and Isc.
• Group 1 (nPERT+POE1): Glass with anti-reflective
coating increase Pmpp(1.3%) due to Isc increase.
HALF cell design increasePmpp (2.6%) due to thebetter FF (less resistivelosses).
• 72-cell modules based on nPERT (ATAMOS1), HET (ATAMOS1), PERC+ (as bifacial reference) andPERC mono (as mono reference) technologies are installed in the PSDA.
• FRONT and REAR IV data including equivalent method for bifacial modules according IEC TS60904-1-2:2019 were performed. This method considers that bifacial cells operate at a higher totalirradiance (rear side illuminated) and takes into account the related increased in resistive losses.
• The graph below compares the bifacial architectures with the monofacial reference at a given rear sideillumination (Ge=STC, Ge100=100W/m2 .& Ge200=200W/m2).
> 20%
7.9
(9 Modules)
(1 Modules)
(2 Modules)
(3 Modules)
(3 Modules)
