Asterids III – the end of the eudicots Solanaceae Apiaceae.
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Transcript of Asterids III – the end of the eudicots Solanaceae Apiaceae.
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Asterids III – the end of the eudicots
Solanaceae
Apiaceae
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Phylogeny
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Solanaceae – Nightshade Family
• Flowers in 5’s (except carpel)• United sepals and petals• Connivent anthers• Alternate leaves• Spiral leaves• Fruit a berry, drupe, or capsule• Plicate corolla• Cymes or solitary infloresence• Mostly herbs in Colorado
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Floral Formula - Solanaceae
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Solanaceae - Distribution
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Pliate Flowers
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Solanaceae
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Solanaceae
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Solanaceae
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Economic Importance• Edible plants, such as Capsicum (peppers),
Lycopersicon esculentum (tomato), Physalis philadelphica (tomatillo), Solanum tuberosum (potato), Solanum melongena (eggplant)
• Medicinal properties (e.g., atropine from Atropa belladona), hallucinogenic properties (e.g., Datura, Jimson weed), all alkaloids
• Deadly poisons (e.g., Datura, Solanum spp.) • Carcinogens (e.g., Nicotiana tabacum); some
used as ornamental cultivars, others are noxious weeds
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Capsicum annuum
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Capsaicin • Methyl vanillyl nonenamide• Used topically as a pain reliever• Some indications as an injected drug for
osteoarthritis relief• Very bad to get in the eyes• Birds are not effected• Black pepper is a whole different family• http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?s
toryId=93636630
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Capsaicin
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Assorted members of Capsicum
A. Bell PepperB. Hungarian Hot WaxC. HabaneroD. JalapeñoE. CayenneF. Serrano
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Lycopersicon esculentum
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Physalis philadelphica (tomatillo)
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Solanum tuberosum
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Potato Tubers – Underground Stems
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Solanum melongena - eggplant
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Atropa belladonna
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Datura wrightii
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6VJX-3WCYDW6-9&_user=1922016&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&view=c&_acct=C000055361&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=1922016&md5=482b3d93eb7aa37d00d618c41a046f6b
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Nicotiana tobacum
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Angel's Trumpets (Brugmansia)
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Apiaceae – Carrot or Parsley Family• Old name was umbelliferae, because
infloresence for this family is usually an umbel
• Compound umbels
• Usually hollow flower stalks
• Herbaceous in our area
• Sheathing, pinnately compound leaves
• Fruit is a schizocarp of mericarps
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Apiaceae
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Sheathing leaves
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Infloresence a compound umbel
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Pinnately compound leaves
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Schizocarp fruit
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Schizocarp of mericarps
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Apiaceae – Biennial plants
• Biennials, like carrots
• Produce leaves and an underground root the first year,
• Flower, set seed, and die during the second year
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Economic members - Apiaceae
• Food, herb, and spice plants, such as Anethum, dill; Apium, celery; Carum, caraway; Coriandrum, coriander; Cuminum, cumin; Daucus, carrot; Foeniculum, fennel; and Petroselinum, parsely;
• Some species are poisonous, such as Conium maculatum, poison-hemlock;
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Daucus carrota – cultivated carrot aka Queen Anne’s Lace
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Coriander seeds or plants as cillantro = (Coriandrum sativum)
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Foeniculum vulgare - fennel
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Celery and celery root - Apium graveolens
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Azorella compacta - LLareta
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A. compacta
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